Belonging

Belonging

Relationships are essential to finding a true sense of belongingDiscuss with reference to your prescribed text and related text/sDue to the complex and abstract nature of the concept of belonging, a true sense of belonging can be found in different circumstances for different people. As each individual has their own desires, needs and values, they find their place in the world and a genuine sense of belonging in various avenues. Many individuals find the strongest sense of belonging through relationships, due to the fact that by nature these connections fulfill the human need for social interaction and enrich the lives of the persons involved. Conversely, relationships which do not fit the conventional model of this kind of connection and thus result in negative outcomes for individuals can ultimately lead to a true sense of not belonging and its related notions of isolation and disaffection. Instead, these individuals may attain the same sense that they truly belong outside relationships, though their connections to other ideas such as place and culture, or within themselves. Shakespeares As You Like It and Khyenstse Norbus Travellers and Magicians are two texts in which an exploration of belonging and its different meanings for individuals ultimately leads to a deeper understanding of the complexity of the concept of belonging and thus that individuals can find a true sense of belonging in a great range of places, not limited to relationships.Relationships by nature embody ideas of a connection on a psychological level between two people which can fulfill other fundamental human needs such as the need for social interaction, and thus can result in the individuals involved attaining a true sense of belonging. When individuals find meaning and purpose in connections with other people, as they often do in relationships, the need to belong is fulfilled in the greatest sense as the individuals life is enriched by the positive outcomes for their self esteem, security and stability. This idea can be seen in the relationship between Adam and Orlando set up by Shakespeare in As You Like It. Adam promises that he will follow thee to the last gasp with truth and loyalty when Orlando decides to go to the forest. By changing the rhyme scheme for Adams declaration of commitment to Orlando, Shakespeare effectively emphasizes the lack of superficiality that exists in this relationship as opposed to other relationships he sets up in the play. In their relationship, Orlando finds purpose and stability in his life, knowing he has another person who will always look out for him, just as Adam finds purpose knowing he will always be in the company of Orlando, seen where he states Fortune cannot recompense me better than to die well and not my masters debtor. Through this, Shakespeare communicates that in relationships which are built on trust, loyalty or other solid connections between people, individuals can find meaning, stability, purpose and thus a true sense that they belong. In Travellers and Magicians Norbu inquires into similar ideas which support the value of relationships in the search for a true sense of belonging. In the relationship between Tashi and Deki, Norbu communicates the idea of their deeper connection on all levels through quickly alternating close ups between the expressive eyes of Deki and Tashi, which create the idea that their souls and desires are connecting as their eyes remain fixed on one another. The couple is also often presented on equal terms embracing each other, caring and showing affection through mid shots. Their connection leads Tashi to exclaim If I never left this place, and died right here with you, I would not die unhappy. Norbu thus effectively supports the idea that meaning and purpose can be found in real connections with others, and that consequently individuals can find the strongest sense of belonging in relationships such as these. Through this relationship, he also inquires further into the reasons why relationships can lead to a individual feeling that they truly belong. By suggesting that the positive outcomes which the human psyche correlates with attaining a sense of belonging, such as understanding, stability and care manifest themselves in relationships, Norbu advocates and supports the almost inextricable link between belonging and relationships.Whilst there may be an almost inextricable link between belonging and relationships, not all relationships ultimately lead to individuals finding a genuine sense of belonging which manifests itself in positive outcomes for their lives. Some relationships can be driven by the quest to maintain control, have power and maintain authority over others or by the decisively one sided benefits to one of the individuals involved. In these relationships, it is more likely that individuals find themselves not belonging, isolated and disaffected rather than finding a true sense of belonging. This idea is expanded on by Norbu in Travellers and Magicians. The relationship between Deki and Agay is characterized by Agays domination of his young and beautiful wife. This is emphasized through low shots which place the vertically challenged Agay in a position of power over Deki and his statement to Tashi that he makes her live in the isolated hut with him because We may grow old, but our jealousy stays young. Deki is thus presented by Norbu as isolated in her relationship; she does not feel the strong connection with Agay that conventional notions of being in the marriage relationship would suggest. Thus through the negative consequences for Deki of being in a relationship with Tashi, and her strong sense of isolation and the feeling she does not truly belong, Norbu communicates the idea that relationships are not always central for individuals trying to find a true sense of belonging. Shakespeare through the representation of a relationship in which love is unrequited similarly challenges the connection between relationships and a true sense of belonging. Whilst Phoebe ends up marrying Silvius, there is a lot of ambiguity in whether she truly loves him and thus has attained a genuine sense of belonging in this relationship. When they marry, all Phoebe comments is I will not eat my word now thou art mine Thy faith and my fancy to thee doth combine. A rhyming couplet draws emphasis to this section of the play, where it is not resolved whether Phoebe truly commits her whole self into this relationship, and thus whether Silvius will experience the positive outcomes of the relationship he has desired throughout the play. In this ambiguity, Shakespeare supports the notion that individuals do not always find the greatest sense that they belong in relationships, especially relationships which are unequal and result in negative outcomes for individuals.Individuals can find a true sense of belonging outside the confines of a relationship in connections to ideas such as culture, place or even within themselves. As each individual is intrinsically different, so are the ways in which they fulfill the fundamental human need to belong. Norbu presents the ideas that individuals can find contentment and fulfill the need to belong through connection to traditional culture and village life. In the first scene, a series of quickly changing mid shots show the activities of daily life in their rural setting. The villagers all wear traditional Ghos and shrieks of joy emphasized through an echo when practicing archery suggest they are content with these repetitive activities. Essentially, they conform to the expectations of their traditional culture and life and find a true sense of belonging and fulfillment in this connection. Norbu thus demonstrates in this connection that a true sense of belonging and its positive outcomes can be found outside relationships. Duke Senior in As You Like It, can similarly be described as finding a genuine sense of belonging and contentment with his place and environment, the Forest of Arden. He asks Amiens and the audience Are not these woods More free from peril than the envious court? In the use of the words free from peril, Shakespeare suggests that in this place Duke Senior feels comfortable, content and untroubled and thus has developed a true sense of belonging with this place. The character of Jacques also finds an inner contentment within his meaningless existence.. At the end of the play, Jacques states I am for other than for dancing measures and retires to Duke Seniors abandoned cave. He deliberately chooses not to belong in relationships with his comrades, instead he finds his own sense of contentment within himself, and thus Shakespeare demonstrates that a true sense of belonging can be found within an individual.The complexity of the concept of belonging often means that individuals find belonging in different places to other individuals. Whilst many individuals can attain a true sense of belonging in relationships, due to the nature of these connections and the positive outcomes they have for individuals, there are some relationships in which individuals experience the opposite from truly belonging. Furthermore, there are many circumstances outside the confines of relationships in which individuals can attain a genuine sense of belonging, including culture, place and within themselves. Analysis of a range of texts including As You Like It and Travellers and Magicians inquire into these ideas and foster an appreciation for the need to consider different circumstances and individuals before making assumptions about the multifaceted concept of belonging. Ultimately, relationships are often the connections in which individuals find the truest sense that they belong, but the fulfillment of the fundamental need to belong is not strictly limited to the confines of a relationship.

Make sure you follow the following steps in your responses: Understand the concept how belonging is represented in the text Critical Analysis how the composer shapes meaning through techniques Personal understanding how studying the concept has broadened your view on yourself and the worldWHAT TO LOOK FORThere needs to be an analysis of human relationships and connections to individuals, groups, society and environmentConsider how perceptions of belonging can be affected by people, places and communities. How do individuals negotiate approval to belong?Benefits:protection, support, stability, love and acceptanceNegative:how does it affect personal choice, self expression, identity and freedom?Understand the concept of not belonging: non-acceptance, alienation, isolation, non-conformist, ostracism, and the price of individuality.What is Belonging? Connections to people or places create a sense of belonging A sense of belonging is created through connections to groups and communities A sense of belonging to the larger world is important Belonging can enrich our identity and relationships, and can lead to acceptance and understanding Individuals can challenge or enrich groups and communities Attitudes towards belonging can change over time Sometimes we choose not to belong Barriers in society and groups can prevent belonging Belonging can have negative repercussions for the individualSynonyms: Affiliation Connection Alliance Affinity Association Attachment Relationship Rapport Closeness IdentifyPaul Reubens 5 stage Alienation Journey:1. Alienation- personal reflection leading to steps taken to alter the situation2. Initiation feeling of not belonging3. Journey such as leaving home, signifying change4. Suffering physical or psychological suffering, serving to purge or cleanse the past. Leads to personal reflection5. Reconciliation Painful self examination, things are reconciled and a removal of the feeling of not belonging. Happens with a discovery of a new place and situation OR a return to the former place. This initiates a sense of belonging. (new perspective)

