1 BIO 137 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I SKELETAL SYSTEM LABORATORY I THE SKELETAL SYSTEM •ORGANS •BONES •CARTILAGES •TENDONS •LIGAMENTS • FUNCTIONS • SUPPORT • PROTECTION • MOVEMENT • HEMATOPOIESIS • MINERAL STORE • ENERGY STORE Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath BONES OF THE SKELETON •DIVIDED INTO: •AXIAL •APPENDICULAR Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath BONES OF THE SKELETON CLASSIFIED BY SHAPE •LONG •SHORT •FLAT •IRREGULAR SUBCLASSIFICATIONS SESAMOID SUTURAL/WORMIAN Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath
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BIO 137
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I
SKELETAL SYSTEM LABORATORY I
THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
•ORGANS•BONES•CARTILAGES•TENDONS•LIGAMENTS
•FUNCTIONS•SUPPORT•PROTECTION•MOVEMENT•HEMATOPOIESIS•MINERAL STORE•ENERGY STORE
Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath
BONES OF THE SKELETON•DIVIDED INTO:•AXIAL•APPENDICULAR
Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath
BONES OF THE SKELETONCLASSIFIED BY SHAPE•LONG•SHORT•FLAT •IRREGULAR
SUBCLASSIFICATIONSSESAMOIDSUTURAL/WORMIAN
Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath
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Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath
LONG BONE STRUCTURE
Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath
HISTOLOGY OF BONE:TWO TYPES OF BONE MATRIX
•INORGANIC MATRIX (65%)•HYDROXYAPATITE (PRIMARILY CALCIUM PHOSPHATE)•HARDNESS OR RIGIDITY OF BONE
•COMPACT BONE•HAVERSIAN SYSTEMS•SOLID, DENSE, RIGID•DIAPHYSES OF LONG BONES
•CANCELLOUS (SPONGY) BONE•TRABECULAE OF BONE•RED BONE MARROW FILLS SPACE BETWEEN BONE•FLAT BONES•EPIPHYSES OF LONG BONESCopyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath
COMPACT BONE
COMPACT BONE
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MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF COMPACT BONE: Haversian Systems or Osteons
Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath
THE MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF COMPACT BONE
•THE HAVERSIAN SYSTEM IS THE STRUCTURAL UNIT OF COMPACT BONE•OSTEOCYTES (THAT WERE ONCE OSTEOBLASTS)• LAID DOWN MATRIX (OSTEOCYTES NOW LIVE IN
LACUNAE) IN CONCENTRIC CIRCLES CALLED LAMELLAE •AROUND A CENTRAL HAVERSIAN CANAL•CONTAINING BLOOD VESSELS AND NERVES
Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath
THE MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF COMPACT BONE
•THE HAVERSIAN SYSTEM IS THE STRUCTURAL UNIT OF COMPACT BONE•CANALICULI CONNECT LACUNAE OF
OSTEOCYTES;•Osteocytes communicate through gap
junctions•VOLKMANN’S (PERFORATING) CANALS CONNECT
ADJACENT HAVERSIAN SYSTEMS•HAVERSIAN SYSTEMS ARE CEMENTED
TOGETHER TO FORM COMPACT BONE
Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath
Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath
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Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath
SEM
LM’S OF LABORATORY SLIDES
Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath
COMPACT BONE~LOW~
Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath
COMPACT BONE~HIGH~
OSTEOCYTES IN LACUNAE
MATRIX OF
CALCIUM
PHOSPHATE
AND COLLAGEN
COMPACT BONE
Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath
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Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath
HISTOLOGY OF BONE: Two Types of Bone Matrix
•COMPACT BONE•HAVERSIAN SYSTEMS•SOLID, DENSE, RIGID•DIAPHYSES OF LONG BONES
•CANCELLOUS (SPONGY) BONE•TRABECULAE OF
BONE•RED BONE MARROW
FILLS SPACE BETWEEN BONE•FLAT BONES•EPIPHYSES OF LONG
BONES
Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath
Copyright 2016 Dr. Mary Cat Flath
CANCELLOUS
BONE
FLAT BONE STRUCTURE
•TWO THIN LAYERS OF COMPACT BONE SURROUNDING SPONGY (CANCELLOUS) BONE