1 Additional processes: 1) Capillary trapping: Residual CO 2 left in pore space (~ 20%) 2) Solubility trapping: CO 2 dissolves in brine, CO 2 saturated brine is denser, sets up convective circulation 3) Mineral trapping: reactions between CO 2 -saturated brine & minerals
3
Embed
Bickle - Royal Academy Engineering, London 4 Nov 2009
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
1
Additional processes:1) Capillary trapping: Residual CO2 left in pore space (~ 20%)
2) Solubility trapping: CO2 dissolves in brine, CO2 saturated
brine is denser, sets up convective circulation
3) Mineral trapping: reactions between CO2-saturated brine &
minerals
2
Crystal
Geyser
CO2
Reservoir
penetrated
by
exploration
well
3He/C ratios imply crustal derivation for CO2 (Gilfillan Thesis)
Thermal modelling of Colorado Plateau implies Leadville Limestone reached ~ 170 °C at
40 Ma (Nuccio and Condon, 1996)
Flow velocity of ~ 2.5 m/yr calculated from hydraulic head
measurements and hydraulic properties measured in the N.
Paradox basin by Hood and Patterson, (1984) Weigel, (1986) and
Freethy (1988)
Mineral-fluid kinetics:-
Reaction rates: Slower than lab experiments
Near to equilibrium
Bleached sandstones – fossil CO2 reservoirs?
Bleached sandstones: Possible fossil CO2-rich brines?
Use as analogue for processes in CO2 storage reservoirs
calculated transport with dual porosities
Fluid-fluid interactions:Noble gases He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe, chemically inert and have 23 isotopes.
Plus stable isotopes (δδδδ13C) and fluid chemistry
Gilfillan et al., Nature 2009
3
Models of any complex physical system must be
tested by observation:-
We are doing the experiment with climate!
We need to make the observations for geological carbon