Understanding nourishes belonging . . .a lack of understanding prevents it.Demonstrate how your prescribed text and ONE other related text of your own choosing represent this interpretation of belonging.STEP ONE: Understanding? Nourish? Lack? Prevent?Notes from the Marking Centre:The interpretation of understanding varied, with many candidates taking it as a cue to discuss cultural awareness and tolerance, while others interpreted it in a broader way, discussing issues of self-awareness, understanding of societal dynamics or a more holistic sense of human connection and our relationship with the natural world. Depending on their interpretation of the quotation, and their texts, candidates then chose to focus on one aspect of the quotation, or both.The better responses demonstrated the ability to engage perceptively with the comment and then apply their knowledge to develop a sustained thesis which linked their texts to their thesis in an insightful way. These responses sustained and built on their argument, augmenting their points with judiciously chosen textual details and astute analysis of both texts. An ability to craft a skilfully integrated argument also distinguished highly developed responses.Another feature of the stronger responses was the discerning choice of one piece of related material. Related texts that enabled candidates to enhance or strengthen their argument through subtle comparison or stark contrast marked out these better scripts. It was evident from the responses that some candidates found it difficult to sustain a detailed argument because they had restricted themselves to related material that offered little scope for a discussion and analysis in light of the comment and question.RAIMOND GAITA,ROMULUS MY FATHERStronger responses engaged confidently with the quotation, skilfully connecting the experiences of the different characters with the notion of understanding, and evaluating the extent to which their sense of belonging had been nourished in Australia. These responses tended to start with the central idea of belonging to, and understanding, a particular culture, but then developed their argument as they considered the relationships between the characters, the isolation of Christine, the connection of Raimond to the Australian landscape, or the transcendent sense of common humanity that Romulus ultimately felt. Many also incorporated insightful discussion of the migrant experience and its differing impact on Raimond and the other immigrant characters in the text. These responses were discerning in their choice of textual support, demonstrating a strong grasp of the text as a whole, its structure and philosophical tone.Weaker responses focused more literally on the notion of characters being understood or misunderstood without meaningful analysis of the consequences of this and with little or no discussion of the concept of nourishment. These responses tended to be more narrow in focus and limited to just one aspect of the text, for example Romulus and the landscape. These responses often relied on retell and where textual features were identified they were often not explained or connected to the concept or the comment.STEP TWO Points to explore: Address the notion of understanding by evaluating the extent to which the characters sense of belonging had been nourished in Australia. Look at belonging to, and understanding, a particular culture, then developed the argument to consider the relationships between the characters, the isolation of Christine, the connection of Raimond to the Australian landscape, or the transcendent sense of common humanity that Romulus ultimately felt. Discuss the migrant experience and its differing impact on Raimond and the other immigrant characters in the text.TASK:1. Post the best Introduction in your group below2. Include three topic sentences you will use to argue the thesis presented in the introduction3. Before you post anything, make sure all sentences are grammatically sound. Please ensure you break down any convoluted sentences back to their simplest form (simple sentences) and reconstruct appropriately.SAMPLE INTRODUCTION:Understanding and belonging have a curious relationship. On the one hand, understanding or empathy for others helps you to accept them and to be inclusive. Lack of understanding is also often necessary if one is already in a situation of belonging; knowing about what and who you belong to can offer emotional nourishment. This latter interpretation of understanding and belonging is in play in the biographyRomulus, May Father.Developed from a eulogy for his father, Raimond Gaita uses the process of memory to understand his past and what he belongs to. The same search for what it means to belong can be seen in Debra Oswalds playGarys House, which explores the importance of family and the Australian dream of owning a house. In both texts, the writer, Raimond Gaita and the protagonist, Gary, come to an understanding of what belonging means to them; self-awareness is the main focus in both. This self-awareness include the knowledge of what it means not to be understood. For each, belonging is also about ideas and beliefs. What we also see implicitly through comments made about the respective pasts of each person is that lack of understanding can prevent belonging.TOPIC SENTENCES: Belonging is often deeply connected to place and for migrants venturing to a new land there is an obvious dislocation from place. Gaita follows the pathway of his parents from Germany to Australia in 1950. Gary, the eponymous protagonist of GH, also finds himself in a different setting form what he has been used to. Like Romulus, he has made the decision to move but, unlike Romulus, he embraces his new place positively. The struggle he undergoes to achieve a home mark him as an Aussie battler, part of the Austra;ian physche, belonging to a cultural tradition. For Gaitas family the struggle is just as tough but the outcome is different. Gaitas family goes against the usual espectations applied to a make household, with the most important impetuses for Gaita being reading and thinking. While these texts are a celebration of belonging, they also illustrate the lack of belonging that eventuates when there is no understanding. Romulus doesnt understand the landscape and he never belongs there. In his attempt to understand his roots and in particular his mother, Gaita searches through photos, asks neighbours for their memories, and interrogates his own experiences The same search for meaning through understanding his past is conveyed in the dialogue of Gary, who shares the stories of his life, justifying his need for a home.CONCLUSION So it can be seen that the pathway to belonging is not an easy one. Belonging comes about from the understanding of others around you as they embrace you and invite you into their lives..6 THOUGHTS ON - 2009 HSC QUESTIONWORKSHOP1. JhaouchabJUNE 24, 2013 AT 12:14 AM3. Understanding nourishes belonginga lack of understanding prevents it.Demonstrate how your prescribed text and one other related text represent this interpretation of belongingDue to the complex nature of the concept of belonging, a true sense of belonging can be found in different circumstances for different people. Although, some people may fail to embrace a sense or experience of truly belonging due to a lack of understanding which prevents it. This is heavily portrayed through characters such as Christine within Raimond Gaitas memoir, Romulus, My Father, where her illness accounts for her inability to true belong to her family.Reply2. Matias- I have place all 3 responses hereJUNE 24, 2013 AT 1:14 AM2011: Explore how perceptions of belonging and not belonging can be influenced by connections to places.Belonging is represented as an evolved necessity; a requirement that individuals attain which allows one to develop connections with others as well as the wider world around them. The sense of belonging evolves from the continual ability for individuals to reconcile identity within the bounds of their external social paradigm. Raimond Gaitas biographical memoir, Romulus, My Father (RMF), focuses on how the lack of social identification and resulting personal conflict is attributed to the protagonists divergent morality. In the memoir, Romulus affiliation to the European culture and landscape directly impacts the way he is able to settle in Australia and connect with the Australian community. Further, the film Rise of the Planet of the Apes (RPA) by Rupert Wyatt, is a story told through the life of a chimpanzee named Caesar who proves to the viewer that a sense of affiliation to people and places is affected through the maturity of the mind as a direct implication of the passage of time and by those who share similar qualities and characteristics. Ultimately, these texts portray the way in which a sense of belonging changes with time and the way in which individuals are able to connect with people and places.2010: An individuals interaction with others and the world around them can enrich or limit their experience of belonging.Belonging is represented as an evolved necessity; a requirement that individuals attain which allows one to develop connections with others as well as the wider world around them. The limit or enrichment of belonging evolves from the continual ability for individuals to reconcile identity within the bounds of their external social paradigm. Raimond Gaitas biographical memoir, Romulus, My Father (RMF), focuses on how the lack of social identification and resulting personal conflict is attributed to the protagonists divergent morality. Further, the film Rise of the Planet of the Apes (RPA) by Rupert Wyatt, is a story told through the life of a chimpanzee named Caesar who proves to the viewer that a sense of affiliation to people and places is affected through the maturity of the mind as a direct implication of the passage of time and by those who share similar qualities and characteristics. Ultimately, these texts portray the way in which a sense of belonging can be enriched or limited through the passage of time and the way in which individuals are able to connect with people and places.2009: Understanding nourishes belonging a lack of understanding prevents it.Belonging is represented as an evolved necessity; a requirement that individuals attain through the understanding of others which allows one to develop connections with others as well as the wider world around them. The sense of belonging evolves from the continual ability for individuals to reconcile identity within the bounds of their external social paradigm. Raimond Gaitas biographical memoir, Romulus, My Father (RMF), focuses on how the protagonists divergent morality is affected by the lack of others to empathise with his family situation and through the strong connection between father and son as a resultant of their understanding of one another. Further, the film Rise of the Planet of the Apes (RPA) by Rupert Wyatt, is a story told through the life of a chimpanzee named Caesar who proves to the viewer that a sense of affiliation to people and places is directly influenced by the ability of others to understand his needs and by those who share similar qualities and characteristics. Ultimately, these texts portray the way in which a sense of belonging is affected through the ability of others to understand one another and the way in which individuals are able to connect with people and places.Reply3. danielbJUNE 24, 2013 AT 11:42 AMAn understanding of people places and communities provides the framework towards creating a sense of belonging. Varying perceptions and core beliefs create a variety of interpretations within individual leading to differing views on belonging. In the memoir Romulus my Father (RMF) written by Raimond Gaita, examples are presented of how differing core ideals and a lack of understanding can isolate an individual from their own environment. Similarly in the poem Island Man written by Grace Nichols a psychological struggle is presented within an immigrant moving from the Caribbean to the different landscape of England.Reply4. Jared DJUNE 24, 2013 AT 10:56 PMBelonging is achieved through understanding not only ones environment, but also ones place in the world. This knowledge facilitates the development of belonging, and cannot occur unless individuals go out of their way to forge connections with the larger world. Failure to interpret their position in society can emit a sense of alienation accompanied by an emotional detachment from their surroundings. This is portrayed in the memoir Romulus, My Father (1998) written by Raimond Gaita through the exploration of the hardships Romulus and his family experienced from the migration into Australia. Similarly, the dramatic film My Sisters Keeper (2009) directed by Nick Cassavetes follows the journey of Anna Fitzgerald who faces internal conflict as her desire to exist independently contradicts her main purpose in life of keeping her sister alive. Both texts observe the fundamental human experience of understanding, highlighting its necessity for belonging.Reply5. MatiasJUNE 24, 2013 AT 11:00 PM2011: Explore how perceptions of belonging and not belonging can be influenced by connections to places.Belonging is represented as an evolved necessity; a requirement that individuals attain which allows one to develop connections with others as well as the wider world around them. The sense of belonging evolves from the continual ability for individuals to reconcile identity within the bounds of their external social paradigm. Raimond Gaitas biographical memoir, Romulus, My Father (RMF), focuses on how the lack of social identification and resulting personal conflict is attributed to the protagonists divergent morality. In the memoir, Romulus affiliation to the European culture and landscape directly impacts the way he is able to settle in Australia and connect with the Australian community. Further, the film Rise of the Planet of the Apes (RPA) by Rupert Wyatt, is a story told through the life of a chimpanzee named Caesar who proves to the viewer that a sense of affiliation to people and places is affected through the maturity of the mind as a direct implication of the passage of time and by those who share similar qualities and characteristics. Ultimately, these texts portray the way in which a sense of belonging changes with time and the way in which individuals are able to connect with people and places.Reply6. CNashJUNE 24, 2013 AT 11:07 PMThe foundation upon which a relationship and a connection with another person is formed is through understanding. Understanding one another allows each individual to commit to the relationship what they know to be necessary while able to maintain a sense of their individuality and identity. This is evident in Raimond Gaitas memoir Romulus, My Father, where a migrant family struggles with cultural and social displacement in 20th century Australia, and in Christopher Nolans The Dark Knight film trilogy, where an outcast toes the line between hero and vigilante while he fights to restore his city from the depths of crime. Both texts display various senses of belonging and how people, places and groups affect them.

