AAGin 11 BEIN AEROSPACE CO SEATTLE WA BOEING M ILITARY AIRPL--ETC F/G 9/2 COMPUTER PROGRAM DEVE.MET SPECFICATION FOR IDAMST OPERATIOM--ETCIO) NOV 76F33615-76-C-1099 UNCLASSIFIED SPEC-SG-404Z AFAL-TR-76-20G-AOO-2 ML
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
AAGin 11 BEIN AEROSPACE CO SEATTLE WA BOEING M ILITARY AIRPL--ETC F/G 9/2COMPUTER PROGRAM DEVE.MET SPECFICATION FOR IDAMST OPERATIOM--ETCIO)NOV 76F33615-76-C-1099
UNCLASSIFIED SPEC-SG-404Z AFAL-TR-76-20G-AOO-2 ML
08, Addendum #24r AF L-TR w 76 I208
SB 4042
~N/ MPI R JORMNVELOPHET ~CFCTOFOR I= E TIDNAL.&IO U4,ORAMS,?
A J U IJJL7 PPL IC ATIONS -FIAirI
Prepared byTHE BOEING AEROSPACE COMPANY
'vBOEING MILITARY AIRPLANE DEVELOPMENT
SEATTLE, WASHINGTON_ ,,
iv
APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED
PREPARED FORAIR FORCE AVIONICS LABORATORY )T IC
AIR FORCE SYSTEM COMMAND L C E kUNITED STATES AIR FORCE LECTEWRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB, OHIO 45433 APR 1 7 1980
T.IS DYCUMsENT IS BEST QUALITY I PE A NU.__ THE COPY F uRNIzfflD TO DDC CONTAI D A E
SIGBhIICAST NW.!BF Of PAIGM 1=, DO RNiLLJ NNPROAMi L,,IBil, 0Ao-
80 4 15 059'cm
DISCLAIMER NOTICE
THIS DOCUMENT IS BEST QUALITYPRACTICABLE. THE COPY FURNISHEDTO DTIC CONTAINED A SIGNIFICANTNUMBER OF PAGES WHICH DO NOTREPRODUCE LEGIBLY.
0
FORE WORD
* This document establishes performiance and design requirements for the IDAMSTOperational Flight Program Applications Software.
VA t was prepared for the Air Force Avionics Laboratory under Contract NumberF33615-76-C-1099, in fulfillment of Contract Data Requirement List item 0001,sequence number 7.
Accer,;Icn For
RTIS GFIA&i-
DIC
DIS'RIB! :')N '
A
IRITABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Title Page
Foreword iiTable of Contents iiiList of Figures viList of Tables 04Abbreviations viii
1.0 SCOPE I1.1 Identi ficati on I1.2 Functional Summary 1
2.0 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 22.1 Government Documents 2
3.0 REQUIREMENTS 33.1 Computer Program Definition 33.1.1 Interface Requirements 33.1.1.1 Interface Block Diagram 33.1.1.2 Detailed Interface Definition 73.1.1.2.1 IDAMST System Hardware Interfaces 73.1.1.2.2 Function Identification 73.1.1.2.2.1 Flight and Propulsion 73.1.1.2.2.2 Communication 203.1.1.2.2.3 Navigation and Guidance 203.1.1.2.2.4 Payload 243.1.1.2.2.5 Aircraft Systems 273.1.1.2.2.6 Defense 30
3.1.1.2.3 Software Interfaces 303.1.1.2.3.1 Executive Software Interface 31
3.1.2 Applications Software Architecture 413.1.2.1 Software Structure 413.1.2.2 Software Relationships 5
3.2 Detailed Functional Requirements 623.2.1 System Control Modules 623.2.1.1 Master Sequencer 623.2.1.2 Request Processor 623.2.1.3 Configurator 643.2.1.4 Subsystem Status Monitor 653.2.2 Operational Sequencers 663.2.3 Specialist Functions 673.2.3.1 Brute Force Specialist Functions 673.2.3.2 Computational 69
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Section Title Page
3.2.3.3 Tailored Mode Specialist Functions 79
3.2.3.4 Handler Specialist Functions 873.2.4 Display Processes 903.2.4.1 Lights Display Process 903.2.4.2 Instruments Display Process 913.2.4.3 HUD Display Process 913.2.4.4 HSD Display Process 92
3.2.4.5 MPD Checklist Display Process 943.2.4.6 MPD Parameters/Status Display Process 953.2.4.7 Eri'or/Warning Display Process 953.2.4.8 IMK Fixed Text Display Process 993.2.4.9 DEK Mark Display Process 993.2.4.10 IMK Status Display Process 101
3.2.5 Equipment Processes 103UHF-AM Equipment Process 103
3.2112VHF-AM Equipment Process 1053.2.5.3 VHF-FM Equipment Process 1063.2.5.4 HF/SSB Equipment Process 1073.?.5.5 ICS Equipment Process 108
Public Address Equipment Process 1093.5.7 Secure Voice Equipment Process 1093.2.5.6 DEK Equipment Process 1103.2.5.9 DSMU Equipment Process I113.2.5.10 TACAN Equipment Process 1122.5.11 HCU Equipment Process 1132,. OME-A Equipment Process 114
3.2 5. 3 CCA Equipment Process 1163.2 5.14 Flight Control System Equipment Process 116
. IFlares Dispenser System Equipment Process 118,-Meter Equipment Process 118
, INS Equipment Process 119.5.1 SKE/ZM Equipment Process 120
; 9' LF ADF Equipment Process 121I UHF ADF Equipment Process 122
Rdar Altimeter" Equipment Process 1243.9-5.2? ILS Equipment Process 126
5 23 Compass Equipment Process 1273.. 5. "-4 Long Range Radar Equipment Process 128.. " 5. 5 IRD & W System Equipment Process 1293. 5. ?6 RHAW System Equipment Process 129.e.. 5. I Flight Surfaces Equipment Process 1303. . Aircraft Sensors Equipment Process 1303. ..5.,9 Bakes/Gear/Caution Equipment Process 1313 2. 5.20 Avionics On/Off Equipment Process 132
iv
SV n . .. . . .I i
7*W .
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Section Title Page
3.2.5.31 FDR Equipment Process 133
3.2.6 Special Requirements 134
3.3 Adaptation 1353.3.1 General Environment 1353.3.2 System Parameters 1353.3.3 System Capacities 135
4.0 Quality Assurance Provisions 1384.1 Introduction 138
* 4.2 Computer Program Verification 1394.2.1 Program Element Tests 1394.2.2 CPCI Integration Tests 140
° 4.2.3 Formal Software Testing 140
5.0 Preparation for Delivery 141
6.0 Notes 1426.1 Growth Items 1426.1.1 JTIDS 1426.1.2 TF/TA 1456.1.3 GPS 146
10.0 Appendix I: Hardware/Software Signal List 147
v
, 9 .
LIST OF FIGURES
Nuiiber Title Page
3.0-1 IDAMST Composite Mission Requirements 4
3.1-1 IDAMST OFP Interfaces 53.1-2 IDAMST System Block Diagram 63.1-3 IDAMST Signal List for Applications Software/Examp'e 93.1-4 IDAMST Function Identification List 103.1-5 IDAMST Cockpit Instrument Panel 123.1-6 IMK-DEK-HCM 153.1-7 Avionics - Flight Control System Interface 193.1-8 Communication Equipment Control Requirements 213.1-9 INS Block Diagram 223.1-10 Navigation Control Requirements 253.1-11 Task States and Control 323.1-12 Application Software Organization 423.1-13 Master Sequencer Interface 43
* 3.1-14 Request Processor Interface 443.1-15 Configurator Interface 45
. 1-iF Subsystem Status Monitor Interface 46Operational Sequencer Interface 47
3.1-18 Computational Specialist Function Interface 493.1-19 Brute Force Specialist Function Interface 507.!-20 Tailored Mode Specialist Function Interface 51
handler Specialist Function Interface 52-isp'ay Processes Interface 53
3L-2, Equipment Processes Interface 54".1-24 Applications Software Control/Data Interfaces 56
' I Applications Software Components 63IK (Uflg A,i) Software Function 80
.- 3 MFFYi Software Function 83i.2-4 CCA (Pushbutton) Software Function 85
- HCH Software Function 86-, Sample PD Display Combined NAV/COMM Status 98
,- Sample I,11K Fixed - Text Display 100'-I Sample IMK Status Display 102
-,, so~.i ,' I P Transient/Receive Functions 143
vi I
Ip
LIST OF TABLES
Number Title Page
3.1-1 Display Parameters 133.1-2 Categories of Compool Blocks 36
3.2-1 HUD Parameters 933.2-2 Nominal Display vs. MPD Assignment 963.2-3 Normal Displays at Beginning of Mode 973.2-4 EQUIP Summary 104
3.3-1 IDAMST Storage/Timing Estimates 136
I
' I.
vii
vll
ABBREVIATIONS
ADC Air Data Computer
ADF Automatic Direction Finder
AFAL Air Force Avionics Laboratory
AMST Advanced Medium STOL Transport
BCIU Bus Controller Interface Unit
CARP Computed Air Release Point
CCA Column Control Assembly
CCIP Continually Computed Impact Point
CCT Combat Control Team
CRT Cathode Ray Tube
DAIS Digital Avionics Information System
" DEK Data Entry Keyboard
DITS Digital Integrated Test System
DS/MU Display Switch/Memory Unit
ECM Electronic Counter Measure
EFCS Electronic Flight Control System
EHARS Error Handling and Recovery Software
FcS Flight Control System
GMT Greenwich Mean Time
IOAMST Integrated Digital Avionics for a Medium STOL Transport
IFF,'SIF Identification Friend or Foe/Selective Identification Feature
ILS Instrument Landing System
HCU Hand-Controller Unit
HP/SSB High Frequency/Single Side Band
HSU Horizontal Situation Display
HUD Head-Up Display
IMK Integrated Multifunction Keyboard
INS Inertial Navigation System
LAPES Low Altitude Parachute Extraction System
v CL Master Caution Light
MDSL Modular Digital Scan Converter
viii
MFDC iulti-Function Display Controls
MMK Master Mode Keyboard
MMU Mass Memory Unit
MPD Multi-Purpose Display
MPDG Modular Programmable Display Generator
OFP Operational Flight Program (Software)
OPS Operational Sequencer
RF Radio Frequency
RTU Remote Terminal Unit
SCP Sensor Control Panel
SKE Station Keeping Equipment
* STOL Short Take-Off and Landing
° TACAN Tactical Air Navigation
TM Tailored Mode
T/R Transmi t/Receive
T/R+G Transmit/Receive Plus Guard
UHF Ultra High Frequency
VHF Very High Frequency
VLF Very Low Frequency
ZM Zone Marker
ix
1.0 SCOPE
1.1 IDENTIFICATION
This part of this specification establishes the requirements for performance,design, test, and qualification of a computer program identified as IDAMSTOperational Flight Program Applications Software.
1.2 FUNCTIONAL SUMMARY
-. This document specifies the software functional requirements for the AMSTMission Scenario,4efied ift-Referee 2-.4.l(a), Appendix Af. ApplicationsSoftware functions consist of providing the calculation and control capabilitynecessary for the following mission/operations task areas:
0 Flight and Propulsion,0 Communications,0 Navigation and Guidance
* d PayloadJ , Aircraft Systems *,
, @ ~Defense, __.
Section 2.0 contains a list of government/non-government documents which con-trini, . to this specification.
Section 3.0 describes the design and structure of the Applications Software,
and details the hardware/software interface and functional requirements.
,,tic< 4.0 contains procedures to test and verify the Applications Software.
Section 5.0 (Preparation and Delivery) is not applicable.
Section 6.0 contains a description of identified growth areas: JTIDS, TF/TA,
Section 10.0 contains a complete IDAMST signal list.
2.0 Applicable Documents
2.1 Government Documents
2.1.1 Appendices to Contract F33615-76-C-1099 Statement of Work (SOW).
(a) Appendix A - "AMST Mission Profile and Scenario (updated)".
(b) Appendix C - "System Architecture".
(c) Appendix E - "DAIS Mission Software, OFP Applications (SA-201-303)",17 Jan 74.
(d) Appendix F - "DAIS Mission Software, Executive (SA-201-320)",26 Dec 75.
(e) Appendix H - "Software Management Plan".
(f) Appendix M - "TRW System Backup and Recovery Strategy (TRW6404-5-6-06)", Sept 75.
2.1.2 DAIS Documents (Reference)
2.1.2.1 ICD - Mission Operation Sequence
Pilot/Controls and Displays/Interface with Application Software (SA-803-200),
15 March 76.
2.1.2.2 Mission Software/Controls and Displays Interface (SA-802-301),12 March 76
2.1.2.3 DAIS System Control Procedures, (SA-IO0-101 Appendix A), 7 Nov 75.
2.1.3 IDAMST Documents (Program generated).
2.1.3.1 Computer Program Development Specification, IDAMST OFP Executive(SB 4041), July 76.
2.1.3.2 Computer Program Development Specification, IDAMST OFP ErrorHandling and Recovery (SB 4043) July 76.
2.1.4 IDAMST Documents (Reference)
The following documents, because of release dates, serve only as referencedocumentation for this specification; however, are considered prime to furtherdefinition of the IDAMST system design.
2.1.4.1 System Specification for IDAMST, Type A (SI-lOO), June 76.
2.1.4.2 Prime Item Development Specification, IDAMST Processor, TypeBl (S1-4030), June 76. I
2.1.4.3 System Segment Specification, IDAMST Control/Display Subsystem,
Type A (Sl-5020), June 76.
2
3.0 REQUIREMENTS
This section contains interface and functional requirements for the IDAMST OFPApplications Software.
The AMST mission defined in Reference 2.1.1, Appendix A "AMST Mission Profileand Scenario" requires avionics software support in the areas of flight andpropulsion, communications, navigation and guidance, payload, aircraft systems,and defense. The Applications Software provides the support necessary to sat-isfy the design and performance requirements for these mission areas. Thesesupport functions include:
o C&D controlo Sensor controlo Specialized calculations (e.g., navigation, CARP)o Equipment health monitoringo Status maintenanceo Mission mode controlo Limited software reconfiguration
, An overview scena-io of the AMST mission is shown in Figure 3.0-1.
3.1 COMPUTER PROGRAM DEFINITIONr3.1.1 Interface Requirements
This section describes interface requirements imposed on the Applications Soft-ware design by other IDAMST equipment/computer programs.
Fiqu-e j.l- identifies the three computer program configuration items compris-ing the OFP software subsystem for IDAMST. The Applications Software function-ally interfaces with the AMST hardware subsystems integrated into IDAMST. Thisf rctional interface is shown by dashed lines on Figure 3.1-1 as a part of theF' [xecutive Software. Overall control of interface operations is provided
by d- xecutive.
The basic IDAMST software design and core element hardware design (provessors,jaT- hu remote terminals and control/displays core elements) are influenced!, Lr!e Dgital Avionics Information System (DAIS) design currently beingdeveloped by the Air Force Avionics Laboratory (AFAL). This is evidenced byc.c, tc architectural design requirements stated in this specification (Sec-
-). Also imposed on the OFP software as design considerations are-s and techniques for structured software design as noted in Sections
o,'ic ii of Reference 2.1.1, Appendix H "Software Management Plan".
-,i. 'ant characteristics of the IDAMST core element hardware effecting the' ,i:C2 cdticns software design are defined in Reference 2.1.1, Appendix C
L!,tr Arch itec ture".
Interfaice Block Diagram
l r - R.l-? is a block diagram of the IDAMST system. Three mission processorsarc e ' yed in wh.ch the OFP Applications Software resides in support of theAMST m-ssion, Overall system control is directed by the Executive Software,
3
0 0
Cc zLLW( IL L)
z ~z aO cc -
oz w c
0 c
L a
U) -
IIr
> < I x 4(
0 LA.U. xa 04
ZA.Z 04
L) n LU 4
0 ' U4
~r A
U)U
0
W4-4
0
I.
litl
'4
tS
CI
I
cd I U
0. .I
m~.cc IiiI~i~tII DLA. LL.
rc6
--~ -
including control of the functional interfaces between the Applications Soft-ware and the IDAMST system hardware. The task of the Executive with respectto these hardware/software interfaces is to make the mechanization of datatransfer transparent to the Applications Software and thereby decouple thesystem core element hardware programming considerations from the purely func-tional Applications Software tasks. To the Applications Software, the task of
communicating with IDAMST system hardware is essentially the formattinq, order-ing, and generation or interpretation of avionics hardware parameter (signal)lists.
3.1.1.2 Detailed Interface Definition
The intent of this paragraph and subparagraphs is to define the functionalrelationships of the Applications Software to the IDAMST system hardware andassociated OFP software (Executive and EHARS).
3.1.1.2.1 IDAMST System Hardware Interfaces
, Figure 3.1-2 illustrated the IDAMST system hardware in block diagram form.Figure 3.1-2.1 is the complete IDAMST equipment/disposition list.
The Executive software is tasked with the responsibility of making the mechan-i n frequency of communication transparent to the Applications Software.
Programming considerations imposed by the core element design are not apparentto the Applications Software. Therefore the Applications Software/hardwareinterfaces can be described by a signal list. Figure 3.1-3 is an example ofS,,-h a ;ist which is required to define the functional interface to the avionics
r r'ar n . The Application Software/IDAMST Hardware interface shall be as listedin iection 10.3.1.1.2.2 Function Identification
Ficure 3.1-4 identifies the selected functions for IDAMST requiring Applica-t.nrs Software support. These functions are categorized into six basic mission/i)lerations task areas:
o Flight and Propulsiono Communicationso Navigation and Guidanceo Payload. Aircraft Systemsc Defense
3.1.1.2.2.1 Flight and Propulsion
7nt !DA.IST functions in this category are those associated with pilot/copilot-3.t,-ol and management of the AMST flight. Five subcategories are identified:
c Crew Displayso Crew Controls
n Flight Control SystemD Weights and Balanceo Energy Management
7'.I
@l ae ral ! @Iue e, Is |
------.- -- -....: .'
ip to IIIi I lllI !i l 'C; I glII li .ll. ll l il
...... ... ..... ...
4 11' :: : m :: : :: . . .. . .......... . . . . . . . . .
q . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
---------"-------- '"'"-"i noI IIIIII 11 IIl I
,,.I l, ...,,, ,,, Il lilllll
[ .. .. it , ss .II . ......s
S i I""'"'"'"'
IIIIII IIIt llll Illllll ll
IIIIIIIIII
IIII I I I iiiiiillllllllllI
giiiiii
,i i • I ii N ll~ jj • SISi IIj I 1,,11 s Ii IIIuIIIIe,,se
_ . , , ,, l.,
: ., , ,, ,,,,, ,,,,,,,Il , , ,! , i. , . . ,, ,, , .,, ,, , ,,,
I.l
*e.
if~ ~ AP . a 4 0 Pd d 0
at 4 ' 9 0 L
'A a a a a a .. .d . CDL61J
00
40 af..,L.
6) ~ UA W610f. a 0.
-1 13 0 0o
0 4 D a V4 0 0
LI)
a 0
4: a- 5
o o 0 0
ts 0 0 0 0
(L 0 0 0 0
0-0
ifidLf ;f. ;-
ID 0 to Ziif I if *' K .4 ' 4/
a a aNo=
! I
C za
Tzz
J 0
I--- t-
z
-T--r
z2LI4
U -11 11 1 LL--TI
z I
'10
Figure 3.1-5 is a cockpit layout of the controls and displays integrated intothe IDAMST system.
3.1.1.2.2.1.1 Crew Displays
The Application Software shall transfer formatted parameter lists andcontrol commands to the various IDAMST display devices. These devices aredivided into two categories:
o CRT displays
o Dedicated displays
CRT Displays
CRT-type displays integrated into the IDAM*ST system are:
o HUD (pilot's, co-pilot's)
o HSD (pilot's, co-pilot's)
o MPD (pilot's, co-pilot's, center)
o IMK (pilot's, co-pilot's)
Funrtinnally the interface between the HUD, HSD, MPD displays and the Appli-cations Software shall be a list of ordered parameters and control datatransmitted to the Modular Programmable Display Generator (MPDG). Displayfo,- 3tting and symbol generation is the task of the MPDG. Table 3.1-1 lists
r- Nr iieters and types of information to be displayed on the HUD, HSD, andPL.
The interface between the IMK CRT and the Applications Software shall be.or.trol and page identification transmitted to the Alpha/Numeric Symbol Gen-P'n 'i()r.
Dedicateo Dispjlas
* il ledicated displays have been integrated into the [DAMST system. The'c Iowinq displays shall be controlled by the Applications Software.
0 PCrlc
o irsoeed
a 1titude
Verticdl Velocity
, Meter
a Wirning Lights
EFCSSpeel LowGround Proximity Warning
o lat'ker Beacon Lights
11
II LI IElI
- El I [iIW]Wo
fij
0
M&i
I.0)4-4-
n 4.- €o L - 4(A 4-E) L. . 0-
C) (0 'S CU 4.0 0-4-t- .-. -0)0) >, 00 .4J S- t a.o - L.
0 10 E 4-0 L, -. 4= L =z L-- E W r 4-) M M -9- 4- r -Er
4J 4-4-'EU4-' L) e M4-' C0 > - V)(0." 4-'i O I 4 - 0,. 0I u0 " -- - m (% O ..-) (0 4-) V) A S- 4- . ) LC . . t" o . r- CL.,- a-
* .- 0o
Er- 0 4.-
*u tA L. 0Lfl U4-'- s- o S-(o o > (a- GJ :€ faS..-LI ) D - -
V) m o. L!w<: i )C L
(A CL~~r~W4)
* m 4- "0 r0 0)
.. A "- .(aLL 0 .a" ---
13 -o
. a) & AC
fu4- In Q -
> 0 0 ' 0
tto WS-w~ -
0 4-'O0C5.-S-0)0)1JC4 4)J) V
- C-
~0) C-~j -0) 4-
- ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ C c S- 5-1.0 ) i- )0~..) 0-C I m 0~C M( 0 .J.r E-
. C, V U0) *C0) 'Z; = in-LS- c -.- 0a ) u no.- a>C:v~ -n40 ,, 5 e - - : :r S- 0)a
4ZC 40) 0))000.1-C-) o- ) c
4r-. ~C f~ - 4'- W ' 0 a) CCC4-)JCCrS
U 0 ) n0) W S-J 0) U 0- E -)~ mi 0 (M-
C -WC =C 4 4 4 M 4) X13
0 0
3.1.1.2.2.1.2 Crew Controls
The controls shown on Figures 3.1-5 and 3.1-6 are as follows:
o Integrated Multifunction Keyboard - IMK (pilot's, co-pilot's)
o Data Entry Keyboard - DEK (pilot's, co-pilot's)
o Column Control Assembly - CCA (pilot's, co-pilot's)
o Multifunction Display Controls - MFDC (pilot's HSD and MPD, co-pilot'sHSD and MPD, center MPD)
o Hand Controller Unit - HCU
o Master Mode Keyboard - MMK
The Applications Software shall accept input from these devices, andafter processing display requested information and/or acknowledgereceipt of control action.
14
~~WWWWfo E1mWRIMI
WPw lw0
TwilM III WWWWWWO
FliwL 0LJ
F 11 __
IHro E P'EE
15
.I- ' '
Integrated Multifunction Keyboard (IMK)
The two IMKs (pilot's and co-pilot's) are the primary crew control devices.The IMK (Figure 3.1-6) consists of two sets of keys and a CRT. There areeight keys across the top of the IMK. These top keys allow the crew to selectspecial functions that do not normally occur during a current mission phase.These functions are:
o Communications - used to control the radio equipmento Navigation - used to control the navigation equipment
and steering modes.o Sensors - provides sensor mode control.o Systems - provides the crew with various system functions.o Library - allows the crew to activate several special
function that do not fit into other functional areas.o Checklist - enables the crew to request MPD checklists.o Payload - provides control for loading and dropping of
cargo.o DITS - provides access to test system.
The functions implied by the ten IMK side keys depend upon the current stateof the IMK. Each side key has a corresponding legend on the IMK CRT whichindicates the current meaning of the key. There are one or more IMK pages foreach mission phase and for each special function invoked by one of the eightIMK top keys.
The eight IMK top Keys are backlighted green (active) or yellow (inactive).The ten side keys are backlighted white.
The IMK CRT was discussed as a display device in Section 3.1.1.2.2.1.1.
Data Entry Keyboard (DEK)
The two DEKs (pilot's and co-pilot's) provide data entry capability and allowcrew to perform MPD checklist functions.
The DEK (Figure 3.1-6) consists of 16 pushbuttons used as follows:
o Data Entry
digits 0 through 9CASE upper/lower caseENTER : indicating end of data to softwareCLEAR : indicating restart to software
o Checklist
CHECK : check off itemSPACE : skip itemPAGE : advance page
The identification of each key depressed is sent (one at a time) to the Applica-tions Software and shall be processed upon receipt of an ENTER.
16
Column Control Assembly (CCA)
The two CCAs (pilot's and co-pilot's) allow microphone control by crew members.Shaker commands to the CCAs shall be generated by tl;e Application Software when-ever a stall condition becomes imminent.
Multi-Function Display Controls (MFDC)
The MFDC consists of the six pushbuttons functionally attached to each MPD/HSD device. These pushbuttons are used by the crew to:
o Switch a display from one device to another.o Request sub-types of a display.o Vary the display scale.o Request sensor video.o Etc.
The selected pushbutton(s) are backlighted.
Hand Controller Unit (HCU)
The HCU is used for: 1) navigation data entry and 2) radar antenna control.Figure 3.1-6 shows its layout.
HCU control consists of:
o Seven pushbuttons allowing selection of the CRT where cursoris applicable.
o A hand control to move cursor.o A button on the hand control which activates output of cursor
displacement (lst push) and terminates or designates to softwarethe final cursor position (2nd push).
The pushbuttons are backlighted green (active) or white (inactive).
Master Mode Keyboard (MMK)
The MMK (Figure 3.1-6 ) allows crew members to select high-level missionmodes. These mo, es determine the parameters to be displayed and the controlcaoability to be offered by the Application Software. Only one Master Modecan be active at any time.
MMK pushbuttons are backlighted green (active) or yellow (inactive).
The Master Modes are:
START Includes flight crew preflightTAKEOFF Taxi, takeoff, area departureENROUTE Later climb, cruise, early descentAIR REFUEL Rendeqvous, acquisition, refuelTF/TA Terrain Following/Terrain AvoidanceAIR DROP All except LAPES
17
I...
LAPESLAND Approach, land, taxiGO AROUNDSHUTDOWN Includes flight crew post flightGROUND TEST Ground crew preflight and postflight
3.1.1.2.2.1.3 Flight Control System
The Flight Control System is assumed to be flight critical; therefore it wasmechanized in a triplex configuration. The air data and aircraft attitudeinformation is required for flight control and assumed to be available for useby the avionics. In addition, the avionics system shall provide steeringsignals to the flight control system and monitor the flight control status.
The IDAMST - Flight Control System interface is shown in Figure 3.1-7.
3.1.1.2.2.1.4 Weights and Balance
* •A simple weight atid balance function is assumed, whereby aircraft grossweight, total fuel, and calculated center of gravity (c.g.) is displayed viaan MPD. The crew must input aircraft gross weight and c.g. position priorto takeoff and decremented weight and c.g. shift after cargo drop. Themission processors will maintain current estimated gross weight and c.g.position prior to takeoff and decremented weight and c.g. shift after cargodrop. The mission processors will maintain current estimated gross weightand c.g. position throughout the flight, based upon crew inputs, remainingfuel, and fuel distribution. Cargo weight decrements and c.g. shifts maybe pre-stored and only the drop event need be signalled to the processors viathe IMK.
3.1.1.2.2.1.5 Fnergy Management
Ehgine performance and airplane operations can be optimized by energy manage-ment technique. Energy management has been noted only as a potential growthitem.
18
Isivis EN OW i =C m
t 4I
asnivis aow NO
IailtLA
I _ _ _ _ _ _toViabI
IINI OI I
SAIVS GN 30O
1 14
3.1.1.2.2.2 Communications
IDAMST provides the flight crew with the capability to control variouscommunication devices for air-ground, air-air, and internal communications.A description of the function(s) associated with each device is given below.
