Bell Ringer - WikispacesEconomic+Imperialism.pdf · Bell Ringer During the “Age of Imperialism” what colonies were awarded to America? How did the United States receive these

Bell Ringer

During the “Age of Imperialism” what colonies were awarded to America?

How did the United States receive these colonies?

U.S. Economic ImperialismT r a n s f o r m a t i o n s

A r o u n d t h e G l o b eS e c t i o n t h r e e

Lesson Essential Question

LEQ:

How did the United States influence Latin America?

Objectives:

1. Explain how Latin America’s colonial legacy shaped it’s history.

2. Document how foreign powers influenced Latin American economies.

3. Trace effects of the Monroe Doctrine and the Roosevelt Corollary.

Setting the Stage1800s: After Independence

Most Latin Americans worked for large landowners who took advantage of them (peonage)

Landowners grew wealthier and bought up all the land

Unequal distribution of land and inability to use it effectively caused problems

Political Instability

Army leaders gained fame and power during independence

Caudillos: military dictator

Nearly all countries of Latin America were ruled by caudillos

Juan Vicente Gomez: “All Venezuela is my cattle ranch”

Political Instability

Domingo Sarmiento: reform-minded President of Argentina (1868-1874)

Education: number of students in school doubled

Caudillos usually seized control from these reformers

Political Instability

Caudillos faced little opposition:

Wealthy landowners liked keeping their power

Had little knowledge of democracy under colonial rule

Political power was restricted to property owners or those who could read (upper & middle classes)

Objective #1

Explain how Latin America’s colonial legacy shaped its history.

Social & Economic Problems: The majority of Latin Americans remained poor laborers while landowners

got wealthier. The unequal distribution and ineffective use of land prevented Latin America to develop.

Politically: They gained little experience of democracy. Latin America was controlled by caudillos who faced

little opposition. Most Latin Americans had no political power due to no voice or voting rights.

Economies Grow under Foreign Influence

Latin America was now free to trade with foreign nations

Their economy depended on exports. Technological advances allowed these to grow

They imported all their manufactured goods

Remained unindustrialized!

Critical Thinking Checkpoint

Why couldn’t an unindustrialized country be a major world power?

Economic ColonialismLatin America used little income to modernize

Roads, Railroads, Schools, Hospitals

Borrowed money to develop export industry facilities

Most countries could not pay forcing foreign nations to control their industries

Objective #2

Document how foreign powers influenced Latin American economies.

Latin America’s economy was based solely on exports. They were unindustrialized and

depended on foreign manufactured goods.

Instead of modernizing, Latin America developed their export facilities. They

borrowed money from foreign nations, went into debt, and caused foreigners to take control

of their economic industries.

A Latin American Empire

The United States had strong links to it’s Southern neighbor

Monroe Doctrine: U.S. statement of opposition to European influence in the Americas

“The American continents...are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers.”

Cuba Declares Independence

Cuba was one of Spain’s last colonies

1868: Cuba declared independence and fought Spain for 10 years

Jose Marti: Cuban writer who fought for Cuban independence

Cuba Declares Independence

Mid 1890s: United States had economic stake in Cuba and objected to Spain brutalities

Spanish-American War: war fought between the United States and Spain in 1898, in which the Americans supported the Cuban fight for independence

The United States launched a two front war and won

Cuba is Independent

1901: Cuba became an “independent” nation

United States set up a military government and controlled Cuban affairs

Spain turned over Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the U.S.

Connecting Oceans

Latin America considered the United States as “Colossus of the North”

1870: Transcontinental Railroad connected coasts

Time consuming & difficult

Sea travel between coasts involved a 13,000 mile trip

Canal would be faster!

Connecting the Oceans

Panama Canal Project:

United States had interests since early 19th century

France tried but failed

Teddy Roosevelt offered Columbia $10 million and a yearly payment to build canal

Connecting Oceans

Columbia demanded more money!

Teddy responded by encouraging a revolution in Panama

1903: With help from U.S. Navy, Panama won independence

Big Thank You: Gave United States 10 mile wide canal zone

Panama CanalUnited States had a decade long struggle

floods, heat, malaria, yellow fever, and the bubonic plague

Panama Canal: Man-made waterway connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans

Latin America became a crossroads of world trade and the U.S. controlled the tollgate

The Roosevelt Corollary

The Panama Canal allowed the United States to increase it’s foothold in Latin America

Roosevelt Corollary: Statement that the United States had the right to exercise “police power” in the Western Hemisphere

This justified U.S. military intervention in Latin America

Objective #3

Trace effects of the Monroe Doctrine and the Roosevelt Corollary

Monroe Doctrine: discouraged European intervention in North and South America

Roosevelt Corollary: extension of the Monroe Doctrine authorizing U.S. intervention in the Western Hemisphere

These were used several times to justify U.S. intervention, allowing U.S. troops to occupy some countries for decades.

U.S. ignored protests of powerless Latin Americans

Critical Thinking Checkpoint

How as the principle of the Roosevelt Corollary

different from that of the Monroe Doctrine?

Summarizer

Complete the Re-Teaching Worksheet with your Partner!

Reading & Research

Advanced Classes:

Read “Building the Panama Canal” and complete Research Option #2