BIG Ecology Test Tomorrow ecology biosphere abiotic factor biotic factor population ecosystem habitat Niche symbiosis commensalism mutualism parasitism.

BIG Ecology Test Tomorrow

ecologybiosphereabiotic factorbiotic factorpopulationecosystemhabitatNichesymbiosiscommensalis

mmutualismparasitism

autotrophheterotrophdecomposerfood chaintrophic level food webenergy

limiting factortolerancesuccessionprimary successionclimax communitysecondary

successioncommunityhuman impactpollution

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Ecology Review

Questions

Multiple Choice

The natural world that surrounds an organism is called the organism’s:

a. energy

b. environment

c. lodgings

d. nutrients

Multiple Choice

The study of how living things interact is called:

a. ecosystems

b. abiotic factors

c. ecology

d. the energy pyramid

Multiple Choice

The source of energy for almost all life on Earth is:

a. fungi

b. animals

c. water

d. sunlight

Multiple Choice

An example of a biotic factor in a forest ecosystem is:

a. waterfall

b. cliff

c. a tree

d. a rock

Multiple Choice

An ecosystem is made up of:

a. living things only

b. physical environment only

c. living things and the physical environment

d. living things and decaying matter

Multiple Choice

In an energy pyramid, the bottom level represents:

a. consumers

b. producers

c. scavengers

d. decomposers

Multiple Choice

An example of a consumer in a pond ecosystem is:

a. a water lily

b. algae

c. a reed

d. a frog

Multiple Choice

Which of these food chains is in the correct order?

a. caterpillar, cattail, frog, water snake

b. cattail, caterpillar, frog, water snake

c. water snake, frog, caterpillar, cattail

d. cattail, frog, caterpillar, water snake

Multiple Choice

Ecology is the study of how:

a. the physical environment changes over time

b. biotic factors change over time

c. matter interacts with energy in our environment

d. living things interact with each other and their environment

Multiple Choice

An example of a biotic factor in a pond ecosystem is:

a. temperature

b. water

c. fish

d. sunlight

Multiple Choice

An example of a producer is a:

a. fungus

b. caterpillar

c. bird

d. moss

Multiple Choice

Both consumers and producers are a source of food for:

a. scavengers

b. decomposers

c. carnivores

d. herbivores

Multiple Choice

In an energy pyramid, the lowest level has:

a. less energy than the top level

b. less energy than the second level

c. more energy than the top level

d. the same amount of energy as the second level

Multiple Choice

A scientist who studies the interactions of plants and animals is called:

a. a physicist

b. a botanist

c. a geologist

d. an ecologist

Multiple Choice

A food chains shows:

a. one possible pathway for energy

b. many possible pathways for energy

c. the amount of energy available to a producer

d. the amount of energy available to a consumer

Multiple Choice

Decomposers are important to ecosystems because they:

a. are at the highest level of the energy pyramid

b. change simple compounds into more complex ones

c. make nutrients available for producers to reuse

d. convert light energy into sugars through photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

Which of the following factors in an ecosystem is biotic?

a. insects

b. soil

c. water

d. sunlight

Multiple Choice

Two abiotic factors that affect an ecosystem are:

a. temperature and animals

b. plants and animals

c. water and bacteria

d. soil and water

Multiple Choice

Two examples of decomposers are:

a. fungi and bacteria

b. algae and marine mammals

c. carnivores and herbivores

d. ferns and mosses

Multiple Choice

A caterpillar eats a leaf, and a bird eats the caterpillar. In this interaction, the bird is a:

a. producer

b. herbivore

c. primary consumer

d. secondary consumer

Multiple Choice

How is a food web model different from a food chain?

a. In a web, energy moves from an organism to only one other.

b. In a web, energy may move to many organisms from one.

c. In a web, an organism gets energy from one source.

d. In a web, an organism receives less energy than in a chain.

