Binary Molecular Compounds
Dec 16, 2015
Binary Molecular Compounds
• Binary molecular compounds are composed of two different nonmetals – examples: CO, SO2, N2H4, P4Cl10
• These compounds are named by using a prefix to indicate the number of atoms of each element present (see table in notebook ).
• The prefix mono- is often omitted especially when the first element would have the prefix mono-
CO• (example: CO is named
carbon monoxide, not monocarbon monoxide).
• NF3 is nitrogen trifluoride
• N2O4 is dinitrogen tetroxide (Note: dropped an 'a')
• P4S10 is tetraphosphorous decasulfide
Name the following compounds: NF3 N2O4 P4S10
• dichlorine heptaoxide is Cl2O7
• carbon hexasulfide is CS6
• octaphosphorous pentaoxide is P8O5
Write formulas for the following compounds: • dichlorine heptaoxide• carbon hexasulfide • octaphosphorous pentaoxide
Acids
• Acids are compounds that give off hydrogen ions, (H+) when dissolved in water. When a compound has hydrogen as its cation the substance is generally an acid – Examples: HCl, H2SO4, H3PO3
• The rules for naming acids are based on the anion portion of the acid formula.
Rules for Naming Acids
• The names of acids are based on the ending of the anion name.– Examples: HCl, H2SO4, H3PO3
Rules for Naming Acids
• The names of acids are based on the ending of the anion name.– Examples: HCl, H2SO4, H3PO3
• Cl‾ = chloride
Rules for Naming Acids
• The names of acids are based on the ending of the anion name.– Examples: HCl, H2SO4, H3PO3
• Cl‾ = chloride
• SO42‾ = sulfate
Rules for Naming Acids
• The names of acids are based on the ending of the anion name.– Examples: HCl, H2SO4, H3PO3
• Cl‾ = chloride
• SO42‾ = sulfate
• PO33‾ = phophite
Rules for Naming Acids
Anion ending Example Acid name Example
-ide Cl- (chloride) hydro-(stem)-ic acid hydrochloric acid
-ate SO42- (sulfate) (stem)-ic acid sulfuric acid
-ite PO33- (phosphite) (stem)-ous acid phosphorous acid
Write formulas for the following acids
• chromic acid
• hydroiodic acid
• chlorous acid
H2CrO4
HI
HClO2