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Bio-LNG and synthetic LNG: future fuels for maritime decarbonisation25 November 2020 • 14:00-14:45 GMT
Marine FuelsWebinar Week
Part of
23-27 November 2020Panellist documents:Page 2: René Sejer Laursen, ABSPage 11: Sebastiaan Bleuanus, WärtsiläPage 17: Carmelo Cartalemi, WinGD
Setting the Course to
Low Carbon Shipping
ABS Global Sustainability
ABS offers solutions for addressing the key sustainability goals of IMO as they relate to vessels, fleets, and managing organizations.
Environmental Excellence
Social Responsibility
Governance – Operational Excellence
2 | Low Carbon Shipping Outlook
ABS Global Sustainability
3 | Low Carbon Shipping Outlook
The Three Fuel Pathways of the Future
Light Gas
Bio/Synthetic
Heavy Gas
4 | Low Carbon Shipping Outlook
5 | Low Carbon Shipping Outlook
Light Gas Pathway: LNG Bunkering Facilities
Source: Sea-LNG
Light Gas Pathway: 2-Stroke Engine Technology
• LNG is resistant to autoignition, requires ignition source in order to be burned in diesel engines: dual-fuel combustion concept
• 2-stroke engine technology:- Low-pressure gas injection (WinGD X-DF)
• Can comply with Tier III NOx emissions regulations
• Methane slip
- High-pressure gas injection (MAN ME-GI)
• Needs aftertreatment to comply with Tier III NOx
• Negligible methane slip
Low Pressure Gas Injection High Pressure Gas Injection
Low Pressure High Pressure
Gas mode cycle type Otto Diesel
Gas injection LP gas admission valves for pre-
mixed gas/air and in-cylinder
compression with diesel pilot
HP gas injection directly to
cylinder with diesel pilot
Gas supply pressure ~5 bar (4-stroke)
<16 bar (2-stroke)
300 bar
Liquid pilot % @MCR 0.5 – 1.0 3.0 – 5.0
BMEP (bar) ~ 16 - 17.5 20.0 – 21.0
Power density 15-30% lower than diesel Equivalent to diesel
• Mid-term development- Synthetic/Renewable Natural Gas (SNG/RNG)
- Similar composition and properties as LNG
- Carbon reduction stems from the use of biomass for the production of SNG/RNG
- Challenges: production scale up and cost
• Long-term development: H2
- High LHV but low volumetric energy density
- Cryogenic of high-pressure storage required
- Compressed at 700 bar has 15% the energy density of HFO
- Ammonia may be used as a hydrogen carrier (discussed later)
- Currently produced primarily from coal and natural gas which makes it carbon intensive; future production will require use of renewable energy for electrolysis or biomass conversion
- Challenges: storage volume, safety and handling, production scale up and cost
Hydrogen production costs in 2030 for different technologies [IEA, 2019]
Carbon intensity of hydrogen production [IEA, 2019]
LNG fuelled ship historical % of the total contract
2S no-LNGC
Historical Forecast
Global Energy System Expected DevelopmentThe transition to lower carbon fuel is led by renewables and natural gas
After 2020• Oil demand is plateauing,but still above 25% share• Natural gas is increasing, reaching 25% share • Renewable is increasing • Coal is decreasing
NOTE: Paris agreement is not meet with this energy mix