Benckendorff Series I--Collection desciprtion The papers of Count Constantin Constantinovich Benckendorff (1816-1858) and his wife Couuntess Louise Benckendorff nee Princess von Croy-Dulmen (1825-1890). Benckendorff, the nephew of Count Alexander Khristofovich Benckendorff, chief of the Gendarmes under Nicholas I, began his career as an officer in the Russian Army. After being severely wounded in the Caucases in 1845, Benckendorff was appointed military attache to the Russian embassy in Berlin. In 1856 he was appointed ambassador to the Court of Wurtemburg in Stuttgardt. The collection consists primarily of correspondence. Benckendorff was well connected in Russian and European political and diplomatic circles and was a prolific letter writer. Correspondents include A. F. Budberg, A. I,. Chernyshev, V. A Dolgorukov, M. D. Gorchakov, M. Guizot, P. K. Meyendorff, M. S. Vorontsov and many others. There is also a large collection of family correspondence which includes sets of letters from Alexander Khristoforovich Benckendorff, Princess Dorothea Lieven (Benckendorff's aunt), Elena Kochubei (a cousin), and numerous other relatives. The largest set of letters in the collection is the correspondence between Benckendorff and his wife in which they share their views on such events as the revolutions of 1848, the Crimean War, and the coronation of Alexander II. In addition to the correspondence, the collection also includes several manuscripts on European political affairs and the Russian army, a set of letters from French noble refugees in Switzerland regarding a offer of land in Russia extended by Emperor Paul I, documents concerning the management of the Benckendorff estates in Tambov, and the notebooks and journals of Benckendorff f s parents.
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Benckendorff Series I--Collection desciprtion
The papers of Count Constantin Constantinovich Benckendorff(1816-1858) and his wife Couuntess Louise Benckendorff neePrincess von Croy-Dulmen (1825-1890). Benckendorff, thenephew of Count Alexander Khristofovich Benckendorff, chiefof the Gendarmes under Nicholas I, began his career as anofficer in the Russian Army. After being severely woundedin the Caucases in 1845, Benckendorff was appointed militaryattache to the Russian embassy in Berlin. In 1856 he wasappointed ambassador to the Court of Wurtemburg inStuttgardt. The collection consists primarily ofcorrespondence. Benckendorff was well connected in Russianand European political and diplomatic circles and was aprolific letter writer. Correspondents include A. F.Budberg, A. I,. Chernyshev, V. A Dolgorukov, M. D.Gorchakov, M. Guizot, P. K. Meyendorff, M. S. Vorontsov andmany others. There is also a large collection of familycorrespondence which includes sets of letters from AlexanderKhristoforovich Benckendorff, Princess Dorothea Lieven(Benckendorff's aunt), Elena Kochubei (a cousin), andnumerous other relatives. The largest set of letters in thecollection is the correspondence between Benckendorff andhis wife in which they share their views on such events asthe revolutions of 1848, the Crimean War, and the coronationof Alexander II. In addition to the correspondence, thecollection also includes several manuscripts on Europeanpolitical affairs and the Russian army, a set of lettersfrom French noble refugees in Switzerland regarding a offerof land in Russia extended by Emperor Paul I, documentsconcerning the management of the Benckendorff estates inTambov, and the notebooks and journals of Benckendorfffsparents.
Benckendorff Biographies
Count Alexander Khristoforovich Benckendorff, 1782-1844.
Before attaining the post for which he was best known—chief of gendarmesunder Nicholas I—Alexander Benckendorff had built a brilliant career in themilitary serving with distinction in all the major campaigns of theNapoleonic wars and rising to the rank of General Adjutant. In 1821Benckendorff submitted to Emperor Alexander I a memorandum describing ingreat detail the organization and activities of the "Union of Welfare", asecret society organized by the future Decembrists. Despite Benckendorffsplea that the union be disbanded and its leaders exiled, Alexander chose notto take any action. In the light of the Decembrist uprising which tookplace four years later, however, Benckendorff's warning appeared downrightprophetic. As a result, Benckendorff was quickly catapulted to a positionof great prominence under Russia's new emperor, Nicholas I. In 1826Benckendorff was appointed chief of the gendarmes, head of the Third Sectionof his Majesty's Chancellory (the secret police) and senator. From thattime on he accompanied the Emperor on most of his travels and enjoyed a highdegree of power and influence. Among the tasks entrusted to Benckendorffwas the oversight of Alexander Pushkin, His zealous fulfillment of this andother missions earned him the enmity of Russia's cultural elite and mafie thename Benckendorff synonymous with bureaucratic narrow-mindedness andpersecution of the intelligentsia.
Despite his unsavory reputation, Benckendorff was not a cruel or ignorantman. He was known, in fact, more for his remarkable absent mindedness,which bordered on dementia in his later years, than for any perversepleasure he may have taken from the persecution of others. As his lettersto his nephew Constantin Constantinovich Benckendorff show, he was a kindand doting parent.
In 1817, Benckendorff married Elizaveta Andreevna Bibikov, who hadpreviously been married to Paul Gavrilovich Bibikov (d. 1812). ElizavetaAndreevna's daughter from her first marriage, Elena, was brought up as amember of the Benckendorff household and married first Prince EsperBeloselskii-Belozerskii and after his death Prince Vasili Kochubei. TheBenckendorffs had three children, Anna (married Count Rudolph Apponyi),Maria (married Prince Grigorii Petrovich Volkonskii), and Sophie (marriedPaul Demidov). In 1832 Benckendorff was granted the title of Count, whichbecause of the absence of any direct male descendants, passed to his nephewConstantin Constantinovich Benckendorff.
Benckendorff, who is said to have converted to Catholicism in his lateryears, died on board the steamship "Hercules" en route from Reval to St.Petersburg in September 1844. A detailed description of his last days canbe found in the letter from his nephew Constantin ConstantinovichBenckendorff to his sister Princess Dorothea Lieven dated 14/26 September1844.
Princess Dorothea Lieven:
Born Daria Khristoforovna Benckendorff in 1784, Princess Lieven became ladyin waiting to Maria Feodorovna, wife of Emperor Paul I, in her early teens.At the age of 16 she was married to Prince Christoph Heinrich Lieven at thebehest of the Empress. In 1809 Lieven was sent to Berlin as ambassador.Thanks, in large measure, to the intelligence, charm, and resourcefulness ofhis wife, Lieven was a great success as a diplomat. In 1812, Lieven wasawarded the post of Ambassador to Great Britain which he retained until1834. During these years, Princess Lieven became quite influential inBritish diplomatic and court circles while providing the Russian governmentwith valuable inside information. She was particularly close with the Dukeof Wellington and Prince Metternich. In 1834, Prince Lieven was summonedback to Russia to serve as the personal tutor of the heir to the throne, theGrand Duke Alexander. After a year in St. Petersburg during which two ofher sons died, Princess Lieven was allowed to return to London alone,ostensibly for reasons of health. Once in the West she refused to return toRussia in defiance of the wishes of the Emperor and her husband. Sheeventually settled in Paris where she established an important salon andbecame a close friend of M. Guizot, the French politician and historian. In1848 Princess Lieven and Guizot were forced to flee Paris and take refuge inEngland. They were able to return to Paris in 1850 where Princess Lievencontinued to live until her death in January 1857.
Constantin Khristoforovich Benckendorff, 1785-1828.
Born in 1785, Constantin Khristoforovich Benckendorff was educated for acareer in the foreign service. At the age of 18, thanks to the patronage ofMaxim Maximovich Alopeus, whose niece he later married, he was sent to servein Berlin and other German cities. After the Russian defeat at Austerlitzand the capitulation of the German states to the armies of Napoleon,Benckendorff was sent on a diplomatic mission to China. On his return hewas sent to Naples where he served as secretary of the embassy. In 1812Benckendorff returned to Russian and joined the army, serving withdistinction in the major campaigns of the Napoleonic wars. In 1816 he wasgranted leave from service for reasons of health and spent the next fouryears travelling in Europe. In 1814 he married Natalia Davidova Alopeuswith whom he had two children, Constantin Constantinovich (b. 1816) andMaria Constantinovna (b. 1818, married Paul Tolstoy). Natalia Davidovnadied in Stuttgardt in 1823. In 1820 Benckendorff reentered foreign serviceas special envoy to the Wiirtemberg and Baden courts. When war broke withTurkey in 1826 Benckendorff returned to the army where he again served withdistinction rising to the rank of Lieutenant General. Despite the severeimpact which service in the army had on his health, Benckendorff insisted ontaking part in the campaign of 1828. He died of Typhus in August 1828 whilefighting the Turks in Bulgaria.
Constantin Constantinovich Benckendorff, 1816-1856.