2011 HSC QuestionWorkshopExplore how perceptions of belonging and not belonging can be influenced by connections to places.In your response, refer to your prescribed text and at least ONE other related text of your own choosing.STEP ONE: Perception? Influenced? Connections to place?Notes from the Marking Centre:Candidates approaches to the question varied, with many considering the statement as an opportunity to discuss the positive or negative impact of place on ones sense of belonging. Other candidates offered the view that a connection to place alone was not the sole determinant of belonging, suggesting that ideas of place are inextricably connected with notions of identity and human relationships, among others.Stronger responses demonstrated the candidates ability to skilfully engage with the comment and apply their knowledge to develop a strong thesis. Better responses sustained this thesis throughout the response through a discerning selection of textual detail and a perceptive analysis of both the prescribed text and a text or texts of their own choosing. These candidates applied conceptual ideas to their responses and used textual details as a means to support their level of conceptual understanding. They showed a discerning choice of texts, using related materials that clearly demonstrated insight into the concept of belonging and the question being examined.RAIMOND GAITA,ROMULUS MY FATHERIn stronger responses, candidates developed an insightful discussion of how affiliations to the natural landscape and relationships with others can provide a connection to the broader society. Others developed their argument around the notion that a connection to place is not always necessary in shaping ones sense of belonging, instead focussing on Romulus social integration and connections to his community, as well as his growing understanding of a common humanity. Furthermore, these candidates skilfully contrasted the experiences and changing perceptions of Romulus, Christine and Raimond and the subsequent impact of these perceptions on their sense of belonging.Belonging or not belonging to place as a result of cultural heritage was also addressed and many candidates incorporated an insightful discussion of the differing impacts of the migrant experience on the central characters. This often focused on the incompatibility of Australian culture and landscape and their Romanian heritage. This was contrasted with Raimonds strong affinity with place resulting in a heightened sense of belonging. A judicious selection of related material assisted candidates in the development of their argument. These responses were also discerning in their selection of textual detail, demonstrating a holistic understanding of the text.In weaker responses, candidates focused more literally on simplistic ideas about belonging and not belonging being dependent on embracing or rejecting ones physical environment or surroundings. These responses tended to be limited to just one aspect of the text, such as Romulus belonging being restricted by an unfamiliar environment and Christines disconnection to place as result of mental illness. These responses primarily relied on elements of retell and where textual features were identified they were not analysed or explained within the context of the question.STEP TWO Points to explore: How do affiliations to the natural landscape and relationships with others provide a connection to the broader society? Connection to place is not always necessary in shaping ones sense of belonging; focus on Romulus social integration and connections to his community, as well as his growing understanding of a common humanity. Contrast the experiences and changing perceptions of Romulus, Christine and Raimond and the subsequent impact of these perceptions on their sense of belonging. Look at cultural heritage: the differing impacts of the migrant experience on the central characters. Eg: incompatibility of Australian culture and landscape and their Romanian heritage contrasted with Raimonds strong affinity with place resulting in a heightened sense of belonging.TASK:1. Post the best Introduction in your group below2. Include three topic sentences you will use to argue the thesis presented in the introduction3. Before you post anything, make sure all sentences are grammatically sound. Please ensure you break down any convoluted sentences back to their simplest form (simple sentences) and reconstruct appropriately.7 THOUGHTS ON - 2011 HSC QUESTIONWORKSHOP1. JhaouchabJUNE 24, 2013 AT 12:16 AM2. Expore how perceptions of belonging and not belonging can be influenced by connections to places.Belonging is one of the fundamental human needs for companionship and security. For those who have a place where they belong such as with a family or the community, they are able to feel safe and content. For those who dont belong or cannot fit into their surroundings, they are faced with problems of alienation and loneliness. These different aspects of belonging are reflected throughout Raimond Gaitas memoir Romulus, My Father. It explores the cultural and national belongings which are central themes that drive the characterisations of certain individuals.Reply2. Bryan.LJUNE 24, 2013 AT 1:20 AMThe extent to which groups and individuals are perceived to belong within their surrounding environments, are shaped by their connection with places they interact with. Raimond Gaitas memoir Romulus, My Father (RMF) actively portrays a sense of belonging derived from divergent perceptions of the Australian landscape; detailing the hardships associated with the migrantexperience.Insimilar light, the television sitcom, How I Met Your Mother depicts the daily interactions of individuals within their social mediums as they progressively attain a sense of belonging from each other and their mutual connection with the bustling cityscape. Characters of both texts engage in a sense of belonging through their perceptions of people, places, and the world around them.Reply3. danielbJUNE 24, 2013 AT 11:41 AMOur perception of belonging constantly evolves due to frequent interactions with an ever-changing environment. Exposure to new and different places is able to evoke new feelings out of individuals about what it means to have a true affiliation within a community. The memoir Romulus my Father (RMF), written by Raimond Gaita explores the ways different personalities are able to adapt to a new environment and feel a sense of affiliation. Similarly, the poem Island Man by Grace Nichols outlines the psychological battle an immigrant encompasses in moving to England from his native Caribbean. Furthermore a connection to a place is not always necessary if a sense of community and social integration exists for the individual.Reply4. Jared DJUNE 24, 2013 AT 10:58 PMBelonging is a fundamental human need and is a desired share by all. Individuals have varying unique perspectives on belonging and not belonging based on a number of factors. One such factor is connection to places, including to physical places and positions in society, as these connections have the ability to influence whether the individual has a positive or negative perception of belonging. Romulus, My Father, a memoir written by Raimond Gaita demonstrates how familiarity ultimately triggers a sense of belonging through the representation of the difficulties of migration into Australia. Similarly, the dramatic film My Sisters Keeper directed by Nick Cassavetes explores how feelings of belonging and connection to others are significantly affected by peoples understanding of place.Reply5. MatiasJUNE 24, 2013 AT 10:58 PM2011: Explore how perceptions of belonging and not belonging can be influenced by connections to places.Belonging is represented as an evolved necessity; a requirement that individuals attain which allows one to develop connections with others as well as the wider world around them. The sense of belonging evolves from the continual ability for individuals to reconcile identity within the bounds of their external social paradigm. Raimond Gaitas biographical memoir, Romulus, My Father (RMF), focuses on how the lack of social identification and resulting personal conflict is attributed to the protagonists divergent morality. In the memoir, Romulus affiliation to the European culture and landscape directly impacts the way he is able to settle in Australia and connect with the Australian community. Further, the film Rise of the Planet of the Apes (RPA) by Rupert Wyatt, is a story told through the life of a chimpanzee named Caesar who proves to the viewer that a sense of affiliation to people and places is affected through the maturity of the mind as a direct implication of the passage of time and by those who share similar qualities and characteristics. Ultimately, these texts portray the way in which a sense of belonging changes with time and the way in which individuals are able to connect with people and places.Reply6. CNashJUNE 24, 2013 AT 11:10 PMAn individuals sense of belonging or not belonging can be affected by their links to place. Such a perception evolves and develops over time as they interact with the world. This is evident in Raimond Gaitas memoir Romulus, My Father, where a migrant family struggles with cultural and social displacement in 20th century Australia, and in Christopher Nolans The Dark Knight film trilogy, where an outcast toes the line between hero and vigilante while he fights to restore his city from the depths of crime. Both texts display various senses of belonging and how people, places and groups affect them.Reply7. Kiran SJUNE 24, 2013 AT 11:17 PMBelonging is a universally ubiquitous concept for humanity, and due to this, it can be swayed and moulded by ones connection to not just physical but metaphysical place. Various textual forms envisages paths through which an individuals personal perception of belonging can be influenced by their own view on where they stand within their own world. The migrant experience is one notion which shows how ones experiences in different locations can play with an individuals sense of belonging, one text that is able to explore this concept is Raimond Gaitas memoir Romulus My Father. The Riders by Tim Winton is reflective of Irish mythology as Winton portrays familial relationships as broken and artificial. Both authors are able to transcend the physical world and explore concepts of how belonging can be influenced by ones connection to place.Reply2012 HSC QuestionWorkshopAn individuals perceptions of belonging evolve in response to the passage of time and interaction with their world.In what ways is this view of belonging represented in your prescribed text and at least ONE other related text of your own choosing?STEP ONE: Perception? Evolve? Time? Interaction? Belonging itself doesnt modify over time, rather the things we belong to modify over time. Perception is what changes through experience.Notes from the Marking Centre:Candidates approaches to the question varied. Most accepted the central role of both time and interaction in the evolution of a sense of belonging while others challenged the thesis, suggesting that time and interaction with the individuals world were not the sole determinants of a sense of belonging.In better responses, candidates skilfully engaged with the question, and applied their knowledge to develop a strong thesis, well supported by their analysis of a judicious selection of textual details and features. Candidates made discerning text choices, and used related materials that demonstrated sufficient insight into the concept of belonging to sustain a sophisticated response to the question.RomulusIn better responses, candidates confidently explored how perceptions of belonging and not belonging evolve as a result of the passage of time and various interactions and connections with the world. In these responses, candidates developed an insightful discussion of how familial relationships and affiliations to the natural landscape and broader society can be strengthened or challenged by the passage of time. Furthermore, in these responses, candidates skilfully contrasted the experiences and the changing perceptions of belonging of Romulus, Christine and Raimond in the context of their migrant experience.In many responses, candidates explored how the influence of previous environments, such as Romuluss powerful connection to the past, can inhibit future interactions, but how the passage of time can result in eventual understanding and acceptance. Candidates focused on the reflections of the adult narrator Raimond and his eventual understanding of Christines mental illness and his strengthening relationship with Romulus. A judicious selection of related material allowed candidates the scope to develop a cohesive and sophisticated response. In these responses, candidates were also discerning in their selection of textual features, demonstrating a holistic understanding of the text.STEP TWO Points to explore: How can familial relationships and affiliations to the natural landscape and broader society be strengthened or challenged by the passage of time? Contrast the experiences and the changing perceptions of belonging of Romulus, Christine and Raimond in the context of their migrant experience. How does the influence of previous environments, such as Romuluss powerful connection to the past, inhibit future interactions? How does the passage of time result in eventual understanding and acceptance? Look at the reflections of the adult narrator Raimond and his eventual understanding of Christines mental illness and his strengthening relationship with Romulus. Look at the idea of beauty and tragedy as inseparable for Raimond.SAMPLE RESPONSE 1:A sense of belonging is shaped by ones experience in a social paradigm. Connections made with people, places and communities are actively shaped by an individuals continual interaction with social, interpersonal and cultural settings. Significant moments in time within such settings frame individual connections with social environments. In Raimond Gaitas biographical memoir,Romulus, My Father(RMF), a lack of social identification and resultant personal conflict is attributed to the protagonists divergent morality. Changing attitudes towards cultural and physical environments frame an individuals exclusion or inclusion in the narrative. This idea extends to Richard LinklatersA Scanner Darkly(SD) characterising the struggle to belong amidst a technologically mediated setting. Further, T.S.Eliots The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock reflects the search for social inclusion against the constraints of social expectation. Ultimately, these texts illustrate that significant moments in time shape and individuals understanding of belonging.SAMPLE RESPONSE 2:Humankind has the fundamental desire for a sense of inclusion as belonging is essential to the metaphysical completion of the human identity. Subsequently, it is the effects of humanitys social and physical domain which impacts on ones ability to fathom an identity and molds their willingness to conform. Significant moments in time shape an understanding of belonging to both place and people, and this belief is explored in the textsRomulus, My Father, a memoir by Raimond Gaita, and Hunchback in the Park a poem by Dylan Thomas.SAMPLE RESPONSE 3:Belonging is a multi-layered concept that challenges the perception of ourselves and our world. It is inextricably connected to moments in time which shape ones identity. The issues in a range of texts diversely explore how context shapes ones attitude towards the significance of place, and the nature of relationships. Raimond Gaitas biographical memoirRomulus, My Fatheris a sophisticated insight into belonging. At its core is a reflection of the challenges of establishing identity amidst a clash of cultural values. Tim Wintons 2005 short storyBig Worldoffers a conflicted perspective on the understanding of belonging through its illustrations of youthful experience and identity. Each text presents varied perspectives of belonging, yet emphasise it as an intrinsic element of the contemporary human condition.TASK:1. Post the best Introduction in your group below2. Include three topic sentences you will use to argue the thesis presented in the introduction3. Before you post anything, make sure all sentences are grammatically sound. Please ensure you break down any convoluted sentences back to their simplest form (simple sentences) and reconstruct appropriately.10 THOUGHTS ON - 2012 HSC QUESTIONWORKSHOP1. JhaouchabJUNE 18, 2013 AT 2:53 AMAs individuals continue to interact with the environment around them. They become products of their time by re shaping their known perceptions of the world and how they should continue to communicate with it. The passage of time enables familial relationships and affiliations to the natural landscape to be strengthened and challenged. Depicted through Raimond Gaitas memoir: Romulus, My Father, the text accentuates no relationships are continually affected by the world around them and its ability to create a shift in perception of belonging.Reply2. Leon Steve MatthewJUNE 18, 2013 AT 2:53 AMA sense of belonging evolves over time and is based on the perception on the individual. The sense of acceptance can be derived from interactions with society. Similarly connections to place/ homeland and society influence the link of the persona to himself and his surroundings. The memoir romulus my father by Raimond Gaita and [related text] explores such interaction in depth.Reply3. Joseph AzarJUNE 21, 2013 AT 12:04 AMBelonging is represented as an evolved necessity; a requirement that individuals attain in order for a harmonious interaction with their world, over time. The sense of belonging evolves from the continual ability for individuals to reconcile identity within the bounds of their external social paradigm. In Raimond Gaitas biographical memoir, Romulus My Father, the lack of social identification and resulting personal conflict is attributed to the protagonists divergent morality. Attitudes towards cultural and physical environments modify over time, framing a characters inclusion and exclusion from the narrative setting. Further, T.S Eliots Poem The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock reflects the protagonists search for social inclusion against the constraints of social expectations. Ultimately, these texts present how belonging evolves over time, and how it shapes the way that participants are able to interact with their world.Reply4. PrinthanJUNE 21, 2013 AT 12:07 AMAn individuals perception of belonging revolves around their contextual understanding, experienced in response to the passage of time and interactions within their world. Its interactions articulate the individuals world, as it establishes a sense or relation towards its broader society. The memoir, Romulus, My Father by Raimond Gaita and John Marsdens visual text The Rabbits, subsequently describes the vast views of belonging portrayed through character. The texts evolve as a result of the passage of time and various interactions and connections with heworld.Thishelps to form a sense of identity, as we hunger,to seek trust and affection in a means to help build confidence within us all.Reply5. Leon and SteveJUNE 21, 2013 AT 12:11 AMBelonging, and its inverse isolation evolves over time and is based on the perception of an individual. An individuals estrangement from society can be derived form the interaction with society, and is an intrinsic human desire. Similarly connection to place, community and individuals, links the persona to himself and the surrounding world. The 1998 memoir. Romulus my Father by Raymond Gaita explores the changes in the familial and cultural life and the sense of displacement it entails. In conjunction, the 1999 short story We look after our own by Kath Walker explores the complex notion of acceptance of Aboriginal people in a oppressive European society. Hence, it is in understanding both texts that a comprehension of the subjective and transient nature of fellowship can be ascertained.Reply6. Bryan.LJUNE 21, 2013 AT 12:12 AMIndividual experiences derived from interactions with the world enable them to experience a transitory sense of belonging. Such perceptions held of belonging evolve over time, and dictate relationships attributed to people, places, and the world. This is portrayed in Raimond Gaitas memoir Romulus, My Father (1998) through the exploration of hardships associated with migration in Australia; during the early 20th century. Similarly, Nick Cassavetes film My Sisters Keeper (2009), demonstrates an intellectual introspection on the importance of familial relationships against adversity. Both texts actively examine the transient nature of belonging, construed from their personal interactions with surrounding environments.Reply7. catdog5JUNE 21, 2013 AT 12:17 AMThe perceptions that an individual has of the world can alter their perspective of belonging. It is through experiences and the passing of time that a person can build relationships with others, and indeed, their surroundings. Raimond Gaita, through his memoir Romulus, My Father, explores the nature of isolation when attempting to build a collective identity for his family . Moreover, he explores the idea that the strength of moral and ethical values is vital amidst diversity; as to ensure a connection with the environment. Similarly, Christopher Nolans The Dark Knight explores Through Gaita and Nolans depiction of relationships and identity, the changing nature of belonging throughout time is demonstrated.Reply8. Jerome, Kiran, ChristianJUNE 21, 2013 AT 12:19 AMAn individuals interaction with the world along with the flux of time determines their perception of belonging. Various textual forms are able to develop an individuals sense of belonging through dynamic interplay of time and place. The memoir Romulus, My Father(RMF) written by Raimond Gaita presents a compeling story of belonging through an intense migrant experience. The Riders by Tim Winton portrays a man dazed by the loss of his love which over time deteriorates his ability to belong. Both texts exemplify how time and place are able to intensify or diminish an individuals perception of beloning.Jerome, Kiran, ChristianReply9. Jared DJUNE 24, 2013 AT 10:19 PM2009Understanding nourishes belonga lack of understanding prevents itDemonstrate how your prescribed text and ONE other related text of your own choosing represent this interpretation of belonging.Belonging is achieved through understanding not only ones environment, but also ones place in the world. This knowledge facilitates the development of belonging, and cannot occur unless individuals go out of their way to forge connections with the larger world. Failure to interpret their position in society can emit a sense of alienation accompanied by an emotional detachment from their surroundings. This is portrayed in the memoir Romulus, My Father (1998) written by Raimond Gaita through the exploration of the hardships Romulus and his family experienced from the migration into Australia. Similarly, the dramatic film My Sisters Keeper (2009) directed by Nick Cassavetes follows the journey of Anna Fitzgerald who faces internal conflict as her desire to exist independently contradicts her main purpose in life of keeping her sister alive. Both texts observe the fundamental human experience of understanding, highlighting its necessity for belonging.2010An individuals interaction with others and the world around them can enrich or limit their experience of belonging.Discuss this view with detailed reference to your prescribed text and ONE other related text of your own choosing.Belonging is a fundamental aspect of human nature, which can offer individuals a sense of identity, security and connectedness. Experiences of belonging are closely related to ones interaction with others, as positive experiences can enrich their sense of belonging, while negative experiences can limit it. An individuals limited experience of belonging through their inability to interact with the world around them can often incite them to reject societys values through acts of self-alienation, rebellion and defiance. This is evident in the memoir Romulus, My Father written by Raimond Gaita through the representation of the difficult life Romulus and his family experienced after moving to Australia. Similarly, My Sisters Keeper, a film directed by Nick Cassavetes explores the conflicted character Anna who faces varying situations that challenge her ability to interact with the world around her.2011Explore how perceptions of belonging and not belonging can be influenced by connections to places.In your response, refer to your prescribed text and at least ONE other related text of your own choosing.Belonging is a fundamental human need and is a desired share by all. Individuals have varying unique perspectives on belonging and not belonging based on a number of factors. One such factor is connection to places, including to physical places and positions in society, as these connections have the ability to influence whether the individual has a positive or negative perception of belonging. Romulus, My Father, a memoir written by Raimond Gaita demonstrates how familiarity ultimately triggers a sense of belonging through the representation of the difficulties of migration into Australia. Similarly, the dramatic film My Sisters Keeper directed by Nick Cassavetes explores how feelings of belonging and connection to others are significantly affected by peoples understanding of place.Reply10. catdog5JUNE 25, 2013 AT 12:35 AMBELONGING ESSAYAn individuals connection to the world around them is shaped heavily by their experience within their social context. Raimond Gaita, through his memoir Romulus, My Father, enhances the responders perception of belonging by exploring the migrant experience and the changing nature of relationships. Further more, (insert author and related text here) highlights It is through the themes contended by these composers that the transient nature of belonging is articulated.Gaita utilises the changing nature of relationships between protagonists to highlight the ability for belonging to change over time.It is through individuals relationships with their landscape that Gaita contends the changing perception of belonging.. Very rushed:(

