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GROUP MEMBERS.: Roll no.:

Nikita Araujo 32

Ruhama Jacob 65

Neha Saxena

Priyanka Gharat

Payal Sahu

Raj Matthew 60

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Ecology

It is the scientific study of the relation of living organisms to each otherand their surroundings. Ecology includes the study of plant and animalpopulations, plant and animal communities and ecosystems.Ecosystems describe the web or network of relations among organismsat different scales of organization.

1. Save energy to save money.

o Set your thermostat a few degrees lower in the winter anda few degrees higher in the summer to save on heatingand cooling costs.

o Install compact fluorescent light bulbs (CFLs) when yourolder incandescent bulbs burn out.

o Unplug appliances when you're not using them. Or, usea "smart" power strip that senses when appliances are offand cuts "phantom" or "vampire" energy use.

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o Wash clothes in cold water whenever possible. As much as85 percent of the energy used to machine-wash clothesgoes to heating the water.

o Use a drying rack or clothesline to save the energyotherwise used during machine drying.

2. Save water to save money.

o Take shorter showers to reduce water use. This will loweryour water and heating bills too.

o Install a low-flow showerhead. They don't cost much, andthe water and energy savings can quickly pay back yourinvestment.

o Make sure you have a faucet aerator on each faucet. Theseinexpensive appliances conserve heat and water, whilekeeping water pressure high.

o Plant drought-tolerant native plants in your garden. Manyplants need minimal watering. Find out which occurnaturally in your area.

3. Less gas = more money (and better health!).

o Walk or bike to work. This saves on gas and parking costswhile improving your cardiovascular health and reducing

your risk of obesity.o Consider telecommuting if you live far from your work. Or

move closer. Even if this means paying more rent, it couldsave you money in the long term.

o Lobby your local government to increase spending onsidewalks and bike lanes. With little cost, theseimprovements can pay huge dividends in bettering yourhealth and reducing traffic.

4. Keep electronics out of the trash.

o Keep your cell phones, computers, and other electronics aslong as possible.

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o Donate or recycle them responsibly when the timecomes. E-waste contains mercury and other toxics and is agrowing environmental problem.

o Recycle your cell phone.o Ask your local government to set up an electronics

recycling and hazardous waste collection event.

Action Plans to Go Green with Your Business

The call to protect and preserve the environment has become muchlouder today than ever before due to scientific evidence presentedrelated to global warming. Individuals and organizations have started

campaigns to protect Mother Nature through lifestyle changes andmaking earth-friendly strategies.

In a business standpoint, going green is something that is bothchallenging and heartwarming. A good entrepreneur would takeadvantage of the situation and provide services and products that helppromote environmental protection. The proliferation of organic foodand products is just one manifestation of this growing trend. However,putting up a new green business is not the only way to go green. Thereare other things you can do with your current business while helpingthe cause of saving the environment.

1. RecycleThis sounds clich but in a business, recycling not only helps theenvironment, but it also helps on cutting down expenses. Take a lookat what your company currently consumes, and find ways to recycle,reduce, and reuse. You might be surprised of the things you mighthave saved along the way.

Recycle paper and start using less-toxic office supplies and materials.As much as possible, use recycled-paper products and school supplies.The same goes for computer ink cartridges. Refill them instead ofthrowing them away.

However, if there are things that are way beyond your recyclingprowess, it might be great to donate them to a non-profit organizationfor a worth cause.

2. Conserve energyThe best way to cut down on costs would be energy conservation. Itsgood for the environment and for your business as well. If you aregoing to build a new office or building, consider installing solar panels

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to provide heat and hot water. And if the US State you are in providesincentives to firms that promote energy conservation, it would be allthe more beneficial to your business.

3. Use alternative transportationConsider going hybrid when planning to buy your next company car.

The fact that more hybrid car models are entering is already anincentive itself. Some of the benefits of using hybrid cars include:

Reducing wasted energy during idle/low output Recapturing waste energy Reducing the size and power of the internal combustion engine

4. InnovateCurrent company practices may be modified in such a way that earth-friendly strategies are placed. Business processes that usually producea lot of waste might be checked and examined to improve efficiency.

Going green can be done by any business in all types of industry. Whatmatters is the passion to really give our contribution to save the planetbecause people who have that kind of passion naturally have anincredible imagination to rebuild the value chain and inspire theirclients in the process.