The Intercommunication Set (AN/AIC-18) provides:
o two-way voice communication between crew stations
o interfaces with radio tranceivers, navigation receivers, publicaddress amplifier, and maintenance intercom outlets
The ICS allows for selection, control, and distribution of radio systems forairborne/ground station communication and monitoring.
The P.A. System (AN/AIC-13) is used for voice announcements in the cargoareas.
The two UHF-AM (AN/ARC-164) are used for military communications and asbackup ADF receivers. They provide short-range, line-of- sight, two-waysimplex voice communication with ground systems and other aircraft, operatingin the 225-399.95 mHz frequency band. When the radio is in backup ADF mode,bearing is obtained via the ADF EQUIP.
The VHF-AM radio (Wilcox-807A) is used for (CT and civilian communications.It provides two-way simplex 160 nautical mile voice communication in the118 - 135.975 mHz frequency band over line-of-site propagation paths.
The VHF-FM radio (FI4622A) is used primarily for military/CCT communications.It provides short-range line-of-sight, two way simplex voice communication inthe 30 - 75.95 mHz frequency range.
The HF/SSB radio (AN/ARC-123) is used for long-rwige military communications.It provides two-way simplex voice communications at distances up to 2,500nautical miles, operating in the 2 - 30 mHz frequency band.
The Secure Voice System (TSEC/KY-58)encrypts and decrypts VHF/UHF voicecommunication.
The IFF/SIF (AN/APX-1Ol) is used for automatic radar identification andposition/altitude reporting in the civil air traffic control system andsimilar data in the tactical traffic control environment. Its operationalfrequency band is 1030 - 1090 mHz.
Control is implemented by the flight crew via IMK. The particular controlassociated with each device shall be as shown in Figure 3.1-8.
3.1.1.2.2.3 Navigation and Guidance
IDAMST provides an Integrated Navigation System (Figure 3.1-9 ) which per-forms the following functions:
20
LL.
C-1)
Z:C).
CDA
cc LU 2
LL. L- ~j (A LIUiCr 0 r C0 0LUCA-
CLLU LLJ LJ =D(M - -
2:~c~0 OL'-
C) C)
U- I
I-, LU w )
2D: fr- L)D
2:1C M:C
UJ :D LU_ 0
2:1 w CD CA)~ IUCU- D L- 2:.-
HUJLUQCD~ C)D
C -
-J V) X:L CD+~Q 0-L): L)rZ -=i
= Y U- - : =C)-iUD U -- m ::D CI = ID
CD F- -,U V CDi L U
2: t-
><L' U =) L2
+ CY LU Or-2: M -_, LU Of a. Mr C-
CD L)U- LU ) O l wC) 0 JC)2 CD
+ ~2:C:LU 21
A 40
so~* ~ 14 - 0 - -
C,-Q *zw a ' CK14 -C zi- zJ *
>, 0~ 0>
a. .
o 0 o
00
2 W22
Area Navigation
The following enroute and terminal navigation functions are provided:
o Automatic three dimensional navigation and guidance within theATC environments
o TACAN slant range correction
o Automatic tuning of navigation radio receivers
o Great circle navigation and optimization of navigation position
o Route and terminal navigation data storage capacity adaptable toAir Force requirements
o Simple reversion to VORTAC or Inertial navigation
o Offset track capability
Computed Air Release Point (CARP)
Automatic CARP calculation capability shall be provided. Means of enteringload characteristics, wind data, relative target location, and positionupdate capability shall be designed for pilot ease of operation.
Rendezvous
4avigation data will be processed to compute guidance and steering data toenable rendezvous with other aircraft.
Flight Director
Fliaht Director Command Signals are provided for display on the pilots'Altitude Director Indicator.
Steering
Steering signals are provided for the Flight Control System.
rc 3ccomplish the above functions, the following sensors are provided:
o The TACAN System (AN/ARN-118) furnishes data relative to a selectedTACAN facility operating in the 962 - 1213 mHz frequency band.
o The two Radar Altimeters (AN/APN-194) are range tracking radars whichprovide altitude information from 0 - 5000 feet.
o The OMEGA Radio Navigation System (AN/ARN- ) provides airplaneposition fixes using the worldwide network of VLF ground transmitters.
23
o The Magnetic Compass (C-12) provides heading information fornavigation.
o The LF/ADF (DF-206) provides the navigation calculation with bearingto a selected low frequency radio station.
o The UHF/ADF (DF-301E) provides the navigation calculation withbearing to a selected ultra-high frequency radio station.
o The INS (Carousel IV) is a self-contained inertial navigation system(including a digital computer) which provides worldwide aircraftnavigation entirely independent of ground communication.
o The Instrument Landing System (AN/ARN-108) is used in conjunctionwith ground transmitting equipment and airplane flight directorcalculations to provide display capability for marker beacon, glide-slope, and localizer signals.
o The Station Keeping Equipment (AN/APN-169) is a cooperative air-to-air station keeping system for flights of up to 36 aircraft. Itenables these aircraft to locate and identify one another; and tomaintain formation/rendezvous regardless of visibility. The SKEinterfaces with the MDSC to provide a formation display.
o The Long Range Radar (AN/APQ-122) provides precise navigationcapabilities for long-range ground mapping, weather detection,and beacon interrogation. A high-resolution CRT radar displiyis available to the crew upon request. Data is input into thenavigation function via HCU in conjunction with the CRT display.
o The Flight Control System provides air data, attitude, and modeand status information. This information is processed by theavionics system to provide steering data for the flight controlsystem.
Sensor control is implemented by the flight crew via IMK. The particular
control associated with each sensor shall be as shown in Figure 3.1-10.
3.1.1.2.2.4 Payload
IDAMST functions in this area consist of providing payload status reportingand automatic load release control.
Status
The Applications Softwareshallmonitor, maintain and report (via CRT display)status of-
o Ramp and cargo door
o Chute release
o Caution signal
24
a *Id
L~LLj
ctx L"
CD =-. -
2 -j 0 LU)L -x -C '
L D : ) V) CF - IL)i LU V
LU __ L o (/AC) I- -i CC X
~-jcc LU- I- -w F-> IA I- LU -J
X-- LU 2 Fp- <,- .) - : LU :OC) D - ~ -- w .- C-- L CD I.-$ --. ( L V) uj M j x :
C)
I- LL. .
C>J 44 ) L/X
C)DX:j .j C)i V)(L(
C :) i- 21z -u~- LQ L ULJ L
LULU = (/ I- I-CD wU LU LLLU > i LnL( ... J :3 :or L-U V)-- Cm
cX ci un Ll I< C) LD w >: - r
LUU0-I- C 3 'L Lu C -: cc -E(C cL b ~-L = VI--L LUJ
C) LcLU LL w r,4 L(_) '~t-:XLU = C :
u =I ~LU L
LL C:) C, L- VM: I - - F- L) L-_
a:~f CDU-
C)~ ~Cc
cf-L
7) <l LU I (D L"
C)- ( -j <t: -jL) )
LjL
C) C",CD
25
0L cr L -C) ~ LLJ
V)Z- V LJ J LA
C) Z I- MV -
=D >- > ' m i - L v)znC3 < -r (x C)L- - tit
wf0~~! :] 3 L ) ;- .
LAJ
u-J Ifx CC- l C)
C orC L LO- Q- YEo C~A C C) C.J ~JQ)
CIO. L L' U -i cZ-(A (uCDU- (D = = C i j - (-j
cc ~ ~ ~ II1~ CI LIfLU.. L C jC LJ -WLL C y- C) LnCXW L 7 LA-~j .V) -o .
-- ~ O - A - - T0'>
L. -X -r C)< w= (- !g
C) :m:x -:w /) ujuj V Z.;
U-1J
U- V) A LA.LA- ~ ~ ~ 0 L -
(z)cy :D c C)CD
PC:,~~ I~ uiV - r WLCD ui CDj
uj LL D ::.cr LA
o Jump signal
o Paratroop alarm
o Aft door deflection
Release Control
Cargo delivery control consists of a load release signal output from theCARP function.
3.1.1.2.2.5 Aircraft Systems
T he IDAMST functions relating to this area include warning, caution/monitor-
ing, electrical control, and test of the various subsystems.
Warning
IDAMST incorporates either copied or generated warning functions. Copiedwarning functions are monitored at the flight crew's hardwired (dedicated)indicators and their status copied into IDAMST processors. Warnings aresubsequently displayed on the c,,'s primary flight displays and appropriateemergency checklist procedures are selected for display on the pilot'scopilot's MPD. Copied warning functions do not have responsibility fororiginating the warning signal. This is the responsibility of the affectedsystem or equipment. Generated warning signals originate within the IDAMSTsystem. Primary responsibility for detection and warning is an IDAMST
Ccpied Warning functions shall be
F h
Stabilizer Trim
,eng.,rated Warning functions:
'rc,,nd proximi warning shall be generated on the basis of aircraft altitudeve round, vertical velocity, gear position, and flight mode. Visual
:rd 3ural warnings will be commanded.
-all- warning shall be generated on the basis of flap position, angle ofit,-lf-k, and thrust computations in the STOL configuration. Visual,-dcout on flight instruments and the "stick shaker" command shall beinitiated by the IDAMST system.
'I peed warning shall be generated when the computed airspeed approaches';,ninum airplane requirements. A visual warning will be provided.
27
Overspeed warning shall be generated when the computed airspeed exceeds theairplane maximum speeas (VH/MH). Aural warning (clacker) and visual displayshall beprovided.
EFCS warning shall be generated when the IDAMST processor is error status isreceived from the Flight Control System. Aural warning and visual displayshall beprovided.
Caution Monitoring
IDAMST provides seccndary control for caution functions: It shall copy currentstatus and provide (on request) an MPD procedure checklist display to assistthe crew in determining the cause of the caution message. Monitored functionsare derived from monitor sensors, and displays of significant parameters areprovided to the crew via MPD display.
Copied Caution Functions shall consist of
* Electrical _SystemHyd raul i c S ys tenF ueISj s_temBoundar'y Layer ControlAir- Condi ti on i n2Anti- Ic eOverhead Caution AnnunciatorBrakes
Monitored Functions shall consist of
Enjine Parameters (Nl, EGT, N2, FF, oil pressure and oil quantity)Flap_ Position (left USB, right USB, left outboard flap, left inboardflap, right inboard flap, and right inboard flap).Control Surfaces Position (spoiler elevator and rudder)Avionics Systems Hardware Status
Electrical Control
Control is included in the IDAMST processor to provide automatic on/off controlof the remote power controllers. Avionics power management is maintaineibased on the following criteria:
o "anual crew entry
o Automatic start-up
o "1aster mode
'-il-idl [oove.- requirements for overload conditions
utoitic res,, of nuisance trips
28
IDAMST provides on/off control for the following:
Instruments and Aircraft Systems Navigation and Guidance
o counting accelerometer o long range radaro gear-up and locked-left o radar altimeter 1o gear-up and locked-right o radar altimeter 2o weight on gear - left o magnetic compasso weight on gear - right o INSo stick shaker I o OMEGAo stick shaker 2 o ILS 1o stab. trim position o ILS 2o flap position - left o LF ADFo flap position - riaht o UHF ADFo fuel totalizer o TACANo engine 1 o SKEo engine 2
Communications Controls and DisplAays
o public address o HUD 1o intercommunication set o HUD 2, HF/SSB radio o HSD 1o VHF-AM radio o HSD 2o VHF-FM radio o MPD 1o UHF-AM radio I o M.PD 2o UHF-AM radio 2 o MPD 3o IFF o IIPDG Io secure voice o MPDG 2
o DSMUDefensive Measures o MDSO
o MFDCo IRD & W o HCUo rz ! &4 o MMKo flares dispenser
29
Test
IDAMST shall incorporate a limited, in-flight test capability by virtue ofBITE, software redsonableness test on input data or associated computedvalues, and correlation of sensor data by direct comparison with redundanthardware or similar hardware. The extent of in-flight testing which willbe practical is TbD. Test data shall be recorded on the DITS recorder.Selected data shall also be input to the Crash Data Recorder.
3.1.1.2.2.6 Defense
The IDAMST functions in this area are those associated with threat detection,warning, display, and flare dispensing.
Infrared Detection and Warning System
The IRD & W System is a defensive countermeasure which detects heat sources.A quadrant-oriented threat display is produced automatically on an MPD upondetection. IRD & W crew control consists of on/off.
Radar Homing and darning System
The RHAW System is a defensive countermeasure which detects radar sources. Aquadrant-oriented threat display is produced automatically on an MPD upondetection. RHAW crew control consists of on/off.
Flares Dispenser System
The Flares Dispenser System contains four volleys of flares which are used asa defensive measure against infrared seeker threats. Crew control consistsof on/off, and the capability to drop flare volleys in any combination,either individually or as a group. Flare status is displayed on request.
Simultaneous threat information from the IRD & W and RHAW Systems will be
merged into one display.
3.1.1.2.3 Software Interfaces
The only external software interface defined for the Applications Softwareis with the OFF JxEcutive Software. The Executive Software providesservices for the ex.cution of real-time applications, sharing of common data,interprocessor cornurication, and communication with and between remoteterminal units.
Those EHARS functions relating to the Applications Software are performed bycode imbedded in The Appliations Software. This interface is described indetail in Rpference .1.3.2.
30 i
3.1.1.2. 3.1 Executive Software Interface
The Applications Software consists of Tasks, Comsubs, Compool Blocks, andEvents.
Tasks and Comsubs are processing modules, containing executable code and localdata. Compool Blocks are data modules used for communication between Tasks.Events are boolean values used for control interactions between Tasks.
Tasks interact with the Executive through Real Time Pseudo-Declarations and
Real Time Pseudo-Statements.
3.1.1.2.3.1.1 Tasks
Tasks are the principal components of the Applications Software.
At any time, any Task in the system has a "state". The possible states of* a Task are shown in Figure 3.1-11 . Note that not all states are
mutually exclusive; thus, a Task which is "executing" is also dispatchable,active and invoked.
Immediately following system initialization, one Task, the Master Sequencer,is Invoked by the Executive, and all other Tasks are in Uninvoked state.Thereafter, Tasks can be put into Invoked state (Scheduled) or put intoUninvoked state (Cancelled) only by Real-Time Pseudo-Statements executedwithin other Tasks.
imediately after beinq Scheduled, a Task is Inactiv2; however, it has thepotential to become Active, depending upon its Event Codition Set. TheEvent Condition Set is a collection of Conditions, each of which may beeither "on" or "off". Each Condition has a "desired" value. When all theconditions in the Event Condition Set have their desired values, if thETask is Inactive, the Lxecutive will put it into Active state. A Task mayhav'e a null Event Condition Set, in which case it can only be Inactivenomentar i I y.
Ea-h Condition in an Event Condition Set is associated with a set of Events.Aren any of these Events is set on, the Condition is set on; when any ofthese Events is set off, the Condition is sce off. One Event may beassociated with more-t7an one Condition in an Event Condition Set. Indidition, one Condition may be associated with a "Minor Cycle Event". Theseare Executive-qenerated Events which are set "on" at certain specified timesand are otherwise inaccessible to the Application Software. If a Conditionis associated with a Minor Cycle Event, it may not be associated with any
,er Event.
A ondition may be either Latched or Unlatched. A Condition associated witha 4i. nr Cycle Event must be Unlatched. The sole difference between a Latcheda:.d an Unlatched Condition is that upon the Schedulinq or Activation of aTask, the Unlatched Conditions are set to the undesired value. Thus, a Taskcan only be Activated by an Unlatched Condition when the value of thatconoition is changed to the desired value subsequent to the last Scheduling:,;r Activation of the Task. By contrast, Latched Conditions are chanqed only
31
La c
vi
C-~ul =1 0- -
Ln I-
LAi
L LAJ ci
Li'
-F-
ML C-iC-
I--
L'Li
Cl
Li~
32
when one of their associated Events is changed. Therefore, a Task with onlyLatched Conditions in its Condition Set will be immediately Activated afterit is Scheduled if all the Conditions were satisfied before the ScheduleStatement.
A Task may return from Active to Inactive state from twc causes: eitherbecause it completes execution, or because it is forcibly Terminated byanother Task. In either case, immediately after it returns to Inactivestate, the Event Condition Set is evaluated, and if all the Conditionshave their desired values, the Task is immediately re-Activated.
When a Task is Activated, it is immediately put into Dispatchable state.If, at any point during its execution, a Task executes a Wait Statement,the Executive will place it into Wait state until the specified conditionis satisfied, upon which the Task will again become Dispatchable.
All Dispatchable Tasks should theoretically be executed immediately. However,since there may be more than one Dispatchable Task at any time within any
* one of the Processors, Tasks are ordered by Priority to resolve possibleconflicts. Whenever the Executive in any Processor is not called upon forimmediate action, it selects the highest Priority Dispatchable Task, and
* causes the Processor to execute it.
if i Task is Active but has not yet been executed, it is said to be Ready.If it has been in the process of execution, but has been interrupted by ahigher priority Task, it is said to be Suspended. If it is executing, it issaid to be Executing.
Any given Task may only be Scheduled by one Task, which is called its Controller.Two Tasks with a common Controller are said to be "siblings". The TasksScheduled by any Task are said to be its "sons". If a Task has no sons,it is said to have no "descendents:" otherwise, its descendents are itsso, and all the descendents of its sons.
Only a Task's Controller may Cancel or Terminate it; however, when a Task isCancelled or Terminated, all of its descendents are Cancelled or Terminated.If a Task attempts to Cancel or Terminate itself, it will Cancel or Terminateall of its descendents, but will leave its own state unchanged.3.1.1.2.3.1.2 Comsubs
In diddition to Tasks, the Applications Software may include another kind ofpr,,:essinq module, known as the "Comsub". A Comsub may be called fromrany Tasks; there is a copy of each Comsub in any processor containing aTac s' from which the Comsub may be called.
A Comsub communicates with a Task which calls it only through its parametersand/or function result. No Comsub may execute any Real-Time Pseudo-Statements;however, one Comsub may call another.
When a Task calls a Comsub, the Task is considered to be executing within thecode of the Comsub. Thus, it is possible for one Task to be suspended withinthe code of a Comsub at the same time that another Task is executing within
33
"N
r " ..
the same Comsub. In other words, A Comsub must be re-entrant. To implementthis, every Task has a Comsub Local Storage Area assigned by PALEFAC forstorage of local data by the Comsubs which it calls. At any time, there isa Comsub Stack Pointer which points to the area available for storage tothe next called Comsub. This Comsub Stack Pointer is considered to be partof the process state of the Task, and is saved upon the occurrence of anInterrupt.
3.1.1.2. 3.1.3 Compool Blocks
All communication of data between Tasks or between Tasks and the externalenvironment (RT's) is done by means of "Compool Blocks".
Conceptually, a Compool Block is a Block existing outside of any T'sk. NoTask may directly access a Compool Block when a GLOBAL Copy is declared;instead, a Task references a "Local Copy" which has size and attributesidentical to the Compool Block. A Task may copy the Compool Block into itsLocal Copy by a READ Statement, or copy the Local Copy into the CompoolBlock by a WRITE or TRIGGER statement. From the point of view of theApplication Software, READs, WRITEs, and TRIGGERs occur instantaneously,so a Compool Bl.:k can never be read when it has been partially updated by
* •a WRITE. If a Global Copy has been declared, then the task in which the Compoolis declared Global Copy is allowed to access the Global Data Block directly,rather than using Executive Read and Write Requests into and out of localcopies of Global data blocks. The Executive Read and Write Requests willnot actually move the data if the requesting task has declared the GlobalData Block as a GLOBAL'COPY rather than as a LOCAL'COPY. The GLOBAL'COPYprovides for the same central control of table formats as the LOCAL'COPYdoes.
Compool Blocks are divided into three classes: Input, Output, and Intertask.Input Compool Blocks can only be accessed by Tasks in a READ statement. Theirvalues are determined by RT's. Output Compool Blocks can only be accessed byTasks in a WRITE or TRIGGER statement; their values are "received" only byRT's. Intertask Compool Blocks are used solely for communication betweentasks.
Since a Compool Block may be accessed in more than one processor and also,possibly, in an RT, Compool Blocks may exist in multiple copies. Anyprocessor in which a Compool Block is read has a Physical Copy of the Block;any RT which references the Block, or any processor which only WRITEs or TRIGGERsthe Compool Block, is considered to have a Virtual Copy of the Block. Tomaintain consistency between the various copies of a Compool Block, theExecutive must send Compool Update Messages across the Data Bus. Compool Blocksare further classified according to when these Update Messages are sent as:Synchronous, Asynchronous, and Critically Timed.
Synchronous Compool Blocks are updated from a single authoritative Copy,
whether in a processor or an RT, at a specified rate and phase. All copiesof an Asynchronous Compool Block are updated when any of those copies arechanged, either by the hardware of an RT or by a WRITE statement within a
processor. Critically Timed Compool Blocks are a special category used onlyfor Output. They may only be TRIGGERed within a Task. A TRIGGER statementincludes a "time to go". The Master Executive sends the Update to theappropriate RT at the specified time.
34
The various categories of Compool Blocks are shown in Table 3.1-2, alongwith the ways which they may be referenced in a Task.
The first word of each Physical Copy of a Compool Block is a "Minor CycleTime Tag" which indicates the last time the Physical Copy was updated.
3.1.1.2.3.1.4 Events
Events are used for control communication between Tasks. An Event has twopossible values: on and off. A Task may READ the value of an Event, mayWAIT on an Event, and an Event may appear in the Event Condition Set of aTask.
There are two general classes of Events: Application Events and SystemEvents. Application Events are set on and off explicitly by Tasks. SystemEvents are set on and off by the Executive upon certain occurrences. Theinitial value of all events is off.
* System Events are further classified as:
o Task Activation Events,o Compool Update Events,o Minor Cycle Events.
Any Task may have an associated Task Activation Event. Such an Event is seton when the Task is Activated and set off when the Task returns to Inactiveor Uninvoked state. The Activation Event associated with a Task must havethe same name as the Task.
Any Compool Block may have an associated Compool Update Event. Such an Eventis set on when the Compool Block is updated, either by a Task or an RT.The Update Event associated with a Compool Block must have the same nameas the Compool Block.Minor Cycle Events are set on by the Executive according to specified rates
and phases. They may only be referenced in Event Condition Sets.
3.1.1.2.3.1.5 Time
The Application Software may interact with time in two ways: it mayreference absolute time, or it may specify that certain occurrences shouldhappen cyclically. Absolute time is measured in seconds from the initiali-zation of the system. Cyclic time is maintained in terms of Minor Cycles andMajor Frames.
A '4inor Cycle is the shortest period of time at which a cyclic occurrencemay be specified. A Major Frame is the longest period of time at which acyclic occurrence may be specified. There are a fixed number of MinorCycles to a Major Frame (currently 64), and each Major Frame has a fixedduration (currently one second). Every Minor Cycle is numbered in order ofits occurrence within a Major Frame, starting with zero.
35
SYNCHRONOUS ASYNCHRONOUS CRITICALLY TIMED
INPUT May be READ in May be READ inin many Tasks one Task
OUTPUT May be written May be written May be triggered inin one Task. in many Tasks. in many Tasks.
INTERTASK May be written May be writtenin one Task, in many Tasks,read in many read in manyTasks. Tasks.
Table 3.1-2 Categories of Compool Blocks
* Cyclic occurrences are specified by period and phase. Period is theo number of Minor Cycles between successive occurrences; phase is the Minor
Cycle number of the first occurrence within any Major Frame. Clearly, 0phase period.
In practice, Minor Cycles will not always occur exactly when they theoreticallyshould, partly because of the inherent latency of a federated system; partlybecause the Data Bus may be overloaded in any given Minor Cycle. However,the Executive guarantees that these errors are not cumulative; it will alwaysgenerate the next Minor Cycle as close as possible to the theoretical time,regardless of when the previous Minor Cycle occurred.
With one exception, the Minor Cycle is the finest granularity of timeknowable with the system. Thus, when a Task reads the absolute time, itreceives the theoretical time of the last Minor Cycle. The sole exceptionto this rule is the Critically Timed Compool Block. When a Task TRIGGERssuch a Compool Block, the Executive will attempt to send the Update Messageto the RT at the precise time specified.
3.1.1.2.3.1.6 Real Time Pseudo-Declarations
Real Time Pseudo-Declarations are used to declare the real time entitiesreferred to within a Task. There are four kinds of Real Time Pseudo-Declarations:
o Task Declarations,o Event Declarations,o Compool Block Declarations,o Comsub Declarations.
Task Declarations are used to declare Tasks referred to in Real TimePseudo-Statements. They create a reference to the Task Table A entry forthe appropriate Task.
36
Event Declarations are used to declare Events referred to in Real TimePseudo-Statements. They create a reference to the Event Table entry forthe appropriate Event. If the Event is a Compool Update or Task ActivationEvent, it must be declared as such in this Declaration.
Compool Block Declarations are used to declare any Compool Blocks referencedin READ, WRITE, or TRIGGER statements. They do two things:
o They create a reference to the Data Descriptor Block for theCompool Block,
o They access the Compool within which the Compool Block is declared,and from it create a declaration for the Local Copy of the CompoolBlock.
A Compool Block Declaration must indicate whether a Compool Block is read,written updated (both read and written) or triggered within the Task.
Comsub Declarations are used to declare Comsubs called within the Task. They
simply generate the appropriate REF PROC declaration.
3.1.1.2.3.1.7 Real Time Pseudo-Statements
The Applications Software requests the services of the Executive throughReal Time Pseudo-Statements. There are 8 kinds of Real Time Pseudo-Statements:
o Schedule Statementso Cancel Statementso Terminate Statementso Wait Statementso Signal Statementso Read Statementso Write Statementso Trigger Statementso EREADo INVOKEDo TIME
Real Time Pseudo-Statements compile as calls to Executive routines, passingthe appropriate information as parameters.
Schedule Statements
Schedule Statements are used by one Task to Schedule another Task. A Schedule)td:ement includes the following information:
o The name of the Scheduled Task,o The priority of the Scheduled Task,o The Latched Conditions (if any) in the Event. Condition Set of the
Task.o The Unlatched Conditions (if any) in the Event Condition Set of
the Task.o The period and phase of a Minor Cycle Event (if any) in the
Event Condition Set of the Task.
37
The Latched and Unlatched parts of the Condition Sets are defined byevent expressions . The syntax for event expression is:
< event expression >: :=<condition>Kcondition > AND<event expression >
< condition>: :=<event set >INOT <event set>
< event set> ::=<eveni(<or set>)<or set>: :=<event><event> OR <or set>
Each condition in this expression corresponds to a Condition in the EventCondition Set. The presence of a NOT indicates that the desired value is off;the absence indicates that the desired value is on. The Events named inthe event set are the Events associated with th-e Condition. Note thatalthough multiple Events associated with a single condition are combinedwith ORs, the actual value of the Condition is not necessarily the OR ofthe value of the Events. Thus, for instance, the Condition denoted by (AOR B) will be set off if Event A is set off, regardless of the value ofEvent B.
Cancel Statements
The Cancel Statement is used by one Task to put another Task into Uninvokedstate. The Cancel Statement includes the name of the Task to be Cancelled.This Task must either be the Task within which the Statement is executed,of a son of that Task. If a son is cancelled, all the descendents of theson are also cancelled automatically. If a Task attempts to Cancel itself,it will not affect its own state, but will Cancel all of its descendents.If a Task specifies itself in a Cancel Statement, it must be declared in aTask Declaration within itself.
Terminate Statements
The Terminate Statement functions identically to the Cancel Statement,except that it de-Activates instead of de-Invoking Tasks. When the eventcondition set for the terminated task becomes true, the Task will becomedispatchable.
S!
Wait Statements
Wait Statements are used by Tasks to place themselves into Wait State pendingcertain occurrences. There are four kinds of Wait statements:
o Absolute Time Waits,o Relative Time Waits,o Latched Waits,o Unlatched Waits.
An Absolute Time Wait places the Task into Wait state until a specifiedabsolute time. IH the specified time has already occurred, this statement isa No-Op.A Relative Time Wait places the Task into Wait state for a specified period
of time. If the specified period is non-positive, this statement is a No-Op.
38
A Latched Wait places the Task into Wait state until a specified Eventreaches a specified "desired value". If the Event already has the desiredjlue, this statement is a No-Op.
An Unlatched Wait places the Task into Wait state until the specified Event
is changed to the specified value. This statement is never a No-Op.
Signal Statement
A Signal Statement sets a specified Event to a specified value.
