BIHAR & JHARKHAND | [email protected]

�� BIHAR & JHARKHANDBIHAR & JHARKHAND

0.0-0.50.5-1.01.0-1.51.5-2.0>2.0

A profile of wetlands in Bihar and Jharkhand

DISTRICT GEOGRAPHICAL WETLAND EXTENT PER CENT OF2 2AREA (Km ) (Km ) GEOGRAPHICAL AREA

UNDER WETLANDS

AURANGABAD 3305 N.A. 0.00

BEGUSARAI 1918 42.48 2.21

BHAGALPUR 2569 103.10 4.01

BHOJPUR 2474 6.25 0.25

CHHAPRA 2641 169.25 6.41

DARBHANGA 2279 4.98 0.22

DEVGHAR 2479 N.A. 0.00

DHANBAD 2052 20.62 1.00

DUMKA 6212 N.A 0.00

GAYA 4976 N.A. 0.00

GIRIDIH 4975 126.25 2.54

GODDA 2110 1.87 0.09

GOPALGANJ 2033 43.05 2.12

GUMLA 9077 6.24 0.07

HAZARIBAG 6147 56.87 0.93

KATIHAR 3057 62.39 2.04

KHAGARIA 1486 45.60 3.07

LOHARDAGA 1491 N.A. 0.00

MADHEPURA 1788 N.A. 0.00

MADHUBANI 3501 21.85 0.62

MUNGER 1419 11.26 0.79

MUZAFFARPUR 3172 117.22 3.70

NALANDA 2355 N.A. 0.00

NAWADA 2494 1.25 0.05

PALAMU 8705 23.07 0.27

PASHCHIM CHAMPARAN 5228 65.59 1.25

PATNA 3202 16.88 0.53

PURBA CHAMPARAN 3968 158.79 4.00

PURNIA 7943 46.76 0.59

RANCHI 7698 26.86 0.35

ROHTAS 3851 N.A. 0.00

SAHARSA 1702 33.73 1.98

SAHIBGANJ 1599 11.23 0.70

SAMASTIPUR 2904 171.20 5.90

SINGHBHUM 13440 6.25 0.05

SITAMARHI 2200 85.48 3.89

SIWAN 2219 89.92 4.05

Habitat features

Bihar and Jharkhand have 759 wetlands of the size 56.25 ha 2

and above, covering an area of 1680.56 km (BRSAC & SAC,

1998). The wetlands constitute 1.03% of the total geographic

area of the state.

Maps on integrated land use and wetlands for five districts

are prepared. The study shows that in the five districts, there

are 3,666 wetlands of two ha. and above covering 996.01 2

km . These are shown in pages 27 to 31.

BiodiversityEndemics Critically Endangered Vulnerable Threatened Near Least

Endangered Threatened Concerned

Aquatic Plants 5 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A.

Fishes N.A. N.A. 5 14 19 N.A. N.A.

Turtles N.A. 1 2 6 N.A. 3 2

Birds N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 3 3 N.A.

Prioritized SitesNumber of Prioritized Wetlands Rank 1 Rank 2

42 3 3 36

Three wetlands are qualified to be declared as Ramsar sites (Page 215) .

Data Deficient

©SACON 2004

Maps not to scale

ACON

� � � � � �� ! � � � � �Aerial extent of wetland cover

Per cent geographic area under wetlands"#$#%#$ &#

Dense Forest

Open Forest

Arable Land

Waste Land

River

Township

Pond/Tank

Reservoir

Oxbow Lake/Cut-off

Railways

District Bhagalpur, Bihar

Band Combination: 3, 2, 1IRS ID LISS III (December 2000)

District Boundary

Integrated wetland and land use map

Regional Remote Sensing Service Centre, Kharagpur and Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Coimbatore ©SACON 2004

Maps not to scale

Integrated wetland type and land use

ACON

Location

Wetland type and aquatic vegetation

Wetland Aquatic VegetationLegend

Taluks/Tehsils

Wetland type and turbidity

False colour composite

TurbidityLegend Wetland

* Not Present

27Inland Wetlands of India - Conservation Atlas Bihar & Jharkhand

Taluks/Tehsil Boundary

Water-logged

Coastal-water

Marsh/Mud

Sand

Others

Roads

Dense Forest

Open Forest

Arable Land

Waste Land

River

Township

Pond/Tank

Reservoir

Oxbow Lake/Cut-off

Water-logged

Coastal-water

Marsh/Mud

Sand

Orchard

Roads

Railways

Tehsil Boundary

District Boundary

District East Champaran, Bihar

Band Combination: 3, 2, 1IRS ID LISS III (December 2000)