The Downturn's Green Lining

There are very few things that are ever certain about "the next year".

But 2009 has at least three elements of certainty.

One, that it's going to be a tough year, with even profitable businesslikely to be tight on cash, and very few boom sectors.

Two, that despite the nuclear deal, India is going to be even morestarved of power, both in the cities and in remote locations.

Three, that businesses, starved of cash and power, will need to look forways to optimize both.

When I speak to CIOs about green business and tech, I find them inthree camps. The (declining) majority is neutral about it, waiting andwatching, or has taken minor steps for instance defining greenerpurchases (LCD only, no CRT, etc).

The second group says: Budgets are tighter, so we're unlikely to beable to do any investments in greener tech.

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But a (growing) minority, is saying: energy efficient tech is top priorityfor us, especially because of the downturn, and budgets.

Take the "fuel crisis". Oil crossed $110 a barrel in March, with a "globalenergy crisis looming", and prophets spoke of $150 barrels. Now, it's

down to $50 a barrel, and people are talking about $40.

Crisis? I think it was a pretty good thing, though the airlines may notagree. But look at it this way. For the first time, the world got scaredabout oil, and started looking at greener transportation. Hummers andSUVs lost favor in the USA and people rushed for smaller cars andelectric cars.

In November, when Honda had a special offer on its Civic Hybrid,lowering the price from Rs 22 lakh to 13 lakh, the several hundredunsold in stock sold out on the first day while other car sales had

slowed.

Nothing to beat a temporary crisis that is so very educative--and thenthe crisis goes away, but the lessons remain.

The telecom sector is the most hit by the cost and shortage of power.It takes serious money to keep those towers running 24x7 in placeswhere there's electricity for three hours a day and where usage maybe less than three hours. So it's desperately trying to cut down powerusages, with greener tech.

The IT and BPO sectors have also realized that power is a heavy costboth in opex, and capex, for backup. Going for lower-powerinfrastructure saves money in the short, and not just the long, term.

That's what I'm looking forward to in a crisis-racked, power-starved2009. A green revolution in Indian business, born of necessity.

Should enterprises move to Greentechnologies?Green IT opens up an abundance of newer opportunities for enterprises in India

BANGALORE, INDIA: Going green is the mantra often heard amongIndian IT enterprises. It is an important business initiative that is

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driving good corporates towards greener technologies.

Going green is not just about being environment-friendly but alsotranslates into one of the best ways to cut costs. A recent IDC reportindicates that energy and cooling expenses will grow eight times

faster than purchasing costs of new servers through 2010. In IDCslatest Green Poll in the APAC region, almost 81 percent of theparticipating organizations said that the Green-ness of an ITtechnology would become increasingly important when it comes toselecting suppliers. About 18 percent of the organizations said thatthey were already considering this factor while selecting suppliers,while 30 percent said they were putting systems into place to startdoing so in the near future. So Green IT opens up an abundance ofopportunities for enterprises in any country.Why should your IT go Green?Rising global warming, increased energy costs and greater awareness

about its socio-economic implications has forced organizations to lookfor ways to reduce their carbon-emission footprint. However, what hasescaped attention is the massive amount of energy your ITconsumes. Enterprise IT, which accounts for up to 40 percent of anorganizations energy requirement, has a big role to play to reducegreenhouse gases. According to a Forrester survey, over 41 percent ofpeople in the IT departments believe energy efficiency and equipmentrecycling are important factors that need to be considered. In thesame survey, 65 percent believed reduction of energy relatedoperating costs as the driving factor for implementing Green IT.What drives Green in India?

Adoption of Green IT is not just about buying green data centers andsetting up Green IT infrastructure. It needs a complete 360-degreeapproach - starting from the vision of the top management to theawareness among employees.An environment-conscious organization should define what greenmeans to it as there is no global, industry-wide recognized standardtoday that defines a green data center or organization, and take stepsto follow the corporate green guidelines. The long-term goal of thegreen data center operation is to achieve carbon neutrality.Data centers The Energy guzzlersUndoubtedly, data centers have the maximum energy requirements,

given the massive number of powerful servers that are housed intodays data centers, which are sometimes as big as the size of afootball field. And these data centers may require as much coolingpower as the electricity to run them. Some studies say that these datacenters account for between 1.2 and 2.0 percent of electricityconsumed in the United States. It is also a known fact that many ofthe servers in the data centers run at a low utilization level of 10% to15%. This causes significant wastage through redundant hardware,

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memory, network devices and power supplies. In earlier times,enterprises would have put up with this excess capacity, given the ITdepartments risk-aversion. However, with maturing IT coupled withneed to rein-in energy use, organizations are now forced to adoptstrategies to reduce their data center operational costs.