Read Statement
A Read Statement copies the value of a specified Compool Block into thecorresponding Local Copy. If the Compool Block is a Global Copy, then nodata transfer occurs.
Write Statement
A Write Statement copies the corresponding Local Copy into the specifiedCompool Block. If the Compool Block is a Global Copy, then no data transferoccurs.
Trigger Statement
A Trigger Statement requests the Executive to send the Local Copy of thespecified Compool Block to the appropriate RT in a specified time. The speci-fied time must be between two Minor Cycles and one Major Frame from thetime the Trigger Statement is executed.
EREAD
EREAD yields the value of the Event which has been passed as an argument.This Event must have been previously declared in an Event Declaration.
INVOKED
INVOKED is applied to a Task. This function yields the value TRUE if thetask is Invoked, FALSE if it is not.
rIME
TIME returns the absolute time as a 31 bit signed integer signifying theelapsed time since system initialization.
3.1..2.3.1.8 Master Executive Interfaces
Master Sequencer Interface
At the end of Master Initialization or Master Re-Initialization, the MasterExecutive schedules the Master Sequencer task. This task then schedulesthe other Applications Tasks.
39
FI
Application ystea Error Interface
Applications Software can detect error conditions and communicate the con-ditions to the Subsystem Status Monitor. The primary source of errors will bethe Equips functions. These functions will determine any errant status withequipment and sensors and communicate the errors to the Subsystem StatusMonitor.
The Subsystem Status Monitor records the error and gathers error statistics.If the last error was within t(o short a time or there were too many sucherrors, the Subsystem Status Monitor invokes the Configurator. The Configura-tor will cancel errant functions if appropriate. If the errors are of sucha magnitude to warrant reconfiguration, the Configurator can invoke the Recon-figuration function via the 10 device function.
40
I
A
Io
p.. ..- . .. ... 4 0_ i
3.1.2 Applications Software Architecture
3.1.2.1 Software Structure
The Applications Software is organized into:
o System Control Moduleso Operational Sequencers (OPSs)o Specialist Functions (SPECs)o Display Processes (DISPs)o Equipment Processes (EQUIPs)
as shown in Figure 3.1-12 , A brief functional description of each is qivenbelow.
System Control Modules
The four System Control Modules (Master Sequencer, Request Processor, Con-figurator, Subsystem Status Monitor) are responsible for initializinq andcontrolling the Applications Software.
The Master Sequencer, the first Application's Software task activated by theExecutive Software, performs data initialization and schedules tie otherSystem Control Modules. Its control interfaces are shown in Fiqure 3 . 1-13.
The Request Processor receives and interprets control panel input requests.It will activate appropriate software tasks to handle legal requests; illegalrequests are ignored. Request Processor control intertaces are shown inFigure 3.1-14.
The Configurator controls the operation of application tasks. It is activatedwhenever a new Operational Sequencer or Brute Force Specialist Function is tobe initiated, or when a severe equipment health problem is detected. Con-ficurator controi inter-faces are shown in Figure 3.1-15.
The Subsystem Status Monitor maintains status of the avionics subsystems.If a subsystem has failed or is generating degraded data, it determines thetype and severity of the problem, and activates the configurator if theseverity is significantly high. The Subsystem Status Monitor control interfaceis shown in Figure 3.1-16.
0 pe-ationa_ Sequencers
Operational Sequencers are responsible for the control of a particular missionph2se. They are activated by the Configurator as a result of master modeselections. and by the current Handler Specialist Function whenever a newdisplay page is requested. Operational Sequencer interface control isshown in Fiqure 3.1-17.
Specialist Functions
Specialist Functions carry out computational and control functions requiredby an OPS or by the crew. The four categories are Computational, Brute Force,Tailored Mode, and Handler.
41
CdC,
LU 0
:)
UC)
LL.U:)
oc. - L Uo)
U)C)
LAJ
I-L
LJJ
LLLL
42
LU~L LL =
zL z
LLJLI
0-L
LL
N.- u_ LLU- ae
LL LU i
-j 0
>L
-J I
LU LU~u IC/3 C/) I-LUL
LAJ
(DLU cr
C)LL. 2=Li2
CL.
wz 0
< L)_jg U < -I
0 LLU
o -
LU -
C~ I'* ~AJC) L L
C) LU LU
V= z< < eC--LUJ
Q)~ =) V)I- :
LU Z zIA /CL;m V)L-
C/)ULWUi i
LLJ I- z i 44
LU -UC/
I J L& -C - j C :) CO L J /
cU 9=_ -" t)
CU LA = (L) -L C L
QcjL)uj 0C LLJ a-0ui
UL) CL LL
w z w
< Ric .- I-
* - La - - - oL
Z3 U
LU LU
- zL
LL. O LL
ww
o -L
CLL
_ LUJ
-J LL. L~- C OU) U
-- L
LUU
LU LU
go U-) < i
U L dt L-)
LLJ
LL) w
-CT V) LU n
CF, UV LUI r Cm
W/ C/))L
;P C z L LLU
LU -Lj LU G
1:~~ 0 m
C=*
UJ w<Z 0
CL< LU -C
jU <U
C)u
LO
C) LL.LLLU LU
=U LU c/a. L
cLJ LUL = = 0)
46
LAU
co')
LUL)r
LL
P4J Ca Lw C.- LUJ- LL CL z~ m z-
-j L- J uj0 ')U. X 2
4c 19- M OW 00 C3 LLUC> u-J = cO'lC (A 0 l:< 91Z CI
acU a w < P- I- 4--4~~ ~ ~ j _(: M- z 0_ _
a_~ Li.
LLU
t0z
W L
Ar Li
CLU
A= LL
C)-
47
Computational Specialist Functions carry out cyclic processing and areusually active throughout most of the mission (e.g., navigation). Computa-tional SPEC interface control is shown in Figure 3.1-18.
Brute Force Specialist Functions allow the pilot to initiate, sequence, andterminate mission operations that are not automatically available in thecurrent OPS (e.g., sensor moding). They are accessed via the top keys onthe IMK. Brute Force SPEC interface control is shown in Figure 3.1-19.
Tailored Mode Specialist Functions primarily perform those functions necessaryto process selections by the crew via control devices (IMK, MFDC, HCU, CCA).They are activated by the current Handler Specialist Function to process IMK/DEK inputs, and by the Configurator to process other control requests.Tailored Mode SPEC interface control is shown in Figure 3.1-20.
Handler Specialist Functions perform the control processinq involved withdisplay pages. There is a Handler SPEC for each device: IMK, lIPD. HandlerSPEC interface control is shown in Figure 3.1-21.
Display Processes
Display Processes control cockpit disolays. They obtain data generated byvarious Application Software tasks, perform required scaling/formatting, andoutput the resulting data messages to comoools for subsequent transmission todisplay hardware. Interface control for Display Processes is shown in Fiqure3.1-22.
yipment Processes
Equipment Processes represent the Applications Software interface with IDAMSTsensors.
Input Equipment Processes receive data generated by the sensors, performrequired selection scaling, etc., and output the resulting parameters to acompool for use by other Applications Software tasks. They also monitorequipment status and initiate action when failure or deqraded data isdetected.
Output Equipment Processes receive data qenerated by various ApolicationSoftware tasks, format corresponding sensor data/control messaqes, and outputthese messages to a compool for subsequent transfer to the sensor.
Interface control for Equipment Processes is shown in Fiqure 3.1-23.
48
C) m
'-~~~i CD # ~z-C) Cl-
C/)~~I LL L
LLJ
LLU
CL,
LLU
C-
UI-
CD-
490
- = -U
I-L
n - I-
LU <
LL- - CD to go
LU (j) a--I-- C-) C..) -
LWJ CD
go cn - I--u.
uj w
50-
LAJQJ
OLUJLL 0 (n(
LLj LL
-L -L 0-LL
U LU W L
LUJ
C) L.>
LU
= LL-
C:) -c~
~C:-
WU Lu L
ILA-
LA-U
C/ LU -
05
- CI, U3 L)
LU w .jaCL. f..j
L. CL
L7Uui -. )
LU LU
C/, LUIJ 4 -)i
C). iJ u
~ L I
1= _j C)LLJ n CL* L < =_ _ _ _ ( J -Cj
LLIJ LLDCL- Li
IL 0-
uw LA..
U-J
C4% C) LLU( LU O L
C)CLI.-~ V) C) j CD- cnV) V) :: 52
LL L0
(D
zCL
0Iix
cc z z*L 0 0
LLU
LUJ
4n C/,
>- C/3 (/ C
0I- (UQ j-)LLJ~ u 2!
Oi . 0 0
CA- CCL
C'4
L)L
LCNJ
I-- C/C= 4U (= 0 4mC/
U~ UU i (. 3
U.J LULUL
_L a= L C-a. ~ ~ LJ LL LU.= nLL .
CL c L- 0-
53
LJ C,, W f
Ka C, L* (-.) Cl- t,
W CZI CL. =C> C/) C:
>LUj
-
~z n9- 9 ui
C) -JOU
LU~ ~ 0L-
W -)
0 -5c
3.1.2.2 Software Relationships
This section describes the control and data relationships of the varioussoftware components comprising the Application Software.
Figure 3.1.2-12 shows the primary control/data interfaces for the ApplicationsSoftware. Appearing below is a more detailed explanation of each controlinterface:
1. Cyclic activation via Executive initiated by the Configurator. Activa-tion of cyclic mode-dependent Computational Specialist Functions andDisplay Processes is initiated by the Configurator during transitionfrom one mission mode to another.
The Computational Specialist Functions access data residing in aCompool for their calculations, and store the results in another softwarecompool.
2. Cyclic activation initiated and cancelled by the Configurator. Activa-tion of cyclic Equipment Processes, Air Data Display Processes, andcertain Computational Specialist Functions is initiated by theConfigurator during transition from the INITIALIZE mode.
Each input Equipment Process will access data moved by the Executiveto a Compool, check the device status word, check for validity/reasonable-ness, generate substitute data (if necessary), convert/format the data,and store the result in an Applications Software Compool. If the devicestatus has changed or if the deice is generating incorrect/degraded data,the Subsystem Status Monitor is notified.
Each output Equipment Process will access data residing in an Applica-tions Software Compool, scale/format the data, and store the result ina Compool for subsequent output.
Each output Display Porcess will access data residing in an ApplicationsSoftware Compool, scale/format the data, and store the resulting para-meter in a Compool for subsequent output.
3. Cyclic activation by the Executive, initiated when the Request Processoris scheduled by the Master Sequencer.
The Request Processor will access control panel data residing in aCoipool, check the panel status word, decode/interpret any crew input,and store the result in an Applications Software Compool. It will thenactivate the Subsystem Status Monitor (if panel status has changed) orthe IMK Handler Specialist Function (if IMK side key input) or theConfigurator (other input).
55
~8~~**~--------- - --
0 I -
I (Del;
rz
U-
56
4. Synchronous activation by the Executive, initiated by the HandlerSpecialist Function; this cyclic activation is initiated when a side
key select is received which requires DEK input, and is terminated whenan Enter Key is recognized.
The DEK input Equipment Process will access data residing in a Compool,check device status word, and check data for Erter Key indication. Ifdevice status has changed, the Subsystem Status Monitor is notified.If an Enter Key is recognized, the input buffer is converted and storedin an Applications Software Compool and the Handler Specialist Functionis activated.
5. Demand activation by Tailored Mode Specialist Functions.
Each output Equipment Process will access data residing in an Applica-tions Software Compool, scale/format the data, and store the result ina Compool for subsequent output to the device.
6. Demand activation by Tailored Mode Specialist Functions.
Each output Display Process will access data resiging in an ApplicationsSoftware Compool, scale/format the data, and store the resultingparameter in a Compool for subsequent output.
7. Demand activation by DEK input Equipment Process indicating receipt ofan Enter Key.
The Handler Specialist Function will access data residing in an Appli-cations Software Compool pertaining to the IMK activity leading up tothe DEK input request, and activate the appropriate Tailored ModeSpecialist Function for action. A Display Process will be activatedto note on the IMK that required DEK input is complete.
8. Demand activation by the Request Processor indicating receipt of an IMKside key.
The Handler Specialist Function will access data residing in a Compool,and if the indicated side key requires DtK input, cyclic activation ofthe DEK input Equipment Process will be initiated (via request toExecutive Software), and a Display Process will be activated to noteon the IMK that input is required.
If the side key requires a new IMK CRT page to be displayed, thecurrent Brute Force Specialist Function, or if none, the currentOperational Sequence, is activated to accomplish this.
IMK key status/history and other status pertaining to the IMK HandlerSpecialist Function is stored in an Applications Software Compool.
57
9. Demand activation by the Handler Specialist Function indicating thatprocessing of crew input selections (IMK side key and/or DEK input)is required.
The tailored Mode Specialist Function will access data residing in anApplications Software Compool (both input and status data), determinevalidity, perform processing, and store results in an ApplicationsSoftware Compool. The proper Equipment Process will be activ"-d tocomplete the data transfer to the device.
Further, if the data requires an update of a current display, a DisolayProcess is activated.
10. Demand activation by the Handler Specialist Functi.n requesting a newCRT page.
The Operational Sequencer or Brute Force Specialist Function will accessdata residing in an Applications Software Compool and display the newCRT page.
11. Demand activation by the Handler Specialist Function to display parametervalues or to indicate DEK activity.
The Display Process will access data residing in an Applications Soft-ware Compool, scale/format the data if necessary, and store the resultin an Executive Software Compool for subsequent output.
12. Demand activation by the Brute Force Specialist Function or OperationalSequencer to display the new display page.
The Display Process will access data residing in an Applications Soft-ware Compool, scale/format the data if necessary, and store the resultin an Executive Software Compool for subsequent output.
13. Demand activation by the Request Processor because of a control panelinput.
The Configurator will access the input data residing in an ApplicationsSoftware Compool and activate the appropriate Tailored Mode SpecialistFunction, Brute Force Specialist Function, or Operational Sequencer toperform the necessary processing.
14. Demand activation by the Configurator because of control panel input.
The Tailored Mode Specialist Function corresponding to the type of input(HCU, CCA, MFDC) will access data residing in an Applications SoftwareCompool, and perform the processing required to satisfy the request. ADisplay Process will be activated to control panel lamp configuration.
58
The Operational Sequencer associated with the MMK selection will performthe necessary processing and control to establish the new mission mode.Display Processes will be activated to control new IMK/MPD pages, aswell as panel lamp configuration.
The Brute Force Specialist Function associated with the IMK top key willperform the necessary processing to satisfy the request. The requestmay be to cancel the current Brute Force Specialist Function, change toanother one, or establish a new one. Display Processes will be acti-vated to control CRT pages on the IMK(s) and to control the top keylamp configuration.
15. Demand activation by input Equipment Processes or by the RequestProcessor.
The Subsystem Status Monitor will access data residing in an ApplicationsSoftware Compool and store, if appropriate, in an Applications SoftwareCompool to maintain the equipment status. If current status indicatesa failure requiring a different software configuration, the configuratoris activated.
16, Demand activation by the Subsystem Status Monitor indicating an equip-ment health problem.
The Configurator will access data residing in an Applications SoftwareCompool and etermine requires action. The Executive Software will benotified if the equipment failure is severe. Software re-configurationbecause of less severe failures will be handled by the Configurator.
17. One-time-only activation by the Executive to start the ApplicationsSoftware.
The Master Sequencer will perform required initialization processing,and activate the Configurator to mode the Applications Software.
18. One-time-only activation by the Master Sequencer for Applications Soft-ware startup.
The Configurator will perform any required processing, and activate anOperational Processor to put the Application Software into anINITIALIZE mission mode.
19. Demand activation by the IMK Handler Specialist Function indicating theselection of a master mode from the MMK backup pages on the IMK.
Request Processor will process the input as it would MMK pushbuttoninput.
20. The Configurator will notify an Executive task for failures it cannothandle.
59
T
21. Demand activation by an EQUIP which determines a situation requiring
a "WARN" act;on (e.g., CCA Shaker, Low Speed Warning Light, etc.).
22. Demand activation by the Executive when a device failure is detected.
23. Demand activation by Handler SPECs for IMK or MPD functions relatingto DEK input, MPD checklist activity, new display pages.
60
This paqe intentionally left blank.
61
3.2 Detailed Functional Requirements
This section specifies the detailed functional requirements for the Applica-tions Software.
The software components identified to satisfy these requirements are shownin Figure 3.2-1.
3.2.1 System Control Modules
3.2.1.1 Master SequencerThe Master Sequencer performs data initialization, and initiates the schedul-ing and execution of the other System Control Modules.
3.2.1.1.1. Inputs
Input shall be TBD data required for initialization of the ApplicationsSoftware.
3.2.1.1.2 Processing
Upon activation by the Executive, the Master Sequencer shall
o initialize mission data and carry out other initialization tasksfor the particular software configuration
o schedule the request processor, configurator, and sub-systemstatus monitor tasks
o activate the configurator
3.2.1.1.3 Outputs
None.
3.2.1.2 Request Processor
The Request Processor receives and interprets control panel input requests.It is activated 8 times per second.
3.2.1.2.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o MMK Status, Pushbutton # (2 words)
o IMK Status, Top/Side Key # (2 words)o MFDC Pushbutton # (I word)o CCA Status, Pushbutton # (2 words)o HCU Status, Pushbutton # (2 words)o MMK Backup Mode Select (I word)
62
%-n wc 1i
-jW -. 4A ca
ccW4 -C~ C.i U- Li.&L - uZ. LO iQ:C 34 - - -cc cc
t 4. u.. a Z.:2 : : r - '3 0 -
eI-C6L
V) CC I., --I0mC-a :X A
n L i x X i X: X: j
7: LE ca w jmV -- cc
2:U..D j (Il
4n cc -#-- "j
C), LJ<L):Li I Ne ... Jvi () !5 M Is
cc0rd * C) 0L. -13 .W v)-0fJL-fr71JF ,-
Li L.i - A j .
W: 2:L M - : L
A :RMX -C -xCL
2: I
"J L.a
C> 6- --aQ
41 ftt IA e C- -cc V) I. 2: ix 9.J LM
W ti g~. u L Ln -v1 L>UC3-CL=3 1 en V' , L 2
CF L3 I
C J kaJ ..J CIA, A- C
ctu 1- 0 A-L0C LI F
ri.. W Vl W _j:Cc U
63
3.2.1.2.2 Processing
The Request Processor shall access the input panel data to determine if anydata has changed. It no change has occurred since the last activation, theRequest Processor shall terminate.
If the input data from an IMK shows a side key select, the IMK Handler Spe-cialist Function shall be activated; the Configurator shall be activated forIMK top key selections.
Valid pushbutton input from other source devices shall also cause the Config-urator to be activated. The following pushbutton input shall be ignored:
o non-supported pushbuttons (spares)o MMK input which would result in an out-of-sequence Master Mode situa-
tion (TBD)o MMK input identical to current MMK setting (i.e., repeated selection
of same pushbutton)
The Request Processor is activated by the IMK Handler Specialist Functionwhenever the Master Mode backup capability is used. The processing shall bethe same as the MMK input.
The Request Processor shall activate the Subsystem Status Monitor wheneverthe panel mode/health status changes.
3.2.1.2.3 Outputs
None.
3.2.1.3 Configurator
The Configurator controls the moding/operation of the application tasks.
3.2.1.3.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of:
o control panel input-pushbutton numbers (4 words)o equipment failure message (2 words)
3.2.1.3.2 Processing
Upon activation by the Master Sequencer, the Configurator shall schedule andactivate the INITIALIZE Operational Sequencer.
I664
When activated by the Request Processor because of MMiK select, the
Configurator shall
o cancel the current Operational Sequencer0 set up the task configuration necessary for the new modeo activate the new Operational Sequencer
When activated by the Request Processor because of an HCU, CCA, or MFDCrequest, the CONFIG shall activate the appropriate Tailored Mode SpecialistFunction.
When activated by the Request Processor because of an IMK top key select,the CONFIG shall determine whether the new key select is identical tothe previous one. If the new key select is different, the Configuratorshall
o cancel the current Brute Force Specialist Functiono set up the necessary task configurationo activate the new Brute Force Specialist Function
If the key select is the same as the previous one (i.e., the IMK top keyselected by the crew was backlighted green), the Configurator shall
o cancel the corresponding Brute Force Specialist Functiono set up the task configuration necessary for full resumption
of the Operational Sequencer corresponding to the currentMaster Mode
o activate the Operational Sequencer to initialize IMK CRT displays
When the Configurator is notified by the Sub-System Status Monitor of anequipment health problem, the Configurator shallinform the crew via MPDand either 1) re-configure to a backup or perhaps degraded mode forsevere failures or 2) request the crew to take action. The Configuratorshall signal the Master Executive for failures that it cannot properlyhandle.
3.2.1.3.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o Equipment failure message ID (I word), MPDo Equipment failure notification (I word), EXEC
3.2.1.4 Subsystem Status Monitor
The Subsystem Status Monitor maintains status of the avionics subsystems,and monitors changes in status.
3 2.1.4.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
65
: .. . .
o Control panel status (4 words)o Device/sensor status (I word)
3.2.1.4.2 Processing
The Subsystem Status Monitor is activated by the Request Processor upon acontrol panel failure or status change, or by an Equipment Process whenevera sensor has failed or is producing invalid/degraded data.
The Subsystem Status Monitor shall store the status. to maintain errorhistory and statistics. If an analysis of the data indicates a criticalerror, the Configurator shall be activated to perform error recovery.
3.2.1.4.3 Outputs
Output shall be a one word message to the Configurator indicating the changein status of the subsystem.
* o Status change message (n words)
3.2.2 Operational Sequencers
An Operational Sequencer (OPS) is a task responsible for the control of aparticular mission phase, as determined by "Master Mode". It is scheduled,activated, and cancelled by the Configurator, as a result of crew MasterMode selections.
Operational Sequencers have been identified for the following IDAMST missionmodes.
o Initialize o Go-Aroundo Start o Air Refuelo Takeoff o TF/TAo Enroute o Lando Air Drop o Shutdowno Lapes o Ground Test
3.2.2.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o Next Display ID (1 word)
3.2.2.2 Processing
OPS control processing begins when the pilot selects a mission mode by depress-ing an MMK pushbotton or by depressing an MMK pushbotton or by depressing anIMK side key associated with the master mode backup display page. Processingcontinues until another master mode is selected or until the OPS isinterrupted (suspended) by selecting a Brute Force Spec.
66
Initial processing common to all Operational Sequencers upon activation bythe Configurator because of MMK input shall be
o Commanding MMK light configuration to correspond to the MasterMode selection
o Commanding IMK top key light configuration to OFFo Initiating tasks to generate those HUD, HSD, MPD displays defined
for the master modeo Setting a DISP flag to change Master Mode in the MPDGo Cancelling the IMK Status DISP if activeo Displaying a control page on each IMK CRT (this page contains the
top level control capability available for the Master Mode)o Activating the IMK Status DISP if necessary
Further, OPS processing depends on subsequent IMK side-key activation. TheOPSshalldisplay other (lower level) control pages as directed by thecrew via side key selection.
When the OPS is notified by the IMK Handler to put up another display page(because of an "advance page" indicaLor or side key #), the OPS shall
o Cancel the IMK Status DISP if necessaryo Display the requested page by activating the IMK Fixed Test DISPo Activate the IMK Status DISP if necessary
When a Brute Force Specialist Function is cancelled, the OPS is activated bythe Configurator and shall
:; Cancel the IMK Status DISP if activeo Display the top-level control page on the IMK CRTo Activate the IMK Status DISP if necessaryo Set IMK top key lamps OFF
3.2.2.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o MMK lamp on/off message (I word)o IMK lamp off message (1 word)
3.2.3 Specialist Functions
3.?.3.1 Brute Force Specialist Functions
Brute Force Specialist Functions allow the crew to perform certain missionoperdtions not automatically available to the Current OPS processing. Thesefunction,, are scheduled, activated, and cancelled by the Configurator as aresult of IMK top key selection by the crew.
67
imBrute Force Specialist Functions have been identified for the followingIDAMST functions:
o Navigation o Libraryo Communications o Checklisto Sensors o Payloado Systems o DITS
3.2.3.1.1 Inputs
Input to any Brute Force Specialist Function shall consist of
o Next display ID (I word)
3.2.3.1.2 Processing
Brute Force Specialist Function processing begins after being activated bythe Configurator as a result of an IMK top key selection. Processingcontinues until there ;s another top key selection or until there is a
* Master Mode change. Initial processing common to all Brute ForceSpecialist Functions upon activation by the Configurator shall consist of
o Commanding IMK top key lamp configurationo Cancelling the IMK Status DISP if activeo Initiating tasks to generate any HUD, HSD, MPD displays defined for
the particular Brute Force SPECo Displaying a control page on the requesting IMK CRT and activating
the IMK Status DISP if necessary; this page contains the top levelcapability available for the function (i.e., Communication).
Further, Brute Force SPEC processing depends on subsequent IMK side-keyactivation. The Brute Force SPECshall display other (loqer level) controlpages as directed by the crew via side key selection.
When the Brute Force SPEC is notified by the IMK Handler to put up anotherdisplay page (because of an "Advance Page" indicator or side key #), it shall
o Cancel the TMK Status DISP if activeo Display the required page on the IMK CRTo Activate the IMK Status DISP if necessary
3.2.3.1.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o IMK lamp control (I word)
68
3.2.3.2 Computational Specialist Functions
Computational Specialist Functions carry out cyclic processing, and are eitheractive throughout the mission (e.g., navigation) or throughout a particularmission mode (e.g., CARP).
Computational Specialist Functions have been identified for the followingIDAMST functions:
o navigationo steeringo wind calculationo weights and balances
3.2.3.2.1 Navigation Computational Specialist Function
1he Navigation SPEC is responsible for keeping track of the aircraft state,using input data from various sensor sources and from the crew. It is acti-
* vated by the Configurator upon a Master Mode selection by the crew.
The Applications Software navigation function consists of the following sub-* functions:
o controlo navigation modes:
- auto- INS- OMEGA
o manual update (position)o flight directoro OMEGAo magnetic headingo CARPo rendezvouso go-around
3 2.3.2.1.1 Control Subfunction
This subfunction provides overall control of aircraft navigation computation.:t is activated four times a second throughout most of tne flight.
,.....l.l.l Inputs
Input shall consist of
n status (n words)o device moding (n words)o master mode (0 word)o navigation mode (1 word)
3.2.3.2.1.1.2 Processing
This subfunction shall control the navigation computation procedure by de-
69
termining from Master Mode, device status, device moding, etc., the appropri-
ate operational sequence.
3.2.3.2.1.1.3 Outputs
None.
3.2.3.2.1.2 Auto Mode
The Auto Mode subfunction provides for automatic (computer controlled) inte-grated navigation. The following functions are included:
o Flight planningo subsystem managemento optimum position calculation/updateo horizontal, vertical guidance calculationo performance monitoringo map display parameter updateo augmented ILS
3.2.3.2.1.2.1 Inputs
Inputs for the various Auto mode subfunctions shall consist of
o navigation subsystem data, as applicable (n words)
LF ADF - bearingUHF ADF - bearingVOR/ILS - bearing, loc/GS deviationRadar Alt - altitudeOMEGA - position, velocityCompass - headingTACAN - bearing, distanceINS - position, velocity, attitudeSKE/ZM - range, bearingFlight Controls - pitch, roll, turn rate, altitude, airspeed,TAS, altitude rate, vertical speed
o IMK input data (n words)Initialization dataFlight plan modificationsSubsystem controlPosition update
o HCU position update (n words)o Marker beacon data (n words)o Device status/moding (n words)
3.2.3.2.1.2.2 Processing
Auto navigation processing shall include the following capability:
70
Flight Planning
o organize/store appropriate Standard Instrument Departure (SID) andflight plan
o execute/modify the flight plan as directed
Subsystem Management'
o perform initializationo tune radios from flight plan datao verify subsystem performance
Optimum Position Calculation/Update
o combine various NAVAID data to derive optimum positiono auto updateo update optimum position with manual input data
Horizontal, Vertical Guidance Calculation
o compare present position with flight plan to derive guidance informa-tion
Performance Monitoring
o establish and monitor subsystem performance criteriao estimate navigation accuracy and compare with mission requirements
MapDsay Parameter Update
o update present position and map display requirements
Augmented ILS (Land Mode)
o synthesize and smooth ILS datao computationally construct approach NAVAID
),2.3.2.1.2.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o flight instrument display parameters
3.2.3.2.1.3 INS Mode
This sjbfunction provides navigation capability using only input from INS.Updctes can be performed manually.