There are positive and negative aspects of belonging, your thesis will need to be able to explore both:Benefits of Belonging Communal membership empowers us, there is a security and reassurance of being part of a group. When we belong, we feel like we matter to others and share a faith. Connectedness to each other or group or place helps nurture self-esteem and confidence The home becomes the place of comfort, security, care and commitment it is the place an individual develops the concept of self. Belonging helps you be at piece with yourself, and have a sense of your identity.Negatives of BelongingSOCIAL REJECTION Levels of acceptance or non-acceptance is transitory, at different stages in our lives we may feel like we do not belong. This creates insecurity and a desire to re-integrate into the dominant group. Social rejection causes stigmatism or labelling. This can have serious effects on the self-esteem. Sometimes people can be perceived as different or other and can be made to feel shunned or scorned. Social outcasts suffer psychologically and emotionally, they no longer feel valued. This can cause outbursts because of their feelings of persecution.NON-COMPLIANCE Those who feel disaffected often move away from the normal codes of social behaviour, rules and laws they find oppressive. Once separated from these constraints, they feel free to develop their own identity.Alienation Some people are marginalised and deemed outsiders, and find themselves as outcasts existing on the fringes of society. They are treated as social misfits.Try to find some quotes that may assist your understanding of the concept:HSC Online QuotesTASK:What is belonging to you? Write your own understanding of definition of the concept so far. How do you belong? (What do you belong to?)