ACONRegional Remote Sensing Service Centre, Kharagpur and Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Coimbatore©SACON 2004

Maps not to scale

Integrated wetland and land use mapLocation



Taluks/Tehsils



Legend Wetland

* Not Present

Turbidity

28 Inland Wetlands of India - Conservation AtlasBihar & Jharkhand

Dense Forest

Open Forest

Arable Land

Pond/Tank

Reservoir

Oxbow Lake/Cut-off

Water-logged

Coastal-water

Marsh/Mud

Sand

Roads

Railways

* Not Present

District Muzaffarpur, Bihar

Band Combination: 3, 2, 1IRS ID LISS III November, 2000)

River

Waste Land

Township



Maps not to scale


ACON

Location



Taluks/Tehsils



Legend Wetland Turbidity

29Inland Wetlands of India - Conservation Atlas Bihar & Jharkhand

District Boundary

Dense Forest

Open Forest

Arable Land

Waste Land

River

Township

Pond/Tank

Reservoir

Oxbow Lake/Cut-off

Water-logged

Coastal-water

Marsh/Mud

Sand

Roads

Railways

District Boundary

* Not Present

District Saran (Chhapra), Bihar

Band Combination: 3, 2, 1IRS ID LISS III November, 2000)


ACONRegional Remote Sensing Service Centre, Kharagpur and Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Coimbatore©SACON 2004

Maps not to scale

Integrated wetland and land use mapLocation



Taluks/Tehsils




30 Inland Wetlands of India - Conservation AtlasBihar & Jharkhand

District Vaishali (Hajipur), Bihar

Dense Forest

Open Forest

Arable Land

Waste Land

River

Township

Pond/Tank

Reservoir

Oxbow Lake/Cut-off

Water-logged

Coastal-water

Marsh/Mud

Sand

Others

Roads

District Boundary

* Not Present

Band Combination: 3, 2, 1 IRS ID-LISS III Data (November, 2000)

Railways



Maps not to scale


ACON

Location



Taluks/Tehsils




31Bihar & JharkhandInland Wetlands of India - Conservation Atlas

'( ) * + , - ) ( . ) / 0 * , - 1 , 2 ) 0 ) 3 / - 1 2 /( 1 3 / 24 5 6 7 6 8 9 : ; < 6 = > ? 5 6 @ 9 6 ; 6 A B : C 6 D D 6 ; 9 : ; E 6 ; 6 A F 6 G = 5 6 8 GH IJ KL IM KJNOPQRS NS O T U ; V U A > 7 U W 7 ; 6 9 5 G V 6 8 6 ; U 64 5 6 7 6 8 9 : ; < 6 = > ? 5 6 @ 9 6 ; 6 A B : C 6 D D 6 ; 9 : ; E 6 ; 6 A F 6 G = 5 6 8 GH IJ KL IM KJNOPQRS NS O T U ; V U A > 7 U W 7 ; 6 9 5 G V 6 8 6 ; U 6

' ( ) * + , - ) ( - 1 X X ) ( ) , / . ) / 0 * , - 3 0 * 2 2 ) 2 1 , 2 ) 0 ) 3 / - 1 2 /( 1 3 / 2Y Z [\ [ ] _ a [ b c d Z [ e [ ` [ f g_ h [ i i [ ` ^_ j [ ` [ f k [ l b Z [ ] lm n o p q n r p ostuvwx s y z ` { z f c | i c | c [ ] \ z |\ [ Z l { [ ] [ ` z [}~ �� ~ �� ~ ��

Y Z [\ [ ] _ a [ b c d Z [ e [ ` [ f g_ h [ i i [ ` ^_ j [ ` [ f k [ l b Z [ ] lm n o p q n r p ostuvwx s y z ` { z f c | i c | c [ ] \ z |\ [ Z l { [ ] [ ` z [}~ �� ~ �� ~ ��

� �� ¡ ¢ ¢ ¢£ ¢ ¢¤ ¢ ¢¥ ¢ ¢¦ ¢ ¢ § © ª« ¬ ® « ° ±² ³ ´µ

¶ ·² ² ±¹ ¬ º² µ ° » ·² ©¹ ² ¬² ³ ¼ ½² ® ®² ¬¹ ¬ ¾² ¬² ³ ¿² Àµ ·² ± ÀÁ ÂÃ ÄÅ ÂÆ ÄÃÇ È ÉÊ Ë É · ² ÌÍ È ÉÊ Ë ÉÎ Ï Ð Ð ·² Ì Í Ï Ð ÐÎ Ë Ð Ð ·²ÌÍ Ë Ð ÐÎ Ñ Ð Ð ·² ÌÍ Ñ Ð ÐÎ Ò Ð Ð ·² Ì Í Ò Ð ÐÎ È Ð Ð ·²ÌÍ È Ð Ð ·²¡ ¢ ¢ ¢£ ¢ ¢¤ ¢ ¢¥ ¢ ¢¦ ¢ ¢ § © ª« ¬ ® « ° ±² ³ ´µ

¶ ·² ² ±¹ ¬ º² µ ° » ·² ©¹ ² ¬² ³ ¼ ½² ® ®² ¬¹ ¬ ¾² ¬² ³ ¿² Àµ ·² ± ÀÁ ÂÃ ÄÅ ÂÆ ÄÃÇ È ÉÊ Ë É · ² ÌÍ È ÉÊ Ë ÉÎ Ï Ð Ð ·² Ì Í Ï Ð ÐÎ Ë Ð Ð ·²ÌÍ Ë Ð ÐÎ Ñ Ð Ð ·² ÌÍ Ñ Ð ÐÎ Ò Ð Ð ·² Ì Í Ò Ð ÐÎ È Ð Ð ·²ÌÍ È Ð Ð ·²Ç È ÉÊ Ë É · ² ÌÍ È ÉÊ Ë ÉÎ Ï Ð Ð ·² Ì Í Ï Ð ÐÎ Ë Ð Ð ·²ÌÍ Ë Ð ÐÎ Ñ Ð Ð ·² ÌÍ Ñ Ð ÐÎ Ò Ð Ð ·² Ì Í Ò Ð ÐÎ È Ð Ð ·²ÌÍ È Ð Ð ·²

ÓÔ Õ Ö × Ø × ÙÚ Û Ü Ù ÙÝ Õ Þ × Þ ß Ý à Ý á Ù Ø × ß Ù Õ × á Ù ßâ ã ã

ä åæ çæ èé ê ë ìæ í î ï åæ ðé æ ëæ ñ ò ê óæ ô ôæ ëé ê ë õæ ëæ ñ öæ ÷ í åæ è ÷ø ùú ûü ùý ûúãþ ãÿ ã� ã� ã �� ë �� ñ î � ô �� î èæ ñ � æ ë� æ � �� â ã ãä åæ çæ èé ê ë ìæ í î ï åæ ðé æ ëæ ñ ò ê óæ ô ôæ ëé ê ë õæ ëæ ñ öæ ÷ í åæ è ÷ø ùú ûü ùý ûúãþ ãÿ ã� ã� ã �� ë �� ñ î � ô �� î èæ ñ � æ ë� æ � ��

�� ! � � "# � � # � ! �� " �# �$ � � �#% &' (' )* + , -' . / 0 &' 1* ' ,' 2 3 + 4' 5 5' ,* + , 6' ,' 2 7' 8 . &' ) 89 :; <= :> <;?@ ?A ?B ?C ? DE = > E F <G HI E < JK F L K = E K DG G = MG LE = K <E N :O P% &' (' )* + , -' . / 0 &' 1* ' ,' 2 3 + 4' 5 5' ,* + , 6' ,' 2 7' 8 . &' ) 89 :; <= :> <;?@ ?A ?B ?C ? DE = > E F <G HI E < JK F L K = E K DG G = MG LE = K <E N :O P

QR S T U V S W X Y Y S T T S Z S W W [\ ] [ ] W S ^ S Z _ [ W _ T [ Z _ Wa bc dc ef g h ij k l m nj o pj qj r s g tc u uc hf g h vc hc w xc yz bc e y{| {} {~ {� { � h �� wz � � w h � �z z y � w � � �� a bc dc ef g h ij k l m nj o pj qj r s g tc u uc hf g h vc hc w xc yz bc e y{| {} {~ {� {� ��

Attributes of wetlands and environmental contamination

©SACON 2004

Maps not to scale

ACON

� � � � � � � � �� ¡ � �¢ � � � £ �¤ � � � �¥ � � � � ¦ � � � � �32

Wetlands

The areas under wetlands in the five districts vary from 2.71% (East Champaran) to 11.43% (Vaishali). The major type of wetland in all the districts, except for Saran, is waterlogged. In Saran, ponds and lakes are dominant while in Vaishali also they occupy a substantial area. It is notable that in all the five districts, there is a preponderance of smaller wetlands of the size less than 56.25 ha.

Turbidity

Wetlands in all the districts, except for those in Saran have medium turbidity. They are of low turbidity in Saran while those in Muzaffarpur have almost equal proportion of medium and high turbidity. The medium and high values of turbidity indicate higher level of sedimentation.

Summer recession of water

The summer recession was the highest in Bhagalpur, while it was the lowest in Muzaffarpur, at 16.86%.

Bihar & Jharkhand

Ach

arya

Inland Wetlands of India - Conservation Atlas

Ach

arya

B.S

inha

33

§ © ª © « ª¬ ® ® ¬ «¬ « ° © ° ± « ± « ² ³ ¬ °´ ° ³ © « ª ²µ ¶ · ¸ · ¹ º · »¼ · ½ ¾ · ¸ ¿ À ÁÂ Ã Ä Ä Å ÆÇ È É Å¾ · ¶ Ê Â ¾ Ë ¸ À Ì ·¼ · ¸ À Ì · ¸ Í Î ¸ º À » ¶ · Á · Ï ËÐ Ñ ½ · ¿ Ë Ë ÁÒ· Ó · ¸ À ¿ · ½ Ô · Ï ËÕ · À Ö ¾ Ñ ¶ Ê · » Õ · Á · Ì º · »×· ¶ Ø ¾ Ë Ö Ê · »ÙÀ Ö · ¸ · » Í Î ¸ Á · Ï ËÙÎ Ï ¾ · Á Ê · ¸ À º · »Ú À ÀÁ · Ì · Ê · »ÛÜÝÞßà Û á â ã ä å ã æ ç è æ é â ã é ã ê ê ë ìí î ï ðñ ò òí óµ ¶ · ¸ · ¹ º · »¼ · ½ ¾ · ¸ ¿ À ÁÁ Â ¾ Ë ¸ ÀÀ Ì ·¼ · ¸ À Ì · ¸ Í Î ¸ º À » ¶ · Á · Ï ËÐ Ñ ½ · ¿ Ë Ë ÁÒ· Ó · ¸ À ¿ · ½ Ô · Ï ËÕ · À Ö ¾ Ñ ¶ Ê · » Õ · Á · Ì º · »×· ¶ Ø ¾ Ë Ö Ê · »ÙÀ Ö · ¸ · » Í Î ¸ Á · Ï ËÙÎ Ï ¾ · Á Ê · ¸ À º · » Ì · Ê · »ÛÜÝÞßà Û á â ã ä å ã æ ç è æ é â ã é ã ê ê ë ìí î ï ðñ ò òí óôõ ö ÷ ø ù ú û ü ù õ ý ø þ õ þ ÿ ý �� þ ÿ ý ø � ÷ õ ý ù� ÿ � þ � ü ÷ ø � ÿ� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� ! � �"� � � � �# � � � � � � � � � � � �� $$% &$% '$% ($% )$% *+,- ./- 012 03 ,-3- 445

� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� ! � � # � � � � � � � � � � � �� $$% &$% '$% ($% )$% *+,- ./- 012 03 ,-3- 44567 8 9 9: ; : < = : 8 < >? >@ A B : > A @ < C @ ; : @ D EF G 8 < H : A : = > C 8 H > ; 8 = > HI J K L K M N O P Q K R S T J K U N K P K V W O X K Y Y K P N O P Z K P K V [ K \ R J K M \] _ `a ^b `_cd ce c ce d cf c cf d cg c c hi j k lm no pqh r s e t t e uqh r v w s f c c e uI J K L K M N O P Q K R S T J K U N K P K V W O X K Y Y K P N O P Z K P K V [ K \ R J K M \] _ `a ^b `_cd ce c ce d cf c cf d cg c c hi j k lm no pqh r s e t t e uqh r v w s f c c e u

xy z{ | y } ~ { � y � � | y } � � � } � � � �� { � y � ~ � { } � y � � � � � � � � � y � � � � � � �� ¡ � � � � ¡ � � � �¢ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �£ � � � � � � � � � � � � � �£ � � � � � � � � � � � � �¤ � � � � � � � � � � � � � ¥ � � � � � � �¦¦§ ¨¦§ ©¦§ ª¦§ «¬®¯°®±²³±´®´® µµ¶� � � � � � � � � � � � � � �� ¡ � � � � ¡ � � � �¢ � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �£ � � � � � � � � � � � � � �£ � � � � � � � � � � � � �¤ � � � � � � � � � � � � � ¥ � � � � � � �¦¦§ ¨¦§ ©¦§ ª¦§ «¬®¯°®±²³±´®´® µµ¶

Attributes of wetlands and environmental contamination

©SACON 2004

Maps not to scale

ACON

· ¹ º » ¼ ¹ º ½¾ ¿ ÀÁ ¾ ÂÃ Á Ä Á ¿ º À Å Ã ¹ Ã Æ Ç È ¿ É Ê È ÀË Á È ¹ Ì ºÍ À Ã Á ÇÎ ½ Ã º » Ï È À Ã Á ¾

Pesticides

Fishes from Sukhaldari dam of Garhwa district and Cheriya Bariyarpur of Begusarai district have the maximum load of total average concentration of organochlorine pesticides followed by Chandil reservoir and Tilaiya dam. The least concentrations recorded in Bhaghar beel of Katihar district and Dimna lake of Singbhum district. Of the 12 species analyzed, Heteropneustes fossilis and Puntius sophore are recorded the maximum load of total organochlorine residues followed by Puntius dorsalis. Both Labeo rohita and Channa punctatus recorded the lowest. Among differentorganochlorine residues, BHC, p,p'-DDT and endosulfan are higher in concentrations and variation in concentrationsrecorded among the species was statistically significant. It is also reported that the pesticide consumption in Bihar is about 1322 mt/year.According to a report from ICAR 19.2% of the bovine's milk tested in Bihar was contaminated with DDT.

Heavy metals

On an average, among the wetlands, Sukhaldari dam and Baghar beel recorded maximum concentrations of copper and lead respectively. Levels of metals in all other wetlands were not harmful. Among the fish species, Puntiusdorsalis recorded the maximum concentrations of zinc and cadmium while Channa punctatus recorded maximum concentrations of lead. Although detectable levels of other metals have been recorded, they are below permissible levels.

Inland Wetlands of India - Conservation Atlas Bihar & Jharkhand

Ð Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ ÔÒ Ö ×Ø Ù Ú Û ÜÝ

Þß à á â ãß ä à åæ ç è ä à ã é è à ä é ç è é è êß åß æ ä ê ëß æ éß ê ç ì ì é ê íß êî ï ð ñ ð ò ó ô ò ó õ ö ÷ ï ô õ òø ù ð ï ï ð ú û ÷ ô ï ó ð ü ÷ òø ù ð ï ï ð ý õ ï þ ó ð ó õ òø ù ð ï ï ð ò ó û ÷ ð ó õ òø ü ð û ÷ ð ò ñ ð ó û ð þ ù õ òÿ ô ó ô û ú ý ï ô õ ò ó ô ò � ú ò ò ÷ ü ÷ ò� ð ñ ô ú û ú ù ÷ ó ð� � ò ó õ ò � ÷ ó ó ð ó õ ò� ú ó ú ý ó ô û õ ò ï ú ó ú ý ó ô û õ ò� õ ï ó ÷ õ ò ö ú û ò ð ü ÷ ò� õ ï ó ÷ õ ò ò ú ý ù ú û ô�� ! � � " �# $î ï ð ñ ð ò ó ô ò ó õ ö ÷ ï ô õ òø ù ð ï ï ð ú û ÷ ô ï ó ð ü ÷ òø ù ð ï ï ð ý õ ï þ ó ð ó õ òø ù ð ï ï ð ò ó û ÷ ð ó õ òø ü ð û ÷ ð ò ñ ð ó û ð þ ù õ òÿ ô ó ô û ú ý ï ô õ ò ó ô ò � ú ò ò ÷ ü ÷ ò� ð ñ ô ú û ú ù ÷ ó ð� � ò ó õ ò � ÷ ó ó ð ó õ ò� ú ó ú ý ó ô û õ ò ï ú ó ú ý ó ô û õ ò� õ ï ó ÷ õ ò ö ú û ò ð ü ÷ ò� õ ï ó ÷ õ ò ò ú ý ù ú û ô�� ! � � " �# $