It 's ictivated by the Control subfunction four times per second whenever theINS mode has been selected.
71
3.2.3.2.1.3.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o INS data - position, velocity, acceleration (n words)o flight plan information (n words)o radar updates (n words)o visual updates (n words)
3.2.3.2.1.3.2 Processing
Subfunction processing shall provide capability to
o maintain INS positiono execute/maintain flight plan and calculate INS guidance outputso INS manual update, including reasonableness tests
3.2.3.2.1.3.3 Outputs
Output shall be inertial position and velocity from which INS guidancesignals are derived and are available for display:
o position and velocity (n words)o guidance parameters (n words)
3.2.3.2.1.4 OMEGA Mode
This subfunction provides navigation capability using only input from OMEGA.
It is activated four times per second by the Control subfunction whenever theOMEGA mode has been selected.
3.2.3.2.1.4.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o OMEGA position, velocity (n words)o TAS (1 word,o heading (I word)o fliqht plan information (n words)
3.2.3.2.1.4.2 Processing
Subfunction processing shall provide capability to
o maintain OMEGA psoitiono execute/maintain flight plan and calculate OMEGA guidance outputso perform OMEGA smoothing with TAS and heading
3.2.3.2.1.4.3 OutpuLS
Output shall be OMEGA position and velocity from which OMEGA guidance
72
....i i.
signals are derived and are available for display:
o position, velocity (n words)o guidance parameters (n words)
3.2.3.2.1.5 Manual Position Update
This subfunction generates update information from HCU, SKE/ZM, or IMK inputs.
It is activated by the Control subfunction whenever an update is requested.
3.2.3.2.1.5.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of present position
o latitude, longitude (2 words)
3.2.3.2.1.5.2 Processing
This subfunction shall update position with the input data.
3.2.3.2.1.5.3 Outputs
None.
3.?.3.2.1.6 Flight Director
T<is subfunction generates flight director commands compatible with HUD toprovide guidance to maintain designated flight path.
It is activated by the Control subfunction four times a second throughout themission if the flight director is functionally switc-r-I on."
3.2.2.2.1.6.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of navigation subsystem data
o navigation data (n words)
".?.3.2.1.6.2 Processing
This ;ubfunction shall calculate flight director commands compatiblewiti The HUD.
j.2.j.2.l.6.3 Outputs
Otput shall consist of
J pitch command (I word)o roll command (I word)o sFeed command (I word)
73
3.2.3.2.1.7 OMEGA
The OMEGA subfunction converts OMEGA RF input data to airplane position andvelocity parameters. It is activated eight times per second by the Controlsubfunction if the data is used in the navigation calculations, as determinedby current navigation moding.
3.2.3.2.1.7.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o three channels RF (n words)o navigation mode (I word)
3.2.3.2.1.7.2 Processing
This subfunction shall convert the input RF input data to OMEGA position and
velocity.
3.2.3.2.1.7.3 Outputs
output shall consist of
o position, velocity (n words)
3.2.3.2.1.8 Magnetic Heading
This subfunction calculates magnetic heading.
It is activated four times per second throughout the flight by the Controlsubfunction.
3.2.3.2.1.8.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o present position (n words)o stabilized heading (1 word)o stored magnetic variation (n words)
3.2.3.2.1.8.2 Processing
This subfunction shall compute magnetic heading for use in referencingradio navigation aids and displays.
3.2.3.2.1.8.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o magnetic heading (I word)
74
3.2.3.2.1.9 CARP
The CARP subfunction calculates the air release point for delivering cargo toa ground target.
It is activated four times per second whenever the AIR DROP Master Mode hasbeen selected.
3.2.3.2.1.9.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o ground target-latitude, longitude, altitude (3 words)o cargo type (n words)o cargo weight (n words)o wind (2 words)o relative fix-range, bearing (2 words)o aircraft parameters (n words)
3.2.3.2.1.9.2 Processing
CARP shall perform ballistic calculations to derive guidance and dis-play parameters pertaining to a specified airplane-cargo-target situition.
Additionally, CARP shall perform CCIP calculations for display purposesas an aid to pilot when selecting drop point.
J.2.3.2.1.9.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o guidance data (n words)o display parameters (n words)
3.2.3.2.1.10 Rendezvous
The Rendezvous subfunction computes guidance and steering parameters to enablerendezvous with other aircraft.
It is activated four times per second whenever the AIR REFUEL Master Mode isin effect.
3.2.3.2.1.10.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o LR radar cursor position - range, bearing (2 words)o UHF ADF - beari g (I word)o TACAN - range, bearing (2 words)o IMK - heading, position, air speed, etc. (n words)
75
3.2.3.2.1.10.2 Processing
This subfunction shall determine the availability/applicability of navigationdata sources. For limited data, it shall perform necessary processing toobtain display information for manual steering.
When sufficient data is available, the subfunction shall:
o calculate target position and associated display parameterso perform guidance calculation for intercepts and output flight control
system and flight director steering data
3.2.3.2.1.10.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of target data and steering commands:
o target (n words)o steering (n words)
3.2.3.2.1.11 Go-Around
The Go-Around subfunction provides information which enables the pilot to per-, form a go-around during a missed approach. The missed approach parameters
are pre-selected prior to the approach.
This subfunction is activated whenever the GO-AROUND Master Mode is in effect.
3.2.3.2.1.11.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of the missed approach parameters:
o heading set (I word)o altitude set (I word)o course set (I word)o minimum climb gradient (1 word)o course-to-fix (I word)
3.2.3.2.1.11.2 Processing
Processing shall consist of incorporating the pre-selected, missed approachparameters into the navigation-guidance calculations. Parameters subsequentlycomputed for display shall reflect this change in mode.
3.2.3.2.1.11.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of the selected parameter(s) being stored in a Compool:
o parameters (n words)
3.2.3.2.2 Steering Computational Specialist Function
The Steering function provides guidance signals to the flight control system.It is activated 16 times per second throughout the flight.
76
3.2.3.2.2.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of pertinent navigation data
o navigation data (n words)
3.2.3.2.2.2 Processing
The processing consists of calculating steering signals compatible with theflight control system.
3.2.3.2.2.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o pitch steer (1 word)o roll steer (1 word)o speed command (1 word)
3.2.3.2.3 Wind Computational Specialist Function
*The Wind Computational SPEC calculates wind velocities, used in air dropalgorithms and various displays. It is activated eight times per secondthroughout most of the flight.
3.2.3.2.3.1 Inputs
InpuL; shall consist of
o true airspeed (1 word)o aircraft velocity components (2 words)o heading (1 word)
3.2.3.2.3.2 Processing
The Wind SPEC shall calculate North and East wind velocity components.
3.2.3.2.3.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o North wind velocity component (1 word)o West wind velocity component (1 word)
3.2.'.2.4 Weights and Balances Computational Specialist Function
This SPEC calculates weight and balance information for display purposes. Itis activated four times per second throughout the flight.
77
13.2.3.2.4.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o aircraft weight (n words)o cargo data (n wcrds)o fuel (n words)o etc.
3.2.3.2.4.2 Processing
Current aircraft weight and center of gravity shall be calculated based on fuel,fuel distribution, cargo data, etc.
3.2.3.2.4.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o airplane weight (I word)o center of gravity (I word)
I78
3.2.3.3 Tailored Mode Specialist Functions
Tailored Mode Specialist Functions perform those functions necessary to pro-cess crew control requests via IMK (primarily), MFDC, CCA, and HCU. They areactivated by the current Handler Specialist Function to process IMK/DEK inputand by the Configurator to process other control requests.
The following paragraphs describe identified IMK, MFDC, CCA, and HCU relatedTailored Mode SPECS. Complete definition of LIBRARY, CHECKLIST, PAYLOAD,and DITS IMK control functions will result in the identification of addi-tional Tailored Mode SPECS.
3.2.3.3.1 IMK Tailored Mode Specialist Functions
IMK Tailored Mode SPECS are activated by the current Handler SPEC followingthe receipt of input (either DEK or IMK side key) requiring processing.
IMK Tailored Mode Specialist Functions have been identified for the followingIDAMST functions:
o INS controlo OMEGA controlo ILS controlo radar altimeter controlo TACAN controlo ADF controlo navigation data entryo navigation data displayo manual navigation modingo flight director controlo avionics on/off controlo CCA controlo UHF-AM controlo VHF-AM controlo VHF-FM controlo HF/SSB controlo LR radar controlo compass controlo SKE controlo counter measures controlo status monitor and controlo airdrop data entryo MFDC controlo HCU control
The UHF-AM Tailored Mode SPEC, considered representative of the processingperformed by IMK Tailored Mode SPECS, is described below. This SPEC processesrequests for UHF-AM control, input via IMK. An example of the IMK softwarefunction using this SPEC is shown in Figure 3.2-2.
79
8/ecPUSHBUTTON CONFIG, IMK STATUS COMPOOL
RE /JsTc EIEhE (FO AP.)-S PE
I(STATUN
J _ CARGE - SS M * MAK SA U
CURET/RY OU ID KY
a E INRUTBFE
DEK ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1ffA CONTCT-ROL ,r IE E UF DSLY OTOT.MODE ERRO FLAG HNDE
IVAIO SPEC
(ENER EQIP CONLDAT
MAR MAARNSDISP (TO PDG) )
CURRN ENT/PEU BUFFEREY
-EQUIP UPDAT D INPUT BUFFER _____
FIGUR 3.2- IMKUHF-AM OTAEFNTO
(ENTR EQIP CMMAN
3.2.3.3.1.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of IMK side key history and, if applicable, a DEK inputbuffer:
o present and previous IMK side keys (2 words)o DEK input buffer (n words)
Additionally, certain Tailored Mode SPECS shall need status data and/or otherdata for its processing. The UHF-AM Tailored Mode SPEC, for example, shallrequire a channel versus frequency table for certain processing.
3.2.3.3.1.2 Processing
The last side key selected shall determine the type oF processing required.For the UHF-AM Tailored Mode SPEC, the side keys represent the following con-trol:
1. off2. T/R3. T/R+G4. ADF5. Guard Xmit6. channel select7. frequency select8. channel preset9. squelch disable
10. volume
The previous side key shall determine the particular radio to be referenced.For the UHF-AM Tailored Mode SPEC, they represent:
1. UHF-AM #16. UHF-AM #2
Processing for side key numbers 1, 2, 3, 5, 9 shall consist of activating theUHF-AM EQUIP to send the proper control message.
Side key number 4 (ADF) select shall cause the status of the normal ADF capa-bility to be checked. If normal ADF is operational, the control request shallbe rejected. Otherwise, the UHF-AM EQUIP shall be activated to send the ADFwode control message.
Side key numbers 6, 7, 8, 10 have associated DEK input. The DEK input buffershall be decoded with respect to the specific side key and checked. If in-valid (e.g., out-of-range) the control request shall be rejected. If valid,processing shall consist of:
o Side key 6 (channel select) - The frequency corresponding to the
selected channel is obtained from a frequency versus channel tableresiding in a Compool. The UHF-AM EQUIP is then requested to sendthis frequency to the radio.
81
o Side key 7 (frequency select) - The UHF-AM EQUIP is requested to sendthe input frequency to the radio.
o Side key 8 (channel preset) - DEK input for this side key consists ofchannel number and frequency. The Tailored Mode SPEC replaces thefrequency value currently tabled versus channel number with the inputfrequency. Side key 8 results only in a Compool update; the UHF-AMEQUIP is not referenced.
o Side key 10 (volume) - The UHF-AM EQUIP is activated to send the inputvolume to the radio.
Upon receipt of valid input, the IMK symbol (displayed to indicate that DEKinput was necessary) shall be removed by activating the DEK Mark DISP.
3.2.3.3.1.3 Outputs
Output shall be the desired control message to the EQUIP and/or Compool up-dates:
o EQUIP control kI word)
o update data (n words)
3.2.3.3.2 MFDC Tailored Mode Specialist Function
The MFDC Tailored Mode SPEC provides the logic necessary to control MFDCpushbutton input. It is activated by the configurator when an MPD/HSD push-button is pressed. Pigure 3.2-3 shows overall MFDC software function.
3.2.3.3.2.7 Inputs
Input shall consist of:
o pushbutton status, each device (5 words)o current pushbutton select (1 word)
3.2.3.3.2.2 Processing
The MFDC Tailored Mode SPEC shall determine whether the input is legal and,if so, implement the desired display control.
The DSMU EQUIP shall be activated if display switching is requested (e.g.,switching HSD #1 display to the MPD #1 device).
The HSD DISP shall be activated if display revision is requested (e.g., HSDscaling).
The MDSC EQUIP shall be activated if a video display is requested (e.g.,radar).
The LIGHTS DISP shall be activated to command the lamp configuration corres-ponding to the pushbutton status (as updated with new one).
If the pushbutton request is illegal (TBD) or if it cannot be satisfied
82
(PUSHBUTTON 1 CHANGE) SSSMCHANGE)
LIGHTS CURRENT LIGHT ON/OFF CONFIG
OISP LIGHT ON/OFF CONFIG
ERROR!* WARN
I ois~~~ ILLEGALINUMS
IIS LT MDSCUTMS
833
(e.g., radar turned off), an appropriate message shall be output to MPD #3.
3.2.3.3.2.3 Outputs
Output shall be the following control messages to be acted on by an EQUIP:
o display switching (1 word)
o display scaling (I word)
o radar/SKE/ECM display request (I word)
o MPD messages ID (I word)
3.2.3.3.3 ('CA Tailored Mode Specialist Function
The CCA Tailored Mode SPEC provides control logic to handle CCA pushbuttoninput. It is activated by the configurator whenever the CCA pushbutton ispressed. Figure 3.2-4 shows the overall CCA (pushbutton) software function.
3.2.3.3.3.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o pushbutton identification (I word)
o current button status (0 word)
3.2.3.3.3.2 Processing
The CCA Tailored Mode SPEC shall activate theICS EQUIP to implement the desired control:
o if hot-mic is "on," the EQUIP is requested to switch it "off"
o if hot-mic is "off," the EQUIP is requested to turn it "on"
3.2.3.3.3.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
c hot-mic on/off control (1 word)
3.2.3.3.4 HCU Tailored Mode Specialist Function
The HCU Tailored Mode SPEC provides control logic to handle HCU display orradar antenna functions. It is activated by the configurator whenever con-trol is requested via the pushbutton selects. Figure 3.2-5 shows the over-all HCU software function.
84
81 sec EQ 4 PUSHBUTTON, STATUS OPL
CSTANGE) sssm CCA STATUS
(PUSHBUTTON ICHANGE)
*CONF IGCURN-- ~ USHBUTTON STATUS
E C HOT-MIC ON/OFF _
EQUIP HOT-MIC COMM N.D(To ics)-
L FIGURE 3.2-4 CCA(PUSHBUTTON) SOFTWARE FUNCTION
85 N
PUSHBUTTON, STATUS COMPOOL8/secR (FROM HCU)
PRO --CHNGAE--U SSSM HCU STATUS
(PUSHBUTTONI LIGHTS CURRENT LIGHT CONFIGCHANGE) DISP LIGHT ON/OFF CMD
(TO HCU)
CONFTG
HCU CURRENT PUSHBUTTONS
T-."OIDE rPREVIOUS PUSHBUTTONSREQUEST EXEC SPEC! NEW LIGHT CONFIG..-"-S/W TO "EIT'-ER
ACTIVATE OR IDEACTIVATE THEHCU EQUIP
RADAR DISPLACEMENTST .MODE
. SPEC RADAR CONTROL
(DISP ACEMENTCHA E) RADAR RAAR CONTROL
EQUIP COMMANDSI (-TO RADAR)
,,_CURSOR POSITION, ACT/DESIG P'USHBUTTON
16fsec HCUEQUIP DISPLACEMENTS
DISP CURSOR POSITION & OTHER
(e) PARAMETERS (TO IPDG7'
F1
FIGURE 3.2-5 HCU SOFTWARE FUNCTION
86
" AA8G 113 BOEING AEROSPACE CO SEATTLE WA BOEING MILITARY AIRPL--CTC F/B 9/2
COMPUTER PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT SPECIFICATION FOR IDAMST OPERATION--ETC(U)NOV 76 F33615-76-C-1099
UNCLASSIFIED SPEC-SB-4042 AFAL-TR-76-208-ADO-2 NL
E IIIIEIIEEEEE-EIhIEEIhEIhE
I InnnnIInIInIIInIIIIIIInIn-IIIEEIIIIEI-EIIIEIIIEII
3.2.3.3.4.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o pushbutton number (1 word)
o pushbutton status (1 word)
3.2.3.3.4.2 Processing
When activated by the configurator, this function shall determinewhether the pushbutton input represents a change in the current status fromoff-to-on. If so, it shall:
o request cyclic activation of the HCU EQUIP (if inactive)
o activate the LIGHTS DISP to command the proper light configuration
If the pushbutton input indicates a change in the current status from on-to-off, the HCU Tailored Mode SPEC shall
o request deactivation of the HCU EQUIP (if active)
o activate the LIGHTS DISP to turn off the light
3.2.3.3.4.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o light on/off configuration (I word)
3.2.3.4 Handler Specialist Functions
Handler Specialist Functions control processing for crew-IMK/DEK and crew-MPD/DEK interfaces. They provide the logic to control the display pagesassociated with the particular device.
There are always two Handler SPECS active: One for the IMK and one for theMPD (for checklist processing).
3.2.3.4.1 IMK Handler SPEC
The IMK Handler SPEC controls processing for all IMK display pages. It isscheduled by the configurator and activated by the request processor (forside key inputs) or by the DEK input EQUIP.
3.2.3.4.1.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o IMK side key number (I word)
o table of control information for the page (10 x 2 words)
87
3.2.3.4.1.2 Processing
When activated by the request processor because of a side key, the IMK HandlerSpecialist Function shall determine from the display control informationwhether:
o DEK input is requiredo a Tailored Mode SPEC should be activatedo the current OPS or Brute-Force SPEC should be activated to change
displays
If DEK input is required for the specific side key number, the IMK Handlershall request cyclic activation of the DEK input EQUIP and displays a symbolon the IMK indicating that DEK input is required. If DEK input is not re-quired for the side key number (and a new display is not requested), the IMKHandler shall activate the appropriate Tailored Mode SPEC. If the side keynumber is a request for a new display page (advance to lower level, return
*to higher level), the current OPS or Brute-Force SPEC task shall be notified.(If the DEK EQUIP is active when a side key input is received, it shall be
* deactivated.)
When activated by the DEK EQUIP, the IMK Handler shall activate the appropriateTailored Mode SPEC to process the DEK input buffer, and then shall deactivatethe DEK EQUIP.
The IMK Handler SPEC shall activate the request processor when the M14K backupcapability is used.
3.2.3.4.1.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of:
o IMK/MPO message ID noting that DEK input is required (1 word)o DEK mark control message (I word)o Next display 10 (1 word)
3.2.3.4.2 MPD Handler SPEC
The MPD Handler SPEC controls processing for all MPD checklist display pages.It is scheduled by the configurator and activated by the DEK input EQUIP.
3.2.3.4.2.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of:
o DEK input buffer (n words)o table of control information for display page (n x 2 pages)
88
3.2.3.4.2.2 Processing
When activated by the DEK input EQUIP, the MPD Handler SPEC shall determine
the required processing:
o item checkoffo skip itemo advance page
MPD Handler processing for item checkoff shall consist of displaying anext to the item checked ofT7-and then a "f---" opposite the next item in the
Skip items shall advance the "---" without checking off the item.
For advance page, the MPD Handler shall activate the MPD Checklist DISP todisplay the next checklist page.
3.2.3.4.2.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of:
o DEK mark control messageo next display ID (1 word)
89
3.2.4 Display Processes
Display Processes (DISPS) control cockpit displays. When activated, theyobtain data/signals generated by the Application Software, perform requiredformatting, and output the resulting data messages to compools for subse-quent transmission to display hardware.
Ten Display Processes have been identified for IDAMST:
o LIGHTS - Controls lamp on/off for the MMK, HCU, MFDC, IMK, MarkerBeacon, Low Speed Warning, Ground Proximity Warning, EFCS Warning
o INSTRUMENTS - Controls dedicated cockpit instruments: Mach, AirSpeed, Vertical Velocity, Altimeter, Accelerometer
o HUD - Controls HUD for given Master Mode
o HSD - Controls HSD for given Master Mode
o MPD CHECKLIST - Controls MPD checklist display pages
o MPD PARAMETERS/STATUS - Controls processing for the various MPD func-tional display pages
o ERROR/WARNING MESSAGES - Controls the outputting of error and warningmessages to the crew
o IMK FIXED TEXT - Controls the display of IMK fixed text pages
o DEK MARK - Controls DEK check/mark processing pertaining to checklistand data input functions on MPD/IMK
o IMK STATUS - Controls status displays output to the IMK center par-tition
3.2.4.1 Lights Display Process
The Lights DISP commands lamp on/off configuration for: a) control panels,b) marker beacon, and c) warning lights. It is activated by the ApplicationSoftware task responsible for controlling the lamp status of the particulardisplay device.
3.2.4.1.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o device ID (1 word)
o desired configuration (1 word)
3.2.4.1.2 Processing
The Lights DISP shall format a message to command the desired on/
off configuration, and store the message in a compool to be sent to thedevice.
90
3.2.4.1.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o lamp on/off command (1 word)
3.2.4.2 Instruments Display Process
The Instruments DISP updates the dedicated cockpit instruments:
o mach and air speed indicator
o vertical speed indicator
o baro altitude indicator
o g-meter
It is activated 16 times per second throughout the flight.
3.2.4.2.1 Inputs
Input shall consist 9f
o flight control system data (n words)
o minimum/maximum acceleration since reset (2 words)
3.2.4.2.2 Processing
The Instruments DISP shall obtain the input from a compool, calculatethe parameters, perform scaling as required, and output the result to acompool for subsequent transfer to the instruments.
3.2.4.2.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o mach number
o air speed
o vertical speed
o baro altitude
o acceleration (minimum, maximum, current)
3.2.4.3 HUD Display Process
The HUD DISP provides parameters to the MPDG for display on the HUD. It isactivated 16 times per second throughout the flight except for Shutdown Mode.
i91!
_i
3.2.4.3.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of:
o parameter data (n words)o cursor position (2 words)
3.2.4.3.2 Processing
Upon activation, the HUD DISP shall calculate and/or scale those parametersrequired for all Master Modes. It then shall process those additional para-meters required for the current Master Mode (except those purged by a de-clutter request). The particular parameters calculated for each Mode shallbe as shown in Table 3.2-1.
3.2.4.3.3 Outputs
* Output shall consist of:
*o parameters corresponding to Master Mode (n words)
4 3.2.4.4 HSD Display Process
The HSD DISP provides parameters to the MPDG for display on the HSD. It isactivated 16 times per second throughout the flight except for Shutdown Mode.
3.2.4.4.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of:
o parameter data (n words)o cursor position (2 words) J
3.2.4.4.2 Processing
Upon activation, t1e HUD DISP shall determine if an HSI display is "assigned"to any MPD. If so, those parameters required by the MPDG to generate the HSIdisplay shall be calculated and/or scaled.
The HUD DISP shall then determine if a MAP display is "assigned" to any MPD.If so, those parameters required by the MPDG to generate the MAP display shallbe calculated and/or scaled.
The parameter/functions provided by the MPDG shall consist of:
HSI
distance to waypoirttime to goheading and heading annunciatorbearing pointers (2)bearing identifiers
92
*~ ~X 0 0 @ 0*@ S : : --n S1 S 0 w w )v 0 5 I * x*
- -C, *
-Jd-t --
CA:
"* - -- Li -
030
"J. I (/L.Jr f
-,j 0i 7 *=93 e w
HSI (Continued)
selected headingselected courseto-fromdeviationvertical deviation path pointervertical track change alertlateral track change alertoffset annunciatornav. mode annunciatorheading warnnavigation warn
MAP
, map scaleway pointsnavaids
* key elevationsprojected A/C position"killer" dataalternate trackairport/target location(cursor position)
3.2.4.4.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o HSI display parameters (n words)
o MAP display parameters (n words)
3.2.4.5 MPD Checklist Display Process
The MPD Checklist DISP displays requested checklists. It is activated by theMPD Handler Specialist Function whenever a checklist is to be displayed on anMPD.
3.2.4.5.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o device identification (1 word)
o checklist identification (I word)
3.2.4.5.2 Processing
The MPU checklist DISP shall format the MPDG message for displaying thespecified checklist on the specified MPD.
94
3.2.4.5.3 Outputs
Output consists of a control message:
o MPDG control (1 word)
3.2.4.6 MPO Parameters/Status Display Process
The MPD Parameters/Status DISP controls the various MPD displays. It is acti-vated once per second.
Table 3.2-6 gives the Display numbers which can be displayed on each MPD(e.g., Display #3 can only be shown on MPD #3). Tables 3.2-2 and 3.2-3 showthe normal display configuration at the start of a given mission mode. Figure3.2-6 is an example of a combined nav/comm display page.
3.2.4.6.1 Inputs
* Input shall consist of:
o display requests (2 words)o display status (3 words)o parameter status (n words)
3.2.4.6.2 Processing
Displays are changed via IMK request; the IMK Handler SPEC processes andstores these requests. At each activation, the MPD Parameters/Status DISPshall check the requests and update the MPD display status (Display numberversus MPD number) table.
The DISP shall then obtain the current status for the parameters contained inthe up-to-three displays and store them in a Compool for later transfer to theMPDG.
3.2.4.6.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of a) an output buffer to the MPDG containing displayID and parameter status Tor each and b) updated display status:
o MPDG data buffer (n words)o display status (3 words)
3.2.4.7 Error/Warning Display Process
The Error/Warning DISP controls the outputting of MPD error and warning mess-ages. It is activated by the task which either detects the error or deter-mines the severity of the warning. The messages normally appear on thebottom two lines of the center MPD.
95
" '. . ... . . .... . , . .... . . . .. .. ..-. ..
MPD #1 MPD #2
Display Pilot MPD #3 Copilot
Nav Status I
Comm Status I
System Status I
Engine Parameters I
Departure Area Data
Take Off Parameters
Cruise Parameters
Refuel Status /
Air Drop Flight Parameters J
Air Drop Area Data I
Approach Data I
Landing Area Data I
Weight and Balance Data I
Weight and Fuel Data I
Flare Inventory I
Low Speed Parameters
Aircraft Systems Readout I
Warning/Caution I
Flight Data I
LAPES Area Data I
Rendezvous Data I
SID /
STAR I
Delivery System Status
TABLE 3.2-2 NOMINAL DISPLAY VERSUS MPD ASSIGNMENT
96
oc LeLL~ CdX
CL F- LAC) L L i
(-)LI LLl) II -A ICA IC -A I0l CA w C/) ) ) CI) 1/) 1/) ~)
<C CL CC- CC- CC CC CCC< t
'Ci ~ - XI-:o, 0I- X -E .2- > :> X CXLi A C) wCA CC C ) CC C/CI C "I'/ C
4 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ C "0 - ~ ~ L-l-QI C)O
CC wC CA.LD = m. w. 0. I - 0.> - =. 0. = .w .W t =-m
=- Z j L L LU Z- L) LU LU LU LU LU LU LU LU<-
CC ~ ~ ~ / V. ) ~ ~ ~ ~ L)L
-o m .- 0- >- iL =3 - - -
Cd D w~ C-j C~ CD (D ( (D~ fL-)
Ic LU LU LU CC Oj LMC LuCC Lu LUJ wL aC
C3)
C1
F- im <s C5 V Cm) C LU C3C c C <C V)
-'- C- m - <- F-<\ E - C CC CCJ
*i Cl F- I-CCICCCC) <C< 0 . < >.L CDL I I (
< I- ce. CC ~ r14
V) (x L'C C3 CCV) C LI (=CC LO LU m czC cm re L06 -CC 1 - 0.JC .. L 2!t C. 2!:
< uj -J -J < J LU .< V
LU C
Ir IL Ch LU II _ I
w% cc .. L. d
%D oC)l 00aCDQc
fn P*) .-4 U) -4
LA-JU--
Uvftb < CC C
IL- J LA - LA- H.3- m X Li- U. ,, U
0 U~. j
~ Ia.o
CLI98
3.2.4.7.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o message number (1 word)
3.2.4.7.2 Processing
Using the input identifier, the Error/Warning DISP shall obtain themessage from a compool and add current status, if necessary.