To what degree has studying the concept of belonging augmented your understanding of yourself, of others, and of the world?In your answer, refer to your prescribed text and ONE text of your choosing In order to belong, we must know who we are and where we come from. Discuss with reference to your prescribed text and TWO related texts Despite an individuals desire to belong to a group or community, this is not always possible.How do the texts you have studied represent the processes and results of belonging and/or not belonging. You have been invited to speak at the book launch of a new collection of texts entitled Belonging in our SocietyIn your speech, explain and assess the ways in which belonging is represented in the texts in the collection Belonging to a community or group has a significant impact on an individuals sense of self.Discuss this statement, focusing on how the composers of the texts you have studied represent the concept of belonging Belonging to a group or community can provide opportunities and disappointmentsTo what extent do the texts you have studied support this idea? More than anything else, belonging is about finding a sense of place in the world.Discuss with reference to your prescribed text and TWO related texts You have been invited to write an article for a teenage magazine called Youth and Belonging.In your article, analyse the ways in which belonging is represented in your prescribed text and ONE other text. To belong is as much about being a part of something, as it is about being excluded.To what extent do you agree?In your answer refer to your prescribed text and 2 related texts of your own choosing Belonging is about the desire of acceptance that may or may not bring personal satisfaction.How does your study of the Prescribed text and 2 varied texts of your own choosing support or reject this idea? Acceptance can lead to a sense of fulfilment but at a cost.Do you agree?In your answer refer to your prescribed texts and 2 related texts of your own choosing To belong is innate and fundamentally human.What challenges or barriers complicate this?In your answer refer to your prescribed texts and 2 related texts of your own choosing Experiencing exclusion helps individuals come to a greater sense of acceptance of others.What assumptions underpin the Area of Study and can they be validated?In your answer refer to your prescribed texts and 2 related texts of your own choosing Acceptance leads to contentment and self-realisationIs this an accurate account of your Area of Study?In your answer refer to your prescribed texts and 2 related texts of your own choosing. Perceptions and ideas about belonging vary.Is this your opinion? How is this reflected in your study of your prescribed text and 2 related texts of your own choice? You have been asked to present a persuasive argument on the issue of Belonging at a community meeting.What ideas do you present and you are they addressed in your study. You must also refer to 2 related texts of your own choosing. A radio programme is presenting a debate on issues and assumptions associated with belonging. Present two sides of the debate with reference to your prescribed study and 2 related texts of your own choosing. You have been asked to write a feature article for a School Special section for Sydney Morning Herald. The article must reflect complications of belonging and how this is reflected in a range of texts including your prescribed text. Imagine you have been asked to give a speech on the topic of belonging to a local high school. In your speech you are to reflect on the nature of belonging and not belonging and give your opinion. Refer closely to the prescribed text and 2 related texts of your own choosing. You are being interviewed on how your perception of belonging has influenced your understanding of the world around you.Write the transcript of this interview. In your answer refer to your prescribed text and 2 related texts of your own choosing. You have been invited to chair a panel of experts who specialise in the areas of personal, cultural, historical and the social contexts of belonging. You are permitted to ask a range of questions to any members of the panel in order to present a range of attitudes on belonging.Refer to your prescribed text and 2 related texts of your own choosing. Belonging can challenge a community or group.Use the quotation as one line in your speech to students. In your speech reflect on how exploring this issue can broaden and deepen their understanding of themselves. Refer closely to the prescribed text and 2 related texts of their own choosing. Write a speech about the most important things students should know about belonging for a year 12 study retreat which is to be held before the trial exams. In your speech refer to your prescribed text and at least TWO related texts of your own choosing. Its the night before the half-yearly examination and your friend has called you to talk about paper one.Write the transcript of your conversation, in which you both share your ideas about belonging. Relationships are important in finding a sense of belonging.Discuss this statement in relation to your prescribed text and TWO other texts you have encountered in your study of belonging. Belonging creates dilemmasDiscuss this statement in relation to your prescribed text and TWO other texts you have encountered in your study of belonging. The human spirit craves a sense of belonging.To what extend do your prescribed text and ONE other text you have studied support this idea? Belonging is dependent on the perspective of the individual.Discuss this statement with particular focus on how the composers of your prescribed text and TWO other texts represent perceptions of belonging. Our lives are shaped by our sense of belongingDiscuss the extent to which belonging shapes our lives with reference to your prescribed text and ONE other text of your choosing. Not belonging is a far more difficult road to travel than that of belonging.How does your prescribed texts and TWO other texts of your own choosing explore ideas of belonging and not belonging?

