Bell Work Bell Work
Jan 03, 2016
Bell Work Bell Work
Objective:
0807.5.1 Use a simple classification key to identify an unknown organism.
Classification ActivityClassification Activity1. At your lab table there are several pictures of animals.
Remove all pictures from the folder.
2. With your lab group, categorize these pictures according to their characteristics.
3. Your team must make at least three groups (or more). Lay the pictures in three separate groups on your lab table.
4. Keep the name of each group a secret because when we share our groups, we will allow the other groups to guess how you categorized the pictures.
5. Don’t tell your category names when you show the picture, wait until the other groups guess.
ClassificationClassification means organizing means organizing living things into living things into groups based on groups based on their similarities.their similarities.
Scientists Scientists classify classify livingliving andand extinctextinct
organisms to organisms to make them make them
easier to study.easier to study.
Organisms are Organisms are classified by classified by
sharedshared characteristics and characteristics and their their relationshipsrelationships
between one between one another.another.
TheThe levelslevels of of classification classification go from very go from very
generalgeneral to to very very specificspecific..
DDomainomain DidDidKKingdomingdom KingKingPPhylumhylum PhilipPhilipCClasslass ComeComeOOrderrder OverOverFFamilyamily FromFromGGenusenus GreatGreatSSpeciespecies SpainSpain
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The science of The science of classifying classifying
organisms is organisms is called called
taxonomytaxonomy..
Taxonomy was Taxonomy was founded by founded by LinnaeusLinnaeus
in the 1700’s.in the 1700’s.He classified things He classified things onlyonly by their shared by their shared
characteristics.characteristics.
Modern Modern taxonomists also taxonomists also
look at look at evolutionaryevolutionary relationships relationships
between animals.between animals.
AA branchingbranching diagram can show diagram can show the relationships the relationships
between between organisms.organisms.
Group Activity using the Branching Diagram
1. Construct a Branching diagram2. Use a frog, a snake, a kangaroo, and a rabbit in your diagram.3. Think of one major change before the frog appeared. 4. For the last 3 organisms, think of a change that happened between one of these and the other 2. Write all of these in your diagram.
frog
snake
kangaroo
rabbit
Air breathing; ability to live on land
Lay eggs on dry land; dry skin
Fur; live birth
Young develop fully inside mother
Organisms that Organisms that are are moremore closely closely
related are related are closercloser togethertogether
on the branching on the branching diagram.diagram.
When living things When living things are classified, they are classified, they
get a get a scientificscientific namename..
The scientific name is The scientific name is the same the same anywhereanywhere
in the world.in the world.
The The 4 Rules 4 Rules to writing a to writing a Scientific Scientific
Name:Name:
1. Scientific 1. Scientific names are names are
usually usually LatinLatin oror GreekGreek..
2. The scientific 2. The scientific name is always name is always the the genusgenus andand speciesspecies name name
together.together.
3. The3. The GenusGenus is is always written always written
first and first and capitalized.capitalized.
The species is The species is secondsecond and is and is
always lower case.always lower case.
4. The scientific 4. The scientific name is always name is always
italicizeditalicized oror underlinedunderlined..
Ex. Ex. Felis Felis domesticusdomesticus
Scientists can use Scientists can use a a dichotomousdichotomous keykey to identify to identify
unknown unknown organisms.organisms.
Pg. 52Pg. 52
Bacteria are Bacteria are prokaryoticprokaryotic, ,
meaning they do not meaning they do not have nuclei. have nuclei.
All other living things All other living things are are eukaryoticeukaryotic and and
have nuclei.have nuclei.
Scientists use 3 Domains.
ArchaeaBacteriaEukarya
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
Scientists use 6 kingdoms.
Archaebacteria
EubacteriaProtista
PlantaeFungiAnimalia
Domain ArchaeaDomain ArchaeaKingdomKingdom Archaebacteria Archaebacteria
-- live in extreme live in extreme
environments (very hot environments (very hot or cold)or cold)
They have been on the They have been on the earth for about 3 billion earth for about 3 billion
years. years.
Domain BacteriaDomain BacteriaMost bacteria are in Most bacteria are in Kingdom Kingdom EubacteriaEubacteria.They live in many They live in many places all over the places all over the
earth and even inside earth and even inside other organisms.other organisms.
Domain EukaryaDomain Eukarya
Kingdom Kingdom ProtistaProtista - -consists of consists of
unicellular & simple unicellular & simple multicellular multicellular organisms.organisms.
Protista includes Protista includes organisms that organisms that are not plants, are not plants,
animals or fungianimals or fungi
Domain EukaryaDomain EukaryaKingdomKingdom Plantae Plantae - - Plants are usually Plants are usually green & make food green & make food by photosynthesis by photosynthesis They are complex, They are complex,
multicellular multicellular organismsorganisms
Domain EukaryaDomain EukaryaKingdomKingdom FungiFungi- - absorb food from absorb food from
their surroundings. their surroundings. Fungi are usually Fungi are usually
multicellular multicellular (except yeast).(except yeast).
Domain EukaryaDomain Eukarya
Kingdom Kingdom AnimaliaAnimalia
Most move around Most move around and have nervous and have nervous
systems. Animals are systems. Animals are complex & complex &
multicellular.multicellular.
Five Kingdom ClassificationFive Kingdom ClassificationMoneraMonera
KingdomKingdom
ProtistProtist
KingdomKingdom
FungiFungi
KingdomKingdom
PlantPlant
KingdomKingdom
Animal Animal
KingdomKingdom
Major Major TraitsTraits
Single-celled; no nucleus
Most are single-celled
Some make own food; some cannot make own food
Most are many-celled; cannot make own food
Single-celled and many-celled; make own food; cannot move from place to place
Many-celled; cannot make own food; can move from place to place
ExamplesExamples Bacteria Paramecium amoeba euglena
Mushroom mold, yeast
Tree, small flowering plant, fern, algae
Sponge, insect, clam, fish, bird, snake, human