3.2.4.7.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o error/warning message (n words)
3.2.4.8 IMK Fixed Text Display Process
The IMK Fixed Text DISP controls the display of fixed-formatted pages on theIMK. It is activated by an Operational Sequencer or Brute Force SpecialistFunction wherever a new IMK page is to be displayed. Figure 3.2-7 shows asample IMK Fixed-Text display.
3.2.4.8.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o page number (I word)
3.2.4.8.2 Processing
This function shall format a message containing the page ID, and store
it for transfer to the A/NSG. The actual "pages" are pre-stored in the A/NSG.
3.2.4.8.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o page number (1 word)
3.2.4.9 DEK Mark Display Process
The DEK Mark DISP provides the capability to add a symbol to a specified lineon the IMK or MPD indicating required action, and to delete the symbol whenthe action has been completed.
The symbol may be a "d" on the IMK to denote required DEK input, which isthen removed when valid DEK input is entered. The symbol may be a " V" ontne MPD to denote a checked off item or a "---" to denote the next item in acheckoff sequence.
99
LUa
NJJ
I In
Uu-
Li.
100
It is usually activated by the IMK or MPD Handler Specialist Function to con-trol the symbol display. It is sometimes activated by a Tailored Mode SPECwhich determines the successful completion of a data entry.
3.2.4.9.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of:
o device number (1 word)o action - insert, delete (1 word)o CRT row, column (1 word)
3.2.4.9.2 Processing
Given the device and requested action, the DEK Mark DISP shall store theappropriate message in a Compool to be sent to the A/NSG or MPDG.
3.2.4.9.3 Outputs
* Output shall consist of the A/NSG or MPDG message:
o control message (1 word)
3.2.4.10 IMK Status Display Process
The IMK Status DISP controls the display of status information in the centerpartition of the IMK. It is activated once per second to update parameterstatus if there is an active display. Figure 3.2-8 shows a sample IMK statusdisplay.
3.2.4.10.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of the status display ID:
o display number (1 word)
3.2.4.10.2 Processing
The IMK Status DISP shall access a table which identifies the parameters forthe display number. Current status for these parameters shall be obtainedfrom a Compool, formatted and stored in an output bdffer for transfer to theA/NSG.
3.2.4.10.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of the A/NSG buffer:
o parameter status (n words)
101
--
cr w
ELLL.
LL..
102
3.2.5 Equipment Processes
The Applications Software interfaces with IDAMST equipment via EquipmentProcesses (EQUIPS).
For each sensor providing data to the Application Software, the correspondinginput EQUIP will:
o monitor equipment status and initiate action when a health problem ordegraded data is detected
o perform the processing required to make the parameter(s) available
for use by Applications Software tasks
o generate substitute data values if necessary
* Those EQUIPS which output control data to equipment will:
o perform the processing required to format the appropriate control4message
The Equipment Processes identified for IDAMST are shown in Table 3.2-4.
3.2.5.1 UHF-AM Equipment Process
The two UHF-AM radios (AN/ARC-164) are used for military communications andas backup ADF receivers. They provide short-range, line-of-sight, two-waysimplex voice communication with ground systems and other aircraft, operatingin the 225-399.95 mHz frequency band. When the radio is in backup ADF mode,bearing is obtained via the ADF EQUIP.
The UHF EQUIP is activated by the UHF-AM Tailored Mode SPEC whenever a for-matted control message is to be sent to the radio.
3.2.5.1.1 Inputs
Input shall be a message containing radio ID and desired control:
o radio ID, control input (2 words)
Control capability consists of one of the following:
o frequency channel pre-set, alligning frequency tuning by channelselect
o manual frequency selection
o pre-set guard frequency selection
o operational mode selction (T/R, TR+G, ADF, OFF)
103
TABLE 3.2-4 EQUIP SUMMARY
Equipment Activation Rate (per second)
DEK 8* (Input)TACAN 8 (Input)HCU 16* (Input)OMEGA 8 (Input)FCS 32 (Input)G-Meter 4 (Input)INS 4 (Input)SKE/ZM 4 (Input)LF/ADF 4 (Input)UHF/ADF 4 (Input)Radar ALT 4 (Input)ILS 4 (Input)Compass 4 (Input)Flight Surfaces 2 (Input)Aircraft Systems 2 (Input)Caut/Brakes/Gear 2 (Input)UHF-AM Demand (output)VHF-AM Demand (Output)VHF-FM Demand (Output)HB/SSB Demand (Output)DSMU Demand (Output)
Secure Voice Demand (Output)TACAN Demand (Output)OMEGA Demand (Output)CCA Demand (Output)FCS 16 (Output)Flares Demand (Output)INS Demand (Output)SKE/ZM Demand (Output)LF/ADF Demand (Output)UHF/ADF Demand (Output)Radar ALT Demand (Output)ILS Demand (Output)Compass Demand (Output)Radar Demand (Output)IRD&W Demand (Output)RHAWS Demand (Output)Avionics On/Off Demand (Output)ICS 8 (Input/Output)P.A. 8 (Input/Output)FDR TBD (Output)
* Continuous activation only when being used.
104
- *s.
o squelch disable
o volume control
3.2.5.1.2 Processing
When activated by the UHF-AM Tailored Mode SPEC, the EQUIP shall determinethe type of control desired, format the required message, and store it ina compool for subsequent transfer to the radio. Input control data will havebeen checked by the activating task for invalid/out-of-range conditions, scEQUIP processing shall assume valid data.
3.2.5.1.3 Outputs
Output shall be control messages corresponding to the request, and statusupdates:
* o control command (I word)
o status update (I word)
3.2.5.2 VHF-AM Equipment Process
The VHF-AM radio (Wilcox-807A) is used for CCT and civilian communications.It provides two-way simplex 160 nautical mile voice communication in the 118 -
135.975 mHz frequency band over line-of-site propagation paths.
The VHF-AM EQUIP is activated by the VHF-AM Tailored Mode SPEC whenever a
formatted control message is to be sent to the radio.
3.2.5.2.1
Input shall be a message containing the desired control:
o control input (I word)
Control capability consists of one of the following:
o manual frequency selection
o squelch disable
o volume control
o on/off control
3.2.5.2.2 Processing
When activated by the VHF-AM Tailored Mode SPEC, the EQUIP shall determinethe type of control desired, format the required message, and store it ina compool for subsequent transfer to the radio. Input control data will havebeen checked by the activating task for invalid/out-of-range conditions, soEQUIP processing shall assume valid data.
105
3.2.5.2.3 Outputs
Output shall be control messages corresponding to the request, and statusupdates:
o control command (1 word)
o status update (1 word)
3.2.5.3 VHF-FM Equipment Process
The VHF-FM radio (FM622A) is used primarily for military/CCT communications.It provides short-range line-of-sight, two-way simplex voice communicationin the 30 - 75.95 mHz frequency range.
The VHF-FM EQUIP is activated by the VHF-FM Tailored Mode SPEC whenever a* formatted control message is to be sent to the radio.
3.2.5.3.1
Input shall be a message containing the desired control:
o control input (I word)
Control capability consists of one of the following:
o on/off control
o manual frequency selection
o volume control
o T/R contro4
o re-transmit control
o home control
o squelch disable
o squelch carrier
o squelch tone
3.2.5.3.2 Processing
When activated by the VHF-FM Tailored Mode SPEC, the EQUIP shall determinethe type of control desired, format the required message, and store it ina compool for subsequent transfer to the radio. Input control data will havebeen checked by the activating task for invalid/out-of-range conditions, soEQUIP processing shall assume valid data.
106 *
* o .
3.2.5.3.3 Outputs
Output shall be control messages corresponding to the request, and statusupdates:
o control command (1 word)
o status update (I word)
3.2.5.4 HF/SSB Equipment Process
The HF/SSB radio (AN/ARC-123) is used for long-range military communications.It provides two-way simplex voice communications at distances up to 2,500nautical miles, operating in the 2 - 30 mHz frequency band.
The HF/SSB EQUIP is activated by the HF/SSB Tailored Mode SPEC whenever aformatted control message is to be sent to the radio.
* 3.2.5.4.1
Input shall be a message containing the desired control:
o control input (1 word)
Control capability consists of one of the following:
o on/off control
o manual frequency selection
o SSB
o amplitude modulation equivalent
o frequency shift key
o continuous wave
o volume control
o squelch disable
o noise blank
o RF gain control
3.2.5.4.2 Processing
Wnen activated by the HF/SSB Tailored Mode SPEC, the EQUIP shall determinethe type of control desired, format the required message, and store it ina compool for subsequent transfer to the radio. Input control data will havebeen checked by the activating task for invalid/out-of-range conditions, soEQUIP processing shall assume valid data.
1..
* 107
-, - - _ ..... a *
3.2.5.4.3 Outputs
Output shall be control messages corresponding to the request, and status
updates:
o control command (I word)
o status update (I word)
3.2.5.5 ICS Equipment Process
The Intercommunication Set (AN/AIC-18) provides:
o two-way voice communication between crew stations
o interfaces with radio tranceivers, navigation receivers, public ad-dress amplifier, and maintenance intercom outlets
, The ICS allows for selection, control, and distribution of radio systems forairborne/ground station communication and monitoring.
The ICS EQUIP is activated cyclically eight times per second from startup.
3.2.5.5.1 Inputs
Input shall be ICS control panel ID and settings, and hot-mic select fromthe CCA:
o hot-mic selection (CCA) (1 word)
o monitoring (mixer) switches with individual volume controls (n words)
o hot-listen selection (I word)
o mic-talk selection (panel) (I word)
o call selection (I word)
o aux listen selection (1 word)
3.2.5.5.2 Processing
The EQUIP shall determine If panel setting has changed since the lastactivation. If the settings are the same, the EQUIP shall terminate.If changed, the EQUIP shall format/store corresponding ICS control messages.
3.2.5.5.3 Outputs
Output shall be control messages corresponding to the request, and statusupdates:
108
o control command (I word)
o status update (1 word)
3.2.5.6 Public Address Equipment Process
The P.A. System (AN/AIC-13) is used for voice announcements in the cargo areas.
The P.A. EQUIP is activated cyclically eight times per second from startup.
3.2.5.6.1 Inputs
Input shall be the P.A. control panel output buffer to be monitored by theEQUIP:
, o on/off control
o speaker selection
o mixer switch control
o volume control
3.2.5.6.2 Processing
The EQUIP shall determine if panel setting has changed since the lastactivation. If the settings are the same, the EQUIP shall terminate.If changed, the EQUIP shall format/store corresponding P.A. controlmessages.
3.2.5.6.3 Outputs
Output shall be control messages corresponding to the request, and P.A.status updates:
o control command (1 word)
o status update (1 word)
3.2.5.7 Secure Voice Equipment Process
The Secure Voice System (TSEC/KY-58) encrypts and decrypts VHF/UHF voicecoriunication.
The secure voice EQUIP is activated by the Secure Voice Tailored Mode SPECwhenever on/off control is to be sent to the unit.
3.2.5.7.1 Input
Input shall be a message containing desired control:
o on/off indication (1 word)
109
3.2.5.7.2 Processing
This EQUIP shall store the on (or off) control message in a compoolfor subsequent transfer to the unit.
3.2.5.7.3 Outputs
Output shall be control messages corresponding to the request, and statusupdates:
o control command (1 word)
o status update (1 word)
3.2.5.8 DEK Equipment Process
The DEK Equipment Process controls the DEK input procedure. An eight-times-per-second activation rate is initiated by a Handler Specialist Functionwhenever DEK input is required for a particular IMK side key function or MPDchecklist function. It is deactivated when an ENTER is received or whenthere is no further need for the input.
i3.2.5.8.1 Inputs
Input shall be one character:
o character (I word)
which may represent any of the following:
o digits 0 through 9
o CLEAR (re-set)
o CHECK (checklist checkoff - MPD)
o SPACE (checklist skip function - MPD)
o PAGE (advance page - MPD)
o ENTER (end-of-data)
o NULL (no input)
3.2.5.8.2 Processing
When activated, the DEK EQUIP shall initialize the input buffer. Eachactivation thereafter (eight/second) the EQUIP shall determineinput status, and terminate if there was no input since the last activation.
If the input was a 0 - 9 digit (or its upper case equivalent), and the inputbuffer isn't full, the character shall be stored; otherwise, the buffer shall
110
be cleared and a message displayed on the center MPD via the Error/
Warning DISP. The maximum size of the input buffer is[r-characters.
If the input is CLEAR, the EQUIP shall clear the buffer.
CHECK, SPACE, PAGE are used for MPD checklist functions; the MPD HandlerSpecialist Function is activated to control the processing of the inputbuffer. If the DEK EQUIP is assigned to an IMK Handler, these keys shall beignored.
ENTER indicates the end of the input data string; the Handler Specialist Func-tion shall be activated to process the input buffer.
3.2.5.8.3 Outputs
Output shall be the final DEK input buffer:
o input buffer (1 - n word)
o packed two characters per word.
3.2.5.9 DSMU Equipment Process
The DSMU controls display distribution and refresh functions. It containsmodules which provide five independent raster memory channels to refresh theMPD's, and two independent stroke channels for the HUD's. The display memoryis loaded/updated from the MPDG. Switching commands allow sensor video to bedisplayed in lieu of a display stored in a memory module.
The DSMU EQUIP is activated by the OSMU Tailored Mode SPEC whenever a switch-ing command is to be sent to the DSMU as a result of a crew request via theIMK.
3.2.5.9.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o DSMU switching request (1 wrd)
3.2.5.9.2 Processing
The DSMU EQUIP shall format the switching command and storein -in output buffer for transfer to the DSMU.
3.2 5.9.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o DSMU switching command (I word)
o Switching status (1 word)
111
3.2.5.10 TACAN Equipment Processes
The TACAN System (AN/ARN-118) furnishes data relative to a selected TACANfacility operating in the 962 - 1213 mHz frequency band.
Two TACAN EQUIPS are provided. The input EQUIP is activated cyclically toreceive data; the output EQUIP formats TACAN commands to satisfy controlrequests.
3.2.5.10.1 TACAN Input EQUIP
This EQUIP processes data from the TACAN system. It is activated eight timesper second.
3.2.5.10.1.1 Inputs
Input shall be TACAN data and previous status:
o bearing (I word)
, o range (1 word)
o range rate, to-from indication (1 word)
o status (1 word)
o previous status (1 word)
3.2.5.10.1.2 Processing
The input EQUIP shall format and scale the data as necessary, and store theresults in a compool. if status has changed, the SSSM shall be activated.
3.2.5.10.1.3 Outputs
Output shall be the formatted data:
o bearing (I word)
o distance (1 word)
o range rate (1 word)
o to-from indicator (I word)
o co"-se deviation signal (1 word)
3.2.5.10.2 TACAN Output EQUIP
This EQUIP formats control messages to the TACAN. It is activated by theTACAN Tailored Mode SPEC whenever control is requested by a crew member viathe IMK.
112
3.2.5.10.2.1 Inputs
Input shall be control type/value data:
o on/off
o channel select
o mode select
o receiveo transmit/receiveo A/A receiveo A/A transmit
o auto/manual tuning
o volume
o course select
o test capability
3.2.5.10.2.2 Processing
The input EQUIP shall generate the control message corresponding to the type/value input data.
3.2.5.10.2.3 Outputs
Output shall be the control message and status:
o TACAN control (1 word)
o Control status update (I word)
3.2 5.11 HCU Equipment Process
The Hand Controller Unit provides crew memebers with: 1) the capability topoint the radar antenna and 2) data update capability via display cursorpositioning.
Th( HCU EQUIP is activated 16 times per second (whenever an HCU display-selectpushbutton is in effect) to process cursor displacements.
3.2.5.11.1 Inputs
input shall be activate/designate pushbutton and X, Y displacement:
o pushbutton (1 word)
o Lxy (2 words)
113
3.2.5.11.2 Processing
The HCU EQUIP shall keep track of the "null", "activate", or "designate"state of the controller pushbutton. The state is initially "null". Nocalculations are performed until the controller pushbutton is pressed for thefirst time, changing the state to "activate".
When the state is "activate", the EQUIP shall evaluate the effective cursorposition with respect to the selected display, and store these displacementsfor use by the particular DISP that is to use them. If the antenna controlpushbutton is active, and the displacements represent a change from the pre-vious, the Radar Tailored Mode SPEC shall be activated.
When the controller pushbutton is pressed a second time, the state changes to"designate" and no further calculations are performed; the last calculateddisplacement is left in a compool to be used, for example, in a navigationdata update procedure.
* 3.2.5.11.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of displacement data and pushbutton state:
o L X, AY (2 words)
o state - null, activate, designate (1 word)
3.2.5.12 OMEGA Equipment Processes
The OMEGA Radio Navigat&ion System (AN/ARN- ) provides airplane positionfixes using the worldwide network of VLF ground transmitters.
Two OMEGA EQUIPS are provided. The input EQUIP is activated cyclically toreceive data; the output EQUIP formats OMEGA commands to satisfy controlrequests.
3.2.5.12.1 OMEGA input EQUIP
This EQUIP processes dat . from the OMEGA system. It is activated eight timesper second.
3.2.5.12.1.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of:
o three channels of RF information
3.2.5.12.1.2 Processing
The OMEGA input EQUIP shall format/scale RF data as
114
necessary, and store in a compool for use in navigation calculations.
3.2.5.12.1.3 Outputs
Output shall be the OMEGA parameters, properly formatted and scaled, to bestored in a compool:
o parameters (n words)
3.2.5.12.2 OMEGA Output EQUIP
This EQUIP formats control messages to the OMEGA system. It is activated bythe OMEGA Tailored Mode SPEC whenever control is requested by a crew membervia the IMK.
115
3.2.5.12.2.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o On/Off (1 word)o Auto/Manual Tuning (1 word)o GMT, Date, Latitude, Longitude (4 words)
3.2.5.12.2.2 Processing
The output EQUIP shall generate the control message corresponding to thetype/value input data.
3.2.5.12.2.3 Outputs
Output shall be the control message and status.
* o OMEGA Control (1 word), o Status Update (1 word)
3.2.5.13 CCA Equipment Process
The Column Control Assembly provides a shaker capability for imminent stallconditions.
The CCA EQUIP is activated by the FCS EQUIP whenever shaker control (on oroff) is required.
3.2.5.13.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o Shaker Control Request
3.2.5.13.2 Processing
The CCA EQUIP shall store the control message ir a Compool forsubsequent transfer to the CCA, and update the CCA status accordingly.
3.2.5.13.3 Outputs
Output shall be control commands and status updates.
o CCA Shaker On/Off Control (1 word)o On/Off Status (I word)
3.2.5.14 FCS Equipment Process
The Flight Control System provides air data, attitude, and mode and statusinformation. This information is processed by the avionics system toprovide steering data for the flight control system.
116
Two FCS EQUIP's are provided. The input EQUIP is activated cyclically toreceive data; the output EQUIP is activated cyclically to send steeringdata.
3.2.5.14.1 FCS Input EQUIP
The FCS input EQUIP processes data from the flight control system. It is
activated 32 times per second.
3.2.5.14.1.1 Inputs
Input shall be FCS output data, and previous status.
o Air Data (10 words), 3 channelso Attitude (5 words), 3 channelso Mode and Status (I word), 3 channelso Previous Status (I word)
3.2.4.14.1.2 Processing
The Equip shall process the data as necessary, and store the results ina Compool. If the status has changed, the SSSM shall be activated. TheLIGHTS DISP shall be activated for on/off control of the EFCS WarningLight, as necessary.
Data processing may include scaling, signal source selection, smoothing,
algorithm calculations, etc.
3.2.5.14.1.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o Air Data (10 words)o Attitude Data (5 words)o Mode/Status (I word)o EFCS Light Control (1 word)
3.2.5.14.2 FCS Output EQUIP
The FCS Output EQUIP controls the sending of steering signals to the FCS.It is activated cyclically 16 times per second.
3.2.5.14.2.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o Steering Requests (4 words)
3.2.5.14.2.2 Processing
The output EQUIP shall qeneratethe steering messages and outputs them toa Compool.
117
,a- ---
3.2.5.14.2.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o Steering Signals (4 words)
3.2.5.15 Flares Dispenser System Equipment Process
The Flares Dispenser System contains four sets of flares which may bedropped as a defensive measure against infrared seeker threats.
The Flares Dispenser System EQUIP is activated by the Flares Dispensertailored Model SPEC whenever a formatted control message is to be sentto the system.
3.2.5.15.I Inputs
Input shall be control requests and status.
o On/Off (1 word)*o Flare Set # (I word)
o Flare Status (2 words)
3.2.5.15.2 Processing
The Flares Dispensar System EQUIP shall generate control messagesand store them in a Compool for transmission. The software flare statusshall be updated.
3.2.5.15.3 Outputs
Output shall be control commands to the Flares Dispenser System andstatus.
o On/Off Command (1 word)o Flare Drop Command (I word)o Current Flare Status (2 words)
3.2.5.16 G-Meter Equipment Process
The G-Meter displays 1) current vertical acceleration, 2) the low verticalacceleration since last reset, and 3) the high vertical acceleration sincelast reset.
The G-Meter EQUIP is activated 4 times per second to monitor the resetbutton.
3.2.5.16.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o Reset Button Status (I word)
HRI
3.2.5.16.2 Processing
If the reset button shows a change in status, the low vertical accelerationand high vertical acceleration shall be set equal to 1.
3.2.5.16.3 Output
Output shall be new low and high vertical acceleration values.
o Accelerations (2 words)
3.2.5.17 INS Equipment Processes
The INS (Carousel IV) is a self-contained inertial navigation system (includinga digital computer) which provides worldwide aircraft navigation entirelyindependent of ground communication.
Two INS EQUIP's are provided. The input EQUIP is activated cyclically toreceive data; the output EQUIP formats INS commands to satisfy controlrequests.
3.2.5.17.1 INS Input EQUIP
This EQUIP processes data from the INS. It is activated 4 times per second.
3.1.5.17.1.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o Aircraft Position and Velocity (6 words)o Pitch and Roll (2 words)o Calculated Digital Data ( n words)o Status (1 word)
3.2.5.17.1.2 Processing
The EQUIP shall format and scale the data as necessary, and storethe results in a Compool. If the status has changed, the SSSM Shall beactivated.3.2.5.17.1.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o Position and Velocity (2 words)o Pitch and Roll (2 words)o Other Data (n words)
3.2.5.17.2 INS Output EQUIP
This EQUIP formats control messages to the INS. It is activated by the INSTailored Mode SPEC whenever control is requested by a crew member via the IMK.
119
3.2.5.17.2.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o Mode (1 word)o Auto/Manual Select (I word)o Initial Position (2 words)o Way Point Loading (n words)
3.2.5.17.2.2 Processing
The EQUIP shall generate the control message corresponding to the type/value input data.
3.2.5. 17.2.2. Outputs
Output shall be the control message and updated control status:
, o INS Control (1 word)and Status (1 word)
3.2.5.18 SKE/ZM Equipment Processes
The Station Keeping Equipment (AN/APN-169) is a cooperative air-to-airstation keeping system for flights of up to 36 aircraft. It enables theseaircraft to locate and identify one another; and to maintain formation/rendezvous regardless of visibility. The SKE interfaces with the MDSC toprovide a formation display.
Two SKE EQUIP's are provided. The input EQUIP is activated cyclically toreceive data; the output EQUIP formats SKE commands to satisfy controlrequests.
3.2.5.18.1 SKE Input EQUIP
This EQUIP processes data from the SKE. It is activated 4 times per second.
3.2.5.18.1.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o Aircraft Range and Bearing (n words)o SKE Status (1 word)
3.2.5.18.1.2 Processing
The EQUIP shall format and scale the data as necessary, and store theresults in a Compoel. If the status has changed, the SSSM shall be activated.
3.2.5.18.1.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o Aircraft Range and Bearing (n words)
120
3.2.5.18.2 SKE Output EQUIP
This EQUIP formats control messages to the SKE. It is activated whenevercontrol is requested by a crew member via the IMK.
3.2.5.18.2.1 Inputs
Input shall be control type/value data:
o On/Off (I word)o Freq A/B (1 word)o In Track Offset (I word)o Altitude Offset (1 word)o Cross-Track Offset (I word)o Leader Select (I word)o Proximity Warning Range (1 word)o Proximity Warning Tone On/Off (1 word)o Master-Follow Select (I word)o Master Indicator (1 word)o BITE Test (0 word)o ID Function Select (I word)o Range Scale (I word)o Range Mark (1 word)o Display Centering (1 word)o Blanking (1 word)
3 2.5.18.2.2 Processing
The EQUIP shall generate the control message corresponding to the type/value of the input request.
3.2.5.18.2.3 Outputs
Output shall be the control message and updated control status.
o SKE Command (I word) and Status (1 word)
3.2.5.19 LF/ADF Equipment Processes
The LF/ADF (OF-206) provides the navigation calculation with bearing to aselected low frequency radio station.
Two LF/ADF EQUIP's are provided. The input EQUIP is activated cyclically toreceive data; the output EQUIP formats LF/ADF commands to satisfy controlrequests.
3.2.5.19.1 LF/ADF Input EQUIP
This EQUIP processes data from the LF/ADF unit. It is activated four timesper second.
121
. . . . . '. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I
3.2.5.19.1.1 Inp'its
Input shall consist of
o Bearing (I word)o Status (1 word)
3.2.5.19.1.2 Processing
The input EQUIP shall format and scale the bearing input data, and storeit in a Compool. If the status has changed, the SSSM shall be activated.
3.2.5.19.1.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o Bearing (1 word;
3.2.5.19.2 LF/ADF Output EQUIP
This EQUIP formats control messages to the LF/ADF. It is activated whenevercontrol is requested by a crew member via the IMK.
3.2.5.19.2.1 Inputs
Input shall be control type/value data.
o On/Off (1 word)o Auto/Manual Select (I word)o Frequency Select (1 word)o Test Select (I word)o Volume (1 word)
3.2.5.19.2.2 Processing
The output EQUIP shall generate the control message correspondina to thetype/value of the input request.
3.2.5.19.2.3 Outputs
Output shall be the control message and updated control status.
o LF/ADF CommanG (I word) and Status (I word)
3.2.5.20 UHF/ADF Equipmnent Processes
The UHF/ADF (DF-301E) provides the navigation calculation with bearing to aselected ultra-high frequency radio station.
Two UHF/ADF EQUIP's are provided. The input EQUIP is activated cyclically toreceive data; the output EQUIP formats UHF/ADF commands to satisfy controlrequests.
122
6,
3.2.5.20.1 UHF/ADF Input EQUIP
This EQUIP processes data from the UHF/ADF unit. It is activated four timesper second.
123
t *.
3.2.5.20.1.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o Bearing (1 word)o Status (1 word)
3.2.5.20.1.2 Processing
The input EQUIP shall format and scale the bearing input data, and storeit in a Compool. If status has changed, the SSSM shall be activated.
3.2.5.20.1.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
* o Bearing (1 word)
3.2.5.20.2 UHF/ADF Output EQUIP
This EQUIP formats control messages to the UHF/ADF. It is activated whenevercontrol is requested by a crew member via the IMK.
1.2.5.20.2.1 Inputs
Input shall be control type/value data.
o On/Off (1 word)o Auto/Manual Select (1 word)o Frequency Select (I word)o Test Select (1 word)o Volume (I word)
3.2.5.20.2.2 Processing
The output EQUIP shall generate the control message corresponding to thetype/value of the input request.
3.2.5.20.2.3 Outputs
Output shall be the control message and updated control status.
o IJHF/ADF Command (1 word) and Status (1 word)
3.2.5.21 Rade.r Altimeter Equipment Processes
The two Radar Altimeters (AN/APN-194) are range tracking radars which providealtitude information from 0 - 5000 feet.I
Two Radar Altimeter EQJIPS are provided. The input EQUIP is activatedLyclically to receive data; the output EQUIP formats Radar Altimeter commandsto satisfy tontrol requests.
124
3.2.5.21.1 Radar Altimeter Input EQUIP
This EQUIP processes data from the Radar Altimeter. It is activated four
times per second.
