Best Out of Waste (Rubber)

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Best out of waste (Rubber)

Guided by:-prof. srishti umekar

Submitted by:- Group no.8Deepika kurmiDeepali sonwaneJyoti pawar Rahul sonkarFaizan bari

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Assignment of environmental management (module 2)

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Introduction of rubber… Natural rubber is extracted from rubber producing plants, most

notably the tree Hevea brasiliensis, which originates from South America. Nowadays, more than 90% of all natural rubber comes from these trees in the rubber plantations of Indonesia, the Malay Peninsula and Sri Lanka.

The common name for this type of rubber is Para rubber. The rubber is extracted from the trees in the form of latex. The

tree is ‘tapped’; that is, a diagonal incision is made in the bark of the tree and as the latex exudes from the cut it is collected in a small cup.

The average annual yield is approximately 2 ½ kg per tree or 450kg per hectare, although special high-yield trees can yield as much as 3000kg per hectare each year.

The gathered latex is strained, diluted with water, and treated with acid to cause the suspended rubber particles within the latex to coagulate. After being pressed between rollers to form thin sheets, the rubber is air (or smoke) dried and is then ready for shipment.

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Type of rubber and Application … Natural rubber :-Commercial vehicles such as lorries, buses and

trailers. Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and Butadiene rubber (BR) :-

Small lorries, private cars, motorbikes and bicycles. Butyl rubber (IIR) :- Inner tubes. Application :-The raw materials that make up tires are natural and

synthetic rubbers, carbon, nylon or polyester cord, sulphur, resins and oil. During the tire making process, these are virtually vulcanized into one compound that is not easily broken down.

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what is recycling…. It’s literal meaning, is the procedure of making used or unwanted

products in into new remanufactured products. The procedure of recycling is unique in the sense that the

products are recycled in such a way that the materials that are left after the remanufacturing are considered essential. 

On the other hand, products such as, paper, plastic, glass, tin and some other textiles are all relatively easy for processing and thus the recycling process becomes highly efficient. 

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Steps for recycling rubber… Scrap companies place tires inside machines to shred the rubber,

steel belts and mesh components of the tire. Since this process doesn't separate the three components, developing products that can be easily made from this scrap presents challenges to manufacturers. Scrap companies begin by shredding the tires into manageable strips. These strips are then ground using heavy machinery into smaller pieces. Manufacturers also use large magnets to remove metal chips from the steel belts of the tires. Removing the steel allows grinding down to even smaller, granular sized pieces for use in a variety of products.

Vulcanization :- The process of it is worth discussing, briefly, the molecular structure of rubber. Crude latex is made up of a large number of very long, flexible, molecular chains. If these chains are linked together to prevent the molecules moving apart, then the rubber takes on its characteristic elastic quality. This linking process is carried out by heating the latex with sulphur .There are two common vulcanizing Processes:-

• Pressure vulcanization.

• Free vulcanization.18/10/2011

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Steps of recycling(continue…) Pyrolysis:-Pyrolysis is a newer technique for tire recycling, in which tires are

heated in an oxygen-free environment. This breaks down the tires into oil, steel, and carbon black. Carbon black is a valuable ingredient in tires and other rubber and plastic products, and it can also be used in printer toner cartridges. Pyrolysis is still being tested for commercial use, but is a promising technique.

Retreading:-Old, worn tires are often retreaded. The tread of the tire is the part that makes contact with the road. The process of retreading replaces the old, worn tread with a new one. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), retreading an old tire uses 70 percent less oil than producing a new tire. It is also 30 percent to 70 percent cheaper in cost per tire. These tires provide the same quality and safety as new tires.

Mechanical Breakdown:-Tire recycling methods often involve mechanical breakdown. This means that the tires are shredded into small pieces, and then the steel fibers are removed. The leftover grounded rubber material can be used in several civil engineering applications. For example, many running tracks and even playground floors are made from shredded rubber, providing a softer, more shock-absorbent running surface.

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Various forms of rubber after recycling…..Rubber Powder(Crumb Rubber ).

Use fields: Rubber soles – Rubber sheets – Polyurethane stickers – Cement mortars – Bituminous membranes – Wheels of trolley – Rubber carpets – Reclaimed mixes – Various rubber technical articles.

Infill Rubber Grass Turf.

Use fields: Sports grounds,  Playgrounds, Athletics tracks, Soccer fields, Tennis courts, Anti-shock tiles, Urban furniture applications

Crumb Rubber Granulated.

Use fields: Backgrounds of sports plants – Backgrounds of Playground – Tartan athletics tracks – Filling up of soccer fields – Surfaces of tennis courts – Anti-shock tiles – Soundproofing panels – Urban furniture application – Gardening

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List of recycling plants in India…Name of the company Addresses of the company

SIGMA POLYMER INDUSTRIES Thana Dist, VASAI(EAST), India

Sunil rubber company pvt ltd 5b Ground Floor Ram Brundavan Apts, Chennai, India

RAY IMPEX PVT. LTD. No.1, Sivakasi, IndiaAPOLLO INTERNATIONAL LTD. 201/207, Mumbai, IndiaSABHARWAL SALES CORPORATION

1642-a, OLD DELHI, India

R K RUBBER PRODUCTS Chennai., Perambur, IndiaA B C RUBBER PRODUCTS Near Kansara Dehla,

AHMEDABAD, India

Reva - yah international No.79 Old Post Office Road, Belgaum, India

LAKSHMI RUBBER INDUSTRIES(An ISO 9001:2000 Cert...

Plot No:12, Chennai, India

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List of international recycling rubbers company Name of the company Addresses of the company

American Recycling Center Owosso, Michigan

West Coast Rubber Recycling

Hollister, California

U.S. Rubber Recycling Colton, California

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Ways to Help The Environment Recycling saves energy:- The manufacture of new products from “virgin

materials” the amount of energy needed is much higher than using recycled materials. The energy and resources that are expended in the transportation of “virgin” materials is also saved. 

Recycling reduces pollution and preserves the environmental condition:- The major fossil fuels which are used in manufacturing like gasoline, coal, and diesel all emit harmful greenhouse gases. Any reduction in the consumption of these fuels result in the reduction of greenhouse gases emitted.

Recycling preserves natural resources:- When the raw materials used in the manufacture of new goods is derived from the core elements of old products there is an enormous saving of limited and finite natural resources.

Recycling saves the space that is used for waste disposal:- . A major portion of the landfill space in use today is filled up with materials that could otherwise have been recycled. With landfill space at a premium today any reduction in the waste that needs to be discarded and will occupy space in these landfills benefits the environment. Hazardous waste that disposed of in landfills can leak toxic or corrosive chemicals into the environment.

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Importance of recycling… Recycling Saves the Earth.Recycling Saves EnergyRecycling Helps Mitigate Global Warming and Reduce

PollutionRecycling Reduces Waste Products in LandfillsRecycling Helps you Save MoneyThe recycling process also prevents water as well as air

pollution while forbidding the garbage build up accompanied by landfill proliferation. Since materials are brought to a recycling facility they do not wind up in areas that do not have a place for them.

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RECYCLE PRODUCTS:

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THANK YOU