This table will help you to formulate your ideas watch how it builds a paragraph:CONCEPT of BelongingClarification (this may be specific to your text or go into more depth/detail on the concept)How it is represented in your TEXT (Core/Related) through characters or a specific eventQuote + Technique + Effect

Belonging can be a sensation or experience that is simultaneously positive and negative;the desire to belong can dictate a suppression of core values.This is evident in MillersThe Crucible, Mary knows that Abigail is lying about Elizabeth, but her desire to belong overcomes her feelings of shame at supporting Abigails fabricated story. She allows the pressure of belonging to the group to subvert her values; her selfish desires dictate her final decision. We see Mary as a weak character, lacking the strength to stand with conviction against the injustice that is occurring. Her simultaneous feelings of acceptance and yet shame at compromising herself reveals the complex nature of belonging.Miller uses .(add technique) .in the line (add Quote) ..to highlight her

(discuss effect on meaning)Words webs Suggests symbolise.. implies.. indicate representdenote signify Belongto be part ofto interact relate commune to be at one with to feel a sense of community Wanting yearn desire hungerFind your own connectives that will help you link your analysis the effect of a technique on meaning

NOW COMBINE TO BUILD YOUR PARAGRAPH:Here is an Example:Belonging can be a sensation or experience that is simultaneously positive and negative;the desire to belong can dictate a suppression of core values.This is evident in MillersThe Crucible, Mary knows that Abigail is lying about Elizabeth, but her desire to belong overcomes her feelings of shame at supporting Abigails fabricated story. She allows the pressure of belonging to the group to subvert her values; her selfish desires dictate her final decision. We see Mary as a weak character, lacking the strength to stand with conviction against the injustice that is occurring. Her simultaneous feelings of acceptance and yet shame at compromising herself reveals the complex nature of belonging.Miller uses .(add technique) . in the line (add Quote) .. to highlight her (discuss effect on meaning)

Your related text must be linked to the ideas about belonging presenting in your thesis.Some tips:In incorporating a paragraph on your related material you should follow the following steps:1. Start with a topic sentence that links to the concept of belonging that is seen in the text2. Discuss the overall purpose of the text in exploring its aspects of belonging3. Choose 1 or 2 bite size sections to analyse here discuss evidence/technique/effect on meaning4. Link the text to your prescribed text either by its similarities or differences.

If you want to include a film, you need to discuss the overall purpose of the film in relation to shaping meaning on belonging, then choose one or two scenes you can analyse in depth, this way you may discuss the film techniques that aid in shaping meaning.It also needs to link to your prescribed text, either by highlighting similarities or differences.Look at my example: (quite rushed but you get the idea)Social rejection causes people to be labelled and this leads to a perception of them as different or other. The filmThe Blind Sideexplores this idea as it tells the story of a young African American boy, Michael Oher, who comes from a broken home which leads him to be homeless and struggling to find his way in a white dominated society. Michael questions his identity because he feels isolated from everything. In the beginning of the film, there is a key scene where Michael is judged by his teachers for his differences. In this scene the teachers are grouped together around a table, the director uses a long shot to establish this circle of belonging amongst which Michael is being stigmatized. This symbolic gesture isolates Michael as they talk about him I dont think.this language reveals they already perceive him as an outcast. The sarcastic tone in the lines he writes his name .. barely shows they have already rejected him. Ironically this perception will prevent Michael from ever being able to access their expectations of belonging, therefore aiding his alienation.This frame is contrasted with one teacher sitting outside of this circle, she is presented through a mid shot, this automatically creates a more intimate feel. She is in an armchair with a lamp in the background. This setting conveys a more relaxed mood. Her understanding nature is juxtaposed with the initial lack of understanding towards Michaels situation presented by the other teachers. The separation of this teacher shows she does not agree with their alienation of Michael. The understanding tone of her voice contrasts with their sarcasm as she reads the letter I look and see white every where, white walls , white floors and a lot of white people. the repetition of the word white epitomises his feelings of isolation. By reading the letter the director explores the idea that we need to listen to those who dont feel a if they belong in order to help initiate them into belonging. The letter becomes his voice which has been suppressed this scene explores the idea that social rejection effects people emotionally. They suffer in silence, and those who judge them place up the barrier that is to daunting for them to over come.This relates closely to the Simple Gift, as Billy has to negotiate his own sense of belonging in a new world. He is a social outcast, and looses his connectness to his family. His journey to reconciliation and belonging is similar to Michaels in that both meet new people who produce new experiences of belonging.

