Bell Ringer: Blueprints for War 1. Define total war. 2. Describe the Schlieffen Plan EC: List two ways life as a soldier changed traditional relations.

Bell Ringer: Blueprints for War Bell Ringer: Blueprints for War

1. Define total war. 2. Describe the Schlieffen Plan EC: List two ways life as a soldier changed

traditional relations in Europe between men

World War I World War I

Warfare

Literary Reactions

War Imagery

WWI Unit Essential QuestionsWWI Unit Essential Questions What are World War I military technology tactics and

their effects of the combatants? What were the domestic consequences of WWI on

women and home front governments? How does WWI change domestic policy, hurt

socialism, and promote big government? Were revolutionary and resistance movements

successful in participating governments in Europe? What were the factors, strategic errors, economic

factors, and entry of the USA, that led to the defeat of German and the other Central Powers?

What is the military industrial complex? What is the military industrial complex? Interconnection between

economic machine based production of weapons to army and navy strategies and political policies

1840s- Today Important Catalysts:

Captain John Arbuthnot fisher

W.T. Stead

Results: Policies Industry Economics Politics War Journalism

Military Industry Complex during WWIMilitary Industry Complex during WWI Causes

Arms Production Steel, ammunition,

machine guns, bombs

Naval Competition Civilian Supplies

Food, clothing, shelter

Transportation

Effect War/Business Councils Profits/Growth of

Industries Lobbying Politicians Manipulation of the

media Employment Recession After War

Machinery of WarMachinery of War machine guns rifles, airplanes, battleships, submarines, and motorized transport cars

and trains chlorine gas Tanks bombs

British Soldiers’ KitBritish Soldiers’ Kit British Soldiers' Kit

The soldiers who attacked on the Somme on 1 July 1916 are sometimes portrayed as being laden with a pack weighing over 66lbs (30kg). While it is true that the British soldier’s load in full ‘marching order’ exceeded 66lbs, the initial fighting waves on the Somme were more lightly equipped. Official records and photographic evidence show what was worn and carried. By the start of the Battle every British soldier had been issued with a steel helmet.

The War Diary of 94th Brigade (The National Archives WO95/2363), which attacked at Serre, specified the following clothing and equipment for 1 July 1916:

Dress – Marching order without packs, groundsheet rolled on the belt with the mess tin on top, haversack on the back. Each man carries 170 rounds of SAA [small arms ammunition] – 120 in pouches and 1 bandolier containing 50 rounds. 4 bombs, 4 [empty] sandbags Gas helmet (rolled under steel helmet) 1 complete day’s rations in addition to Iron Rations. Tin disc tied to the outside of the haversack with string (this was intended to reflect light so that senior commanders and artillery spotters

could keep track of the advancing waves advancing wave

Albert Smith's Letter HomeAlbert Smith's Letter Home Albert Smith tries to dissuade his brother Greg from joining the war effort by encouraging him to stay in school. Click here to see France; Oct. 15, 1918.; Mr. Mcgregor Smith; Cookeville, Tenn. Dear "Greg":

This is the wettest muddiest country I ever saw, it has been raining steadily for seven weeks. I stepped in a mud hole the other night and went up to my waist in mud and didnt get to change clothes and in fact I haven't changed yet. I haven't changed for over two month and havent even had my clothes off for that length of time. I have not had a bath for six weeks and none in sight for I haven't the slightest idea of using what little drinking water I get in my canteen for batheing purposes. I shave as often as possible for the beard on my face keeps my Gas mask from being effective and the germans use quite a bit of gas. Gas and machine gun is their only effective weapons. I have been on every front in France. You cant imagine how torn up this country really is. Every where there are wire entanglements and trenches and dug outs. Even out of the war zone there are entanglements and dugouts to protect the civilians from air raids. I have been from border to border of France and I mean I made the trip on foot throughout the country like a Gypsy horse trader we would hike a while and then stop and fight a while. It was a great hike but a hard one as it was raining every day and night.. I saw ever bit of it and saw the infantry go over the top. That certainly was a night that I will always remember. Our doughboy are the greatest men in the world, they certainly have the heart of the city.

Don't worry about coming over here stay in school that is your service to your country. I am in good health and ready to come home after the war but not before, I will do my bit here. I was appointed for the officers, training camp this month for the third time but refused it, I will go later on in the year I want to stay on the front as long as the war lasts. Be good and study HARD have a good time and write often.

Love to all, Albert.Corp. Albert P. Smith Hq. Co. 115 F.A. American Expdt. France.n

http://www.history.com/minisite.do?content_type=Minisite_Generic&content_type_id=1025&display_order=1&mini_id=1400

http://www.history.com/minisite.do?content_type=Minisite_Generic&content_type_id=1025&display_order=1&mini_id=1400

Trench WarfareTrench Warfare

British infantry knee deep in mud.

