Bellringer: 11/5 Take out your Age of Absolutism vocab. Take 5 minutes for one last review before the quiz today.

Bellringer: 11/5• Take out your Age of Absolutism vocab.• Take 5 minutes for one last review before

the quiz today.

Table of Contents Update:• 49: Vocab Quiz: Age of Absolutism• 50. Absolutism in England

Questions/Final Notes• 51: Study Guide: Age of Absolutism

Agenda: 11/5• 1. Bellringer: Vocab Review• 2. Vocab Quiz: Age of Absolutism• 3. Final Notes: Absolute Monarchs• 4. Absolutism in England: CSI Activity

Homework: 11/5• 1. Complete study guide on Age of

Absolutism.• 2. Study for mini-test on Age of

Absolutism on MONDAY, 11/9 (NEXT CLASS)

Quick Notes: The Last Absolute

Monarchs

Charles V: Holy Roman Emperor• In the 1500s Spain gained land, this

meant that Spain gained “power and influence.”

• Spain had an ABSOLUTE RULER, Charles V.

• What he controlled:– Spain– Spain’s colonies in the New

World– Parts of Italy, Netherlands, and

Austria– Much of Germany

• Charles V split his land, and retired to a monastery

Phillip II of Spain• His dad was Charles V• His dad left him Spain, and many of

his other holdings• Spain became very rich from their

colonies in the New World, this made Phillip very wealthy and powerful.

• Philip was a defender of Catholicism, (he hated the Muslims and Protestants) so he sent his large naval fleet to England to punish all non-Catholics.

Frederick the Great of Prussia• An “Enlightened absolute

monarch”• Did not claim divine right to

strengthen his rule– Wants to use more “humane”

ways (think reforms) to expand his empire

• Military-minded (wants to expand)

• Will fight many wars– War of Austrian Succession– The Seven Years War

• f

The English Civil War: Setting the Stage

• Charles hates Parliament so he fired Parliament• Then he needed them back to get $$$$

– He “re-hired” them.• The only way that Parliament would give him money is if

he signed the Petition of Right.– No false imprisonment– No taxes w/o Parliament’s consent– No housing of soldiers in homes– No martial (absolute) law in peace time

• Charles signed it – then he IGNORED it.

• Parliament then withheld money – He fired them again…

English Civil War Starts• Why? – because the people were mad at

Charles for firing the Parliament (and Parliament was mad too)

• When? – 1642 – 1649

Loyalists• Supported

Charles• Called

“Cavaliers”

Roundheads• Supported Parliament• Leader was Oliver

CromwellVS

Results of the English Civil War

• Oliver Cromwell’s Roundheads defeated the Cavaliers and imprisoned Charles

• They put him on trial, sentenced him to death – chopped his head off.

Changes in Power• Oliver Cromwell took over

following the civil war– Formed a military state– Very strict

• Charles II in power– After Cromwell died, the people

wanted to have a king – Charles II (Charles I’s son) took over.

– He got along better with the Parliament, restoration took place in England.

The Glorious Revolution– 1685 Charles II died with NO heir– James II took over (but he was Catholic –

the horror!)• He soon offended Parliament and voted some

Catholic friends into high office (against the law)• Parliament protested, so he fired them• His wife then had a son and the people were

scared that a long line of Catholics would rule.

Glorious Revolution (cont’d)

– HOWEVER, James had an older Protestant daughter (Mary) who married William of Orange.

– Parliament invited William to overthrow James II. He brought an army, James II fled the country

– Thus, the Glorious Revolution began and ended with no fighting

– William and Mary begin their reign and develop aCONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY :

There is a monarch in place, however they are limited in their power