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Extension of
Cognitive Therapy
in the context of
Belief Revision
Prasanta Kumar RoyClinical Psychologist
&CBT Practitioner
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Whathappens in Cognitive
Therapy?
Pts. identify, reality-test, and correctdistorted conceptualization and the
dysfunctional beliefs (schemas)underlying these cognitions.
Pt learns to master problem andsituation
Pt learns to think and act morerealistically and adaptively
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Whathappensin Cognitive
Therapy?
Monitoring and correction of irrational,
distorted, or maladaptive thoughts that
mediate ones emotional andbehavioural responses to problematic
situations or problems
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Whathappensin Cognitive
Therapy?
When an individual holds an important
belief, he usually has some subjective
feeling about it. He has learned to trustthis subjective feeling
Pt may gradually integrate the therapistsidea into his belief system
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ExtensionofCognitive Therapy
Impressive growth over last 20 yrs.
Now addresses a vast range of disorders
& human problems
Incorporating new theories
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Whatis BeliefRevision
Belief revision is the process of changing
beliefs to take into account a new piece of
information
Revision is the process of inserting the new
information into the set of old beliefs without
generating an inconsistency. It night be a composition of a contraction
and an expansion
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Whatis BeliefRevision
A belief state (or database) is represented by
a set of sentences. The major operations of
change are those consisting in theintroduction or removal of a belief-
representing sentence.
It is different from update
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Water is here
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How BeliefRevision Occurs
Change in Perception
As a result ofArgument
Degrees of Justification: Strong logic
behind high inconsistencies
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BeliefRevision & Cognitive
Therapy
CT uses many of the belief revisionstrategies to change the ve thoughts,
-ve appraisal and Schema (core belief &assumption)
Socratic questioning, guided discovery,questioning the evidence, advantage-
disadvantage etc are commontechniques
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Philosophical Counselling
Vs Cognitive Therapy Ultimate truth vs happiness
Community vs Individual
Socio-politico-philosophical Understanding.Does it influence cognition?
Case examples:
1. A boy with religious obsession
2. A boy with fearful sexual image
3. A communist boy who suffered emotionallyafter a relationship break
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Factsabout CBT
CBT, the therapist does not ignore theclient's beliefs or try to shift the client
towards what the therapist feels isrational
Restructuring his cognition about Godmay not be helpful because then the
problem is maintained within the clientand the locus of control will getmaintained externally
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Factsabout CBT
The idea is to understand which beliefs
within the client are making it difficult for
him to deal with the thoughts about godthat he is getting and also where such
beliefs are originating from.
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WhetherExtensionwasrequired?
Outcome studies showed its superiority indepression. But same model could not be
used effectively in some of the anxietydisorders
CT was not successful with charaterologicalproblems
There was increased demand in other mentalillness, including psychotic processes, and inother areas like interpersonal, substance,sexual, health related etc.
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What kindofextension
Cognitive Analytic Therapy
Schema Therapy
Dialectical Behaviour Therapy
Self-Regulatory Executive Function
Model
Change in Metacognition
Socio-Cognitive Change
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