Slide 1
Bio 9C: Wednesday, 2.3.10Title: DNA Structure &
FunctionHomework:Read pages 297-299 and take active reading
notes.Summarize how DNA replicates!Read through DNA Modeling LabDo
Now:Study the diagram of Genetic Information in Cells.Answer the
Fill-in-the-Blanks on the back of the diagramTodays
Objectives:Explain how DNA, genes, nucleotides, and chromosomes
relate to each other.Describe the structure of DNA.
Single Block Today1
Introduction to GeneticsDNA: Structure & Function PHA
Biology 9Moretti/ DicksonIntro to Genetics:DNA Structure &
FunctionGenetics: the study of heredityWhat determines an organisms
traits (characteristics)?How are traits passed on from one cell to
another, and from parents to offspring?DNA: the molecule that
carries genetic informationDNA has two important
functions:Replicate make exact copies of itself so it can be passed
onCarry instructions for making proteins that determine your
traitsDNA is found in all cells (in the nucleus in eukaryotic
cells)
Objectives for Class:Explain how DNA, genes, nucleotides, and
chromosomes relate to each other.Describe the structure of DNA.DNA
Structure and Function
What is it?DNA = Deoxyribonucleic AcidWhere do we find it?Found
in the NucleusWhat does it do?Carries your genesCarries information
to make the proteins that make your traits
Objectives for Class:Explain how DNA, genes, nucleotides, and
chromosomes relate to each other.Describe the structure of DNA.
Nucleotide Base PairsDNA ChromosomesGene: Instructions for
making a protein that determines a traitAnother Gene: instructions
for making a different protein that determines a different
trait
DNA Structure and FunctionDNA Structure
Objectives for Class:Explain how DNA, genes, nucleotides, and
chromosomes relate to each other.Describe the structure of DNA.DNA
Structure Building Blocks = NucleotideDeoxyribose
SugarPhosphateNitrogenous Base
Nucleotides put together: Ladder: UncoiledDouble Helix: 2 long
coiled strandsSides: alternating phosphates & sugarsMiddle/
Rungs of ladder: 2 Nitrogenous Bases connected by Hydrogen
bonds
Objectives for Class:Identify
Objectives for Class:Identify
DNA Structure: Nucleotides Bio 9C: Thursday, 2.4.10Title: DNA
Structure & FunctionHomework:Complete Discussion Questions for
Part I of Modeling Lab.
Do Now:Read through the introduction of the lab
Todays Objectives:Explain how DNA, genes, nucleotides, and
chromosomes relate to each other.Describe the structure of
DNA.Explain WHY DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA
replicates.
9DNA Structure: Base Pairing4 Nitrogen Bases: Adenine
GuanineThymine Cytosine
Base Pairing:A ---- TG ---- C
} Purine} Pyrimidine
Objectives for Class:Identify
DNA Model Building Lab: Part IPart I: Constructing DNATo
construct your DNA model, you will need:18 3-prong deoxyribose
centers (black pentagon)18 phosphate straws (white tubes)9 Hydrogen
bond (white rod)5 Adenine (A) straws (orange)4 Guanine (G) straws
(yellow)5 Thymine (T) straws (green)4 Cytosine (C) straws
(blue)Build 18 nucleotides Attaching 1 nitrogenous bases (red,
blue, short green, or gray) and 1 phosphate to 1 deoxyribose
center. Divide the work between partners.Record your DNA Sequence
in the table Use one code letter per box. Corresponding nitrogenous
bases will be opposite each other in the table. You will have to
replicate this sequence, so make certain it is accurate.
Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.DNA
Structure: Images
Objectives for Class:Explain how DNA, genes, nucleotides, and
chromosomes relate to each other.Describe the structure of DNA.
DNA Chromosomes: DNA tightly coiled around little protein balls
(histones) to make it very compact Gene: Instructions for making a
protein that determines a traitAnother Gene: instructions for
making a different protein that determines a different traitDNA and
Chromosomes
Nucleotide Base PairsChromosomes unraveling into DNA DNA
Replication: Overview DNA can make an exact copy of itself!Occurs
every time a cell needs to reproduce(during S-phase of the cell
cycle)
Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY
DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.
Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY
DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.DNA
Replication: Overview Steps of DNA Replication1. DNA Unzips:Enzyme
breaks Hydrogen Bonds between base pairsCreates 2 Complementary
Strands (templates)2. DNA Polymerase moves along original strands
(templates)Nucleotides come from the cytoplasm DNA Polymerase
attaches complimentary bases to both sides of the unzipped strands
(Semi-Conservative).3. Completed: 2 NEW identical strands of DNA
are producedDNA Polymerase proofreads the new strands
Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY
DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.DNA
Replication
Note: The RED Strand is the Original StrandObjectives for
Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY DNA must replicate
and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.DNA Model Building Lab: Part
IIPart II: Replicating DNAAlthough your model is only a short
portion of DNA, its replication is the same as that of an entire
chromosomeReconstruct your original DNA Sequence. Unzip your DNA
sequence by breaking the hydrogen bond between the two nitrogenous
bases. Observe your two separate strands. Using the other pieces in
your kit, create two new strands of DNA nucleotide by nucleotide.
Note that when the DNA molecule splits in half, new complimentary
bases attach to the separated strands creating two new strands of
DNA. Be sure your base pairs match!Be sure to construct your new
DNA strand by adding nucleotides to the original template!
Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY
DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.
How do we know about DNA Structure?Chargaff: A=T and C=GRosalind
Franklin:Actual X-ray of DNAShowed double-helix structureDied young
due to X-rays!Didnt get credit for her contributions pretty messed
up! Watson & Crick: Built a model using this evidence(They got
all of the credit initially)
Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Bio 9C:
Friday, 2.5.10Title: DNA Structure & FunctionThe following
slides are the DNA Replication Slides with audio explanations from
2.5.10 when Mr. Moretti was at a conference.Todays
Objectives:Explain how DNA, genes, nucleotides, and chromosomes
relate to each other.Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY DNA
must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.
20DNA Replication: Overview DNA can make an exact copy of
itself!Occurs every time a cell needs to reproduce(during S-phase
of the cell cycle)
Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY
DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.
Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY
DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.DNA
Replication: Overview
Steps of DNA Replication1. DNA Unzips:Enzyme breaks Hydrogen
Bonds between base pairsCreates 2 Complementary Strands
(templates)2. DNA Polymerase moves along original strands
(templates)Nucleotides come from the cytoplasm DNA Polymerase
attaches complimentary bases to both sides of the unzipped strands
(Semi-Conservative).3. Completed: 2 NEW identical strands of DNA
are producedDNA Polymerase proofreads the new strands
Objectives for Class:Describe the structure of DNA.Explain WHY
DNA must replicate and the 3 steps of HOW DNA replicates.