3.2.5.21.1.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o Status (1 word)o Altitude (1 word)o Radar altimeter ID (I word)
3.2.5.21.1.2 Processing
The input EQUIP shall format and scale the altitude input data,and store it in a Compool. If the status has changed, the SSSM shall beactivated
3.2.5.21.1.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o Altitude (1 word)
3.2.5.21.2 Radar Altimeter Output EQUIP
This EQUIP formats control messages to the Radar Altimeter. It is activatedwhenever control is requested by a crew member via the IMK.
3.2.5.21.2.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o On/off (1 word)o Low altitude select (I word)o ID (I word)o Test select (1 word)
3.2.5.21.2.2 Processing
The output EQUIP shall generate the control message correspondingto the type/value of the input request, and store it in a Compool.
3.2.5.21.2.3 OutputsDtput shaTl consist of
o radar altimeter command (1 word)
125
3.2.5.22 ILS Equipment Processes
The Instrument Landing System (AN/ARN-108) is used in conjunction withground transmitting equipment and airplane flight director calculations toprovide display capability for marker beacon, glideslope, and localizersignals.
Two ILS EQUIPS are provided. The input EQUIP is activated cyclically toreceive data; the output EQUIP formats ILS commands to satisfy controlrequests.
3.2.5.22.1 ILS Input EQUIP
This EQUIP processes data from the ILS unit. It is activated four times persecond.
3.2.5.22.1.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o Bearing (1 wcrd)o Status (I word)o Localizer/glide slope deviation (2 words)o ILS ID (1 word)
3.2.5.22.1.2 Processing
The EQUIP shall format and scale the bearing data, and store it ina Compool. If the status has changed, the SSSM shall be activated,
3.2.5.22.1.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o Bearing (I word)n Localizer/olide slope deviations (2 words)
3.2.5.22.3 ILS Output EQUIP
This EQUIP formats control messages to the ILS. It is activated whenevercontrol is requested by a crew member via the IMK.
3.2.5.22.2.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o On/off (1 word)o Auto/manual select (I word)o Frequency select (I word)o Course selecto MDA selecto ILS ID
126
3.2.5.22.2.2 Processing
The EQUIP shall generate the control message corresponding to the
type/value of the input request.
3.2.5.22.2.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o ILS command (I word) and Status (1 word)
3.2.5.23 Compass Equipment Processes
The Magnetic Compass (C-12) provides heading information for navigation.
Two Compass EQUIPs are provided. The input EQUIP is activated cyclicallyto receive data; the output EQUIP formats Compass Commands to satisfycontrol requests.
3.2.5.23.1 Comoass Input EQUIP
This EQUIP processes data from the Compass unit. It is activated four timesper second.
3.2.5.23.1.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
Heading (1 word)a Status (1 word)
3.2.5.23.1.2 Processing
The input EQUIP shall format and scale the heading data, and store it ina Conpool. If the status has changed, the SSSM shall be activated.
3.2.5.23.1.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o Heading (1 word)
3.2.5,23.2 Compass Output EQUIP
This EQUIP formats control messages to the Compass. It is activated whenevercontrol is requested by a crew member via the IMK.
.1.2.5.23.2.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
127
o On/off (1 word)o Slaved option (1 word)o D.G. (1 word)
o Set heading (1 word)o Set latitude (I word)
3.2.5.23.2.2 Processing
The output EQUIP shall generate the control message corresponding to thetype/value of the input request.
3.2.5.23.2.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o Compass command (1 word)o Status (I word)
3.2.5.24 LR Radar Equipment Processes
The Long Range Radar (AN/APQ-122) provides precise navigation capabilitiesfor long-range grourd mapping, weather detection, and beacon interrogation.A high-resolution CRT radar display is available to the crew upon request.
The Radar EQUIP is activated by the Radar Tailored Mode SPEC whenever aformatted control message is to be sent to the unit.
3.2.5.24.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o Mode select (I word)o Frequency select (1 word)o Magnetic variation select (1 word)o RF power, gain (2 words)o Beam (1 word)o Azimuth stabilizer (I word)o ISO echo (1 word)o Scan select (I word)o Range select (1 word)o Fast time on/off (I word)o Sens. time (1 wurd)o Frequency agile mode on/off (1 word)o Heading marker intensity (I word)o Range marker intensity (1 word)o Sweep intensity (1 word)
3.2.5.24.2 Processing
The EQUIP shall generate the cuntrol message corresponding to the type/value of the input request, and store it in a Compool for subsequenttransmission to the Long Range Radar.
1,28
3.2.5.24.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o Radar command (1 word) and status (1 word)
3.2.5.25 IRD&W Equipment Processes
The Infrared Detection and Warning System is a defensive countermeasurewhich provides threat information. It interfaces with the MDSC to providea quadrant-orientated threat display.
The IRDW EQUIP is activated by the IRDW Tailored Mode SPEC whenever aformatted control message is to be sent to the unit.
3.2.5.25.1 Inputs
* Input shall consist of
o on/off (1 word)
3.2.5.25.2 Processing
The EQUIP shall store the on (or off) control message in a Compool forsubsequent transfer to the device.
3.2.5.25.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o on/off command
3.2.5.26 RHAWS Equipment Process
The Radar Homing and Warning System (AN/APR-36/37) is a radar-detecting,defensive countermeasure which provides threat information to the crew viaMPD display.
The RHAWS EQUIP is activated by the RHAWS Tailored Mode SPEC whenever a
formatted control message is to be sent to the unit.
3.2 5.26.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o on/off (1 word)
3.2.5.26.2 Processing
The EQUIP shall store the on (or off) control message in a Compool forsubsequent transfer to the device.
129
I"3.2.5.26.2 Processing
The EQUIP shall store the on (or off) control message in a Compool forsubsequent transfer to the device.
3.2.5.26.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o On/Off Command (I word)
3.2.5.27 Flight Surfaces Equipment Process
The current positions of controllable flight surfaces (e.g., flaps) aremonitored for display and algorithm purposes.
The Flight Surfaces EQUIP is activated 2 times per second to read current* position settings of the surfaces.
3.2.5.27.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o Elevator Trim Positions (9 words)o Left-Wing Flap/Spoiler Positions (7 words)o Right Wing Flaps/Spoiler Positions (7 words)
3.2.5.27.2 Processing
The EQUIP shall process the input data as required, and storethe result in a Compool.
3.2.5.27.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o Elevator Trim Positions (9 words)o Left Flap Positions (7 words)o Right Flap Positions (7 words)
3.2.5.28 Aircraft Sensors Equipment Process
Aircraft sensors provide current status of -
o Fuelo Engineso Powero Accelerometer
for display.
130
The Aircraft Sensors EQUIP is activated 2 times a second to read thecurrent sensor output.
3.2.5.28.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o Fuel (n words)o Engines (n words)o Power (n words)o Accelerometer ( 1 word)
3.2.5.28.2 Processing
The EQUIP shall process the input data as required, and storethe results in a Compool.
3.2.5.28.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o Fuel (n words)o Engines (n words)o Power (n words)o Accelerometer (I word)
3.2.5.29 Brakes/Gear/Caution Equipment Process
The current status of the brake and landing gear systems, and the cautionpanel, is monitored for display and algorithm purposes.
The Brake/Gear/Caution EQUIP is activated 2 times a second to copy the
current status.
3.2.5.29.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o Weight-On-Gear (1 word)o Caution Lights (n words)o Master Caution Light (1 word)o Landing Gear (1 word)o Brakes (1 word)o Gear-Up and Locked (1 word)o Previous Values for the Above (n words)
3.2.5.29.2 Processing
The EQUIP shall process the input data as required, andstore the results in a Compool. Changes in the status of any item from itsprevious value may result in the activation of the Error/Warning DISP.
131
3.2.5.29.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o Weight-On-Gear (I word)o Caution Lights (n words)o Master Caution Light (1 word)o Landing Gear (1 word)o Brakes (1 word)o Gear-Up and Locked (1 word)o Message ID (I word)
3.2.5.30 Avionics On/Off Equipment Process
On/off control is provided for the following avionics equipment.
o Counting Accelerometer o HUD 1o Gear-Up and Locked - left o HUD 2
* o Gear-Up and Locked - right o HSD 1o Weight on Gear - left o HSD 2o Weight on Gear - right o MPD 1o Stick Shaker 1 o MPD 2o Stick Shaker 2 o MPD 3o Stab. Trim Position o MPDG 1o Flap Position - left o MPDG 2o Flap Position - right o DSMUo Fuel Totalizer o MDSCo Engine 1 o MFDCo Engine 2 o HCUo IRD & W o MMKo RH & W o TACANo Flares Dispenser o SKEo Long Range Radar o HF/SSB Radioo Radar Altimeter o VHF-AM Radioo Radar 2 o VHF-FM Radioo Magnetic Compass o UHF-AM Radio 1o INS o UHF-AM Radio 2o OMEGA o IFFo ILS 1 o Secure Voiceo ILS 2 o Public Addresso LF ADF o Intercommunicdtion Seto UHF ADF
The Avionics On/Off EQUIP is activated by the Avionics On/Off Tailored ModeSPEC whenever On/Off control is requested from the IMK.
3.2.5.30.1 Inputs
Input shall consist of
o Equipment ID (i word)o On/Off Control (1 word)
132
I3.2.5.30.2 Processing
The EQUIP shall generate the on (or off) message and store in a Compoolfor subsequent transfer to the specified device.
3.2.5.30.3 Outputs
Output shall consist of
o On/Off Command (1 word)
3.2.5.31 FDR Equipment Process
The Flight Data Recorder (AN/ASH-31V) is a survivable recorder used forstoring a current 30-minute history of voice communications and flight data.A beacon transmitter facilitates recovery after deployment.
, The FDR EQUIP in activated cyclically TBD times per second.
3.2.5.31.1 Inputs
Input shall be Compool data to be recorded.
o Data (n words)
3.2.5.31.2 Processing
At each activation, the FDR EQUIP shall format two channels of data and storeit in a Compool for transfer to the FDR.
3.2.5.31.3 Outputs
Output shall be data to be sent to FDR.
o Data (n words)
133
3.2.6 Special Requirements
This section contains special requirements imposed on Application Softwaredevelopment.
3.2.6.2 JOVIAL J73
All Applications Software will De coded in the JOVIAL J73 higher orderlanguage.
3.2.6.1 Structured Programming
Top-down, structured programming concepts will be used throughout ApplicationsSoftware development. Software elements will be established which correspondto functions defined in this document.
-13
"134
I. ..3.3 Adaptation
This section summarizes the Applications Sofiware requirements with resoect
to the operatinq facility, system parameters, and system capacities.
3.3.1 General Environment
Further definition of the IDAMST system design is required prior to completingthis portion of the specification. Pendinq definition the followinq assump-tions are made.
3.3.1.1 IDAMST Core Elements
IDAMST core element hardware including the core element control/displays areassumed to be identical in all AMST aircraft and require no modification orvariations in software to adapt the IDAMST OFP and OTP software.
3.3.1.2 Other IDAMST Integrated Hardware
* Variations in AMST equipment complement associated with the IDAMST system isexpected. It is assumed that the IDAMST OFP and OTP software till be auto-
*matically adaptable to hardware variations in the AMST. This will beaccomplished through the use of an equipment status word frum the IDAMSTavionic hardware which identifies the existing hardware configuration. TheOFP and OTP software will subsequently adapt to the actual configuration byomitting software functions associated with non-existent avionics hardwareelements. The OFP and OTP software will compile a list of active andinstalled avionic equipment hardware and display list upon command and alsowrite list on DITS recorder for a maintenance record.
3.3.2 System Parameters
Constants and other data pertaining to the particular mission must be avail-able at load time for the Application Software to function at full capability.
3.3.3 System Capacities
Estimated capacity requirements of the Applications Software is summarizedin Table 3.3-1. These estimates arerelated to an IDAMST processor like that described in Reference 2.2(c),"Prime Item Product Fabrication Specification for DAIS Processor", and allowa 25 growth margin.
135
L'i-
C)) ~~ Ul
4n~
<1R Ln M Ln 0 m C OC M LAO ICn G'-l. c L Ch %& fO mfO D Lf r-. m~ m mCD~ c'. C, C- C) 'a
q:.c 0C i ( ,J, * .--:r . cli m f-)(i
0 A
iS 4'
C'Ic
Ul CDCo Dc f C DP C
U 0)
0oo ra'A 0o M~ OO A O 0 Ito CUOC/IC
CL CL 41
>U a) > 4 0)
4.)1 d)C U u a) OC-CC- E 4 L > - C
OOr0 0 o () . Q
This page intentionally left blank.
137
4.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS
This section identifies the basic method for accomolishing software verifica-tion.
4.1 Introduction
IDAMST CPCIs will incorporate top-down, structured concepts, described brief-ly below:
Structured Program
A structured program is a computer program constructed of a basic set of con-trol logic figures which provide at least the following: Sequence of two ormore operations, conditional branch to one of two operations and returnrepetition of an operation. A structured proaram has only one entry and oneexit point. A path will exist froIi the entry to each node and from each'nodeto the exit. In addition, certain practices are associated, such as indenta-tion of source code to represent logic levels, use of intelliaent data namesand descriptive commentary.
To- D own P roarammi9n
Top-down programming is tne concept of Derformino in hierarchical sequence adetailed design, code, integration and test as concurrent operations.
Top-Down Struc tured regrams
A top-down structured Program is a structured proqram with the additionalcharacteristics of the surce code being lonically but not physically seg-mented in a hierarchical manner and only dependent on code already written.Control of execution between segments is restricted to transfers betweenvertically adjacent hierarhical segments.
Top-down codinq and verification is an ordering of system development whichallows for continual integration of the system parts as they are developedand provides for interfaces prior to the parts being developed. At eachstage, the code already tested drives the new code, and only external datais required.
In top-down programmng, the system is organized into a tree structure ofsegments. The top segmerts contain the highest level of control logic anddecisions within the program, and either passes control to the next levelsegments or identifies the next level segments for in-line inclusions. Thenext level may include stlbs. Stubs which are to be replaced eventually withrunning code may conta'n a "no operation" instruction or possibly a displaystatement to the effect that control has been received. The process ofreplacement of successively lower level stubs with operational code continuesuntil all fun(tions within a system are coded and verified.
In top-down coding arod verification, the highest level element is coded first.Coding, checkout, and integration proceed down the hierarchy until the lowestlevels have been intoIratod. This does not imply that all elements at agiven level are developer in parallel. Some branches will intentionally he
138
*i 'developed early, e.g., to permit early training and early development ofcritical functions or hardware/software integration.
Many systems interfaces occur through the data base defintion in addition tocalling sequence parameters. Top-down programming requires that sufficientdata definition statements be coded and that data records be generated beforeexercisinq any segment which references them. Ideally, this leads to a sinqleset of definitions serving all the programs in a given application.
This approach provides the ability to evolve the product in a manner thatmaintains the characteristic of always being operable, extremely modular andalways available for successive levels of testing that accompany the corres-ponding levels of implementation. Exception to the top-down coding and integ-ration approach will be considered on a case-by-case basis.
Each computer program will be coded in a higher order language. Use ofassembly or machine language will be restricted to coding of certain executivefunctions where the higher order language cannot be used.
Real Time Structured Programs
An additional complexity in the IDAMST system is the Real Time, asynchronouscommunication of structured programs as tasks. Tasks are also organized as ahierarchy. Each task has a Controller Task which is the only task permittedto schedule or cancel the lower level task. However, any task is permittedto activate any other task in IDAMST.
4.2 Computer Program Verification
Computer program verification is the process of determining whether theresults of executing a computer program in a test environment agree with thespecification requirements. Verification is usually only concerned with thelogical correctness of the computer program (i.e., satisfying the functional/performance requirements) and may be a manual or a computer-based process(i.e., testing software by executing it on a computer).
The use of top-down structured programming techniques provide certain programcharacteristics that may lead to a simplification of the computer programverification process. Top-down integration of the program elements in a CPCIminimizes the use of complex driver routines and replaces them with actualproqram elements and simple program stubs. It also provides a system inwhich the computer program is continually being tested as successively lowerlevel; of proqram elements are integrated and the interfaces between proqramelements are verified prior to the integration of the next lower level.
4.2.1 Program Element Tests
Program elements are coded in the sequence required for top-down integration.When coding and code review are completed, each proqram element shall befunctionally tested in a stand-alone configuration by the programmer toassure that the element can be executed and that the specified functions areperformed. Since proqram elements are small and are restricted to one entrypoint and one exit point, the test environment is relatively simple.
139
4.2.2 CPCI Integration Tests
Following successful completion of the Program Element Tests, the programelements are entered into the Computer Program Library where they are subjectedto configuration control procedures. Controlled program elements are compiled/assembled, link-edited and the current CPCI version is made available forintegration testing. Integration tests are dynamic tests designed to verifyprogram functions and interfaces between program elements and with the database. The result is a complete CPCI for which all design features have beenverified.
The integration of program elements or tasks into the compiete computer pro-gram shall be accomplished in a top-down sequence. The highest level elementswhich contain the highest level controller tasks shall be tested and integratedfirst. These tasks are the Master Sequencer, Configurator, Request Processor,and Subsystem Status Monitor. Testing and integration shall proceed down thehierarchy until all program elements (e.g., equipment interface functions),have been integrated and the design completely verified.
An important aspect of integration testing of IDAMST will be the invocationand synchronization of the tasks, since these functions do not fall under thestructured programming rules.
4.2.3 Formal Software Testing
The purpose of formal testing is to confirm that the computer program performs
the functions and satisfies the performance requirement contained in the soft-ware requirements specification. Formal testing consists of PreliminaryQualification Tests (PQT) and Formal Qualification Tests (FQT), and are con-ducted in accordance with Air Force approved test plans.
Pre-Qualification Testinq (PQT)
PQT is an incremental process which provides visibility and control of theCPC development during the time period between the Critical Design Reviewand Formal Qualification Testing.
PQT consists of functional level tests, conducted at the development facility,and using Air Force approved test plans. These tests will use documented pro-cedures, completed by the contractor, and submitted to the Air Force Sufficient-ly in advance of the scheduled test session to permit review and analysis.They will typically use cootrolled inputs specifically prepared for the testpurpose.
A Pre-Qualification test will generally be conducted for each CPCI function.If a test's cost or time consumption estimates are significantly high, thetest will be deferred to FQT unless it is time-critical or performance-criticalto the development of the CPCI.
14U
5.0 PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY
Not applicable.
141
6.0 NOTES
6.1 Growth Items
The specified growth items were evaluated and the impact to the IDAMST con-figuration was assessed.
6.1.1 Joint Tactical Information Distribution System (JTIDS)
The Joint Tactical Information Distribution System (JTIDS) is a digital,secure, jam-resistant, communication system for real-time command and controlof combat operations. JTIDS is planned to interconnect the tactical and airdefense elements of all services, including surface and airborne command,control, surveillance and intelligence centers, Navy ships and combat andsupport aircraft. JTIDS will provide a high degree of interoperability bet-ween data collection elements, combat elements and command and control centerswithin a military theater of operations. Precise signal time-of-arrivalmeasurements, coupled with the transmission of emitter location, are used togenerate a common grid coordinate system containing the location of all activenet participants. The system uses Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) tointerconnect all system users into one common channel, or network, for distri-
rbution of information. Each authorized network element is allocated a dynamicnumber of transmit time slots within the network reporting cycle as needed forits mission. When not transmitting, each element monitors the transmissionsof the other elements and extracts the information as needed. Since the sys-tem is nodeless, survivability is enhanced and the system exists as long astwo or more elements exist.
The basic JTIDS system for any aircraft will receive, process and display in-formation to the crew and collect, convert and format its own data for broad-cast distribution to the net. The baseline JTIDS functions are shown inFigure 6.1-1.
As can be seen from Figure 6.1-1, the two obvious major categories are trans-mit and receive. Common to both of these functions are the elements of voice,relative navigation and Built-in-Test (BIT). A brief description of the re-maining functional elements is contained in the following sections:
Transmit Manual: These are the functions that would require pilot actions inorder to initiate transmission. Throughout this study, the functions underthis category were deliberately limited due to the constraint of a two-mancrew. The only two arcas recommended are:
o Mission Words - These elements are to provide key transmissions tocommand and control agencies. The messages would concern essentialmission decisions.
o Weather - This element would allow PIREPS from targets or criticalrendezvous areas. The pilot would only initiate inputs for visibility,cloud cover and cloud height. The other elements under this functionwould automatically be formatted from the navigation computer.
142
U21L. 10611W
19*1m uopllm TINll )
-so (out M) a All-11111 AM- I1 a
fa Aim M aT1la
mm ".m 411111111.
WTI"GUR 6.1-1m-1
L sum1"3Palm MaA4
Transmit Automatic: These are the functions that would be transmitted auto-matically as long as the system is operating. The major elements are:
o Radar (Air Target) - This transmission would provide the net informa-tion on a heretofore unknown hostile aircraft. The message would besent only after the pilot has locked-on an airborne target that is notbeing reported on the JTIDS network.
o RHAW - Any RHAW threat received that does not correlate with the threatsignals being reported on the JTIDS net would constitute a new messageto be formatted and transmitted.
o Status - The Elements under this function would automatically be trans-mitted, either continuously or intermittently, as the situation dic-tates.
Receive Tracks: All hostile, unknown and friendly tracks and positions aregrouped under this major function. The elements would be received, stored andformatted for display upon pilot commands.
Receive Status: The functions in this category reflect formatted commandmessages and information concerning the status and weather of various areasof interest. These elements would also be received, stored and formatted fordisplay upon pilot commands.
Unformatted: This category is for received messages that are free text alpha-numeric and meet no structured format. The functional area of these messagescannot be categorized as they are unlimited as to content.
The JTIDS computational requirements were analyzed and assessed as follows:
Words
JTIDS Network Processing 4,250JTIDS Message Processing 2,925JTIDS Message Control 1,525JTIDS Self Test 1,200
Estimated throughpuL requirements = 110 KOPS.
It is recommended that the JTIDS function be implemented with a dedicated pro-cessor because of the computation requirements. Additionally, developmentalefforts and interface requirements would be reduced with a dedicated pro-cessor.
Assuming a dedicated processor in the JTIDS system, the impact of interfacingJTIDS with the IDAMST system as a growth item is as follows:
o Data link between JTIDS and IDAMST processors via the multiplexeddata bus.
o IMK and DEK functions will have to be expanded to include JTIDS manualdata entry functions.
144
r-
o JTIDS display requirements will have to be incorporated into theIDAMST specified displays. Displays requirements fall within threecategories: 1) command data; 2) MAP data; and 3) miscellaneousmission data.
o IDAMST navigation subfunction will have to be modified to utilize therelative navigation capability of the JTIDS system. The accuracy ofJTIDS data will be dependent upon the accuracy of the transmittedposition and relative navigation calculation. The expected error ofthe JTIDS mechanization is expected to be insignificant; therefore,JTIDS relative navigation data may be used for updating if JTIDSstation positions are accurately known.
6.1.2 Terrain Following/Terrain Avoidance (TF/TA)
A limited TF/TA capability is reflected in the ground proximity warning systemmechanization which utilizes radar altimeter data and barometric altituderate. For a truly effective TF/TA system mechanization, a forward looking,TF/TA type radar is required to sense the terrain over which the airplane isexpected to fly. Assuming that some type of TF/TA radar would be installedto provide TF/TA capability, the following will be required to integrate TF/TA capability into the IDAMST configuration:
o TF/TA radar system control panel requirements have to be allocated toIMK functions or dedicated control panels.
o TF/TA radar display data would be interfaced with the digital scanconverter for formatting compatible with IDAMST CRT display devices.
o Interface between TF/TA radar and avionics system would include sta-bilization data to TF/TA radar, TF command data for input to theflight director command calculations for display.
o TF command data to the flight controls would be routed directly tothe flight control system to minimize data lag to enable close coup-ling with the flight control system.
145
6.143 Global Positioning System (GPS)
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite navigation system currentlyin development by the Department of Defense. In its operational deployment,24 satellites wili be orbited at about 11,000 nautical miles to provide Earthcoverage for navigation and weapon delivery. At least six satellites will bein view from any location. The satellites will broadcast their identity,position, and highly accurate time. User equipment will select the four mostappropriate satellites and solve four equations in four unknowns to displayto the user his position in three dimensions and time.
It is presently anticipated that the GPS will be developed as a TACAN hard-ware replacement with installation and interface requirements to be compatiblewith the AN/ARN 118 TACAN set. The GPS system will be self-contained with adedicated processor in the GPS system. A dedicated processor will minimizeGPS developmental activities in individual applications by specifying a stand-ard computer interface. Integrating the GPS into the IDAMST configuration
* will have the following impact:
o GPS controls and status will have to be integrated into the IMK func-tions.
o Data link between GPS and IDAMST processors via the multiplexed databus. Hardware impact to be minimal if TACAN provisions are utilized.
o IDAMST naviqation subfunction will have to be modified to utilize theGPS data, position and velocity, in determining the aircraft position.The expected accuracy of 100 meters of the low cost GPS will increasethe operational capability of the IDAMST configuration.
o Advanced GPS concepts to provide higher anti-jam capability if re-quired, for the AMST airplane, will increase interface requirementsfor directional antenna and inertial reference information.
146
10.0 APPENDIX I: HARDWARE/SOFTWARE SIGNAL LIST
The functional interface between avionics hardware and the mission softwareis defined in terms of a hardware/software interface. The hardware involvedin this interface is listed below:
Air/Ground SystemApproach Indicating SystemFire Warning SystemAutomatic Braking SystemFlight Surfaces Status SystemFuel Measurement SystemAvionics Power Control Logic SystemEngine TransducersMaster Caution SystemFlight Control/Avionics SubsystemsLong Range RadarRadar Altimeters
* Magnetic Compass* Inertial Navigation System
OMEGA Navigation System* Public Address Systemr HF/SSB Radio
VHF/FM RadioUHF/AM RadioIntercommunication SetUHF/AM RadioInstrument Landing SystemsLF ADFIntraformation Positioning Set (SKE)TACANUHF ADFInfrared Detection and Warning SystemFlares Dispenser UnitRadar Homing and Warning SystemIDAMST Controls and DisplaysIDAMST Core Elements
A detailed signal-by-signal printout for each hardware system is providedwith the following data available from each signal.
INPUT: Signals originating in the avionic hardware
OUTPUT: Signals originating in the mission software
SIG1NAL NAME: Brief description of signal
SIGID: Signal identification number - used for bookkeeping purposes
147
r
TYPE: Characteristic of signal interface
01 single ended discrete02 differential discrete03 switch closure open/gnd04 switch closure open 28V05 single ended dc analog06 differential dc analog07 single ended ac analog08 differential ac analog09 synchro10 serial digital11 pulse converter18 resolver
VOLTAGE RANGE: The electrical voltage minimum and maximum
PARAMETER RANGE: The particular parameter characteristics minimum andmaximum
SCALE FACTOR: The parameter relation to the electrical range
RESOLUTION: The percent accuracy of the signal
QUANTIZATION: The number of bits to which the signal is resolved
U/R: The signal update rate is a per second quantity
B/R: The bit rate is the total number of bits per second
The hardware/software interfaces were obtained by examining each hardware unitand listing its characteristics when the following conditions were satisfied:
o Avionic hardware signals which interfaces with other avionic hardwarelocated in subsystems other than its own.
o Avionic hardware signals which interface with mission software.
o Mission software signals which interface with avionic hardware, in-cluding controls and displays.
148
II
*1
- .4 - .-. -.
2 .4 CV .4 .4 .4 .4
a -
2
-C* 0
2,14 2
* 2 2
14- C,
~ 0 14C- U.
- 0
14 -3
74 II2
2 1.1U.4 0
14C,2
2
2
74
K
42 7*0.
C, C
* C C
0
Or ,~ 0.
C 4 7* - 77.
C C C' C' C C- C4. - 0.. C.. -
- iv - iv
.0 C C IU. 4* 7*
C' ~) C7 C' :' -,- t ~ 7
* it .-. , C, r
- S 4 , C C*4 .i -.7 *1
-. C.' V C' '*' 7.770 C it ,J .. .7
14~
I.
.:,
. -o ,,
I- F
r nI 0 , , ,
-J
'150
z -r -- -......