Multiple Choice

When a rabbit population in a meadow cannot grow any larger, it has reached the:

a. climax community

b. carrying capacity

c. limiting factor

d. minimum size

Multiple Choice

Which list of terms is in the correct order, from simplest to most complex?

a. organism, community, population, ecosystem, biome

b. organism, population, community, biome, ecosystem

c. organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome

d. organism, community, ecosystem, population, biome

Multiple Choice

A population of rabbits is at its carrying capacity when the population:

a. reproduces

b. becomes extinct

c. stops growing

d. can’t survive

Multiple Choice

An unusually cold winter causes the squirrel population to decrease. This is an example of temperature as a:

a. carrying capacity

b. limiting factor

c. climax community

d. pattern in space

Multiple Choice

All the living things in a meadow and the physical environment around them make up the meadow’s:

a. community

b. population

c. ecosystem

d. niche

Multiple Choice

A crab lives on a beach where it gets food, shelter, and space to live. The beach is the crab’s:

a. niche

b. community

c. habitat

d. home

Multiple Choice

All the leopard frogs in a pond make up the pond’s leopard frog:

a. population

b. niche

c. habitat

d. ecosystem

Multiple Choice

Biodiversity is a measure of the:a. variety of nonliving things within

an ecosystemb. amount of resources shared by

the human population.c. Variety of species within an

ecosystem.d. Amount of renewable resources

within an ecosystem.

Multiple Choice

Biotic factors in an ecosystem may include:

a. bacteria, soil, and water

b. plants, animals, and bacteria

c. temperature, water, and soil

d. animals, fungi, and temperature

Multiple Choice

An animal that eats only plants is a:

a. primary consumer

b. secondary consumer

c. tertiary consumer

d. primary producer

Multiple Choice

An example of a biotic factor is:

a. soil

b. a rock

c. water

d. a tree

Multiple Choice

A snake that eats an insect-eating frog is a:

a. primary consumer

b. secondary consumer

c. tertiary consumer

d. primary producer

Fill in the Blank

A(n) ___________________________ is made up of both living things and the physical environment.

An ecosystem is made up of both living things and the physical environment.

Fill in the Blank

__________________________ is the study of how living things interact with each other and their environment.

Ecology is the study of how living things interact with each other and their environment.

Fill in the Blank

Living things in an ecosystem are ________________________ factors.

Living things in an ecosystem are biotoic factors.

Fill in the Blank

Nonliving things in an ecosystem are __________________________ factors.

Nonliving things in an ecosystem are abiotioc factors.

Fill in the Blank

The __________________________ of an environment is the maximum population that it can support.

The carrying capacity of an environment is the maximum population that it can support.

True or False?

Organisms in soil are an example of abiotic factors.

FALSE

True or False?

The amount of light available in an ecosystem affects the types and amount of plant life that will grow there.

TRUE

True or False?

Plants use energy to make sugars through photosynthesis.

TRUE

True or False?

An ecosystem is composed of biotic factors.

FALSE

Biotic factors AND abiotic factors.

True or False?

In a species, the organisms’ offspring must be able to breed.

TRUE

True or False?

The same niche in a habitat may be occupied by more than one species.

TRUE

Matching_____ Producer a. made up of many overlapping food

chains_____Consumer b. organism that converts heat or light energy

into chemical energy_____Decomposerc. shows how energy is lost as it is transferred

up the food chain_____Food Chain d. organism that gets its energy by eating

plants or animals_____Food Web e. shows one set of feeding relationships

between a producer and several consumers

_____Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and animals into simpler compounds

Matching__B__ Producer a. made up of many overlapping food chains_____Consumer b. organism that converts heat or light energy

into chemical energy_____Decomposerc. shows how energy is lost as it is transferred

up the food chain_____Food Chain d. organism that gets its energy by eating

plants or animals_____Food Web e. shows one set of feeding relationships

between a producer and several consumers

_____Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and animals into simpler compounds

A producer is an organism that converts heat or light energy into chemical energy.

Matching__B__ Producer a. made up of many overlapping food chains__D__ Consumer b. organism that converts heat or light energy

into chemical energy_____ Decomposer c. shows how energy is lost as it is

transferred up the food chain_____ Food Chain d. organism that gets its energy by eating

plants or animals_____ Food Web e. shows one set of feeding relationships

between a producer and several consumers

_____ Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and animals into simpler compounds

A consumer is an organism that gets its energy by eating plants or animals.

Matching__B__ Producer a. made up of many overlapping food chains__D__ Consumer b. organism that converts heat or light energy

into chemical energy__F__ Decomposer c. shows how energy is lost as it is

transferred up the food chain_____ Food Chain d. organism that gets its energy by eating

plants or animals_____ Food Web e. shows one set of feeding relationships

between a producer and several consumers

_____ Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and animals into simpler compounds

A decomposer is an organism that breaks down dead plants and animals into simpler compounds.