Born in Berlin in 1816, Constantin Constantinovich1s early life was marredby a series of tragic losses. In 1823 his mother Natalia Davidovna died inStuttgardt. His father, Constantin Khristoforovich, died in 1828 whilefighting the Turks in Bulgaria. After the death of his father, ConstantinConstantinovich was raised by his uncle, Alexander Khristoforovich, from
whom he inherited the title of Count. In 1830 he was enrolled in the Corpsof Pages. He graduated in 1834 and became an officer of the guards. In1836 he took part in the first of three campaigns in the Caucasus. On hisreturn he was named aide de camp to the Minister of War General Chernyshev.A year later he became aide de camp to the Emperor Nicholas I. In 1842 hewent on a second campaign in the Caucasus followed by an extended stay inEurope. When he returned to Russian in 1844 he was faced with the deaths ofhis uncle Alexander Khristoforovich and his sister Maria Constantinovnawithin a period of two months. The following year he embarked on his thirdcampaign in the Caucasus in which he served under Prince Vorontsov and wasseverely wounded. After two years spent recuperating abroad, Benckendorffwas named military attache to the Russian embassy in Berlin. He was aneyewitness to the events of 1848 in Prussia and provided valuableinformation to the Russian government about the upheaval. In June 1848,Benckendorff married Princess Louise von Croy-Diilman. The couple had fivechildren, Alexander (b. 1849), Constantin (b. 1851—died in infancy), Paul(b. 1853), Nathalie (b. 1854) and Olga (b. 1857). As part of his service inBerlin, Benckendorff traveled widely and had extensive contacts withgovernment figures and aristocrats throughout Europe. In 1855, Benckendorffwas named aide de camp of the Emperor Alexander II whom he accompanied in atrip to Crimea that same year. The following year he was appointedambassador to the court of Wiirtemburg in Stuttgardt. Benckendorff died inJanuary 1858 from a nervous disorder apparently connected with the wounds hereceived in 1845.
BENCKENDORFF FAMILY
Introduction
Until the recent discovery of this archive in the attic ofan English country house by a member of the Benckendcrfffamily, its survival had never been suspected. The contentsare thus unknown to historians.
Count Alexander Benckendorff, the last Tsarist Ambassadorin London, died in office in January 1917. He had brought withhim from Russia a substantial collection of family letters suchas the correspondence of _ his parents, his grandfather, hisgreat-aunt (Princess Li even) and his great-uncle, all of whomhad played distinguished roles in the political and diplomaticor military life of their time. These are included in thecollection.
In addition there are the Ambassador's own papers which areof considerable importance. The letters written to him by hisbrother Paul Benckendorff cover the period 1392-1916. PaulBenckendcrff was Marshal of the Imperial Court, and he wroteregularly from Russia to his brother to keep him informed onevery significant development - domestic or foreign - whichcame to his notice. He was at the heart of Russian affairs.The Russo-Japanese War, the First Revolution of 1905, the FirstDuma, the events leadina ur> to the First World War and theconduct of the war itself are
that the letiin the knowledgeusual officialcriticises theocinion on the
discussed with complete freedomers would not be subject to the
censorship. He reports en coun intrigues,Emperor and Empress, and gives his candid
merits and shortcomings of ministers and etherin public life. This correspondence runs to nearly 7 00
are also the Ambassador's diplomatic pacers.ngurespages. There are also the Ambassador'sThese include the letters and texts of the strictlyconfidential telegrams sent to him by successive RussianForeign Ministers between 1304 and 1317 (Lamsdcrf, Izvclskiiand Sazcnov) . The letters written to the Ambassador by hiswife - some 6 00 in number, dating between 13 03 and 1914 - givea fascinating glimpse of the Russian provincial life which theyboth loved, but which became less and less possible for him toenjoy the further he moved up the diplomatic ladder. And thoseof his son Constantine chart the life of a Russian navalofficer from 1903 to 1922 and greatly amplify the account inhis autobiography of his service in the Imperial Navy - in theRusso-Japanese War and First World War - and in the SovietNavy.
And there is excellent illustrative material. TheAmbassador and his . wife were keen amateur photographers and asubstantial quantity of their photographs from the period 1390-1905 were discovered with the papers. These are included inthe collection. A significant number were taken in Russia.
> ICount Alexander Khristoforovich (1782-1844)
Alexander Khristoforovich was a general of cavalry, senatorand head of the Third Department of the Imperial Chancery. In1798 he joined the Life-Guards of the Semenovskii Regiment andserved in the Georgian campaign. After the Treaty of Tilsit hewent with the Russian Embassy to Paris under Count Tolstoyuntil 1809, when he rejoined the army and fought against theTurks under Count Vorontsov, and later against Napoleon'sinvasion; he received many decorations. In 1821 he warnedAlexander I of the existence of secret societies in Russia, andin 182 6 submitted a report on the need for a Higher Police tothe new emperor Nicholas I, who created the third department ofthe Chancery with Benckendorff at its head to deal withinternal security. It is for this and his subsequent'persecution' of Pushkin that Benckendorff is now remembered.From 1828 until 1837 he was Nicholas's closest adviser andaccompanied him on his tours of Russiaand abroad. In 183 2 hewas awarded the title of "Count". His wife was ElizavetaAndreevna Zakharzhevskaia, the widow of P.G. Bibikov; they hadonly three daughters so the title on his death passed to hisnephew Constantine Constantinovich. Some of his notes werepublished in 'Russkii arkhiv', 1865, no. 2.
Constantine Khristoforovich, younger brother of Alexander,was intended for a diplomatic career, being sent to Berlin andother German cities and to Naples. He returned to Russia in1812, joined the army and fought against Napoleon. His healthforced him to live abroad from 1816 to 1819; he worked in theRussian embassies at Wurtemberg and Baden until 1826, when hereturned to Russia and rejoined the army. In the campaignagainst Persia he was in the vanguard during the siege ofErevan, crossed the Akzubiiuk hills and Besobdal, and capturedEchmiadzin; he advanced towards Zangul in sight of the cavalryof Hassan-Khan, which was pushed back to Dzhevan-Bulaksii viaAraks and Abiran. On the conclusion of peace Count Paskevich-Erivanskii commissioned him to hold Abbas-Mirza but his healthhad suffered, and in 13 23 he transferred to the Turkish
campaign in the Balhis vi.e Nataliahis "Letters fromaccount of toa
Dorothea Lieven was Lady-in-Waiting to Maria Fedorovna, thewife of the emperor Paul, who was assassinated in 1801, andmarried, at the suggestion of the Empress, the diplomatChristof Heinrich von Lieven (1774-1839). They went to Berlinin 1810, and then to London in 1812, where Princess Lieven wasone of the leaders of society; she moved in both diplomatic andgovernmental circles, and was a close friend of the Duke of
Wellington and Count Metternich. Inx 183 4 she returned toRussia when her husband was appointed tutor to the tsarevich,but on account of her ill-health she returned to London andremained in western Europe, against the wishes of her husbandand the emperor Nicholas I; she moved to Baden and then Pariswhere she met the French politician Guizot, who remained aclose friend until her death.
Constantine Constantinovich Benckendorff was born on 10/22October 1816 in Estonia, his mother died in 1823, and hevisited Russia for the first time in 1825. His father died in1828 two years before he entered the Pazheskii Corpus, fromwhich he graduated as an officer in 183 4. His first campaignwas in the Caucasus in 183 6; he became aide-de-camp toChernyshev in 183 8 and to emperor Nicolas I the following year.His second campaign in 1842 was again under Chernyshev, and thethird under Vorontsov in 1845, both again in the Caucasus.After being wounded at Antchimir he left the army and joinedthe diplomatic service being appointed military attache at theBerlin embassy in 1847. He married Princess Louise von Croythe following year by whom he had five children, Alexander bornin 1849, Constantine in 1851, Paul in 1853, Natalia in 1854 and
Olga in 1857. Constantine Constantinovich was promoted general£u *S£! *«? Aide-de-campe general in 1855 when he accompaniedthe Emperor to the Crimea; he was appointed Ambassador to theCourt of Wurtemberg at Stuttgart in 1856.
Count Alexander Constantinovicfa (1849-1917)
Alexander Constantinovich was the eldest son of ConstantineConstantinovich and Louise von Croy, born in 184 9 and educatedin Germany and Russia. He married Sofiia Petrovna Shuvalovaand lived at the family estate of Sosnovka in Tambov provincebefore being persuaded to enter the diplomatic service, onaccount of his upbringing and linguistic capabilities. Hespent many years in Vienna before being transferred toCopenhagen, and then to London in 1902 as ambassador. His tactand diplomacy made him greatly respected by the last threeimperial Russian Foreign Ministers, Lamsdorf, Izvolskii andSazonov, as well as by his colleagues in London and others indiplomatic and political circles, during a very busy anddifficult period. He had three children, Constantine born in1880, who later served in the Black Sea Fleet during the Russo-Japanese war, Peter in 1882 and Natalia in 1886.
