Bell Ringer#1 Locate the following: a. The Netherlands are located east of ____ and within the borders of ____. *Use Chapter 14, Section 1!

Bell Ringer #1

Locate the following:

a. The Netherlands are located east of ____ and within the borders of ____.

*Use Chapter 14, Section 1!

EUROPE IN CRISIS : THE WARS OF RELIGION

Chapter 14 Sec 1

France

1560- Calvinism and Catholicism were militant (combative) Win converts Eliminate other’s authority

Huguenots (HYOO guh NAWTS)- French Protestants 7% of total population 40-50% of the nobility Powerful threat to the Crown (king)

1598- Edict of Nantes by King Henry IV Catholicism became the official

religion of France Huguenots gained freedom to worship

and kept political rights

Spain

1556-1598- King Phillip II Supporter of militant

Catholicism Wanted to unify Spanish

territory in Spain, the Netherlands, Italy, and the Americas Each nation/territory

resisted the Spanish control Many refused to convert to

Catholicism Spain went bankrupt due to

military spending Out-of-date military Inefficient government

England

1558- Queen Elizabeth I England became the leader of the Protestant

nations of Europe Act of Supremacy- Supreme leader of the

church and government Moderate Protestantism

Kept Protestants and Catholics happy Attempted to balance the power between

France and Spain If one nation seemed to gain power, England

would support the weaker nation 1588- Phillip II of Spain ordered an armada

(fleet of warships) to invade England Lost battles against the English fleet Many ships sank off the coast of Ireland and

Scotland due to storms

Label major European countries and color code them by individual religion.

1. Label your map “European Religions Circa 1560”2. Using the maps on page RA10, 431 & 432 of your text,

label the following countries (use black or standard pencil):

Spain, France, England, Italy (Italian States)

3. Using the map on page 431, label the Netherlands. 4. And, OUTLINE & label the Holy Roman Empire

Boundary in RED. 5. Make a legend for the following countries in the white

space. 1. Catholic- Yellow 2. Lutheran- Orange3. Calvinist-Blue4. Anglican- Green

Bell Ringer #2

How did the invention of gunpowder change the way wars were fought?

Define the following:

a. Divine Right of Kings-

*Use Chapter 14, Section 2!

SOCIAL CRISIS, WAR, AND REVOLUTION

Chapter 14 Sec 2

The Thirty Years War

1555- Peace of Augsburg Allowed Germans to choose

between Catholicism and Lutheranism

Did not include Calvinism (newest form of Protestantism)

1618- Began in the Holy Roman Empire Started as a religious war

Germany v. HRE Soon became political

Denmark, Sweden, France, and Spain joined

The Thirty Years War

All fighting took place in Germany

France emerged as the dominant European nation

1648- War ended Freedom of religion in

Germany Holy Roman Empire is

dissolved Over 300 states were

recognized as independent nations

Revolutions in England

1603- King James I (Elizabeth I’s cousin) Divine Right of Kings-

kings receive their power from God and are responsible only to God

Parliament- group of representatives of English citizens King/Queen and

Parliament ruled together

Revolutions in England

1688- William and Mary Glorious Revolution

English Bill of Rights Parliament’s right to make

laws, impose taxes, and declare war

Citizens rights to keep arms and trial by jury

Government based on rule of law (everyone must obey the law) and constitutional monarchy (king is head of country but laws are made by parliament)

Destroys the divine right theory

Bell Ringer #3

Define the following:

a. Absolutism-

Identify the following:

a. Thomas Hobbes-

b. John Locke-

*Use Chapter 14, Section 3-4!

RESPONSE TO CRISIS : ABSOLUTISMAND

THE WORLD OF EUROPEAN CULTURE

Chapter 14 Sec 3-4(ish)& Not in Textbook

Response to Crisis

Absolutism- political system where a ruler has total power Monarchs gained strength Divine right of kings Tremendous power Caused by the weakening of

the church during the Renaissance and Reformation

Louis XIV of FranceFrederick William the

Great Elector of PrussiaPeter the Great of Russia

Four Theories of Government

4 theories of government emerged due to Absolutism Force Theory Evolutionary Theory Divine Right Theory Social Contract Theory

Force Theory

A person or a small group claimed control over land and forced all within to submit to his/their rule Citizens don’t have a choice

Evolutionary Theory

State developed naturally out of early family dynamics. “Head” of the family was the first stage of political

development

Divine Right Theory

Theory that God created the state and that God gave those of “royal birth” the right to rule. Monarchy Dictatorship

Social Contract Theory

An agreement or contract between the people and the government.

Social Contract Theory

Thomas Hobbs- 1651 People give up their right to be governed The government will protect people’s rights

Absolute government- preserve order in society

John Locke- 1690 Natural Rights- Life, Liberty, and Property

Inalienable- cannot be taken away by the government

The government protects the people’s rights and the people act reasonably toward the government

If the government does not hold up its end of the deal, the people will have the right to overthrow the government

Inspired the American Declaration of Independence and the US Constitution

Theories of Government Practice

Write a short story for each theory of government that accurately demonstrates the theory.

25 points eachNo less than 5 sentences eachShould have a beginning and an end

Example:

John and Mari were best friends for several years. They started dating when the were sophomores in high school and attended college together. After college, they moved to Podunk, USA and started a beef cattle farm. Their closest neighbor was 25 miles away. However, as time passed and John and Mari were now in their 50s, the town had grown to 25 families. The families regarded John as it’s community leader because he was the first person to live there and he was the oldest. They always turned to him in times of need and crisis (such as a drought).