0|
0i
Q7 -
4
L,
I. C
* ftff
Lo C
.. . . ... . . . .. S S
L f - N . * |
II
q 0
r -7
* .4
7 4'
LU
7 52
-- - m -,
& N S S - -- * * S * - - - - * a1
'4. N NN N N NN N N
N NN N N N '
• a o
-
p .4
O. 4Y- 4 ' 4 -'4 4 .. ..4" S 4 4 D 4
- -' t O - -. ,4 C .4 .-' ' (4 44 44 . " 4 0 0 C 44 44
I ! 0 C 0 C' C C 4 C C 4 4 4 . C C 003 ' Cif -. ta C _ -
* C
a
- a,?C C
. > u n un uua
C ,= w 0c
-- - -o
155 ,
* . . ...... L
A C C . C C C t C) C C . II CII II I II II C- II . . . I[ II
IX 0 0D 0 W 0 40 .0 W V 0 0 W 10 C 0 0 C C C
m
w 0 In 0 a 0 0 0
- - -- - - - - - - -C
0
a C.
a
iL
o 5
..9
* A C. N N ~ ' N 90 9 0 90 '0 90 90 9~ 9 9 9 90 0 09 09 '0569
l
S.
0
* ~I.
a
- .
2~ .. "I * . . . . . . . . - - -
0
44
0v
1.4.
415
14
w
u
.7
C
44
m i
D. m
v
2 .- g
159
j7
W o W 0 AD 0 0 CD eN .0 0 0 0 10 40 Q o o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 El 0
ca
f 0 0 0 0 0 0 El 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 0 a a a
. -w ,4 ,; .4 .4.4i.' 4 .- -.- - - 4 - - -
C -
in
aa
4r,
jk
,.NC a,.J . .J .j_ .J
o C-
a.
UNJ
LI C - ' NC N'- - C N'. U' - U' I 16 0 ' . I C- O .4 I I P- U - 0) 4
- - -
--
161 "
01 i
.
i, Li
'r f:
Z 1
iiiii. i-i i II
IL
-i - C- N- C- N- - -' -0 - -n - -' - - - - -. - - - - . - - - -'
Jr ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 0 ClN , N a J a' N ( L ' a
al L i ~ ' ' ' ' ' f 0 a V 0
'- I N a ' a ' a
v I ~c'. a a a -163
'3
o L,
43Lc
3':
C
C .
a8
!3.3
-II.
(C - (C
* C'
,
.
*4
L+''
a-,, , , , + ,. , -
( " ? 4 - s , a- C . . . ..-
OC a- - a-a
65 "'
4. A3 CC 0' , Ci C C' .7 3 C ' Ci
C - ' - C 'C C C - C C' ' C -, 4 ' C C - C' ' I
-
:2
a
c 0
-.. J
~~ N N 0 0II, 0 0 0 0 0 0 N ' NN ?N, N0000000AD- - tIt Kt) , it )) ) "a ,t . .
it N N 0 0 0 0 .0 0 N N N N N N N N N N N 0 .0 10 000
N , i, it t t t t .
C- In)
C a- a a) - ait) * 4) 4) a
t aeat t
& Z -N * 00 0
a a- It
:t i167
-I,
~ C N N C C C- * N N *1) *
& N N N C C 4'
D
2 74.4-4.4 a
7a
4 21
Cii,
r -21 0a. a34 ~
IL
C0'
a-
0.
C
23 Li
4.4 *J- 00' 0'C
> 4,0' -- t- 4, ~' 0'
C 0' 7' N 4 o *0'- ,'. N 44, 43 41 N
I 4-'. 4-) 4-' C' C '4I'a I '-. 4 A
'i0
168
+r -- . . .]. . .. . C, . . . . . ..0. . . .= . . .. . -L _ - ., .. . . ... . . -N 4 4•
4 4 4
I
N V~ ~12 C C
C C C
0m
Cm
ai- C
S-
o .4
-J -!
0.
.1 t
- }, C- _--
- 0
.. 6
+ r=1w
I.
4 0 0 C" N F--. '~ S S * * S S N N N N N N C 'aN , ,_ -- - --- 'C' N ~ F' F~ C~ ~ s- a-
N ~
S e.~ F-.j CN~ c~ CLi N j- ~ * S * * (C) N N N N N C *N NN~rr'~N-) *C' F) a' F- ~.,
2 a a ~C fl oC 'Cr '0 - - -*
* 0)'0 4 - N 4 N 4 4 a a- 2 z -: 2 2 2 2 2 2
C C
0~ -a C, Lia a.
CI N CC N 114 I L Li N7 0 C CC 4 7 7' 7Li&t44L0L Na-NCa N a a' N aN a C a>00 ONONON.
0
S
a: C4 4 N N 4 4 4 < 4 a a 4a 2 2 2 2 2 2 a-
o oN - a a
- Ci C N Li Li '0 Li LiC C' Fl N C) C' C C 4C C' N N N N NC' 4 4 Li Li Li -.- 0 Cl N C' Li4 X Li C. C Ci C C a C ~*, C' C. (, ~j'N N N N N N 4
2 LiN C' N N N C) -fl 2 C~ 2-C' C 0 -
* C- 0 a. a N a a -----
* -. 0 C Li C N C C. a. '0 '0 '0 '-C 0* C
a S a a aC.
C, c N C'
4 1 0 ~
O"Li0NCr N N "1 F-C .-C .-C S S S C CC 5-
C N -, S C 4 F- C) C~ .5 N Q' C- N C- S N N S N4 'C 4 4 '0 2 a F-) N N (C F-- S
- *' N *~C - S 1) *-~ -L~ N N N. N N N C'. N. C'. N. -' 'N N N N N
C- - ~- C a' C- C- a-C' N C- Li C.' - I
C- - - ,,, F-* C:
- I I *- .- I 0-. ---) 4 . -4 - . -Z -,C., - --------- I- - -- N N C- IC -'
'S Cl F- 7 CC) .. Ul4'.- IC 1 N* -, C- -' N N 'Li -~) Ci 'A ,-n 4
170
* I -,4 , -
o
,)
Sl
...
a C
a C ,)
- -
,-.i C - o-
a - 7 -. 'C' .
171 ~ ' '> C'
4
a a
N
C, ; - .- 4-,,o '-; .. . 4 . ..
Li C72
I- C I I-
07. - - . .
> )
In)W
C) CL CL Li ci L
1 1
~173
7 -,
. 0
L C
C Cr
r --
s. 04C CC
CC li7t
a - .. o-
- - -a
Lit
z
- 0
o Li
CI'
U
: In
0j c0 . 0 . 0 . 0 MC 0 .0
C~ C, In -, .4 .
V5 4 0 4 . 4 C 0 N N .
N L44 .4 .
2 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ C C 4 * * 4 S - N 4 .
C~ ~ -1 4 4 0 4
e4
17
2 C N N0 2
16
- N
ar
u
0w C
I.,
it a
A- 0
177 "
*1>0 S S
C 41
0 N N
3 Aj NC C~ C'
a
a
04,U'0
0. 07 -
-J
4,
4-. 5.C7
r
0.
C
0
4. 4..
01
2~0
4- 54
ID 4- *1
3 44 vs a
o .- '2 '4Us O~
178
;fl
C -
a
0
• -* 79
I
C,180
U N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N y N, IV f.
of N N N N N N N N N N N N N
ot
ti to t oto$ o .1 I 1
Li w , L o w L
0. Ca C. a -a a a. a. aCa a a aL a. a a a_ a0 aII 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N 0 0 0 0
-1 it 11 1 I 1 1 o t 1
ID 0D a z r a a o a a 0 0 0 0 0 0 b 0 9 C oL
to 13 1 1 C ZC - L, Z3* 1 3 13 1 3 1 3 13 C 1 1, 3 13 1
LII
118
* a-g
p at,
-a
a
Li i- C
Li Li,_N
a- C C *- C- l
N i i a': "
FPAD-AO83 113 BOE ING AEROSPACE CO SEATTLE WA BOEING MILITARY AIRPL-;ETC F/6 /
COMPUTER PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT SPECIFICATION FOR IDAMST OERATION- ETCU
NOV 76 F33615 76-C-1G99
UNCLASSIFI1ED SPEC-SB-4042 AFAL-TR-76-2GB ADD 2 NL3 hhhhh.
-E[7hhEEE
= xw- -. - .4 - - 9* -j .4 .4 .4 - 314
w Iu( u0uI
r w411 2 4l Z I 2 C 2a 2. 2. 27 (1 z & -, 2 22 2.
)LO C 00. 4
I u I . ' - ~ A - A . . - Ar a~ u U U U L 54 54 1 U 54 I0z . i L . i Li L . i 54 L i L
4 5 ~ L Li f~f Li U L L 4 I 4 i U L
61 2 z 2 2 . z5 zs fz I z 2 z z 2IH 25 2 zto Lil :.) z D Z) n n = = Z) z :) m =iO~.1 c24 a c4Z 24O4 424oc2424242424295 0. O4 4 5 2D 5 3 51 C 02 5 C O D W It
ce'a' c c ct 3 4- 6 o 0 p t D u
ty L, t ai r w w cQ )0 0 0 a
0 c 1 .ll ol 4 . Ix . a- 0. . lL CL 01. It 0 C
V. In In t"' 1. m ~ InC C ) C C C f C )
4 4
*~ v f C C C l 0 0 C 0 0 I
o -.4 .4 .4 4 .4 .4 u.4 IV .4 . 4 . 4 . 4 .
4
r 0 C5. V, V- V- - V.
1. ) 40 . ; C w w. v. L0 0s x
S . .4 .4 4 ' .4 '4 . 5) . '4 5ff '4 4183 A
4 N 4 y em N y N 4 N 4 N N j N II y N N N N I" IV if N " N 4 ft i " C4
C tv m N Y N y N N N N fm N Nm N N N N N N N ft if Nf i
CL
a
40 C4. IVIM- 'C
In ttI V
184
4 * f~t. p
U E~i S
S
£ ftO
2 - -
4
0
ft 0
*-j0
hi
4 UI-
U0. 0U S.-- U
4S..
I..-J4US
hi
74U
UhiI-Li5.
C.
0a0
hiin 0C Li
a- Li .5 5hi 5, 0. ftift 4 0
- '. U~ .-j C., I~o e~ .~ 0.- , 0 0
4
C. ~ -~2 5-~ -&So 0 ~ -)Li ft t
s~ 0 0hi ** * *5-
5t it, -,
p
K-J ~
- *~, S
* *C C- 0
C, .* S -C, C.
.5 5* 4Ci 5 ft
75 .- 1.3 iii IA U- 5 i
CC IA
185
IIa
w
C
41 .
c aU C 1
a n 4l.l t
m A I
lc- 1a aU
'186
...... ......
W)
w .4 14 -Ir. 10 a n-
-I
4
4-1
C to
13 o
4. A
£
4 0 6
* -
q 0g
-.-€,
0 U f ¢
4lS.8
for 0 v 0 c 0 C S Q c 0 c 0Q Pc aV cd P d P 4 P d P
0 0' 0' ' a' a' 0' 0' 0' 0 a
0' a' ' a' a' 0' ai 0' a
az z - .z .5 z4 - z z .S - - u S - u 5 u S ' p 4 - 4 - p 4
z 4 - . . P 4 .
IL
IL 1It 1 A z 9 z z z z z0
vs w W . ) J WW- W Ww w 4
a. In -n Ci In -1 Wb q - '1 a .9 x . a Cv 1& .0 I C- n I
4A 00 00 v 0 0 0 0 s v & a 0 a 0 0
. 0 c. a wC a I0 0 a00 0 0 Q 6.
K
.18
It on 0" 33 N N 43
61N N N 0 N N N ~ 0
of of It 11 toN 0 4
z z 2 z z z 3
0a
N 0
a 30 3 0 30 30 a
It.
N( 3.
OU 0., C
A19
'A6j
a d C d C ~ d d C d C d C
Ar - c - 0-- - - - Cof I 1 I 1 of i 1 1 1 1
q La
a . 0 C
4 - 2 0 2 0 z 2 z 2O 2 z 211 Li Li LI L i L i L i L i
cll o 0 t o - C) .4
w1 I S N I I I I I I I I S
L
10
I.L i
& & (. & 0
z c zz zzo 0 0
0) I 0a W ) 0 m W
00 0.0m4 D
-9 R 6 C C
-aW O - J " "w A
fo wLNJ of , N I t, I
N 1.3
a.191
4 "4.
--0
45
hi'
- Li
S ~ ~~~~ It 11 .4 1 l i 4 - - - . 0 c 4 N N N Nit% is of
2rz zzoj La .4 W4 >4 >4 .4 w4 w4 .4 . 4 - . 4 - - . w N
ILC. CL 0 0 0 nC
*~ ~ 0 .4 11 %4 % .4 a4 .4 . 4 . 4 . 4 . 4 - 4 . 4 . 4 . 4 -% % .40 0 4
z 4
a .4
% C I II I iC
. 0 If s u u ui u i 0 uI ui u
4 0 0 a 0 .44 0 0 0>. > w. or mn wn 0 in0 0 a 0 0 0. 0.
inn urn nr L) Vrn on I+ + + + ) + C) C' C 0 0
In m 4 W) n4 In W) wo 01 In on In 'oI In
Lo i I " . 1, t WC V M, W
1- V
C2j
m Li 1 s L-j0
0 z c .Sil W -w Z:l n4
C3 c l : 2
4 5 4-. 4 C.
192
14
II0, C, it4
-1 it 4
0
0. C
4194
a
.j C . 4 . 4 - . . 4 . 4 46 . 4 . . 4 . '4%
-
N4 0 1 o
10 1.-1o 1 19u u u uis i 1 If 1 t i
z z
%a 4 D0a-D 0 0 aI
* .4 4 .4 .4 . - .
or4 . 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 . ( . C (r C 4 U U U U U 4 B 4 44 44 4 4
- C C) :3a u 0 w w v uIof Z. le 44 Z, a: C, 44* 0 4I4,C
0. '4% a0 -a v -6 06 In 0.. S N
.4 M IL 0, m C C C CCIL 4 4 0 44 a a 0 0a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 44 40
44.
C.A w n m mS
cc
a4 0 - 1
In a.- 2 1 1 . wcCX4 (L
(A J4 4.4I C y ) -i a 0 C
195
4 NN NN NN NN NN IN N m N N N N N N N N N N N N N
I -- 44 - . -. .4 . . . . . . . . .
atJ 0 c c ac c 0 a a 4 c 0 a 0 a c1-
v La 10 0 00 a 0 C3 40 0 1-1 a40 44 0 04 40 40 0 z z z .
I N N N N .0 If, 9 N N N 0 0 In N In N N n A N % 4
It 4 It 1 4 46 It I 44 Li 0 It 1 I t to 11 I t It If 01 1 04 1. it u4 L i 4 ul C, 0 c) 0 c ) ) a C) ) 0 a C, C) c c c 0 Cl c 0 0 0 c Ci 0 0
u 2 2 z z z z z z = z 4 2 2 :T 2 2 z 2 2 2444 lb 444 0 4 1.4 444 14 4 42 1.4 42 4.4 42 .2 2 144 44 44 44 4 42 4.5 40 44 0 In
44
cc4
19
4 t0 ,0 r Q c
0 4
N 0 0aa
444, z l' 2 1 0 c a. 2 0 2 t- 0 2l 2
o~1 u ,L ~CC5' 40 40 444 40 40 U to U ~C1 U o t o t o 0 4 0 4 0
4- L- C. 1 ItC ) C C 2 2 2 2 2 2 C C C1.0 .l 2 4- - 4- 4 - 4. 4. 4- - po~~~~~~~~ Q3 44 ) 4 0 40 4 0 4 0 0 4 n 4
a 2 4. 4 4 C 0 44 4 4 * 44 44 44 44 * 4 4 4 4 4 4 1960
I£ Pd Pd P4 Pd Pd
- - lii WI 10* - - WI iS
£ , 'C Pd Pd Pd- - WI WI
* C. P.. - - -4 - -
a
8C
S S.
0Uhi
p..
ft £* I- 0
~ I-O Li
4I,.
-i4UWI
Li157
4 8W' LI'a P.-i LI* 8
2' 4ft U4 .05. 82
0 LIWI LI
I,U, 7., 4
O LII,
- 4S..
o 0C.
LI0- C. - - WI .0 .0- ,. - -4 P.KUo 0 .0 S.. WI WII.. -. WI 4 10 Wi -~ 'I'.4 e 0 0 CI C CK C, C) CI CI WI
VI $ K * S K
ft
ftI- I- ~
o a -
p ft .~ .. N.
* LI 4 LI LIft K - LI -~.4 0 .1 ~J.W 0 I.. 0 ii U.2 - *~ S. LI U'
V C' 0 . tI II (.1- 7 4 LIWI ft U 10 4 P.
197
-C-
2 - - - *
U) 0
K -. *4 ~-S
2 - - - *4 (II
0
5 2a*
a10Li
rI-
KQ. 02 I~- U
4
10
LU24K
KLi
K
Li1~7 'I.U) InK I
LI 4I~ *
* II- ~ $4- .J - .4I CI2 > C'2
-. Li.4 WI -,- a
* ~-* *. 4 - 1$* - -~ ~I -
~ C. C' C C4 - .h 4 4 ~I'LI LA * S I S
Z1V -
'9 IU J
.1 *4 L~'4 I.' II I WI
4 119 19 CS .3 Li *.. -.
.4C - 'I
LA I'
9- *- 1 CIK Li C
'198
£ if if
Si 0 0
£ 4 4% - -
~ if if00
30
-Iq 0
Shi
* £
I.
~ S- 0~o U
4
hi-I40U
hi
24S
Shi
S
S
A.
* hi
a,
hi U Li', C C
4 4 ~
- -J a, a,* 0 S S
S
2 ~ 0 0* S- - -
* ~ p.. 5
2 '~ ~. 04 - .~ .0Li 50 4 9
-J -J
4 00 0
* 4 7
* 7 Li hi
7 0 .5
- hi hi
*55 5-5- '399
- *~ .
14 44 6 6 0 6 .0S.
* - * a a * * -* -C - - .4 - - .4
0
C,
o-JU,wa
~ aL 0I I
4CL,
I4
a
V. C.9- 1
*24 C.4 a
4
aW 1.1
0 CC C~.4
C. CL
.4 LI
CC CC'
U ~i
C.C 0
C,
LI a 4. 0. .4 .4 .4~ 0 C'
c C- .4 9- 0, C~ 4.C. 01 .4 .4 * I'
- lb C.. 4. 0 0. 0 C 0* -. p.. p. 9- 9. - 9- 9.
14 .4 9 1 * * p 0
-r 7 C N LI4. .4
4 0 Ca o 4-
fl C. 1 4 1 r -
IA A 1) CA V CL
- C. .4 4. 4- .4 p. -)
200
U Cd Cd
4
U U Cd
N0
04
qU
I-
a. s4 S. 0
~ 5-a U
4hi.
-J4'4
.4U
U5~N4U
UUC-U
C. K* 4
ii.o 44 C.
24
UU U Ua ~ C
0 7 7 ~
ii. U C
2 '4 4o ~- 4 ~.,I- 5- L~U -~ ~~.J 4,
C
U 4. J J
4
o a 5 WI- - c~ 04
44 C4 - F. C.
U
I.
- 44
aC ~ ~
* 0. -
* 4. 4-F, U
.3 -4 . .4* U .~
-4- .4 ~ U S
201
a,.0 t
A 0
cc0
2 7
or0
16.~
to 4. c 41 V
0 4 0 0 L
W- - - w
u z CL za0 z V- wa 0
3Z2Li 0 0 I0 i0lI
L 000 030 Oi0 C,
2~~~ ~~ 32C)5. 0. m m
.2203
cr .0 10 In In mi W
01 It lt it ItI
1 0 1 0 in C0 P0 1 N N N
It Vi Vt B
0 ~ . - > > , > 4 - I
"a
ri 0
20
J a ,
a>
C
61
9L
6 0
z0 a
P~~9 1 - 0 0
,
Si II
mc
i | I 2I 5
-J 0 0o- o
U , C C
Li EUN-
U
' 205 I2q
it 1
c i
_j
f- 0 a
mI No IIo
a.
o ~~ Vcm (i Ci i i
4A'
i20
II-. 0 0 f
-j a 0 0ti
CL
hi
91
a20
- - - -
61
> m~ a 4i 6C w (LCC CL M 0 m M a. CL a. . a. M V) :3 D = m
C, Z. 2 L a a Z 7 C. 2 Z 2 0 Z Q 0 0 0 ccCL C 04 0 a lc w4 =. m x 4 I C 1 .. la 1.
4~~~ 0. 14 1 0 0 f 0 0 c. 0 0 0 wl 0 0
0. 0 a, a, z 0 0 4 2
u .- 0 C, c Q 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
D 7) 0 m D 2 2 z0 0 c C w 0 'C a 0 0 0 0 61
0 0 C1 0 0 0 0 0 u 0 C 0 C m W 0 0 C 0
Cli 0 C I. in , ~ 0 0 10 0 O 0 I~0 CI 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0a
Co C .-cT I
0 a
20
cc 4 4 'A 4
C,
61
L2
* 0nor
0. 0r) Wr a- ne
.20
I
M IL CLc a
2 2
LL u
II.
1210
i if of z .
4a 0 LO
61
ta
In 0
* 211
I
1C 0 0 0 .~I 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0'. 0 C N 112 4 N C 0 N N02 - - - -
C 0 0 0 0 .4 0 0' 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 - - .0 - - .4 .4 .4 %0 .4 = - I' - .4 -O II - ..I .4 .4 .4 .4 .1 *.4 ..I
0
20
oIn1.2C
a4 C a
- 0~ -o *.I
-j412 1U'
1.2
7
C
- LIIII *!'
4 I~O .4LI -
II ~J
C C. 41 .4 0 LI Ifl 0 .4 4) .4 0 0 0 .4 .4 .4)
0 UN .4 .4 0. 01 ~ N 111 0 .4 4~ C U' C .4 09 CC N I~ N .4 .4 Ia IN #2 .4C C Cl C. C~ C C C Cj 0 C C a. .4, C LI S C
'A. C 21 11 21 12 2~ .4 .4 10 N *C .4 .4
Cl IN 21.4012
Cl C)'4 ~ U C. LI C LI
* 1- - , VI IN 0 4) It,S ., -~ a a. .' - *- 1.2
- '4 *. I, .2 .1 ~ IA. IL IL IL IL
III .4 .4 L 4 *t 211 .4 1.1 L.L ..1 l.A
212
a'-..
..
28 .4 it .0 It It 0 4z
li w L w t
0
-j0 f 1 1 t 1 f i
IL
M.a a a a Q. C- CL m m.
~ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
U z 2 2 z Z! z 2
21
41
IIIDI
Li w 4 0 0 6 4 0 4 4 C
11
13S A 4
44rE
4 L
C35
x I > 04
0
sr CC c e
LIn
2214
I- * * * * * * * * * * * * * * a a a a a a a a a a a a a a
U
K 0 0 0 0 a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a 40 U * C U*1~
* - - .~ .4 - - - .4 - - .4 - - .4 .4 CI r4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 - .4 .4 -
0
.40
-I0
A IAhi
4 P.
0.0a ~-4 LI
4
hi-J4UIn
4.1
3.4IC
KLi4-4.,
4
4
C
146 43
2
.4
44Lb4
- .2
K0
.4 14C. .4 vi .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 - .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 CI - .4
44 IoICC
Cl *1 .4 4 IV .4 .4 49 4- IV VI .4 49 4. IV' - .4 .4 4- .4 .4 49 hi F. 49 - .4 .4 4.C. .4 49 .4 .4 .4 .4 ID ID III U'- 4. 4. 4- 4- 49 49 144 a 0' .4 49 SI 01 .4 .4 .4 .4
114 43 .4 Cl C C~ C C CI 0 Ci C Cl 0 0 0 .41 0 0 3 0 0 C Cl .4 .4 .4 .4 - -* C. 14'. .4 .4 .4 49 CI .4 49 IV, 49 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 vl 49 .4 49 49 .4 .4 vi .4 .4 .4 49 IV.4--------.4 - .4 .4 .4
.4 .4 4 0 0 .4 4 4 0 .1 CI 4 0 0 4 Cl .4 4 0 CI 4 .4 C' .0 4. a aS 3 4~ .4 - .4 .4 - CI 3 .4 .4 .4
LI LI - LI 441 (14 LI Li LI LI II. Li 141 IV LI 4)4 14 LI CV 49 44 CI .4LI .4
.4 U 44 U 4 4 LI 14 Li .4 U 4 U .4 4 LI .4 4 LI 4 4 Li .4 .4 .2 .4 4 4
IC 4. 14 4. 4- 1, 1. .. I~ 4.- LI
* .4 .4 LI Ii Ci 4.1 4143 Cl LI II Ci LI II 41 414144 (1 44 1.1 42 41 41 44 Li CIl - - I, A fl A 41 C 49 II C A 14 VI A fl II .4 A II - C 11 A a a n
.4 43 CI - 4 £ IC S .4 49 .4 .4 .4. 49 .4 .4 .4 3 .4. .4 IV 4 49 IC .14 .4 3 .44 Il 4.9 41 4) 41 49 49 149 LI
.4 14 4 Li - LI - .. - 41 .. C ~4 Li Li .L IL iC U LI LI LI LI Li CI 49* 1) 4. Ci C - - *l .4 I- I C A 0 - CI C - Cl 13 - C) Ii C' 41 4.1
-. -- 49 C v> 4 4 .4 .4 S 49 49 . 49IV C I 1 1 1 t I 1Cl .4 CV C) C Cl .4 0 CC CC 6' 1~ C) C. 0 C' C C) .3 C .4 Cl C 141 39 .4, .4 49 -
4.1 .4 CV 414 III .4 CI C) .4 .4 CI .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 44 441 144 CI .4 141 114 Ci .4
215
.4..
4* 4* -D D* 4 .0 4* 4 40 0 .0 4* 40 * .0 .0 4* a* a* D* 4* 4* 4* go
z~~- - -- -4 -4 -4 - - - - - -
In .
*C )V u i
In 4, I
IV I V t
It N, I
4 21.
.
* n ~~~- - - - - - -f4. - - 4 .- -
CL
W
6A
hiiUv
5217
.r o
a f
* I 4
20
01
II
* .4 .4 .4 .4 - .4 .4 .4 - .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 - .4 .4 .4 .4 - .4 Cd.4 - .) Cd
41
U .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 - .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 - Cd
2 .4 .4 - . .4 .4 . 4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .1 - .4 .4 - .4 .4 .441 - - .4 -
a
20
4 .4C-U4.1U
4 I-
ft UC- 0~ -o 4.)
'4.
a41U.4
U
4.1U
if
'ifP
41.4 .-4 ft U- C--. ~' C P
- 1 * ~I * 41 0
'I C C-. 4 C' 4 0C- p
.4 a. -~ 4 C, ICC CC CC -~ Cl ~ ~ ) '~) ~ ~ C' 4 41 0 CC CC CC 4 0 .4 'IC CC ft
C. -PC.
C. 0' IC - A. tC~ ICC 0 a .C (S ICC S Ifl 4 CC C C- 0. .0 C N 41 Cl 04CC CC C C---------------------04 N -
CA 3 CC C C' C. C C' C.. CC CC CI C C' 4.. Cl 4.. 44 C C' C CS IC 0 CC IC, C C' 0 CC*----------C-'----------C S * S * * S S S S S S *
. ..I -J .4 4.1
C C. I 'C C. A 'C 4 I C V 4 4 C., 4 C' '.1 IC 4 LI 4CC 0 IC) 1. 44 CC C if - ~.C if - 1.1 CC
C - ICC . CC .1 CS C- , Li I/C - CC C4 CC' .4- IC IC C "C 'C C 4 C IC
*IC .' IC C a C '-'I .1 C ..C. . . . - *I - ..* 'C IC~ 4~ *~ -4 C' IC -, I 13 -C C.) C. CC . 5 44 L~ .4 4 ~. C
-, C C C CC. . . C - 'C C'C I' IC .~ - C'- .1 .4 C 4 .4 .4 '- - - - - - - - '4 C. N 0 0. .4
C, IC C - 4 *C IC* CI C..C. 1.4 ..C CC IC' .IA 4 -4 .4 4 4 Cl -.... 144-.S.4-.I A ..
