16 BETWEEN FEAR AND HOPE The Dhaka and Chittagong Alliances Fran çaises are holding a series of Arab-Spring related events this November, including a conference debate at Dhaka University on November 2Oth, bringing tegether French and Bangladeshi intellectuals and academics. This is one of the texts written by a lead ing French expert in the run up to the event. The opinions expressed in this article are solely !hose of the author. STORA H OW 10 rnake sense orthe Arall revolutions lll orC lhan one year after their otltbreak? The accession to power of Islamie parties inT uni sia, Egypt . Libya o r Moroccocame aS S LI cha shock Ihal olle may wonder \\litaI the ultimatc mcaflÎng of !hesc revalutions i s. lias one gone from "sprin g" to " willler ", 10 take ur Ù1C phr ase used Ily a numbcrof <lnaly sls? Tun is ia inauguratcd whal has come {O he knmvn as t he WArab Spring ". A ye'lr Ja ter, ils former Pr esi dent . Hen Ali. beJongs in the dustbin of b is- tory. I-lislory has accelcrated and the country now faccs il scrious social crisis and major dcmocratic challenges. Many rcgions arc affeclCd by high uncmploymcllI rates: 19 percenl is Ihe national average raIe bul in sorne inl and areas Ihat had been lefl OUI for decade s, il reaches up to 50 per- cent. A series of reec nt all cmpled self - immolation s, ovcc a hllndred in one yc ar, go to sho\\! ho wdcs pCtilfC sorne sccti ons tlle population arc (in Tuni si a such aets hll\'(' ;1 slro ng symbolîc impact as lhe whole revolution stllrted off wi th someone seuing himsc lf on fire) , Anomer Ti sk fa c lOr fo r l unisia is the lack of democratic experi- ence. The le ll de rs of the formcr rubng pa rt y h ll ve migrated to other parties, casting serious dO ll bt on the validi t yofth c dcmo cratic process. In the coun' try's broader comeXl, the victory of the Islamic par ty "E nnahdhll" hll s given free rein to the forces of obscurantism and ignorllncc. So is the Tunisi llll The Star