BIODIESEL BLENDS BIODIESEL BLENDS For GHG Stakeholders For GHG Stakeholders December 9, 2004 December 9, 2004
Jan 14, 2016
BIODIESEL BLENDSBIODIESEL BLENDSBIODIESEL BLENDSBIODIESEL BLENDS
For GHG StakeholdersFor GHG Stakeholders
December 9, 2004December 9, 2004
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WHAT IS IT?
• Soy beans are refined to separate the glycerin from the methyl esters -- both useful products.
• The latter (“biodiesel”) is biodegradable, nontoxic, and essentially free of sulfur.
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1. USES in TRANSPORTATION
• Add to petroleum diesel to create a biodiesel blend
• Blends known by % biodiesel -- eg B-5, B-10, B-20
• Can be used in compression-ignition (diesel) engines with little or no modifications
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BIODIESEL AND GLOBAL WARMING
• 1998 biodiesel lifecycle study by US DOE and USDA concluded that biodiesel reduces net CO2 emissions by 78% compared to petroleum diesel due to biodiesel’s closed carbon cycle.
• CO2 released into atmosphere when biodiesel is burned is recycled by growing plants, which are later processed into fuel.
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BIODIESEL EMISSIONS• Using biodiesel in a diesel engine reduces
unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter compared to emissions from diesel fuel
• Also, exhaust emissions of sulfur oxides and sulfates (major components of acid rain) from biodiesel are essentially eliminated compared to diesel
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BIODIESEL EMISSIONSAVERAGE BIODIESEL EMISSIONS COMPARED TO
CONVENTIONAL DIESEL, ACCORDING TO EPA
Emission Type B100 B20
Regulated
Total Unburned Hydrocarbons -67% -20%
Carbon Monoxide -48% -12%
Particulate Matter -47% -12%
Nox +10% +2%
Non-Regulated
Sulfates -100% -20%*
PAH (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons)** -80% -13%
nPAH (nitrated PAH’s)** -90% -50%***
Ozone potential of speciated HC -50% -10%
* Estimated from B100 result
** Average reduction across all compounds measured
*** 2-nitroflourine results were within test method variability
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ENCOURAGING BIODIESEL
• Using biodiesel for vehicle fleets• US EPA grant to 5 school districts to
install pollution controls and use biodiesel
• Warwick will retrofit 40+ busses w. pollution control; and use biodiesel for all 72 busses
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2. USES in SPACE HEATING
• Add to petroleum diesel to create a biofuel blend (“bioheat”)
• Blends known by % biodiesel -- eg B-5, B-10, B-20
• Can be used in furnaces and boilers with little or no modifications, provided the % is not too high (at high BB%s, bioheat’s solvent effect can cause problems)
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Warwick Public School Department
Bio-Fuel/Heating Oil Blending Project
• One Year Project, 03/01 to 02/02.
• Medium to Large Boilers.
• Three Blends –B-10%, B-15% & B-20%
• Monthly Testing Of Boiler Efficiency &
Fuel Characteristics.
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Burner Efficiency & Emissions
Average Test Results of Four (4) Test EventsTest %Efficiency % O2 ppm CO % CO2 ppm NOX Smoke
Control 79.4 8.6 0 9 83 T
20% Blend 78.6 8.6 0 9 67 0+
Thanks for Warwick slides toThanks for Warwick slides toRobert S. CerioRobert S. Cerio
Energy Educator/ManagerEnergy Educator/Manager2401 West Shore Road2401 West Shore RoadWarwick, R.I. 02889Warwick, R.I. 02889
401-734-3219 x 320 – 401-734-3214 fax401-734-3219 x 320 – 401-734-3214 fax
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BIOHEAT FOR HOMES
• Tested in boilers and furnaces at BNL in 2001, NEFI in 2003
• Available in RI through People’s Power & Light program (US DOE grant through RISEO)
• Available on conventional commercial basis from some MA oilheat dealers
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ENCOURAGING BIOHEAT
• Retail price premium of B10 over #2 distillate is currently almost $0.20/gallon
• 2-year federal tax incentive 2005/6 equates to $0.01 per percent of fuel from biodiesel ($0.005 if recycled)