)
Sofiia Petrovna was the daughter of Count Peter Shuvalov.Shuvalov was described by his grandson as a liberal or evenradical aristocrat who kept well away from St. Petersburg andthe imperial court, preferring to spend the summer on hisestate near Kiev and the winter at Villa Monticello, Nice.
Sofiia Petrovna married in 1879 Alexander ConstantinovichBenckendorff and they elected to live on the Benckendorffestate at Sosnofka in the Province of Tambov which had beengranted to the family about 1775. Sofiia Petrovna's affectionfor this estate and the rural life is described by her sonConstantine in his autobiography as are the growing demands ofAlexander's diplomatic career which increasingly curtailed hisvisits' to Sosnofka. Thus her letters kept him in touch withall manner of detail about the estate and its management.Sofiia Petrovna was a woman of restless energy and enterprise.The constant improvements she made to the house, inside andout, the gardens and the farms are chronicled with gusto. Shewas also a talented amateur photographer.
Her son relates how the letters of his parents preserved inthe house when he returned in 1918 (presumably including thoseof his father written in reply to these letters of his mother)were later sent by the local soviet to the Central Archives ofHistorical Research in Moscow (the Lenin Library).
Sofiia Petrovna was President of the Russian Prisoners ofWar Help Committee during the First World War. After the deathof her husband and her departure from the Embassy, she settledin Suffolk.
Constant ine Aleksandrovich Benckendorf f, DSO, (known as"Cony") joined the Imperial Russian Navy as a volunteer inOctober 1899 and was commissioned as a sub-lieutenant in 1902.He joined the battle squadron at Port Arthur and was on boardthe Retvisan in January 1904 at the time of the Japaneseattack. He was a prisoner of war at Matsouyama until the endof 1905.
Benckendorff joined the battleship Poltava in 1914 and waslater sent on a confidential mission to London to deliver acaptured German signal book and to study London's air defences.He was Senior Staff Officer, Special Duties, to the C-in-CArchangel, 1915-17.
After demobilisation Benckendorff returned to Sosnofka,which he found in good order in the hands of the local soviet,and later took refuge at Kulevatovo with the Juri Davidofffamily. In the spring of 1919 as a former naval commander hewas ordered to report for posting and thus saw service in thesoviet navy. He served as naval adviser to the peacedelegation to Estonia headed by Dr Joffe, and as a member ofthe Frontier Delineation Commission in Estonia and Georgia. Heaccompanied the first British Labour Delegation to Leningrad asan interpreter.
Twice imprisoned in the Butirsky Jail, he was put on theReserve List in July 1922. He married the eminent harpistMarie Korchinksa, and in 1924 left Russia and settled inEngland.
\ copy of his autobiography (to 1923), Half a Life: TheReminiscences of a Russian Gentleman, London, 1954, is includedin the collection. __
C/ / r V o o/r
12
Pierre Aleksandrovicb (1882-1915)
Pierre Benckendorff was granted a commission in the Garde aCheval and was seconded to the 1st East Siberian Cossacks forthe duration of the Japanese War; he served with distinction inManchuria. In 1914 he commanded the 5th Troop of the Garde aCheval. He was killed in 1915 at Rudopolianka, Lithuania,where his troop was covering the evacuation of a station on themain line to Petrograd.
He married Helena Dmitrievna Narishkina (Ella) .
I J L
Benckendorff, Nathalie Aleksandrovna (1886-1968)
Nathalie Aleksandrovna married in 1911 the Honourable SirJasper Nicholas Ridley, KCVO, OBE. She served on the RussianPrisoners of War Help Committee in the First World War.
Benckendorff. Paul Cons-tantinovicfa (1853-1921)
Paul Constantinovich was Grand Marshal of the Court of \Nicholas and Alexandra. He was commissioned in the Garde a ^Cheval and took part in the war against the Turks in 1877. He |was an aide-de-camp to Alexander II and Alexander III. Hisaccount of the last months spent by Nicholas and Alexandra at \Tsarskoe Selo was published after his death. The Emperor iordered Paul and his wife to remain at St. Petersburg and not 'to accompany the Imperial Family to Siberia; they later fled toEstonia where Paul died in 1921.
BENCKENDORFF FAMILY
Introduction
Until the recent discovery of this archive in the attic ofan English country house by a member of the Benckendcrfffamily, its survival had never been suspected. The contentsare thus unknown to historians.
Count Alexander 3enckendorff, the last Tsarist Ambassadorin London, died in office in January 1917. He had brought withhim from Russia a substantial collection of family letters suchas the correspondence of _ his parents, his grandfather, hisgreat-aunt (Princess Lieven) and his great-uncle, all of whomhad played distinguished roles in the political and diplomaticor military life of their time. These are included in thecollection.
In addition there are the Ambassador's own papers which areof considerable importance. The letters written to him by hisbrother Paul Benckendorff cover the period 1392-1916. PaulBenckendcrff was Marshal of the Imperial Courc, and he wroteregularly from Russia to his brother to keep him informed onevery significant development - domestic or foreign - whichcame to his notice. He was at the heart of Russian affairs.The Russo-Japanese War, the First Revolution of 1905, the FirstDuma, the events leading up to the First World War and theconduct of the war itself are discussed with complete freedomin the knowledge that the letters would not be subject to theusual official censorship. He reports en court intrigues,criticises the Emperor and Empress, and gives his candidopinion on the merits and shortcomings of ministers and otherfigures in public life. This correspondence runs to nearly 7 00pages. There are also the Ambassador's diplomatic papers.These include the letters and texts of the strictlyconfidential telegrams sent to him by successive RussianForeign Ministers between 1904 and 1917 (Lamsdorf, Izvciskiiand Sazonov) . The letters written to the Ambassador by hiswife - some 600 in number, dating between 1903 and 1914 - givea fascinating glimpse of the Russian provincial life which theyboth loved, but which became less and less possible for him toenjoy the further he moved up the diplomatic ladder. And thoseof his son Constant ine chart the life of a Russian navalofficer from 1903 to 1922 and greatly amplify the account inhis autobiography of his service in the Imperial Navy - in theRusso-Japanese War and First World War - and in the SovietNavy.
And there is excellent illustrative material. TheAmbassador and his.wife were keen amateur photographers and asubstantial quantity of their photographs from the period 1890-1905 were discovered with the papers. These are included inthe collection. A significant number were taken in Russia.
) I Ttenckendorff. Count Alexander Khxistoforovicfa (1782-1844)
Alexander Khristoforovich was a general of cavalry, senatorand head of the Third Department of the Imperial Chancery. In1798 he joined the Life-Guards of the Semenovskii Regiment andserved in the Georgian campaign. After the Treaty of Tilsit hewent with the Russian Embassy to Paris under Count Tolstoyuntil 1809, when he rejoined the army and fought against theTurks under Count Vorontsov, and later against Napoleon'sinvasion; he received many decorations. In 1821 he warnedAlexander I of the existence of secret societies in Russia, andin 13 2 6 submitted a report on the need for a Higher Police tothe new emperor Nicholas I, who created the third department ofthe Chancery with Benckendorff at its head to deal withinternal security. It is for this and his subsequent'persecution1 of Pushkin that Benckendorff is now remembered.From 1328 until 1337 he was Nicholas's closest adviser andaccompanied him on his tours of Russiaand abroad. In 13 3 2 hewas awarded the title of "Count". Kis wife was ElizavetaAndreevna Zakharzhevskaia, the widow of P.G. Bibikcv; they hadonly three daughters so the title on his death passed to hisnephew Constantine Constantinovich. Some of his notes werepublished in 'Russkii arkhiv1, 1365, no. 2.
Cons-tantine Khristoforovich, younger brother of. Alexander,was intended for a diplomatic career, being sent to Berlin andother German cities and to Naples. He returned to Russia in1812, joined the army and fought against Napoleon. His healthforced him to live abroad from 1816 to 1819; he worked in theRussian embassies at Wurtemberg and Baden until 1826, when hereturned to Russia and rejoined the army. In the campaignagainst Persia he was in the vanguard during the siege ofErevan, crossed the Akzubiiuk hills and Besobdal, and capturedEchmiadzin; he advanced towards Zangul in sight of the cavalryof Hassan-Khan, which was pushed back to Dzhevan-Bulaksii viaAraks and Abiran. On the conclusion of peace Count Paskevich-Erivanskii commissioned him to hold Abbas-Mirza but his healthhad suffered, and in 18 28 he transferred to the Turkish
campaign in the Balkans, where he diedhis wife Natalia Davydovna Aloraeua ir %his "Letters from P L S U " in ernaia n^faccount of the Cossacks dedicated to the T sar
Dorothea Lieven was Lady-in-Waiting to Maria Fedorovna, thewife of the emperor Paul, who was assassinated in 1801, andmarried, at the suggestion of the Empress, the diplomatChristof Heinrich von Lieven (1774-1839), They went to Berlinin 1810, and then to London in 1812, where Princess Lieven wasone of the leaders of society; she moved in both diplomatic andgovernmental circles, and was a close friend of the Duke of
Wellington and Count Metternich. Inv 183 4 she returned toRussia when her husband was appointed tutor to the tsarevich,but on account of her ill-health she returned to London andremained in western Europe, against the wishes of her husbandand the emperor Nicholas I; she moved to Baden and then Pariswhere she met the French politician Guizot, who remained aclose friend until her death.
