Silvia Polla, Institut für Klassische Archäologie, Freie Universität Berlin Digital Classicist Berlin, 18.10.2016 Between Demography and Consumption: Digital and Quantitative approaches in the Mediterranean Surface Survey
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Silvia Polla, Institut für Klassische Archäologie, Freie Universität BerlinDigital Classicist Berlin, 18.10.2016
Between Demography and Consumption: Digital and Quantitative approaches in the Mediterranean Surface Survey
Hobson 2012
Hobson 2012
Hobson 2012
Hobson 2012 Hobson 2012, after Bonifay 2004
de Vos, Attoui 2012
Bonifay 2004
Mattingly 2011, 139, Tab 5.2
Economic structure Location Economic mechanism Archaeological
correlates
Imperial Economy Empirewide and
beyond frontiers
Taxation, imperial exploitation
of land, labor,
resources,
redistribution,
largesse, and salary
commitments
Monetization focusedon military needs, taxgathering (Egyptiantax grain
arrangements, etc.); long range movementof many commoditiesto frontier provinces or
Rome, military bias in distribution patterns
ExtraprovincialEconomies
Empirewide andbeyond frontiers
Free-market economy,
response to
opportunities
of imperial supply, gift
exchange
Interprovincialmovement
of goods to local
markets,
consumption of
imported
goods on civilian sites
Provincial Economies Within provincial
borders, often
localized around
major towns
Free-market economy,
response to taxation,
monetization
Local marketdistributions
of locally produced
goods,
spread of monetization
to smaller market
centers
de Vos, Attoui 2012
Stone 2004
de Vos 2013
de Vos, Attoui 2012
Hobson 2012
Hobson 2012
192; 75%
65; 25%
good soils bad soils
22
1
6
6
2
2
1
2
6
0 5 10 15 20 25
Flat
North
North-East
East
South-East
South
West
North-West
North
Nr Farms (tot = 48 belonging to the Vandal-Byzantine Phase)
Duration of occupation Topography (Slope facing)
Soil quality
Test on 257 „farms“, all periods
Nucleated settlements Farms
Insch Press CW ACW HM BGW IS GLA CBM DW AMPH PW LA
ARS correlationcoefficient ,153** ,318** ,892** ,506** ,484** ,193** ,337** ,444** ,683** ,446** ,772** ,153** ,523**
15,77%
38,56%
0,65%1,72%0,08% 0,25%
1,15%7,97%
0,57%
27,77%
0,05%
0,41%
2,50% 2,01% 0,53%
0,01% ARS
CW
ACW
HM
BGW
IS
GLA
CBM
DW
AMPH
PW
LA
MW
M
OS
TW
>>Very poor assemblages
Sites with no ARS WareCeramic Classes
Correlation between ceramic classes in the surface assemblages
Rajala, Mills 2014
Rajala, Mills 2014
Dougga Survey: Clusteranalysis of „Farms“
Methods: hierarchical Clusteranalysis, Ward-Method, Gower-Distance
Single Variables:
„Location“ + „Size“ + „Slope“ + „Inscriptions“+ „Oil presses“ + „Ceramic Classes
(„ARS","CW","ACW","HM","BGW","IS","GLA","CBM“,"DW","AMPH","PW","LA","TW„)“, +
+ „Phase1",„Phase2",„Phase3",„Phase4",„Phase5",„Phase6",„Phase7"
Group 1: 119Group 2: 10Group 3: 44
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Early Roman Middle Roman Late Roman Vandal Byzantine Islamic
New Continuing Reoccupied Abandoned
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Pre-Roman Early Roman MiddleRoman
Late Roman Vandal Byzantine Islamic
Total sites
Byzantine
pots = sites = people ?
> Population growth vs decline ?
Dougga Survey: Fine Wares Distribution
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
year
60
year
75
year
90
year
105
year
120
year
135
year
150
year
165
year
180
year
195
year
210
year
225
year
240
year
255
year
270
year
285
year
300
year
315
year
330
year
345
year
360
year
375
year
390
year
405
year
420
year
435
year
450
year
465
year
480
year
495
year
510
year
525
year
540
year
555
year
570
year
585
year
600
year
615
year
630
year
645
year
660
year
675
year
690
ARS-based Survey Chronology (Weighted mean/year)
Dougga Survey: Site Density and Settlement Pattern
Dougga Survey: Theoretical territories
Dougga Survey: Cost Distance Analysis
2.5 2.5
Dougga Off-site Pottery Survey Survey Intensity/ Number of sites
Visibility / Number of sites
Terrenato 2004
2.5
2.5
Witcher 2006
Mapalia, El Alia (Mahdia, II AD). /HaCeramics/ha
Archaeological record and past social variability
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