%& ' ( ) * + , ) - . / - ) / / - 0 . * 1 /

Prioritized inland wetlands of Bihar and Jharkhand

Prioritized Wetland Biogeographic Provinces

Rank 1

Rank 2

Data Not Available

Important Bird Areas

BCPP Sites

Wildlife Sanctuaries & National Parks

6A, Deccan Peninsula-Central Highlands

6B, Deccan Peninsula-Chotta Nagpur

7A, Gangetic Plain-Upper Gangetic Plain

7B, Gangetic Plain-Lower Gangetic Plain

District Boundaries

Prioritized wetlands, Important Bird Areas,

Biodiversity conservation prioritizationproject sites, Wildlife sanctuaries,National Parks and Ramsar sites

inBihar and Jharkhand

PRIORITIZED SITE DISTRICT LATITUDE LONGITUDE NEAREST TOWN BIODIVERSITY SOCIO-ECONOMIC BIO-GEOGRAPHIC

RANK USE GRADE PROVINCE

ANRAJ DAM GARHWA 235900 834700 RANKA TOWN N.A. M 6B

BAGHAR BEEL KATIHAR 234000 843300 KATHIAR 2 M 6B

BARAUNI BEGUSARAI 252400 855500 BEGUSARAI N.A. H 7B

BATANE DAM PALAMAU 245100 841900 DHURKI N.A. H 7B

CHAND SHAHAR LAKE SAHIBGANJ 250330 875330 CHAND SAGAR 2 L 7B

CHANDIL RESERVOIR WEST SINGBHUM 225800 860300 N.A. N.A. M 6B

CHERIYA BARIYARPUR BEGUSARAI 253000 854000 BEGUSARAI N.A. H 7B

DIMNA DAM WEST SINGBHUM 224930 855730 N.A. N.A. M 6B

GOGA BEEL KATIHAR 234030 843330 KATHIAR 1 M 6B

HATIYA DAM RANCHI 225500 851000 RANCHI N.A. L 6B

JAGATPUR LAKE BHAGALPUR 251500 802000 BHAGALPUR 1 L 7B

KANKE DAM RANCHI 235500 861000 RANCHI N.A. L 6B

KHARAGPUR JHEEL MUNGER 245500 861500 HAWELI KHARAGPUR 1 H 7B

MALAY DAM PALAMAU 240200 840400 DALTONGANJ N.A. L 6B

RUKKA DAM RANCHI 245500 871000 RANCHI N.A. L 7B

SITARAMPUR DAM EAST SINGBHUM 223200 862630 N.A. N.A. L 6B

SUKHALDARI DAM GARHWA 241100 835300 GARHWA TOWN N.A. L 6B

UDHUWA NALA SAHIBGANJ 250300 875300 RAJMAHAL 2 H 7B

Note:- In Fatua Chandan, Hanumana, Indrapuri, Mora tal, Moti jheel, Mawda dam, Birpur-Sipaul-Kosi barrage, Kosi east & west, Kajra Ararja, Maithon dam, Tilaiya dam, Disha-Patha, Rajauli, Darong tal, Surya Pokhar, Mehdar, Khemaith, Kesaria, Brahmaputra, Hardia, Bhimbandh,

Kursela and Amarpur information is not available; N.A.-Not Available/Data deficient; L-Low,M-Medium, H-High.

34

©SACON 2004

Maps not to scale

ACONSálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Coimbatore

Inland Wetlands of India - Conservation AtlasBihar & Jharkhand

S. A

. H

ussain

BIHAR & JHARKHAND | [email protected]

Documents