Bell Ringer 8.29.2011 (Today: Do NOT write questions) • 1. Do you think seeds would grow better in saltwater or freshwater ? • 2. Write a hypothesis explaining what you think. • For example: “If I grow seeds in saltwater, then they would grow _________ than they would in freshwater.” 1
Bell Ringer 8.30.2011 How do living things in the environment affect non living things? Give an example How do the nonliving things affect the living things? Give an example List three nonliving things that you use everyday. 2
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Bell Ringer 8.29.2011(Today: Do NOT write questions)
• 1. Do you think seeds would grow better in saltwater or freshwater?
• 2. Write a hypothesis explaining what you think.
• For example: “If I grow seeds in saltwater, then they would grow _________ than they would in freshwater.”
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Bell Ringer 8.30.2011Bell Ringer 8.30.20111. How do living things in the environment
affect non living things? Give an example
2. How do the nonliving things affect the living things? Give an example
3. List three nonliving things that you use everyday.
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Chapter 2Chapter 2
Principles of EcologyPrinciples of Ecology
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I. EcologyI. Ecology
Ecology: study of interactions between organisms and their environments
• Ecology reveals relationships between living and non living things
Complete Chart in Notebook,Complete Chart in Notebook, do 15 items do 15 items
Item biotic abiotic
students
desk
bacteria
X
X
X
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Bell Ringer 8.30.2011Bell Ringer 8.30.2011
1. Define Biotic.
2. Define Abiotic.
3. List 3 biotic and 3 abiotic factors in your environment at home.
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III. Levels of Organization in III. Levels of Organization in EcologyEcology• From the small to the large picture1. Organisms: the individual living thing
2. Population: the number of one species in an area at the same time
Sponge 9/30/10Sponge 9/30/101. Define autotroph and give
an example.
2. Define heterotroph and give an example
3. The cow in the picture is what type of heterotroph?
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VII. Food ChainsVII. Food Chains1. Food Chains: diagram that shows how
matter & energy move through the ecosystem
Grass Rabbit Snake Hawk– Arrows show direction energy is going– Food chains always start with a plant– Usually have only 3-5 levels– Energy is lost when moving up the food
chain
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2. Trophic Levels: level an organism belongs to is determined by its distance from the producer
2. Why is a food web a better diagram than a food chain?
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Sponge 10/8/2010
1. What is NITROGEN? Is it a gas, liquid, or a solid?
2. Do you need NITROGEN? 3. Do plants need NITROGEN?
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VIII. Cycles of NatureVIII. Cycles of Nature
• First: The Nitrogen Cycle
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Nitrogen CycleNitrogen Cycle1. Nitrifying Bacteria: takes nitrogen out of the
atmosphere and puts it in the soil as NH32. Nitrates: created by nitrifying bacteria that
plants take in through roots3. Plants: Legumes take in nitrogen and use it
to make protein4. Animals: eat plants so nitrogen enters
protein in muscle tissue5. Waste & Dead organisms: return nitrogen
to the soil with the help of bacteria
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Sponge 10/15/2010Sponge 10/15/2010
1. Why is water important to our ecosystem?
2. What is precipitation?
3. What is evaporation?
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`̀The Water Cycle pg 53Water is recycled in 4 stages.1. Precipitation: rain, snow2. Evaporation: water molecules enter the
atmosphere.3. Condensation: water in the atmosphere
condenses on cooler surfaces than the temp. of air
4. Transpiration: water lost through leaves in plants.
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Sponge 10/8/2010 Sponge 10/8/2010
1. In your own words describe the following steps of the water cycle:
a. Precipitationb. Condensationc. Evaportationd. transpiration
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Sponge 10/11/2010Sponge 10/11/2010
1. Why is nitrogen important to our ecosystem?
2. How does bacteria play a role in the Nitrogen cycle?
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Sponge 10/18/2010
• 1. When you water a plant, where does the water end up?
• 2. Name all 4 stages of the water cycle.
• 3. Which stage of the water cycle makes water drops appear on a cold glass of lemonade?
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The Carbon CycleThe Carbon Cycle pg 55 pg 55
• All living things are made of carbonCarbon is recycled in 4 steps1. Death and decay: return carbon to the soil.2. Respiration: by animals returns carbon
dioxide to the air. Ex. Exhaling3. Combustion: burning materials returns
carbon monoxide to the air4. Photosynthesis: returns carbon to living
things through plant life.
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Sponge 10/21/2010Sponge 10/21/2010
1. Describe how plants have an important role in the carbon cycle.
2. Describe how heterotrophs (ex. Animals) have an important role in the carbon cycle.
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IX. BiomesIX. Biomes
• Biome: a large group of ecosystems that share the same type of community.
• 2 Types of Biomes– Aquatic: freshwater and saltwater– Terrestrial: Tundra, Taiga, Desert,