Constantine Constantinovich Benckendorff was born on 10/22October 1316 in Estonia, his mother died in 1823, and hevisited Russia for the first time in 1825. His father died in1828 two years before he entered the Pazheskii Corpus, fromwhich he graduated as an officer in 1834. His first campaignwas in the Caucasus in 1836; he became aide-de-camp toChernyshev in 1838 and to emperor Nicolas I the following year.His second campaign in 1842 was again under Chernyshev, and thethird under Vorontsov in 1845, both again in the Caucasus.After being wounded at Antchimir he left the army and joinedthe diplomatic service being appointed military attache at theBerlin embassy in 1847. He married Princess Louise von Croythe following year by whom he had five children, Alexander bornin 1849, Constantine in 1851, Paul in 1853, Natalia in 1854 and
Olga in 1857. Constantine Constantinovich was promoted generalm 1849 and Aide-de-campe general in 1855 when he accompaniedthe Emperor to the Crimea; he was appointed Ambassador to theCourt of Wurtemberg at Stuttgart in 1356.
n
Count Alexander Constantinovicfa (1849-1917)
Alexander Constantinovich was the eldest son of ConstantineConstantinovich and Louise von Croy, born in 184 9 and educatedin Germany and Russia. He married Sofiia Petrovna Shuvalovaand lived at the family estate of Sosnovka in Tambov provincebefore being persuaded to enter the diplomatic service, onaccount of his upbringing and linguistic capabilities. Hespent many years in Vienna before being transferred toCopenhagen, and then to London in 1902 as ambassador. His tactand diplomacy made him greatly respected by the last threeimperial Russian Foreign Ministers, Lamsdorf, Izvolskii andSazonov, as well as by his colleagues in London and others indiplomatic and political circles, during a very busy anddifficult period. He had three children, Constantine born in1880, who later served in the Black Sea Fleet during the Russo-Japanese war, Peter in 1882 and Natalia in 1886.
j
0 I
Sofiia Petrovna was the daughter of Count Peter Shuvalov.Shuvalov was described by his grandson as a liberal or evenradical aristocrat who kept well away from St. Petersburg andthe imperial court, preferring to spend the summer on hisestate near Kiev and the winter at Villa Monticello, Nice.
Sofiia Petrovna married in 1379 Alexander ConstantinovichBenckendorff and they elected to live on the Benckendorffestate at Sosnofka in the Province of Tambov which had beengranted to the family about 1775. Sofiia Petrovna's affectionfor this estate and the rural life is described by her sonConstantine in his autobiography as are the growing demands ofAlexander's diplomatic career which increasingly curtailed hisvisits to Sosnofka. Thus her letters kept him in touch withall manner of detail about the estate and its management.Sofiia Petrovna was a woman of restless energy and enterprise.The constant improvements she made to the house, inside andout, the gardens and the farms are chronicled with gusto. Shewas also a talented amateur photographer.
Her son relates how the letters of his parents preserved inthe house when he returned in 1913 (presumably including thoseof his father written in reply to these letters of his mother)were later sent by the local soviet to the Central Archives ofHistorical Research in Moscow (the Lenin Library).
Sofiia Petrovna was President of the Russian Prisoners ofWar Help Committee during the First World War. After the deathof her husband and her departure from the Embassy, she settledin Suffolk.
Constantine Aleksandrovich Benckendorff, DSO, (known as"Cony") joined the Imperial Russian Navy as a volunteer inOctober 1899 and was commissioned as a sub-lieutenant in 1902.He joined the battle squadron at Port Arthur and was on boardthe Retvisan in January 1904 at the time of the Japaneseattack. He was a prisoner of war at Matsouyama until the endof 1905.
Benckendorff joined the battleship Poltava in 1914 and waslater sent on a confidential mission to London to deliver acaptured German signal book and to study London's air defences.He was Senior Staff Officer, Special Duties, to the C-in-CArchangel, 1915-17.
After demobilisation Benckendorff returned to Sosnofka,which he found in good order in the hands of the local soviet,and later took refuge at Kulevatovo with the Juri Davidofffamily. In the spring of 1919 as a former naval commander hewas ordered to report for posting and thus saw service in thesoviet navy. He served as naval adviser to the peacedelegation to Estonia headed by Dr Joffe, and as a member ofthe Frontier Delineation Commission in Estonia and Georgia. Heaccompanied the first British Labour Delegation to Leningrad asan interpreter.
Twice imprisoned in the Butirsky Jail, he was put on theReserve List in July 1922. He married the eminent harpistMarie Korchinksa, and in 1924 left Russia and settled inEngland.
k^ copy of his autobiography (to 1923) , Half a Life: TheReminiscences of a Russian Gentleman, London, 1954, is includedin the collection. . _ / / T /O <n
C aTc. I ocjQsA TO.r (\cxre. Poo /r
12
2 3
fu».r|c3cendor:ff. Pierre Aleksandrovicn (1382-1915)
Pierre Benckendorff was granted a commission in the Garde aCheval and was seconded to the 1st East Siberian Cossacks forthe duration of the Japanese War; he served with distinction inManchuria. In 1914 he commanded the 5th Troop of the Garde aCheval. He was killed in 1915 at Rudopolianka, Lithuania,where his troop was covering the evacuation of a station on themain line to Petrograd.
He married Helena Dmitrievna Narishkina (Ella) .
•1 u
Benckendorff, Nathalie Aleksandrovna (1886-1968)
Nathalie Aleksandrovna married in 1911 the Honourable SirJasper Nicholas Ridley, KCVO, OBE. She served on the RussianPrisoners of War Help Committee in the First World War.
Benckertdorff. Paul Constantinovich (1853-1921)_ _
Paul Constantinovich was Grand Marshal of the Court of ?Nicholas and Alexandra. He was commissioned in the Garde a UCheval and took part in the war against the Turks in 1877. He fwas an aide-de-camp to Alexander II and Alexander III. His .account of the last months spent by Nicholas and Alexandra at ;
Tsarskoe Selo was published after his death. The Emperor \ordered Paul and his wife to remain at St. Petersburg and not Ito accompany the Imperial Family to Siberia; they later fled toEstonia where Paul died in 1921. 1
BENCKENDORFF FAMILY PAPERS CONTENTS LIST -1
SERIES I
CATALOGUED CORRESPONDENCE, 1806-1853
BOX 1Alexander I, Emperor of Russia, 1777-1825Alexander II, Emperor of Russia, 1818-1881Alopeus, AlexandrinaAlopeus, Lousia Charlotte, Countess, d.1851Apponyi, Anna Aleksandrovna, Countess, 1818-1900Apponyi, Rudolf, Count, 1812-1876Apponyi- Sztaray, SophieBazareff, Antoinette deBeauregard, A.Beauvau, Mortement, Princesse deBenckendorff, Alexander Khristoforovich, Count, 1782-1844
BOX 2Benckendorff, Constantin Constantinovich, Count, 1816-1858
\ To Marie HowardPrincess Dorothea Lieven
Emperor Nicholas IAleksandr Abramovich PeretzCountess SolokubUnidentified PrincessCountess Louise Benckendorff [Princess Louise de Croy]-
letters dated 1847-1853
BOX 3Benckendorff, Constantin Constantinovich, Count, 1816-1858
To Countess Louise Benckendorff-letters dated 1854-1858
BOX4Benckendorff, Constantin Khristoforovich, 1785-1828Benckendorff, ElisabethBenckendorff, Elizaveta Andreevna, Countess, d. 1858Benckendorff, Hermann PavlovichBenckendorff, Louise, Countess, 1825-1890
To Emperor Alexander II) Count Alexander Constantinovich Benckendorff
BENCKENDORFF FAMILY PAPERS CONTENTS LIST - 2
Princess Johanna von Croy-Dulmen) King Karl of Wiirtemburg
Princess Dorothea LievenGrand Duchess Olga NicholaevnaCount Constantin Constantinovich Benckendorff-
letters dated 1848-1853
BOX5Benckendorff, Louise, Countess, 1825-1890
To Count Constantin Constantinovich Benckendorff-letters dated 1854-1857
Condolence letters on the death of Louise BenckendorffBenckendorff, Natalia Davidovna, d. 1823Benckendorff, Pavel Ermolaevich, 1786-184?Benckendorff, Sofia Petrovna, Countess, 1857-1928Bernsdorff, W
Brandenburg, M., CountessBudberg, Andrei Fedorovich, 1817-1881Charles Alexander, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-EisenachChernyshev, E., Princess (Wife of Alexander Ivanovich Chernyshev)
\ Chernyshev, Alexander Ivanovich, Prince, 1785-1857^ Croy, Constance, Princess de Roeulx
Croy, Fernand, Prince de RoeulxCroy, George deCroy-Diilmen, Alexander, Prince vonCroy-Dtilmen, Johanna, Princess von, 1796-1868Croy-Dulmen, Leopold, Prince vonCroy-Dulmen, Philippe, Prince von, 1801-1871
BOX 6Danhoff, CountDappelmair,Demidov, Pavel Grigorievich, 1809-1858Demidova, Sofiia Aleksandrovna, d. 1875Dino, Dorothee, Duchess de, 1793-1862Dolgorukov, Vassilii Andreevich, PrinceEdgeworth de Firmon, Henry Essex, Abbee, 1745-1807Fleischmann,Frederick, Prince of PrussiaFrederick Wilhelm IV, King of Prussia, 1795-1861Fredericks, Cecilia Vladimirovna, Baroness
^ Maria Pavlovna, Grand DuchessMassenbach, Eveline, Baranine von 1830-1904Massow,Meyendorff, Peter Kazimirovich, Baron, 1796-1863Mecklenburg, Georges vonMosine,Nerses, Patriarch and Catholicos of ArmeniaNesselrode, Karl Vassilievich, Count, 1780-1862Nicholas I, Tsar1 of RussiaNikolai [Leontii Pavlovich, Baron, 1820-1891]Offenberg, P.Oldenburg, Pierre, PrinceOlga Nicholaevna, Grand Duchess of Russia, consort of Karl,
King of WurtemburgOrlov, C.Peretz, Aleksandr Abramovich, 1812-1872Peretz, G.
