Bell Work 1/13/15 1. Where do you think this picture was taken? The Grand Canyon 2. What river is located at the bottom? The Colorado River 3. Explain.

Bell Work 1/13/15

1. Where do you think this picture was taken?The Grand Canyon2. What river is located at the bottom?The Colorado River3. Explain how it was formed.The Colorado River slowly eroded the sedimentary rock over millions of years.

On your desk:1. IN2. Pencil/Pen3. PRIDE Cards

Interactive Notebook Table of Contents

Title Date Page #

1. Freshwater Systems 1/6/15

States of Matter 1/6/15 7

H2O Cycle 1/8/15 13

Double Bubble 1/13/15 ??

Water• 97% is saltwater.

• ONLY 3% is freshwater.

FW SW

Double Bubble: Where is water stored on our planet??

Minimum of

15 bubbles!!

Output side!

Water

• 97% is saltwater.• Only 3% is freshwater.–2% is locked up in glaciers

and ice caps.–1% is usable by humans• Groundwater • Rivers • lakes

Freshwater Systems

Read Chapter 1 Section 1

Interactive Notebook Table of Contents

Title Date Page #

1. Freshwater Systems 1/6/15

States of Matter 1/6/15 7

H2O Cycle 1/8/15 13

Double Bubble 1/13/15 ??

Freshwater 1/13/15 ??

Chapter 1 Section 1

• Reading : http://my.hrw.com/tabnav/controller.jsp?isbn=0030490839

• Output Activity: Definition and Picture

“Water on Earth”Ch. 1 Section 1

Pages 4-10

Vocabulary WordPicture Definition

Erosion

Water Cycle

Tributary

Watershed

Divide

Channel

Load

Ch. 1 Sect. 1 (Pages 4-10)

Bell Work 1/14/151. What percentage of all available water

does SW make up?Salt water makes up 97% of all water on Earth.

2. List 3 places where SW is found.

3. What percentage of all available water does FW make up?Fresh water makes up only 3% of water on Earth.

4. List 3 places where FW is found.

On your desk:1. IN2. Pencil/Pen3. PRIDE Cards

Erosion- the process by which wind, water, ice or gravity transports soil or sediment from one

location to another.

Water Cycle- the continuous movement of water from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean.

Tributary- A stream that flows into a lake or a larger stream.

Watershed- The area of land that is drained by a water system.

Divide- The boundary between drainage areas that have streams that flow in opposite directions.

Channel- The path that a stream follows.

Load- The materials carried by a stream.

Freshwater Systems

• 97% is ocean water.• Only 3% is freshwater.–2% is locked up in glaciers

and ice caps.–1% is usable by humans• Groundwater • Rivers • lakes

Freshwater Storage

• Glaciers- form where more snow falls than melts each year.

• Ponds and Lakes- form in depressions(low areas) in the land.

• Atmosphere- tiny % of earth’s water is found in the form of clouds.

Lakes• Lakes are formed when water fills in bowl-shaped

depressions in the Earth's surface, called basins. • Lake basins are formed in several ways. – Many lakes were formed by glaciers that covered large areas of

land during the most recent ice age, about 18,000 years ago.

Lake Types

• Natural Lakes- Form naturally when water filled in basins and there is no outlet. Ex: Mormon Lake, AZ

• Reservoirs- Formed when a river is dammed. A natural lake’s outlet can be dammed as well to regulate water flow. Ex: Bartlett Lake, AZ

Lakes• ZONES:• Littoral Zone- area closest to the shore.• Benthic Zone- lowest area of a body of water.• Pelagic zone- makes up the rest of the lake

Streams and Rivers• Tributaries- a stream

that flows into a lake or into a larger stream.

• Watershed- The area of land that is drained by a water system.– Also called drainage

basins.• Divide- The boundary

between drainage areas that have streams that flow in opposite directions.

ArizonaWatersheds

• Upper Colorado River Basin

• Verde River Basin

• Salt River Basin

• Little Colorado Basin

Let’s Create our own Watersheds!!

Materials:• Piece of white paper• Tape • Markers- brown, green

and blue• Spray bottle• Water

Bell Work 1/20 /15 On your desk:1. IN2. Pencil/Pen3. PRIDE Cards

You have 10

minutes to

review for

your Target

Tests!!

A BC

Let’s Create our own Watersheds!!

How many

watersheds do

you see?