If it is a picture book, you need to discuss the overall purpose of the book and then choose one or two pictures to analyse in depth much like the film example above. Look at my example: (again only short, you could take another picture to enhance your discussion)The Red Treedeals with the similar ideas on feelings of alienation and the slow difficult journey towards belonging. The story is about a nameless young girl who appears in every picture, she passes helplessly through many dark moments, searching for her place in this world. She struggles with discovering who she is because she feels different and has no sense of connectedness. In the story she eventually finds something hopeful at the end of her journey, a reconciliation essential in her development as an individual.The picture with the words darkness overcomes you explores her feelings of alienation in a world that she feels she doesnt belong to. The representational meanings of the image show other participants as well as the girl, however no relationship is created between them. They are not connected in anyway through vectors, everyone is alone turning their backs on those around them. The little girls posture is stooped showing her lack of confidence, a direct result of her social isolation. The fish that hovers above her is the most salient feature as it symbolizes the inner emotions of the girls despair and loneliness, this emptiness is enhanced by its gaping mouth. The image reveals the girls social rejection prevents her from developing a sense of her own identity, she perceives herself as different. The composer shows the suffering of this isolated girl, wandering through a world she does not belong to. She has no security and cannot empower herself.The concept of belonging is explored thoroughly in this picture book,the motif of the red maple leaf that follows the girl through each image reveals the path to reconciliation, the same path taken by Billy as he transitions to a sense of belonging.__________________________________________________________YOUR TURN RELATED TEXT:PoemIsland Manby Grace Nichols /Nothings ChangedbyTatamkhuluAfrika Poems are good in that they are short, and you can easily find techniques to analyse. The purpose is often clear and can be discussed well in a few paragraphs. In pairs choose one of these poems and answer the following questions:1. Contextual background on the poet?2. The purpose of this poem?3. How does it link to your understanding of belonging?4. What quotes can you use as evidence?5. How does it link to your prescribed text? THEN Write up a paragraph similar to the above examples of how you would incorporate this as a related text in your extended response.

Its not good enough to just state a technique is used eg: The image uses vectors you must link it to its purpose; The image uses vectorsto draw our eyes towards . in order to emphasise the importance of.these are created by the (describe where the vectors are in the image)

Develop a strong thesis that explores all aspects of Belonging:Your thesis is essentially a ONE sentence (it may be more than this) answer to the question, that encompasses all aspects of belonging you will be exploring through your topic sentences.

Just like the image it is the main statement you base all your points on. Always provided in your introduction, and always a response to the question.Here is a SampleSTANDARDIntroduction

1st REWORD QUESTION.Then Introduce your thesis on belongingBelonging to something benefits us as individuals, we feel a connectedness to each other or a place and this helps nurture our self esteem and confidence. Part of belonging is our need to develop a concept of self, this becomes our identity helping us be at peace with ourselves. However, at different stages in our lives we feel like we do not belong, this can create an insecurity and have negative consequences for our development as an individual. Often not belonging comes from social rejection, this has serious effects on the self esteem leading us to be perceived as different; being outcast in this manner causes emotional suffering and feelings of being no longer valued.2nd Introduction Introduce texts and link to concept of belongingThe textsThe Simple Gift, a verse novel by Steven Herrick ,The Red Tree, a picture book by Shaun Tan andThe Blind Sidea film by all reveal these aspects of belonging. Each text uses specific techniques to portray this concept in their own unique way. However one common factor is each text explores the process of an individual from feelings of alienation to reconciliation. This journey is essential in belonging, as the individual suffers initial feelings of isolation prompting them to reflect on their place in society, leading them to a final discovery of who they are.How can we rework this to enhance the argument?

How = techniquesHow is one word, which can be expanded to readexplain what language techniques the composer uses to represent belonging in the text.How doesnot, in any way, translate to just copy out something from the included text/s as your response to each section.Quotations can and should be used to support a response by considering how, for example: a metaphor insert quotation from text is used to represent an aspect of belonging the body language of the person/character/animal in the visual text insert name of text explains how they didnt feel they belonged alliteration is used insert quotation to reinforce the importance of belongingThe language technique must be identified in the response in relation to the terminology of the question;describe, explain and analyse the relationship between language, text and context.The text in the section and the context is belonging. To continue the responses above for example: a metaphor insert quotation from text is used to represent the importance of belonging to a family even though that family may be seperated by thousands of miles.The texts included in Paper 1 are generic to belonging. Todescribe, explain and analyseit further supports your understanding of the included texts if the form the belonging or not belonging can also be identified.The termwayis also closely linked to thehowand requires direct reference to the language forms and features (techniques) of the texts. Quoting from the text to support the how is essential. To successfully address the question of the way belonging is represented in any text there is an expectation of higher order thinking and this requires some form of synthesis between the how as technique, the appropriate quote from the text and the question as a whole. A direct quotation from the text does not prove or determine the way unless it is supported.Use connecting words such as: by comparison by contrast a parallel can be drawn with a similar technique/idea is used in anotherwayof portraying beloning is shown in

PlanningEssayStructure To avoid getting caught out with a prepared essay you need to remember the key points you will discuss, without locking yourself into an easy that will not answer the question Follow these steps:1. Have an idea about your topic this you will discuss in an introduction2. Know some key topic sentences that can be adjusted depending on hte question3. Link a quote, technique and effect to each topic sentence4. Include you related material5. Lay this out into a table try to keep it to one A4 page so it is easy to study and quotes are easily memorised.EXAMPLE:INTRO: Understanding the scope of the topicPaul Reubens 5 stage Alienation Journey. Alienation personal reflection leading to steps taken to alter the situation Initiation feeling of not belonging Journey such as leaving home, signifying change Suffering physical or psychological suffering, serving to purge or cleanse the past. Leads to personal reflection Reconciliation Painful self examination, things are reconciled and a removal of the feeling of not belonging. Happens with a discovery of a new place and situation OR a return to the former place. This initiates a sense of belonging.(new perspective)THESIS POINTQUOTE + TECHNIQUEEFFECT

Connectedness to each other or group or place helps nurture self-esteem and confidenceI love this place, I love the flow of cold clear water over the rocks Repetitionof I Love and theemotive, positive dictionused to describe the Creek.I learnt all I need to know in books on the banks of Westfield CreekMetaphor, this is his classroomThis is one place where Billy feels he can be at one with himself. This is where he escapes from the world he feels he does not belongWestfield Creek is the contrasted to Billys home and school. He establishes his new identity in this environment.

THESIS POINTQUOTE + TECHNIQUEEFFECT

Belonging helps you be at peace with yourself, and have a sense of your identity.My Motel Bendarat Use ofpersonal pronoun- shows ownership and that he is proud. It was like a little cave, A warm safe little cave for children to hide in when theyre scared and lonelyBillys caverepetitive languagereinforcesthe warmth and security felt by this place.. TheSimilereveals it is his refuge.Reveals Billy feels a sense of belonging towards the carriage by giving it a name and labelling it as his own.Billy further demonstrates a sense of belonging by giving Cailtin a business card with this as his address. We see his sense of identity growing strongerSafety and security enables him feel safe and secure from his past, enabling him to develop as a new person away from his old haunts.

THESIS POINTQUOTE + TECHNIQUEEFFECT

Social outcasts suffer psychologically and emotionally, they no longer feel valued. This can cause outbursts because of their feelings of persecutionHe walked back inside and slammed the door on my sporting childhood, that disappeared into the bushes with my soccer ballemotive languageslammedreveals aggressiveness of his father and how it affected Billys sense of belongingThis epitomises one of the main reasons Billy starts to feel like he doesnt belong in this home. Being young, Billy is vulnerable to being hurt psychologically, and moments like these play on his mind. He feels persecuted for just being himself.

THESIS POINTQUOTE + TECHNIQUEEFFECT

Those who feel disaffected often move away from the normal codes of social behaviour, rules and laws they find oppressive. Once separated from these constraints, they feel free to develop their own identityLeave the only town Ive ever wanted to call home and Caitlinhyperboleis used to suggest this is too painful to contemplate, because he has made his identity and life here.Billy leaves Nowheresville a place he felt he never belonged, his father took his childhood from him, and he feels the town is a shithole. He was the social misfit, it is only when he re-establishes himself in Bendarat that he is free to develop his own sense of belonging and identity with this place.

THESIS POINTQUOTE + TECHNIQUEEFFECT

Some people are marginalised and deemed outsiders, and find themselves as outcasts existing on the fringes of society. They are treated as social misfits.