BOX 8Rauch, Elise[Rochoiv?]
/ ' Rohan, Stephanie
BENCKENDORFF FAMILY PAPERS CONTENTS LIST - 4
Rosenorduc, A. deRudiyez, CountSagtynsky,Schevitch, AlexandrineSchoppingk, AlexisShuvalova, Sofiia LVovna, 1830-1894Stackelberg, Ernst Gustavovich, 1813-1870Stolberg-Stolberg, Louisa, Grafin zu Stolberg au harzSukhtelen, Pavel Petrovich, 1788-1833Talbot, BarbaraTeignelman, BThielau, AugusteSalm-Salm, Otto Prince zuThun, LeopoldineTlage, Julie, Viscountess de CalouneTolstoy, [Iurii Vassilievich, 1824-1878]Tolstoy, PaulTolstoy, Pavel PavlovichTrubetskaia, Elizaveta EsperovnaUrusov, NVielkonsky, CVolkonsky, Grigorii PetrovichVolkonskaia, Mariia Aleksandrovna, 1820-1880Vorontsov, Mikhail Semenovich, Prince, 1782-1856Prince of WarsawWartenshberg, MatildeWalker, AWalker, SophieWilliam I, German Emperor, 1797-1888Wittgenstein, WZavadovsky, Helene, Countess
BOX 9CATALOGUED MANUSCRIPTSBenckendorff, Constantin Constantinovich
[L'armee Russe]M. Guizot:Pensions et invalides
Benckendorff, Constantin Khristoforovich, Countand Natalia Davidovna
Journal de notre Voyage en Italie: 1819, 1920Benckendorff, Natalia Davidovna
Journal: 1814
BENCKENDORFF FAMILY PAPERS CONTENTS LIST - 5
Croy-Diilmen, Leopold, Prince vonDiary: 1839
Unidentified authorsNotes sur radministration de Tannee prussienne (copie)Reponse d'un officier russe aux deux articles du Comte de Saint
Priest publies dans la Revue de deux mondes au mois d1
Octobre 1849
CATALOGUED DRAWINGBenckendorff, Constantin Constantinovich
ARRANGED CORRESPONDENCEMiscellaneous letters to Count Constantin
Constantinovich BenckendorffMiscellaneous letters to Louise BenckendorffMiscellaneous envelopes
BOX 10ARRANGED DOCUMENTSBenckendorff, Constantin Constantinovich
\ German official documentsRussian official documentsMiscellaneous
Benckendorff, LouiseAwards and HonorsFuneral, January 1890
vom 13. Junni 1825 und resp. 4. Juni 1852:Berlin, 1854
SERIES II
CATALOGUED CORRESPONDENCE
BOX 12Abrikpsov, Dmitrii IvanovichAladin, AlexisAlexandra, Queen, consort of Edward VII, King of Great Britain,
1844-1925Answorth, JApponyi, AlexanderApponyi, Anna Aleksandrovna, Countess, 1818-1900Arco, EAsquith, KatherineAsquith, H. H. (Henry Herbert), 1852-1928Balfour, Arthur James Balfour, Earl of, 1848-1930Balfour, ValerieBaring, MauriceBaring, ThomasBarrington, Bernard Eric Edward, Sir, b. 1847Bax, Arnold, 1883-1953Beatrice, Princess, consort of Prince Henry of BattenburgBelloc,H.,b. 1870BelosselskyBenckendorff, ABenckendorff, Constantin Alexandrovich, Count, 1880-1959Berg, GBertie, Francis, Sir, 1844-1919Bird, Tom
BENCKENDORFF FAMILY PAPERS CONTENTS LIST - 7
Biuhoffohen, Clarisse) Blumenthal, Leonie
Bodger, MBorghese, LivioBorghese, PaoloBowles, Thomas Gibson, 1841-1922Braeburg, JulianaBraff, ABranick,Brooke, Leopold Guy Francis Maynard, Lord, b. 1882Buchanan, MerielBudberg, Aleksandr Andreevich, b. 1851Budberg, Fedor Andreevich, BaronCambon, Paul, 1843-1924Campbell, R.H.Carlin, Gaston, b. 1859Caraow,Carrington, Charles Robert Wynn-Carrington, 1st Earl of, b. 1848Cecil, Hugh Richard Heathcote, Lord, b. 1869Chabrillan, A. deCharteris, Evan Edward, 1864-1940
\ Charykov [Nikolai Valerievich, 1855-1930]' Chertkov, V. G. [Vladimir Grigorevich]
Chirol, Valentine, Sir, b. 1852Churchill, VerenaClarendon, Edward Hyde Villiers, 5th Earl of, b. 1846Crewe, Robert Offley Ashburton, 1st Marquess of, b. 1858Creuzot, E[Croy-Dulmen, Leopold, Prince von]Croy, Emma deCroy, Henri deCurzon, George Nathaniel Curzon, Marquis of, 1859-1925Danchich, V.Daudet, Ernest, 1837-1921Davidson, Arthur, Sir, b. 1856Doria, AlfonsoDove, MarieDucret, SophieDurham, John George Lambton, 3rd Ear of, b. 1855Ellis, Arthur Edward Augustus, Sir, b. 1837Essex, George Devreux de Vere Capell, 7th Earl of, b. 1857Farquhar, Horace Brand, 1st Baron, b. 1844
) Fitzgeorge, Sir Adophus Augustus Charles Frederick, b. 1847
BENCKENDORFF FAMILY PAPERS CONTENTS LIST - 8
Fitzgerald, Maurice, SirFrancis, AFreeman, JFredericks, VGardiner, JohnGeorge V, King of Great Britain, 1865-1936Goschen, Edward, Sir 1847-1928Gosse, Edmund, 1849-1928Graevenitz, Grigorii Aleksandrovich, BaronGreenhill Gardyne, A.D.Grey of Fallodon, Edward Grey, Viscount, 1862-1933Grunne, LiedekirkeGrunne, Madeline deGrunne, Willy deGruzinov,Guiccioli, Alessandro, 1843-1921Gunzberg, S. deGuthrie, Patrick
BOX 13Haldane, R. B. Haldane, Viscount, 1856-1928Hamilton, Frederick Spencer, Lord, b. 1856Hamilton of Dazell, Gavril George Hamilton, b. 1872Harcourt, Lewis, b. 1863Hardinge of Penshurst, Charles Hardinge, Baron, 1858-1944Harper, JohnHarris, S.W.Heiden, O., CountessHenry, Edward Richard, Sir, b. 1850Herbert, HelenHerbert, MaryHope, Sir Edward Stanley, b. 1846Horner, FrancisHoward, HenryHymans, MHymans, Paul, 1865-1941Ignateff, PaulImperiali,Izvolskii, Aleksandr Petrovich, 1856-1919Japieka, AlexanderJochimsen, LW. H.Johnstone, Alan Vanden-Bempde, Sir, b. 1858Johnstone, Crinks
BENCKENDORFF FAMILY PAPERS CONTENTS LIST - 9
x Johnstone, Harcourt' Knollys, Charlotte
Knollys, Francis, 1st Viscount, b. 1837Keyserling, Hermann, Graf von, 1880-1946Keyserling, LeonieKhomiakov, Nikolai AlekseevichKleinmichel, MKleinmichel, NKomarov [Nikolai Aleksandrovich]Kossikowsky, W.Kudachev, Ivan Alekseevich, PrinceLambton, Sir Hedworth, b. 1856Lamington, Charles Wallace, 2nd Baron, b. 1860Lamsdorff, Vladimir Nikolaevich, Graf, 1841-1907Lansdowne, Henry Charles Fizmaurice, Marquess of, 1845-1927Leanovich, VadimLeslie, LeonieLessur, PLigne, Ilia deLister-Kays, Sir John, b. 1853London, Perceval
) Lonsdale, Hugh Cecil Lowther, Earl of, 1857-1944Lotar, FannyLowther, James W.Machellan, CMallet, Louis de Pau, Sir, b. 1864Mariia Feodorovna, Empress, Consort of Emperor
Alexander III of Russia, 1847-1928Mariia Pavlovna, Grand Duchess, b. 1854Marsh, Edward Howard, b. 1872Mary, Queen, Consort of George V, King of Great Britain, 1867-1953Maquire, LisaMensdorff-Pouilly, Albert Dietrichstein, Count, b. 1861Mercier, Desire, 1851-1926Merry del Val, H. E. Don Alfonso, b. 1864Merry del Val, H.E. Don RafaelMetternich, ChristineMetternich, Paul Wolff, Count, b. 1853Meulemans, JulesMeyendorff, Konrad GottliebovichMilner, Sir Frederick George, b. 1849