An Australian trench at Messines Ridge.

An abandoned German trench

at Messines Ridge.

Officers walking through a flooded communication trench.

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.





The First TanksThe First Tanks

Strategies and BattlesStrategies and Battles Battles:

Marne 1914 Sept 6-10: Saved Paris, but Germans gained the industrial north east of

France; Great Britain, French, Germans Gallipoli 1915-1916

Great Britain fights the Ottoman Empire over a strategic naval position

Verdun 1916 21 Feb to July German General Erich von Falkenhayn attempts all out

offensive against the French led by General Petain; 400,000 dead on either side, 1 road La Voie Sacree

Somme 1916 General Haig of the Brits bombardment fails; Germans ready,

French fail as well; 20,000 dead on the 1st day; October rains, Allies advance only 5 miles after 1 mill + casualties

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/interactive/animations/western_front/index_embed.shtml

The War at SeaThe War at Sea August 1914, British Grand Fleet had

20 big gun dreadnought and super dreadnought battleships 4 fast battle cruisers

German Navy 13 German dreadnoughts 3 battle cruisers

Torpedoes Mines Blockades/ Convoys U-Boats

War MusuemWar Musuem

Imperial War Museum's Online Exhibit Battle of the Somme

http://www.iwm.org.uk/server/show/nav.00o

http://www.iwm.org.uk/server/show/nav.00o

Literary ReactionLiterary Reaction Under Fireby Henri Barbousse

French Perspective Tone, Value and Limitations

All Quiet on the Western Front by Erich German Perspective Tone, Value and Limitations

Poetry Owen, Sasson English Perspective Tone, Value and Limitations

Imagery of World War I: Propaganda and ReactionImagery of World War I: Propaganda and Reaction

Political CartoonsPolitical Cartoons

EnlistmentEnlistment

Political Cartoons Cont.Political Cartoons Cont.

Political CartoonsPolitical Cartoons

DesperationDesperation

USA Current Army STrongUSA Current Army STrong

Army Strong Video

http://www.army.mil/recruiting/

QuotationsQuotations "Yesterday I visited the battlefield of last year. The place was scarcely recognisable. Instead of a wilderness of

ground torn up by shell, the ground was a garden of wild flowers and tall grasses. Most remarkable of all was the appearance of many thousands of white butterflies which fluttered around. It was as if the souls of the dead soldiers had come to haunt the spot where so many fell. It was eerie to see them. And the silence! It was so still that I could almost hear the beat of the butterflies' wings." - a British officer, 1919.ﾊ

"The First World War killed fewer victims than the Second World War, destroyed fewer buildings, and uprooted millions instead of tens of millions - but in many ways it left even deeper scars both on the mind and on the map of Europe. The old world never recovered from the shock." - Edmond Taylor, in "The Fossil Monarchies"ﾊ

"Soldiers! Heroes! The supreme command has erased our regiment from its records. Our regiment has been sacrificed for the honor of Belgrade and the Fatherland. Therefore, you no longer have to worry for your lives - they do not exist anymore. So, forward to glory! For King and Homeland! Long live the king! Long live Belgrade!" ﾑ major Dragutin Gavrilovic, to defenders of Belgrade in First World Warﾊ In Flanders fields the poppies blowBetween the crosses, row on row,That mark our place; and in the skyThe larks, still bravely singing, flyScarce heard amid the guns below.- Canadian lieutenant colonel John McCrae, from the poem "In Flanders Fields”

What passing-bells for these who die as cattle?Only the monstrous anger of the guns.- Wilfred Owen, from Anthem for Doomed Youth"Gott strafe England" was a common slogan of the German Army, which means "May God punish England".ﾊ"In war-time the word patriotism means suppression of truth." - Siegfried Sassoon in 'Memoirs of an Infantry Officer'.ﾊ"In war there are three courses of action open to the enemy, and he usually chooses the fourth." - General Helmuth von Moltke'.ﾊ"We will support Britain to the last man and the last shilling." - Andrew Fisher, Australian Prime Minister at the outbreak of the war.ﾊﾊ



The Armenian GenocideThe Armenian Genocide







QuickTime™ and aSorenson Video decompressorare needed to see this picture.











Suez CanalSuez Canal









Bell Ringer: Blueprints for War 1. Define total war. 2. Describe the Schlieffen Plan EC: List two ways life as a soldier changed traditional relations.

Documents

war slide

world war

war diary

war effort

total war

wave slide

steel helmet

british soldiers load