Bell Work 1/21 /15 On your desk:1. IN2. Pencil/Pen3. PRIDE Cards

1. Log on to Edmodo/Synergy and check your target test scores from yesterday.

2. Bubble in your scores in the back of you IN.

3. Are you satisfied with the results? If Yes, what did you do to prepare?If No, what will you do next time to prepare for the target tests?

REVIEW: Lakes• ZONES:• Littoral Zone- area closest to the shore.• Benthic Zone- lowest area of a body of water.• Pelagic zone- makes up the rest of the lake

What happens to H2O after it precipitates from the clouds??

Stream Development

• Streams erode paths through sediment and rock, forming V-shaped valleys.

• But.... what affects stream formation and structure? How does the water want to flow?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=ubP_-ptVDbY

Supply of Water

• Stream formation relies on a consistent water supply

– Precipitation – Underground deposits of water

Supply of Water

• Moving water carves a narrow pathway into the sediment or rock called the stream channel.

• Stream banks hold the moving water within them.

Velocity of stream

• When a stream is straight the water has maximum velocity in the center of the channel

• The water has minimum velocity on the sides and bottom of the channel

WHY????

Meanders• A bend or curve in a stream channel is called a

meander .

• Water moving along the outside of a meander curve experiences the greatest velocity and erodes the side of the stream bed.

• Water moving along the inside of the meander is slower and deposition is occurring.

ErosionDeposition

Deposition

• Delta- A fan-shaped mass of material deposited at the mouth of a stream.

Deposition

• Alluvial Fan- A fan-shaped mass of material deposited by a stream when the slope of the land decreases sharply.

Floods• A flood occurs when

water spills over the sides of the stream’s banks.

• The flat area that is covered with water during times of flooding is called the floodplain.

pH

pH of Water• Acid- A substance that can donate a hydrogen ion (H+) to

another substance

• Base- A substance that can accept a hydrogen ion (H+) from another substance– Hydroxide ion (OH-) is formed

H 2O can be

an acid or a

base

Acidic Water (pH<7)

Basic (Alkaline) Water (pH>7)

Chapter 1 Section 1 Questions• Reading :

http://my.hrw.com/tabnav/controller.jsp?isbn=0030490839

• Output Activity: Answer questions 1-10• Make sure to write the question and answer!!

“Water on Earth”Ch. 1 Section 1

Pages 4-10

Bell Work 1/22/151. What is the difference between a delta and alluvial fan?The difference between a delta and alluvial fan is the elevation change of the stream to the ocean. 2. Describe how a meander is formed. Make sure to include velocity, erosion, and deposition.• Meanders are formed due to the movement of

stream water. The greatest velocity is on the outside of the meander, which causes erosion. The lowest velocity occurs at the inside of the meander, where deposition occurs.

On your desk:1. IN2. Pencil/Pen3. PRIDE Cards

GroundwaterThe water located beneath the earth's surface in soil pore spaces and in the fractures of rock formations.

Rock is either…

Permeable rock- a rock that water can easily flow through.

Impermeable rock- a rock that water cannot flow through.

Groundwater

The majority of freshwater is found underground.• Water collects in spaces between particles of

sediments underground.

AquifersA layer of rock or sediment that stores groundwater.

What type of rock makes a good aquifer?- sedimentary rock- many pores (open spaces) between sediments

Aquifers• Porosity- The

fraction of a rock’s volume that is taken up by pores.

• Permeability- A rocks ability to let water pass through.

Aquifer

• Saturated zone- region where pore spaces are entirely filled with water.

• Water table- top of the saturated zone.

How do we get to groundwater?

• Well- A hole dug below the water table in order to access water.

• Spring- The side of a hill intersects the water table and water flows out.

Well Location

Bell Work 1/23/15

1. What type of rock makes a good aquifer? Describe why!!Sedimentary rock! Sedimentary rock is very porous and holds a lot of water.

2. What is permeability?A rocks ability to let water pass through.

On your desk:1. IN2. Pencil/Pen3. PRIDE Cards

Volume of water / Time = Permeability

Video??• • HORIZON Eight• Arizona PBS-Water Sustainability• • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OxC779Fjw1o • • What are the three Rs?• • Where does AZ get it’s water? (groundwater, surface water, and a little

bit of reclaimed water.)• • Why is Arizona fortunate as far as water supply? (We have alot of ground

water, we have large rights to the CO River)