\ Montgomery, Charles Hubert, b. 1876'• Morrel, Ginette
BENCKENDOREF FAMILY PAPERS CONTENTS LIST -10
^ Naryshkin, D) Nash, Charles
Nekliudov, Anatolii Vasilievich, 1856-1936Nelidov, Aleksandr Ivanovich, 1835-1910Neratov, Anatolii Anatol'evich, b. 1863New, Margaret E.Nichols, J.Nicolson, Sir Alexander, b. 1849Norton, R. W.Nosei, Evelyn deNovikov, Olga, b. 1840
BOX 14Obolenskii, V.Omonoff, L.Onslow, Richard William Alan, 5th Earl, b. 1876Osten-Sachen, Nikolai Dmitrievich, b. 1834Page, Walter Hines, 1855-1918Paget, Lady MaryPaget, WallenzaPerks, Sir Robert WilliamPhipps, ConstantinePercy-Smith, CharlesPleve, Viacheslav Konstantinovich, 1846-1904Poklevskii-Koziell, Stanislav AlfonsovichPortland, William Charles Arthur, 6th Duke of, b. 1857Revelstoke, John Baring, 2nd Baron, 1863-1929Ridley, Jasper Nicholas, 1887-1951Ridley, Matthew White, 2nd Viscount, b. 1874Roberts, Sir Frederick Sleigh, 1st Earl, b. 1832Rohan, RonaldRomanovsky, Georges, PrinceRosin, Roman RomanovichRothschild, EmmaRothschild, Anthony deRoxburghe, Henry John Innes-Ker, 8th Duke of, b. 1876Rutland, Henry John Brinsley-Manners, 8th Duke of, b, 1852Rutkovskii, Iosef VladislavovichSafonov, ASalisbury, James Edward Cecil, 4th Marquess of, b.1861Salm-Salm, ChristaSamuel, Herbert Louis Samuel, Viscount, 1870-1963Sanderson, Thomas Henry, 1st Baron, b. 1841
BENCKENDORFF FAMILY PAPERS CONTENTS LIST - 11
. Savinskii, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich/ Sazanov, Sergei Dmitrevich
Seran, HelenSevastopulo, Matvei MarkovichShuvalov, Pavel Petrovich, CountShuvalova, Elizaveta V.Smith, EthylSpencer, Charles Robert, 6th Earl, b. 1857Simpson, James Young, b. 1873Spencer, Charles Robert, 6th Earl, b. 1857Spender, John Alfred, 1862-1942Spring-Rice, Sir Cecil Arthur, 1859-1918Stanfordham, Arthur John Bigge, 1st BaronStaal, Egor Egorevich, BaronStrauss, Oscar S.Subbotina, Ol'ga IvanovnaSvetchin, Aleksandr NikolaevichSymior, J
BOX 15Takis, Alex
j Talbot, Edward Bernard, Lord, b. 1855Thompan, M.Troius, LaurenceToulls, HenryTseshau, [Manager at Sosnovka]Tweedmouth, Edward Majoribanks, 2nd Baron, 1849-1909Valery, Paul, 1871-1945Vessilitsky, G.Vetrizhkovskaia, A.V.Victoria, Princess, Consort of Prince Louis Alexander of BattenburgVinogradoff, Paul, Sir, 1854-1925Vitali,D.Volkonskii, Petr Petrovich, PrinceWarre Cornish, BlancheWarrender, MargaretWeardale, Phillip James Stanhope, Baron, b. 1847Wells, H. G. (Hubert George), 1866-1946Wemyss, Lady MaryWickhamsteed,Wolff, Sir Henry Drummond, b. 1830
x Wrangel, Herman, Count, b. 1857) Wright, Charles Theodore Hagberg, b. 1862
BENCKENDORFF FAMILY PAPERS CONTENTS LIST -12
x Yonine, Marina
CATALOGUED CORRESPONDENCE - BENCKENDORFF FAMILY
BOX 16Benckendorff, Alexander Constantinovich, Count, 1849-1917
To Dmitrii BenckendorffCountess Louise Benckendorff
Countess Sofiia Petrovna BenckendorffCountSir Edward [Grey?]Pater MartinMr. White
Letters to A.C. Benckendorff from various individualsTelegrams to A.C. and S.P. Benckendorff from family membersCondolence letters on the death of A.C. BenckendorffMiscellaneous documents relating to the death of A.C. Benckendorff
BOX 17Benckendorff, Constantin Aleksandrovich, Count, 1880-1959
To Count Alexander Constantino vich Benckendorff) Countess Sofiia Petrovna Benckendorff
The Devestated Palace: Memoirs and SketchesDiary:1910
[Essay on the Eastern Orthodox Church and the RomanCatholic Church] (with cover letter dated 28 Feb.1925 from D.M. to B. [Maurice Baring?])
[Government of the Netherlands: Position Paper,World War II]
Memorandum of Montenegran Delegation to1913 Peace Talks
Memorie degli architetti antichi e modernMiscellaneous manuscripts
BOX 29SUBJECT FILESBenckendorff, Paul - Last Days at Tsarskoe Selo
Biographical information on individuals mentioned in bookCopies of various sections of the manuscript with editing marksCorrected galleysCorrectionsFrench manuscript with drafts of the foreword and correctionsMaterials relating to the book's publication and the authorMaurice Baring letter and document relating to book
BOX 30Benckendorff family
Address bookArchiv Benkendorp: Organ des Familienverbandes
der BenkendorpeCony Croy's stay in Russia post-1917Death noticesFinancial papers - post-1917
Finland. (1898-1903)Circular from N.L Bobrikov to Finnish governors with responsesEmigration - Letters to Count A.C. Benckendorff from Count C.
Mannerheim and L. MichelinFinnish National Assembly - Response to proposed regulations
on military serviceTyped reports on the Finnish situation.
Funeral and religious cardsGenealogical societiesGerard, Montagu, Sir (Funeral of)King George V - Coronation, 26 June 1911Kitchener, Earl, Field Marshal - Memorial Service Program,
13 June 1916.MiscellaneousObi-Irtish Railway and Trade Route - Maps, proposals.Pavlova, Anna - Matinee programme, 12 October 1914.Russian Embassy in London - Transfer to the Soviet Union, 1924
BOX 31SUBJECT FILES
Russian Prisoners of War - World War IHelp Committee - Correspondence (2 folders)
- ClippingsPrinted Materials (2 folders)
Russo-Japanese WarEnglish Treatment of Russian ShipsParticipation of the BenckendorffsSosnovka Estate
World War FDiplomacy - Printed Materials (2 folders)
BOX 32.CLIPPINGSArticles by Maurice Baring.Articles by Maurice Baring on the situation in Russia.Bloody Sunday (January 1905)English Newspapers, 1908-1916. Mostly related to the engagement
of Nathalie Benckendorff to Jasper RidleyMisc. clippings. Articles by Hilaire Belloc, Mary Coleridge, Jules
Lemaitre, and others
BENCKENDORFF FAMILY PAPERS CONTENTS LIST -17
Misc. Memorabilia, 1900-1926Obituaries. Count Aleksandr Constantinovich BenckendorffPoetry. Various languages.Russian Politics. 1906-1907.Russian Prisoners of War, World War I and Russian P.O.W. Help
Committee.