Romulus, My FatherOverview: Memoir explores the difficulties his father encountered in trying to establish himself amid the conservation and narrow attitudes of 1950s Australian Society. It examines the difficulties confronting Gaitas father as a newcomer to Australia. It also explores the frailties of his mother Christine who felt her own alienation and isolation, which eventually resulted in her suicide when Raimond was thirteen. It is a moving portrayal of a family in crisis and a raw exposure of the fragility and vulnerability of the human psyche. It describes the Australian landscape with detail and insight so that it becomes a powerful metaphor for many of the elements of belonging, identity and alienation. Many Australians did not agree with wanting these migrants and they were not unanimously welcomed. for many migrants it was a great personal struggle to become part of Australia and to feel like they belonged to this land. The textual form (memoir) enables Gaita to look back on his life form the perspective of a mature observer. Gaita explores their early life as migrants, the deterioration of their family unit and the help of friends, the suicide of his mother, his fathers illness and death and its effect on Gaita himself. Other features of Gaitas narrative enhance its textual richness: he gives us great detail on specific events or people in his life, allowing him the opportunity to reflect on human behaviour and elements of morality. He also provides us with touching humour as well as insightful comments. He explores questions about human morality and compassion. The muted almost washed-out colours of the dry Australian landscape are very much a feature of the novel, highlighting this is not a sentimentalised, pretty view of Australia.Belonging: The first two chapters inform us about the historical context that saw so many families like Gaitas migrate to Australia. We see a Europe in disintegration, and a family dislocated form its home and culture to feel a type of exile in rural Victoria. They are physically and mentally imprisoned in this foreign land and the Australian vastness challenges their European sensibility. Gaita introduces the ideas of resilience and survival and exposes us to the dislocation that migrants endured and how they looked with optimism and hope at coming to Australia.Landscape &SensibiltyThe influence of the Landscape on the Writing ofRomulus, My Father Gaitas sense of the landscape in Central Victoria affects the entire mood and tone of the memoir, even perhaps the rhythm of its sentences. When I was a boy of eleven on that hill, wonderstruck by natures beauty, my eyes turned repeatedly away from the hill across the, then expansive, waters of cairn Curran to the Moolort planes where I lived. It was here I awakened to the beauty of nature. I realised in my heart as well as in my head, that central Victoria is made up of at least three wonderful and different landscapes: the plains, the small rocky hills, relatively bare of trees, and the larger, wooded rocky hills of which the Rock of Ages and Mount Tarrengower are locally the most loved examples. The landscapes that I have described, different though they are from one another, constitute an aesthetic and spiritualunitythat determines their sense of central Victoria. Living there, we understood only to well the profound contentment to be derived from caring for the land, from restoring to it vegetation, and eventually, we hope, bird life, as though they were children that had been lost to it. Some of those values honesty; loyalty, courage, charity (taken as a preparedness to help those in need) and a capacity for hard work- are universal, but here, in Central Victoria, they are lived in the colors and spoken in the accent of the landscape as that nourished and marked indelibly the souls of many who have loved it. The matter is complicated in my case, in a way that I will try to explain later, by the fact that I saw the landscape through the eyes of my fathers European fatalism. There is a connection between landscape and sensibility, between landscape and the locally inflected character of the people who live in it, an interaction between the human spirit and the landscape, then the radical transformation of this central Victorian landscape will change the people of the region. The love of the land is mediated by a response to its beauty. That is why caring for it restoring natural grasses, controlling weeds, planting trees, for example engenders a quiet joy that could never be captured adequately just by talk about the visual consequences of all this. But from this second perspective, the lover of the land, like the true lover of a natural language, will occasionally welcome and absorb foreigners. My parents were hostile to the landscape and were ill at ease in it. This is how I describe the landscape and a characteristic European response to it early in the book.Although the landscape is one of rare beauty, to a European or English eye it seems desolate, and even after more than forty years my father could not become reconciled to it. He longed for the generous and soft European foliage, but the eucalyptus of Baringhup, scraggy except for the noble Redgums on the riverbank, seemed symbols of deprivation and barrenness. In this he was typical of many of the immigrants whose eyes looked directly to the foliage and always turned away offended. Even the wonderful summer smell of eucalyptus attracted them only because it promised useful oil. My mother disliked the landscape even more than my father did and she was never at ease in it. It was alien to her and she seemed alien to it. A troubled, intense, passionate and cultured city girl from Central Europe, she showed form the beginning signs of a psychological illness that would prove tragic. It was foolish for my father and me to hope that she could settle in a derelict farmhouse in a harsh landscape that aggravated her torment. She tried a number of times to kill herself before she succeeded. I describe her return from hospital after one suicide attempt at Frogmore.The road from Baringhup to Moolort was 500 metres from Frogmore, connected to the house by a rough track. The taxi that brought my mother from Maldon left her at the junction of the road and the track, probably at her request. I first saw her when she was 200 metres or so from the house, alone, small, frail, walking with an uncertain gait and distracted air. In that vast landscape with only crude wire fences and a rough track to mark a human impression on it she appeared forsaken. She looked to me as though she had returned from the dead, unsure about the value of the achievement. Like most children, I think, I had little sense of the aesthetic character of my surroundings. That changed dramatically when I was eleven.I liked living in the country and especially liked farm animals, but not in the way farm boys did. Conscious of this and of the fact that I was the only boy in the area who did not kill rabbits even though they were a terrible pest, I took the Bantam motorbike and my fathers rifle and went to a hill on the far side of Cairn Curran to shoot rabbits for our dinner and for the dogI reached the hill in the mid-afternoon. For the first time in my life I was really alive to beauty, receiving a kind of shock from it. I had absorbed my fathers attitude to the countryside, especially to its scraggy trees, because he talked so often of the beautiful trees of Europe. But now, for me, the key to the beauty of the native trees lay in the light that so sharply delineated them against a dark blue sky. Possessed of that key, my perception of the landscape changed radically as when one sees the second image in an ambiguous drawing. The scraggy shapes and sparse foliage actually become the foci for my sense of its beauty and everything else fell into place the primitive hills, the unsealed roads with their surfaces ranging from white through yellow to brown, looking as though they had been especially dusted to match the high, summer-colored grasses. It seemed to have a special beauty, disguised until I was ready for it; not a low and primitive form for which I had to make allowances, but subtle and refined. It was as though God had taken me to the back of his workshop and shown me something really special. It was inconceivable to me that I should now shoot a rabbit. The experience transformed my sense of life and the countryside, adding to both a sense of transcendence. My feel for the beauty of the countryside was, I suspect, intensified by the freedom I enjoyed in it.Riding the motorbike that summer, through the hot yellow grasslands of central Victoria and around the expansive waters of Cairn Curran, wearing only shorts and sandals, crystallized in me a sense of freedom that I possessed earlier, but never so fully, and which I always associate with that time in the country. I felt I could do anything provided I was respectful of others. The law and other kinds of regulations seemed only rules of thumb, regulative ideals, to be interpreted by individuals according to circumstances and constrained by goodwill and commonsense. From my father and from Hora I had already acquired a sense that only morality was absolute because some of its demands were non-negotiable. But I was too young to be troubled by that. I was eleven years old, riding my fathers motorbike to collect the mail and visit friends, yet no one was troubled by this breach of the law. It left me with a sad, haunting image of a freedom, impossible now to realize, and which even then the world could barely afford. As New Australians they were sometimes the victims of humiliating condescension. Their manifest awkwardness in their environment that made them so visibly outsiders probably encouraged it. Not until I wroteRomulus, My Father, however, did I again see beauty in the countryside of Central Victoria. To write the first draft of the book I rented a cottage in the grounds of Palm House in Maldon, owned at the time, much to my benefit, by Albert and Anne Borg. A couple of days into my stay I visited the remains of Frogmore where I sat for some hours, remembering and thinking of what I would write. As I was driving back to Maldon, around four oclock on a late February afternoon, unexpectedly and suddenly, I fell in love again with the countryside of my boyhood. I remember the point exactly. Roughly half way between Baringhup and where Frogmore stood there is an old windmill on a property owed now by John and Sally Bryant. Just above it, there is a small gentle hill, one of the most beautiful I have ever seen. On the Moolort side, it is almost bare. A plantation grows on the side of it that faces Cairn Curran. That year, the grass on it grew high and golden and was especially beautiful that afternoon as the wind joined with the sun to transform the hill and the paddocks below it into waves of moving grass, golden and tipped with silver. Quite suddenly the landscape seemed to me to be exquisitely beautiful just as it had when I went to shoot rabbits on the hill overlooking Cairn Curran.It was a joyful experience and it taught me