219
IC-
1ft N CCC N N N N N N N o o C C 0 0 C C 0 0 C C C 0 C C C C CN CCC N N N N N N CC. N ft ft ft C C C CftC
r N N N N N N N N N n ~ C 0 0 C C C 0 0 0 C C C C C C C CN
ft 0 0 .'C - - - - - - -
a
0
C
ft
a a- CC2 C-
a u IftCC
L IK
CC ft C C C C-ft CC C. ft C' -' ft
~ ft * ft C CCCC- CC- a ft ft C) C CC' C ftPC - CC JC JC
- .j a U * - - C C N N C~
* CC C. C C. C C
- C) CC. Ct ft ft C ft CCC ft ft PC CC ft CCC ft 0 CCC
ft I S P C - S N - N .. C. 'P CC -' N * CCC C CCC C~ * CO ft CC N g- N - C * C) C CCC- C-C C C~CC 0 0 ft N N N
C C- CC C C C ' 0C.,C~CC-CC'CCC-.C.C C C C- CC CC C CI .' C - C A 'C . ' C. C. PC ft PC ft PC
- * CCC CCC N
o C C
C 'C C~ CC CC' CC' CCC CCC 'CC CA C-' CA CCCC *-, - .-. CC C C A ft C C P N C C N
PC .' - - A - - C-ft - CC C I S4CCCCCICCCCCC C C
C C' C -, C- -' . ' C/C CC) C -CC C/C CC' CCC ft CA CA CA 0)
CC C ' - - CC C - CC CC I CC C) CC 'C CL CC C) 0 a- -. C- A p C C . C t'C C C J CCC 'C' ft CC
220
I
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0
K 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 - .4 - ~4 - - - - .4 - .4 .4 .4 PC .4 - .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4
a
I
0
4-
-J0.4
K
a-
a. ~
o U
I'
I-
.4U.4
.4
.4K
K
'-4K
K
4.4
wK
4.~
0K U0.444, 4.44.3 4 44, .4 44 .4 444 441 .4 144 .4 V4 40 .4 '0 "4 ~4 144 .4 '4 44 40 .4 40 .4 4 .4 4 .4 .4o 4.-
Ka o .4' 0 0 N * .4' a C. N S .4, 54 .4 N S ~44.4 C 444 N 44 .0 444 4-' 44 4,4 .0 0 C4- '.4 40 4> .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 0 0 44 44 44 442 4(4 444. (4 .,U n4 .4' .444 .44 4.444 0 (2 C C- C 4. C 'C C. C 4. C.' C. C 4. C 42 4-4 C. C. C 4- 0 C. 0 0 0f0 4 0 'p 4 V n 4 0 V 444 44, 4', C; 444 -, 4n. 42 424 V 14. 40 .4 40 444 142 .4 4.4 .4 .4 .4
C.
.4 .4 444- ... N 44' 0 0 C) 0 C 0 0 44 C C'
.44 .4 .4.4.4.4.44.4.4 .4 .4 * ,.4 .4 - 42. 01 .4. N 4.4 N ('4 424 N 0. 444 N 444 N
V .4 44 44 ~4 Zn 424 24 nO '44 C. 4 24 01- - .n 4- - - S .- .2 -, - 4- C
4. in 444 4.44 4-4454 4- -- C -C .4 -.- *44 LA 44~ .4. 42 44 444 24 144 (C 04 4,4' I'S - - 4.- A A 01 424 44, 01 4.- ... - - -
44 4444 .4 4.) 4.4 4-4 4,4 4.4 4-4 nn 4-, .. 4' 44 44 .4 44 4 .4 '4 4 4..4 4.. - '4 n) 4-4 '1 42 44 4- '4 4~ 4-4 4- 4..4 On .4 .4. 44 .. a nr n 44 44 .4- 4 2. 4 .44 0 01 04 4, .244. 42,
444 5 C V 44 .44-' (4 4-4 4.4 - 4. .4 .4 . 4 4 4 4.4.4(4 C. C) 4- 4.4 L~ 44 4.4 4-
C C. S - N 4. - .4 4. 7 .4 4,4 nfl - .- .4. nx C K 44. 4 -'4 * a a a444 44' 44 4. 444 U .4 4.4 CL 0 4.. 4 . U 4-n 3 4.44 444 .4 444a44 44. 2(4.1 .44 4 44
221
4.- -- --
]lr .! "
.. . . . . .. *-r1 l . - - - " • . . r . ... .
C c C C .i C C C 0o Co C C C o ,C C C, Co C Co C Co Cz Co Co C C C
CI
,,,r. tt C C C C C C C C C C C
Mi Mi-i .
S,
to
*222
16
IL
0 0o 0D 0p C 4 0 C C 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C EM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 "
.
£ 0 D a k 0 0 0 a m0 n D
- g-
223
.. . .... . , = ,, .... . i
cc . C "D C 0 C 0 Q 0 C C C a C C a C C C a C C.
cc.4
t-6a
2
C
Li
SI-"
o O
S-
CM
'42
CI..4 N . W
o "... ..4 S, .. m)
%i - - - - - - -4 .
&&
o 4 ~' C ii. S '0 0) 0 ('4 C t ~ i , it 0 10 0 S 0 &1 I l~ . C f
Ln4 n c c a ~ r .. 0 - i~ 2 .4 i) F - .. t L
(4 . S I I LI I 5- 24 . C) 0 C 0 i 0 0 0-
1 @4 44 I 4 1 4 4 14 44 C 4 4t 4 Nm -% fu 4 Y -l N4 -y ft ft N r
a
2.
C,
a a4
4225
C a /
2 I- z z 0 0 a 0 0 0 0
CLa 0. IL In In In 0 'n 44 0, ,
c4 C3 a4 C3 0 0 a c a 0
LAz z
7
1. 0
I I a AC z 0 . 2 2 2 2 C
V, .0 . a C ,4 44 A' I' .4 . A 44 .
4- 2 2 7 . 0 0 0 0 0 0
LC LL1 X
-~ ~~~ ~~ ~~~~~ -j" C l * 4 ( l .4 . AC
0 22-
.. . . . .. . ... ... . . .
CL N Nt Nf N N N N N N N N N,r z.z
ta
w
La
ID IDIo
InLiW
cc
0. 0 A VI V) V) W 1I 44 'A DI if
7 T UI I1 i av C
227
CK 4 N4 N Ny ft N N N N N N NY N N Nt N N4 NY Ny l N NV N #4 #4 N mii
tiI 1 tza
w w w N w NL 9 N N N N N N N #
a - .. - -, -0 -0 -. 0 0 0
2) 99 C C t i. t a C C L m C a a L
6 0 0 C0 , 0 0 0, 0- 0 0 0 a 0
- 4j
1' '
*
a 2 2 2 2 .2 2 .2 2 2 28 aa 2
to If t f i t 11 1 0 1 f 1
IL. C. C. & a. > > > > >0 & 0 II 44 44 II C44 IS 04 II II In 04 I
t 0 Q 0 0 0 0U 2 z z z z 2 n 2 2 7
to In Li 40 3 5 50 SD 1 0 1 0 0 w0 0 4D
.
01
u V
tUw>r, >
& CL t r 0 0 0 0 u0 C, t'5 2 a 2
ed n. C, r. C , r0 z z k d. z 2. L 0 I
49 > 0 S 11 Z I:" In c; rl V) .U J U U U U 55 .0 25
C C. 0. N C C 0. V 5 2'. 0 C C C UV, c 0Q ) 0 0 N U U 4, L .5 U U U 2 5
W, T
ho 2 S 2 .5 2 14 7 7 7 7 * 5 7 7 7 4 2 55 4 2 .2294
- 4 . 4.4 - - - - - .4 . . 4 .
0 0
* ag
a
22
g - -
S S ° a a a a " a a S " " " :. . : :: :. : .: .:
r
* hJ£
r - a
-;-l, 4 . . . . • ,, . .
_ i= ..
I ~~~ ~ 0 ** 0 W~ 0 0 0 40 V 0D V0 C 4)0 V a w 0a
• ,J
cc 2 It I Q .0 44 ' 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00
o0
o .. 1
01-'
-4m) 2
CL
.. .. 91 . .. le,
232
0!' 0
.. . . . . . . . . . . .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - -
u
a a - a a a a a a a a 'a a a ' a a a a
a.0%. ao c CILzC xz L2mz0 7 -- Ltoo o o oo& 0
z z z.
wi w w w w CK w m w a m w w m w 7 w w
z a, z 22 2 7 7 z z? 0
QI. a, t" a- L - m - Il 0. C t & a m C.
0 D 0mm 1- M-4i~ -Lf -,..- C
9, '1 I L ii a I I a II C9 2 ii 2 I .2 i . . . i2 I
23
C. C'
m 04
0r
10 10 1 C I'e
C C C C 42
C 7 7 C234
pp
~ :: eU * .0 6 .0 6 6 6 iS .0 .0 .0 0 .0 '0 .0 .0 40 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 4 .0 10
4... .4
2 - - S ~ * S ft .0 iS N ft 4 .4 - - .-. - .. - - .-. s * N N 5* - - - - - - - - 4.4 05 ii) 0 - - .4 .4 -, V)
*4443
C
-JC'444.4
* S
a'4 0. Ca -
- Li.4
I--I4U'ii
24
U'4
4.K4a'
0.
hJN N
S 7 74 0 -U 'I a-
* S0! Li Li0 Li L4 Li C)* 4 4 Li a. N0- 5 5 0
ft 4 N Ii, V)o 4 4* N N N Ci S S
~i 0. 4 .0 0" 0' 0' 0' a o 0 0 0 0 N C, fl C, A ' N N 4- 0' 0' 0 0 - - V
0.C N N 0 0' C 0' VI 0' 4.1 N - N N ir C 4-- 4 a- 1 it' N 0) 4 N. N
Li - Si S' N .4 4., V 4 0 41 - N - 0 ft a ci N 0' 0' tO N - 0 N 0 N N N44'. 445 0 0 0.400.404.. C) C 0 Li C. 0 Li .4 C. C - - C C Li Li C Vift -. 0' 0' * ± 4.21 0 0 0 in C, 0 4 .21 .0 a-i a-iN 441 -, .4' N N * s C a' 5' 0' a, C N N N N N N N N N N N S S S S N
CN Cf
4. 4 0 - Li.4 4- . &
Li L Li Z .4 C .4 .4 -
Li. - - C :4 C)C. 441 .4 U. 0 it 0 141
4., 4. C. - 4., 4.. i'I C I.. -* C '~ a- -4 .4 II' Li a 41 -. Ci aS - 5 44 a - .. 4' 4-. i.e 5 4' - - .4 6-. C, f~4 Ii a- a-C .. CS ~ A C) .4 ir a '- - I Li C' V 4 LI Li N
(4 441 I (V (41--------I r 0 C ' 1> 0 .44 4' 44 .- 44 u .0 4 I.~ .. ' .- II 4- 4.-4 C. ( - a * .-4 N Cl V C. -. 4. 4- 4 a V 4-, LI 3C V. Ii. (1 4) C 21 1 - V 4 . C, .4 4 .. 4 - I LiO .4 .1 4 4 - i'I * 414.4 Viidt., 4.- .....- fl .3 - C' a iJ A 4 1 ~ ~ Li 4- 4- Li fl '4 NJ .4 .* I .w C.. .1 N
Cf i.' .4 Li. Cci 5' (4 r, 3 . - .4 A iA 3i C -. C .4 V C. 4.- 4.. 4- 4- 0. 4) V
235
at N N N V C C CI . - -r ., in 4% .0 n! '0: nN '' - - i
ae .. . .iC. C
-~~~e e z n .
a C
ci C, c C, 0 1
S~~ ~ -. Q0Z 4 % 4
C236
0
0 .3
I' ,L
- 0 4 44 II 1i Li Li 33
W u0 C 0 0 La
04 t: 0 0 , N4> N N I C 0
C 00 0 0 0 L
23
'Io
N~~ IN N N N N N N N ', C Y m c C% N N N
IJ
a
IN I
> >
. U, C C C C
16
c ~0 0 44 0i 44 4 4 I
-5 2 7 2 7 z z
C , ,
L , 0 £ l'
n > I U, 2 21 w>4 c a- 0 a >
44 Li
44j £2J
1 71" t, U
a. - 4 C £ I C238
0 le ID 4 * ' 8 8 0 0 C 0 V 0 ID D 0 ID 0 D ty 0 NI- .4 .0 91 In o~ '
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 - . 4 .
s s a 2 - - - - N .
19
c- 0 XC 2I 4 I 4 I I
J Lc U4 Ui LX a- L r- a- a00 n , 0 000 00 0
Ha .,.
.4 03 0 LI OU ~ a it 11 44. I I< > 6' 4. 0( C3 0 c 0 C, 0 0Li c 0 > 0 7 7 2 7 4
o
0 C a a- 4N >
> C,
cc 0 C C , Q
-00
2
zaW w
61 I
7 C-i
* Li a Li Li r
cc Ci 0239
I 0 N L D ~ 0 0
'.~~~ - 1 -. -1 N 1 c 4 0 '102 1. -. It. .1 .4 - N N
C 0 C- c' 0' cC))
.- z
Li
'I I 2 I I I. XI~ ItC Id C ~ CC
02'0 4 4 , C .r. i"' a a ... "0 0" a ' ...0 0' 01 C . . .. ...V
,4 .1 .. - - • .. . .. .. . _ _ ,I C_ = ; :: -CI , . C . 2 I - I CC C. C C C . C I CCl 4 2 , CC 4 1 -. C C~ o4'C I . C 4. /
4.
U 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N N N N N C44- 44. 44. 44- 44- 4444 r w' '44 ~ (420 - - .4 .4 - 4, 4444 -' 4, 4444 -
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 'a 0 0 0 0 N N N N 4444 N'4 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 44444
2 .4 - - - 4 .4 .4 .4 .4 4 .4 .4 .4 .4 - .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 Ci.4 .4
a
44
'4 '4C
-4444- 44. 44
44- 4.4 N.4 0 '.4 444 0 44)o 2 444 '44444 4 * 4, ~'.4 44' 44 . . 4
* 4, 4, U44 4, ..4 N 44 0 '4 2
44-
44. .4 4444 44. 0 '4
44 .4 44. .4I. o 44.) - .4 i3 ~* 4 0 4.4 4
.1 44- 0' U 2'4 . - 0 '4
4 4 4 4 4 N ~ 4,2 2 2 2 .4 '4 .4 .4 4
4.4 r Li4.!.'4 o o4 0 '4 4 44442 '4 0 -
o v 4.4 44. 4, N
4(40 N '4.44 44- 4- 44 .444
.4 '4 0 0U2 4 '4 44 -* .4 4, 4 .4 .4 - 0 .4.4 2 2 2 2 2 .4 - '4 '4 2
4.4 4.44444 0 Li
Li Li Li 4.. ~ r* 4 4.. 0 C C 4.4 Li 4 LI
2 4 4 4 4 0 C (444 ~4 4 * 4, 4
44 4444 4, 4, 44, N .4444 '4 N (I N * a 44 44 444444. 0 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 2
N .4 - S.. 44. - - ~ 4.. - o0
44 2 4.' 444 '4 '4 44. 0 '4 '4 '4
*.4 44. 444 44. 4, 4444 4, 4444 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 44) 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4.44 4, 4, 4, j*4 4, 4, 4, '4
4.44- - 4C.
C (4~ 34 .4 '4 4 44. 4~ 3' 0 - (4. '4 .4 4444 44 44. - .4 4 4- '4 0' - N 44' N 4, 4,- P- (4.. 44- 44- 4- 44- 44- '4 4 1. '(4 .4. 0 4' Li .1 4444 44 '4 '4 34 - - .4 4. 34 3'4444 0 4 444 4) '4 C C '4 Li C 4.- C. Li C C Ci C '4 44 (44 C. C '4..4......'4C. 444
- (47 42. 4) (44 C, ~. Cx C. C 4tO t4C ,'~C 4 '4 (4, 4- 44 444 4, 4, N (4- (4. 34 44. 444.4 44444 34 0 0, 4444 '4 41' 0 44' 34 34 C 4, '4 44. 34 C 34 t 44, (ii 4, 4, CC N N N (4. N
ft
4421
'4 2' 0 0 t -Cx 44.. '-2 .4 - - 13 .4 LI
00~....~ ~ ~ .. ~ : : : :: ~ z- .-' -. .4 U .4 .4 fl t - 2' 2' :.t 2) 4 -* 44- (4' Li t~
4.4 144(44. 4> 1 *, 1'. 4, .4 (4. (444 44' (444 C. 4.4044 444444 4,4 4.*----------------------4- Li 4.4 4.4 4.4 444 Li fl 44-C . 0.4144. 4, 44 .4 0 (4. '0 '4 '. .4 44 1 (4 444 44 .4 (4. Li 44. .44 44 - 4.4.4 S***4****4 44 44 4 4 44 C 4~ C' C' C. C 4.4 44. 4. C A
-...-. - - .4....- 1' 4.~* C' 444 4.4 4., 4.4 Li Li Li 4. 4.' 4.4 44.4 Lit. 4.' CI Li (4 .4 0444 -' .~i xi 44 . '' 4. ', 7 , . 4 - - 4. 44 444 4, .4, 2' .. Li 44 4. 4- (4 44 I~44 44 Li 444 44 44 44 44. 44. 44. 44. 4.. 44. 4d 22 444' NJ .4 4, .4 4 - - 44< '44444 44 & 4 44 44 4 I 4 44 S 44 & 4. 4 LI 4- .4 (4. 444 .4 44. 4.4 4 = 4) 4:2
241 44.
Cy N Ny NNI
o L. Lo
oo
'U 4-i 44 11 1
c,-vt-4>
C, c. CC Z 0 w
,.W.
- C, " C, CN
rD 0 0 CI c
_j a LL-- ,, I
o LYC a a z .
242
fi l I I .. I 1I ... ..a '° '' '
II
4
.1 0c
Lo t
0 v 0 7r
C24
U N N N Y N N N N N N N N N4 N NY N CY N N N NY N N cy
z Z? z0 7 c0 0
. 1.- I.- , 4CI
Q. d. .1 CrL i 1 i bc ' - .. C C C, C. 0 C.- C, C 0 C. C., 6) C. I.
2 2 2 2 2 0~~ ~ ~~~~~ 7UU U 2 N U U U U U U i U
0 ~~~ ~~~ 0 9 99 4D i 9 9 2 2 9 9 9 t I 9 I 9 9 9 * 9 3 i *
N N Ci N N N N N ( 4 N N N N N N N \ N N al
Li~ ~~ ~~~~ -d -a - i - - I I * 9
24
. . . . . . .
0 I1I.. C d C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
S. C
It
CC
0I
-- - - - -
- -- - - - - - - - - -
'24
4.
.4 C C 0 '0
-' C -. 0' N N 49 49 '0 .4
-. C - - N N N A.- C'"4 CdI, In
C C C C C C C C C C C C C C ~10 10
C'
2 - .4 .4 - .4 2 2 N .0 .0 N N .0 Cd Ci4 li 09 09 41 N -
C' 49 ~' ~'C
C,
C'
0
IA
C' C0~ 02 A-
1..
1.4 $.4
U09
I:Si I2' I1.' Is
I.4 32
9-
I -
lId'9 4
It
'9
0) .4C'
2 C,o
I.' A - - .-I N 0 2' 0 0 0 0 0 t. 0 0Li C .4
L 4-A 2' 0 -. AS - 2' 2' N - 2 2' .n C US ?~
'9 .4' .4 .41 $ ~A - .4 $9 - C, .'I 'C
IA C'S N Al CS 0 I' C~ '.' C C'S *. A' C 0 I.. II S S C' C) CI C) .1 '4 CC 0 It C It A 1' Ci Ci C .5 Li .4 C S 5 2'
.1 I fl - - -. A '' - -'C' '''~* .9 5 .~ .~. - ., A
A. C, 04 0. ~i 1.' 1- - -* .'.' 44 III I' 0 . -' -. I~ I'.4 C' C IS C, .i 4 - Ci
Is. Is 1. 1. I I) 5) Li '9 ~ ~ I A '1 0.S C' 4 59 Li Li IA 1 4 - - U C
246
K N J N N N N N N N N N N N N N v N N N ft N N N
K N N N N N N N N ( N N N N N N N N N N Nm
2 - - .4 4 .4 .- -- - -4 -4 - -- - - -4
4. C 0' .5OL M
41 aC . ( a c v
In i0w
V. w w w w w w w m
N- D 00 W4 I D 0 0
9L K z z U
2 40 u4~~~~ 64 7 .4 u q 0 9o~~ ~ >. C. z4 U K K K S
*~~~~~ >0 0 0 . N ' C 40 4 40 40 .
Q m =w D I
24
N N N N N N N N N IV N NY N * S * S * *
°"
t a
C C S Cf I L' 21 c C. C, C
c c
C- I
248 -
. . . . .. . . . ... . 3 3. " ' - . ...C O ' C. . . . . . . .I - 1i . . . g l l
IL c
0. ft C. 0 0 c' c e L- C: a c
ff i f, 1.
01 I 0 0 0 C C C 0 0 C . C C L~
(L z
0
z z z z xr z Z -4Li w . Ci I., I4 I3 Li 4. 4C f . a ol 0 a al a a i -4 0 0 0 Cl n 0 0 C 0 .4 c Ci ui
#1 44 0 Ca0 U U 0 Ci 2 -
Cl~~~ ~~ ~ 0 Y 4 I I 'C' C C C 0 2 0 * 4 0 .
- ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ z Sb 1 .1 ' 0 1 N " l- 4 * * A N S 41 I 4, i .3 4)
aL
C, 0 1'. 0 II P. 4 0 4 ' 2 4 249 4 ' I, \ U C '. P
C 0 . 0 C C C i) C C C C
* C-t0
,
0 N
4 4 4
2 ' 0 C - C C -C O C C N C C C N N N C
L' X 0 C . 4 - 0 N - . C . 0 N 0 0C 0 ] C- N - - 4 ','0
CC C C C -. C C C' C C- C> C' CS C C
it 0 a- X C t C C C C - .. C C V 4 C C C250 "ta. C C C
* C - -. - ' . C C 2' 'it' Ci CCC CC C C (3I
II
4-4
0
-- 0
25
N '0 S Ii. N N N N N CC N N N N N iC N N N N N N * ~N I. CC 4' C C) N 01 N N 0) 0) N 0) N 0' - N CCC') .-i N C. 0 C N Ci C'. lfl CC N C' ir~ N CC 'Ci iii c o
X Si .0 IN N N C-iC N N CC N N N N N Ci N N Ci N Ci * ~N -i N N C) Ci Ci N Ci N N C N Ci Cii" C) CC CiCi i-i
'C - N N ~C N N N NC - - N
0
-J *' ii LiC .2.Cii N 4)Li * A 'C N - N c .3 N CN C~ C) .2 2 2 Cl 2 7 2 2 2 2 2
C .1
C I-01.) 00..
0- a- 0 'CU.D - N YIiCL. - 00o 0 0 - - Li
'C 1.. N Ii "0 .2 DC)Li. t' Cl Liii' 1.. 05)- C. IILi " -- Cl .., ii i. '. II II4 4.' 2 LiN () iJ i CL I C UC'.0 0 C 0-aN,. C
1
C N N N N Cin .4 .3
011)2 .2 tC
- ii Ci I-.
.3 'C C C C C N N C C
'C Li i-C Li *1~C) 44 44 44 C) C'. 2 2 .2 2 -. 2
I)
* Li C-C '1, ti C)0 4.. C) Ci C C.iS N C N N iCi -. .. Li Li 4 C) Ci 14 Lu CiCC C, C 'ii Cl .7 44 t is Ci C. is
* C C .0 Ci C C Ci N CiC) C .o C C N A,0 C C Ci * * ') Ifl Ci N N U) N U)
C- C il 4) 5' Ci 0 a a 0 a N N Cr NN .4 LI LI C) - Cr - C. C C. i.J 0 i.i 0 0CA C 0-
C A' fl 4. C CS NiL' C. Li C C' C
Cl N CC C .-. .~ 4) Ci 0 2 .2 .0 N .1 ii - 4.) CA C' -u ., 0 0Ci C' i "' *'i'i'i.3 N -
CCo S C C - 4 N .-. C, .. C C .0 C' 3. it ii)- "C C) - - C' C- ii .0 .0 .0 .0 iN' '~ ~' N ii ~ii ~ Co
in C ." - Ci C. CC N Ci N N C) C0 . - - C' ii C .. C C .1' I' ii) ii ii. C. C C.N it iN l\ it C
0 I. ni C. iN IN i'. Ci C)
C' a -
'C - I'
1.1 Ci -I. - -
.4 C" u Li A 1 N N L' -
.4 - CC 4 C C A iC ,L . C.
3 '; 'C I 5 .4 Cl 'C
i .1 ii 0 'iiii C 'I C .t a a C £
.i ' ill C C i ~tC i S
252
6
I.0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0
Cli N N N 41 IC .11 41 'C 41 li' .0 .0 .0 C) N 0)N N N N * N N IV ~ - -
Cl .0 .0 .0 Cl .0 Cl .0 .0 Cl Cl .0 Cl Cl Cl IC .0 Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl .0 Cl
Z .0 Cl .0 .0 N N N N .0 IV N .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 -. .4 i i inCl' WI C' C' C' - C' 0' 0' - .- - - -
0
4.0
CCC hi
.0
I'-n0. 0z -- Li
-i
C,
.0hi
0'
.0
a
WI Li0- *~
0 4%
~ .0
- 14
o ~,
C)4% -C.0 0
o ~C. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 C) .4 C> C) Cl Cl C) .i 1 -) 01 'CI .0 'CI Cl 'Cl 4) .0 'C. P 0
0
r .0 'Cl C N * 'C Cl N C' C. S )C II) N S .o a S Cl .4, I'. Cl 0' IV N "'I'-5 .0 .0.4.4nlC l*4N C ' CV IV IV N Cl - - 'C S s 4. 4. s 1 41 41 III Ii) IC
Ct .0 - - 0 0 .0 0-' 0 C 'O C C )tIC Ii CC C' C. C' C) C, Ci C) C' Li 0 0 0 -* - 0 0 C .4 C) 0 C) C) 0I*11 C' .3C*CI C) C~ C' C, Cl II Ci C Cl C)'I in 4. Cl Cl 0 Cl 10 Cl Cl C 0 11 Cl IC C 'C C C CC IC Cl C .0 C C 0 Cl 4. CC
C C C C C C, Ii - i CO C C. ' C
CI ~ 'N .11 4. 41 .0 N .0 3% C. - -
* - - - C- I. C- 1- I- C I I I 2 I 4 A A .i I 1 >3
Cl .. .7 1 ~ ~ C 0 .3 1. C' 1. C) .3 .3' .
Cl C) 0 CC -, 2----------4 1 3, II C Cit C) C 12 C C) C)
- C %~ C Li 1>3 12 I.? Lit CI C.' Is c LI CC CI N N '3. Cl . N /3 in
/3 .3 1' C, ,. Cl CC I, LA C. C .a .3 .31C II C C .V .w . I C C . -- Li C~ in C 3 ~ U ~ '.1 0 0 CC 1., b~ ~ Cl 4 CC .4 '2 4 1 CC C .1 1 11in 'C) I" Ci C I Cl .4 C *. C) 3. C) C I .1. 1 I I 2. .L C 1 .1. I C
253
I-I
u.4
a
0
.-
a.o
.25
oI
CL"f
7
0
C
0
44
-J
S;7N v I
N N 0c m ' , 5 4 5 4 4 1 .
If IL IF 21 a 1 oI
ft 0 0 0 e 4 0 0 5 0 0 4 0 .4 5 0 0 -2550
IN4 4 0 0 0 0 4 0 04 5 4 4 0 0 4 4 0 0 0 4 0 0 0
VI a
VI
3
I-
Can
0. C
-J
an
II
C
VI'a
IC.
ill Li0- PC- ..~a CC 0.
- hOo a,0 N2 a0 0
2 -a-, a.
0 (ii
U, a, C-I- - 0-t Va t.<
C 0
a* 31
256
Vs
I...
-~~~ ~~ la cu a a a a a a a a a a
u 4 . 4 . 4 . a W
a . 4 - 4 F ,
a iA
2 61 N . 4 a~ 4 . . 4 - 4 - . .4 I . - 4 . 4 .4 F 4 U C
Ln D. uWNIf,
to 0 NI
C,
Inx0 L a A F a
.25
0 .. C
IL wC7 A- S
C,258
.
w
I-
CL
A. i
S- 0
CL
zzIL 0 li
W
11 r
41u u ,
LLU L U t L & L L Li-)r-2f T
Related Documents