Box 33ARRANGED PRINTED MATERIALS
Asquith, H.H. - The War: Its Causes and its Message, 1914. (Signedand inscribed to Countess Sofiia Petrovna Benckendorff.)
British Government Publications.British Government Publications. House of Commons Parliamentary
No. 3, 1916.La Revue de Pologne. No. 3, February 1916.Lettre Pastorale de son Eminence le Cardinal Mercier. 1914.Russian Government Documents. Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Diplomatic Documents, 1914.Vesnitch, Mil R. - La Serbie et la Guerre Europeenne. 1914. (Signed
and inscribed to Countess Benckendorff.)- Le Cardinal Alberoni Pacifiste. 1912. (Signed and
inscribed to Countess Benckendorff.)Vserossiiskii Zemskii Soiuz - Izvestiia Glavnago Komiteta, 1915 and
ARRANGED DRAWINGSAlopeus, Iohanna Hedwig Sophia Luise von - GraveBenckendorff family coat of arms
ARRANGED PHOTOGRAPHSAmbassador's coach - Chesham PlaceArt worksBenckendorff familyBenckendorff family estate - SosnovkaBenckendorff, Constantine and Natalia Benckendorff - Grave"God's Acre" - Cemetary at Crosseu-on-CederNanny and infant
BENCKENDORFF FAMILY PAPERS CONTENTS LIST -18
The "Priest's House" and "Punch", a dog, Sept. & Oct. 1926(photographs belonging to Maurice Baring)
Rome - postcardsRussian royal family - Postcards of Grand Duke Nicholas and Empress Marie and her
Grandsons, taken on board the H.M.S. Marlborough, 8 April 1919
SUBJECT FILEGeorge V - Coronation invitation
OVERSIZED MATERIALS
Album to commemorate the coronation of Emperor Alexander II, 1856,containing 10 photographs of Russian cities (including Moscow), 13 photographs ofdignitaries including Georgians; printed programme of events in Moscow, printed lists ofdiplomatic representatives; visiting cards of Russian nobility and international diplomats(mounted on 17 pages), and invitations loosely inserted, oblong folio, medallion portraitof Emperor inserted on upper cover, embossed morocco, brass mounts, upper coverdetached.
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2 wo&*& i& ftoat of etsti*
45HfotoE*B.452453454
tldtrly womii witi <?MU in froaJt of k»y«sruml s(r«tsctM • p*opli *nd firm uimils
VOTUjfflfclyoiirocksiaimovLttin455 j*opl* Ulkiitf in gwton
45645?458459
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460 small knits* n w pita on t aovntnin
461462
person crowninc in nwro w lUivwiywomm on dirt ro*d wita hovsi md tmi
712 j wo&ti siJEtlw wf «*a«r* & iook*t wUtcli713! irtkwty, w d , lurst woodiB. door7141 yov&ff & u sittififf713 R«a*iss*Lfl« ivildiajs
j
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roll #74 continwd
Page 18
Microfilm Reel #1 - Beckendorf Archives
Film DtscrtftlA* m e . ftUfttrjos AtUMfiUlPosition ! Lot atti 1 Cout i t i
I ! |i 1 1 i
7251 worn** wiJti, Iwyclij ivy-covwtd Hurt 741 17726 ptopk «mnd Ulto in 2*r4*n j 74! 18727 {2 yo w totiw, 2 toys w l i r tow72812 womta + *Mirly mm on rooksj tms7291 shwp crwins + tot&i
74 19?4i 20!
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ilocation viisi*dfii4
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•
bontion unsptoifiid7561 jirl vrf wt in w i757! 2 WOBM + aMld snr ?«tli vntt75S m»noni»loony739 jwplt, trt«infi*id760 commonfolk ovJtdoorj761 jyov&f wom»nls h«k on took
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e 19
Microfilm Reel # 1 - Beckendorf Archives
Film Distrfetift*Pe*itiom
7631 p«opk on eat, in front of k>us*764 womm in twawiv7651 w a t t siKiaff766 smtJl touts lD«kti fisniaff uts76? i VOVM p*op> MW fesfcs, stoat will768 {AMuuto*. Btrb** tasto., tr«f7691 womm on hill roeks, ivMzs frtgmtat770 roosttfSj cMiHct&Sj dtgi
777! strtw & w o 4 Jtgo4*778iBt8ros.ktts.tnts779| Viittt • St. 8tt$ta.'s Cti&ital
towJtion Mspwifad?8D|giri loy & man in wi mr k\iist781 i sailor, o f i w & womii o& JMJ782 youajf wom*i p«rtnsr torn luMud lii? cwtnia7837841 jto jl* tovi t f firm, wood sl*i7S5 nil, kill r i w786787788789790791792793
2 mti. wring) & irivtrjotjiaff m»n oft rook, w*Jt*rSosnovkn - Sophtt, Cony, Aitxundir, N*Jt*litl*opl* tfturisff otfrtuffi, orowd of onloekirjtoff in etair, room imriormta. on n a t o k M W H H kovi«ship - aists, ropts, younf womm slimlinemwts, ro$«s
794 j 2 men pl*y mvslc, 1 mift Hstns79579679?
nowwj2 mtn j k y mw«, 1 m*n listinssailor on snip, Rvjsi*n Ntvy fl*f, \nttr
798 troikkinfottJt799800
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301 i aistj jliJtform, piopl* oa jMp802 i suitors on sMj in sort803804805
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Page 20
Microfilm Reel ^ 1 - Beckendorf Archives
Film D«scrt9tloi.Fssliifti!
807 i tall sfttos&kftor808|sliis»fttrfcor809 fttrlor-^nts.sfti^^^ysgi
810 ifttrfcor-wiittr, tows81112 ott l t i iu , 1 Nnvy offtoroaiMk, tifita*812 N t w oftfetrs o& 419k, 9ir»it813 step 4wk - 2 atft, « a « % umittlk swwt814 i sailors o& took, w w of port
815jwo&fc&OftSftftbek316! 2 m*%, worn** oft JMP duck, ckirc, oRoanfts, w i t t
i
lo t ion wupidfud817 wom*& in smss fi»U, tr*ts313 &*ft wfcft <?Tip oft ttrnst, viitt, $lttis319 offistrs, eirriifftj k iwu, tm820 till sMp in W W821 jmii, vrf rifl* & 4of, pond, I n n822 j*ilorj on 4»ck323 crowd of $**s*ftt$ ovJtdoors
324 s vow? !***&** wommw1 i«k*f M W w*il825 offi»w in room, tulli, flvrtulu825! stftfrctft, k v i * . w»Jl mift wf ? I M82? 2 cteMriii, trtts828 j 2 yo w offiflirj oft Uftw* ( 1 siriow, 1 jmilinff)8291 i«$Oft Oft $Mp4iok
830 [toff In « k ^ room iafofier - l « f i Joors831 ftorsi & ctrtiw* w sisstftffirs & drivir
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8351 aflors Oft $ftt$*otrt836 i sailor ntw j hak teor83? SMJOTS rabx on stofeoiri ta^iftkmtftt. Ivildins338 s*itow worklaf on f Mp
839! J*ilor$ worttlw oft fMp
340 tro&k oft 3i»tj«Aiftfor»si341 i ntml fix*, uolvaw w1 ntsks, kiwi?842 SopMi843 ftors«s «ft4 Qirts Oft 4irt ptitft3441 ftor»s wif c«t, dnv*^ luttftgtr, trtts845 i woiiiii sitting btfort knut
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iitif* viry d«k
Microfilm Reel # 1 - Beckendorf Archives
Film iDcscriUlomPosition.