Matching__B__ Producer a. made up of many overlapping food chains__D__ Consumer b. organism that converts heat or light energy

into chemical energy__F__ Decomposer c. shows how energy is lost as it is

transferred up the food chain__E__ Food Chain d. organism that gets its energy by eating

plants or animals_____ Food Web e. shows one set of feeding relationships

between a producer and several consumers

_____ Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and animals into simpler compounds

A food chain shows one set of feeding relationships between a producer and several consumers.

.

Matching__B__ Producer a. made up of many overlapping food chains__D__ Consumer b. organism that converts heat or light energy

into chemical energy__F__ Decomposer c. shows how energy is lost as it is

transferred up the food chain__E__ Food Chain d. organism that gets its energy by eating

plants or animals__A__ Food Web e. shows one set of feeding relationships

between a producer and several consumers

_____ Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and animals into simpler compounds

A food web is made up of many overlapping food chains.

Matching__B__ Producer a. made up of many overlapping food chains__D__ Consumer b. organism that converts heat or light energy

into chemical energy__F__ Decomposer c. shows how energy is lost as it is

transferred up the food chain__E__ Food Chain d. organism that gets its energy by eating

plants or animals__A__ Food Web e. shows one set of feeding relationships

between a producer and several consumers

__C__ Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and animals into simpler compounds

An energy pyramid shows how energy is lost as it is transferred up the food chain.

Matching

_____ It surrounds all living things

_____All living organisms need it

_____It gives Earth most of its energy

a. organism

b. Energy

c. The ocean

d. Environment

e. The Sun

Matching

__D__ It surrounds all living things

_____All living organisms need it

_____It gives Earth most of its energy

a. organism

b. Energy

c. The ocean

d. Environment

e. The Sun

Matching

__D__ It surrounds all living things

__B__All living organisms need it

_____It gives Earth most of its energy

a. organism

b. Energy

c. The ocean

d. Environment

e. The Sun

Matching

__D__ It surrounds all living things

__B__All living organisms need it

__E__It gives Earth most of its energy

a. organism

b. Energy

c. The ocean

d. Environment

e. The Sun

Matching

_____ Two organisms try to get the same thing in a relation

_____ Two organisms benefit in a relationship_____ The role a species fills in a habitat

a. nicheb. habitatc. parasitismd. competitione. mutualism

Matching

__D__ Two organisms try to get the same thing in a relation

_____ Two organisms benefit in a relationship_____ The role a species fills in a habitat

a. nicheb. habitatc. parasitismd. competitione. mutualism

Matching

__D__ Two organisms try to get the same thing in a relation

__E__ Two organisms benefit in a relationship_____ The role a species fills in a habitat

a. nicheb. habitatc. parasitismd. competitione. mutualism

Matching

__D__ Two organisms try to get the same thing in a relation

__E__ Two organisms benefit in a relationship__A__ The role a species fills in a habitat

a. nicheb. habitatc. parasitismd. competitione. mutualism

Matching

_____ Something from the environment that humans use

_____ Number of people in a given area_____ The variety of life in an ecosystem

a. pollutionb. population densityc. natural resourced. Invasive speciese. biodiversity

Matching

__C__ Something from the environment that humans use

_____ Number of people in a given area_____ The variety of life in an ecosystem

a. pollutionb. population densityc. natural resourced. Invasive speciese. biodiversity

Matching

__C__ Something from the environment that humans use

__B__ Number of people in a given area_____ The variety of life in an ecosystem

a. pollutionb. population densityc. natural resourced. Invasive speciese. biodiversity

Matching

__C__ Something from the environment that humans use

__B__ Number of people in a given area__E__ The variety of life in an ecosystem

a. pollutionb. population densityc. natural resourced. Invasive speciese. biodiversity

What do the arrows in the food web represent?

The flow of energy within the food web.

List two producers and three consumers in the food web.

Producers = rosebush, oak tree, grassConsumers = deer, wolf, rabbit, squirrel caterpillar, frog,

sparrow, snake, hawk

Draw one food chain that includes the sparrow.

rose bush –> caterpillar –> sparrow -> hawkrose bush -> caterpillar -> sparrow -> snakeoak tree -> caterpillar -> sparrow -> hawkoak tree -> caterpillar -> sparrow -> snakegrass -> caterpillar -> sparrow -> hawkgrass -> caterpillar -> sparrow -> snake

Good Luck on the Test!

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