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Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
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The ProstatePyramidal shaped, fibromuscular, and glandural organ.Walnut-sized gland, 3cm long.Located anterior to the rectum, distal to the urinary bladder.
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Zones of Prostate
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Definition and EpidemiologyBenign prostatic hypertrophy or hyperplasia (BPH) is a histologic diagnosis characterized by proliferation of the cellular elements of the prostate.Incidence>50% in men between 60-90 y.o30 million men worldwide have symptoms related to BPH.
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PathophysiologyDevelopment of microscopic stromal nodules around periurethral glandsglandular hyperplasiagland increases in size and compresses the urethraurinary obstruction.Uncertain aetiologymultifactorial, hormonal (?).
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InvestigationPhysical ExaminationBladder distensionSensory and motor deficitsRectal toucher : gland sizeUrinalysis, urine cultureProstate spesific antigenElectrolytes, BUN, and creatinineUltrasonography, transrectal ultrasonographyUroflowmetry
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ManagementNon-surgical treatment-adrenergic blockersAntiandrogens acting selectively at prostatic cellular lebelIntermittent self-catheterizationBalloon dilatation and stenting of prostateSurgical treatmentProstatectomyTURP
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