\
lotion M^p*i3if»484? 1 Vsuw L^bor- yu4oki, sMpSj k vildiLjj348i<womi&stimte849 i mm wf twfctt OL. sowt, a»t850 igttaaiffl,ro«lKJ tabs851 j man, womia, child, hfort how* \a4ir t««852 cowtliia, JMP853 N*Ulii854 1 mm on fcwyak, mm wuJkinff, krgi I t i l i frf855 j commonwomna wf chiMnn u i r will856! toy, a « . & ti&k of fliisvwi, trns
1
85? I vromni is ! cMM on raid858 fold, tms, 2 ptoplt859 j womtt & elkHAuft o& kvm, tnuJ law lidliuff
860 j 0 i oa ro B Wow sm8611 girl wJriif iv sMsik8621 toss on sl«re Won ham, doorwy863 2cMUrtiioiikwiiJttt«364 j moTUtfain i*tk, lio^tJ, movatwn tops
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8651 WQ&JA ovtioore, fiild, trtts^ sa*U pond, i u & 4of866 womii, trtts, pmth
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384i3mt&o&^or$i^k885 mm wiOklLf In wwir, tms
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Page 22
Microfilm Reel * I - Beckendorf Archives
rum DtscnftioiFosiitoi
886 i tonrwfcl tons*, froait jmri88? S man lying down on bwn - otosi-us888! ptuults in foil, j i n x vrf suaovw389 {rvnd kmis , torsi, sirring*, $*i iisgirs890 j a*n sktskf \>n4tr tnt891 i pwutfi in fi*ldJ jisnifl «tot^ « a o w892 {ma & p«»nt w a i n wfohild, hoitf*, ywi, ehtokin*
Iwttion vnimdfkd
893 j wirs tiaifroaoowt8941 womu, ann, gift ioff u i r stnum tms, etstk8951 tagttjtnts., aouaJtuntop396 j woau^chiMnn, Ivsltt
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8589? i room iaforior- fwiit wi,jortndt J i 853981 room inJt*rior tilkJ^ooksJsortmlts 853991 room isktrior- fvrait wi , lortra&s^ vw« ! 85900 {room i&ttrior- oowK ckir, portr»it s 85901 i room itftrtor- ohnirc^ookj9021 room iaitirior- eowkcbir.ckHjk.aisc,9031 room iuitiriof- cbir, vtnAow, misc,9041 mi&,2 vromin on husk vrf t i u j i rwkit.9051 j «opk on twfJ ib'ttiks906 i womu. in formil Inss, iwk of mtft In to} kit90? i room irttrtor, chiiw Jiik^wtiias, 2 womtn, + mi»90§ norsiwi9091 a m in top nri, woamjoliiiiR910 a#nintoj bit wfcifiir, «rowl in formii * » »9111 M i ? ea rw« ksrst, crowd of istrtitors912! M i ? o& rm now*, S5«t*tofi in formil tan913 j woatn.2 oMUnn, Ivshit, aovntidnj914 j a*n on Unnis court, 2 oMUnn, t«« , wo««oii«915 riilwuv, noyjif, 1121 flute9161 ftun, woain, child untor nmkilk on k\m wftms91? i kny«s on «mtaakm«!tj lure* mtj918 j 2 5*0jk, to? on grass, mowtfftiu919 j iuildinffs boss. MvstrklL itrUl wirt f*nc«92012 mi l in rowiott, co«tJ aountiiiu921! ksis v^ optn s*ili docktd9221 soaaonwoaui stindinc ot jton* dock923 i tarts kre« opin sii]s on wutir924 j k w AOVJI, ivy «ov»n4 wiJli, inkwi?925: vnttir^otjt wf lirft optn s«ll snowin? cross926 j woa*n itur stoat towir, cawcn, hilltop92?! 2 ooaaonwoa*n vrf LAR'SE tag* u i r stou w»il928 j moTjntiin, ibsctndinf tltinm, vl»w of v*Qt?
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e23
Microfilm Reel # 1 - Beokendorf Archives
Film Dtsfr i ) t ioiPositioai
929 girl *Jt vrtJtftrfovjUMHj ioy warty, lttip, piling wch.930 girl in irctoimy, tt ik wf taints, foods
!; location jnsptsifud
931 {sotttil roti wtil, ttwsfcj wosk * dof932 • ruls, tows, Htts, gurita*9331 commonwomtn wf Mff kikt! of woodin spoons9341 yo w woman in small pacod*93512 &ta» w t a k i eoairujtion, wiJl, touts J*a»ost936 j man o 4 loff on ttmiiw, teorwii?937! wka sp*«, kiw*!, wopk, lorn & etirfet938 i wkn stntt J how is, ptopl*939! l&vs* 4Jtttrior, stow will9401 tn« lifttd j o ^ M o w941 jwlmis , urekwif, rooftops942 k>ut«s943! stntt kioiki j jiopli, fbwwj944 p«3iic#«hvftv945 j l a i wJkbff on fisMaff wts, rooks9461 womta nalir tnt. tilt to}9471 mil, worn** o& siUvrtJk^wks.kvji^nw?948! stratt m*H{ttJ eirl.insk^s.lwm vm^nUns^usts9 9 kir« buildup
I
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Page 24
Microfilm Reel # 1 - Beckendori Archives
Film D«sfrt)ttoiPojltioi
i
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2 offiwrj on JMJ
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99S996
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99? i vrtjttr, iotJES, ioDt to i998: Unit J, i v i l l t e , tons et k w L iiltf ksMj j off-ooul999
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1001 j silfaowttt of ffvlplmJts.wDtir.ooiitliM100210031 ilMaik Mm vrtiljni?
1004 v o w rirl oft puli in fon& k m tnii1005 j duUnfi, ki\u* wH, ?bti«liM1006 Mrektrats1007! skv wfolovfc. st*f ionJt1008 i iviiJiif vrftow*^^*?1009! womm stfc&i&g on ro?k wf imbttlk
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Page 2
Microfilm Reel # 1 - Beckendorf Archives
Film sDtstriitiftmPosition
1011 j &*i 01 ptii in fonst, tmt1012 i girl & ley skyiif, j tok wornm in bMkgrcumd1013! boiitbowtjbo^coutlin*1014! stvttnl &t i in big bo*t
1015! tonei, toasts, moyntiin1016 • ftMfj viiw of oowtliw, aouHun1017 2 wom«n on btncL tws1018 j v»w of mo^iins, now*?, 50«tlin*1019 sMLNft, cut, wfcll w/ wialowi
1020 j girl iitoorwiy1021 girlonmovn£iin*id*
1022 w & a & girl utr roti wmt*r, stats10231024102S
1030 Ptopk o i pmtkhnctjuMs103112 women on mounltwnsii* .rosksjtmi
10321033
wivts bitting Umkt rafltction of sunw*v*s bitting snow, svn
1034: strati ttflscttd in wUtir
1035 i chiMttn in gmrli^vjit^vs*
1036 sirl o i doorsttp.stont w*]Iiw1037 wtvis kit Jkow1038 doflks, iouts - som< vrf o H i s t i b1039 tovrist bo*Jt sflout1040 kr«( ssilbonjt bo«^«d by 2 min^cks.wunr
1041 i dirt p*ft,$iigkti foetjtaff tmt
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Page 26
Microfilm Reel # 1 - Beckendorf Archives
Film Dtscrtft io*
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10551056105?
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stdUoits, docks, fttlghlt, l irsi JMPsoUttrs o& movfijt*iatoj NITIM*, vi*w of viJity
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1160j4*&i««41161 i isopk oft tmta&k&t&t., ^imlsJnis1162! Pl«it8ttMwflo-3«i«4rtl1163 \ 4oors of Sifi&srat ?*ik^*l1164i&ofikjftiirlift1165 {&£&*** & qv*rt - k y j « , pwpli.rooftop?, mi?c:
1166 i R*a*iss»Mi JiVJrt^vildiiiffjJoTatidii
1168 ikfom^ndii^liffhif11691 R*uiss««!t ^ n i ^ n ^ ir^^jiojli
120?j woman stiidii&toidliiiissj'ooftoss1208i vto&sbMV - ^ t m ^ b r s * kuildij^120912 mil oi jMjdtsk, l*)M it«r&$ wfotUtalfti1210 pircon sitting1 tafon kuji, piop k lyJsfcoi INSS1211 '• Ntf of s&fdl )*^>_\y^tif.Vyilftjh"1Hiiff
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Page 36
Microfilm Reel # l - Beckendorf Archives
Film DtscrlftlomPosit io*
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1441 iailtoiafiilita*?
14^ioMst*irat«1443 i yo w worn**, log, rock, grass14441 w&*aItnt$j|t&1445 ! rcitoi^ Jtwa *afiia*,tr«i .hill*1446 j womaiLgrcssJ.trMSJkro*f Mils144? j 3 woa*& in sirii&jitw tms^fiaw1448I 2 w o a t a ^ ^ t n t s1449iw&*&1tm$jfci211450 j ?o w woma. on stow Jtiirotf t^ftojuilinff14511 wnUjirehttjtiira.ciutoik
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1438 flliff14591 j*opl* oa. sto&fc plutform1460 insidit ckv*1461 j p*oj!» on Jt*pj in cliff1462 miOi rt^TOckJ
1463 i old worn*! ?«tlif on wkjriu^lifff1464! 2 wom«n si cliffsidt.boidrtil1465 ptopl* it t*^k owtoors1466 tatry to o*v«146?! 3 woa«n JASJ4I «t,vt,¥bw of eliffs1468 j 3 wom«ni2 m » on Wklm'^wzl ^ laJtry to civ*
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Paqe 37
Microfilm Reel # 1 - Beckendorf Archives
Film DtstriftioiPofitioa
Sosnovk^ 19001473 i woa»n wf ttnnis rwfctt
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