Strategies to implement Green technologiesWhat are the steps you should take to optimize the consumption ofelectricity as well as reduce the number of servers in your datacenter? Enterprise IT groups are looking at various options such asPC Power management software and deployment of energy efficientservers and network devices. However, these piecemeal steps will notyield the desired results; you need a more holistic approach to solvethis problem. The answer lies in the adoption ofCloud computing andVirtualization within your enterprise IT two strategies that can a go along way in reducing your energy-dependency and thus make yourorganization truly green.

Embrace Cloud ComputingCloud computing lets you use computational power and storage spacefrom a third-party service provider, thus lowering demand for additionof more servers in your data center. You can also reduce the numberof applications deployed on your data centers by using similarapplications hosted by SaaS providers. Now, cloud computing meansdifferent things to different people depending upon which vendoryou talk to. Therefore, it could be utility computing or grid or Software-as-a-Service or even Platform-as-a-Service. However, one thing isclear all of them refer to some service provided by a third-partyprovider outside the corporate firewall. It is true there are concerns

with respect to security, availability and customers data privacy inthese services as shown recently by the outage at Amazons S3storage service. However, these issues will get addressed as thetechnology and industry matures.

There are primarily two types of cloud services, namely Infrastructurein the cloud and Applications in the cloud. Infrastructure in the cloudrefers to raw CPU power and data storage space you can use on-demand over Internet.

You should also explore applications in the cloud type of services as atool to minimize data center load. Look at business applications that

are not critical to your business or those you cant afford to maintainwith a separate IT group in-house such as CRM apps, HR/HCM,Backup and Restore, Security etc. Instead of running theseapplications on your data center, you should consider usingapplications provided by third-party service providers. This, in turn,reduces the number of servers in your data center which means youhave less energy consumption.

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Virtualize your data centerAs you look for ways to optimize your data center operation,consolidation of servers through virtualization technologyprovidesconsiderable energy savings. Virtualization is a technology that allowsyou to partition a physical hardware into multiple logical boxes, with

each having its own operating system and network connectivityrunning in a sandbox. This makes additional standby serversredundant since you can dynamically provision a new virtual machineand then run a new instance of your application on this VM. Withadvances in virtual machine technology, you can now move a runningvirtual machine from one server to another server. This furtherincreases the utilization rate of your server stack in the data center;hence you can host more applications with reduced number ofservers.

Smart ways for the network to save powerEnterprises are seeking creative and innovative ways to reduce their energy consumption and as a ddriving a reduced the carbon footprint for the organization

BANGALORE, INDIA: As governments, business communities and themedia have turned their focus to green environmental issues andglobal warming, enterprises are seeking creative and innovative ways

to reduce their energy consumption and as a direct result driving areduced the carbon footprint for the organization.

A valuable part of the Green movement is to create momentum for thecause; where simple actions and smart methods of running electricallyconnected devices, repeated many times over, can really add up andmake a great difference. This extends into a number of differingmarkets, such as healthcare facilities, schools and universities,manufacturers, retailers, financial centers, hotels and hospitality aswithin Call Centers, and Data Centers. As a direct result of reducingenergy consumption, the cost of operations will also reduce for the

participating organization.

Given that Information Technology represents one of the largestconsumers of energy within the corporate environment, ITprofessionals that oversee the procurement and operation ofenterprise networks and computing data centers have the ability tomeaningfully impact energy consumption. What can be achievedduring the infrastructure selection process, the solution design and

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deployment phase and then the ongoing network operation that willresult in energy savings?

Extreme Networks suggests three energy saving ideas:1. Procuring Ethernet switch products that consume less power

2. Designing the network to use less power3. Intelligently optimizing power to edge ports and connected devices

1. Product Procurement: The IT networking team can seek outnetwork equipment that consumes less power and factor this attributeinto the RFP process from the outset. Comparison shopping withrespect to power consumption can make a real difference over the lifeof the network. Much like a refrigerator or similar household appliancecan save money from the day it is purchased when compared to oldergenerations of appliances, so too can Ethernet switch technology.Look for Ethernet switches that consume less energy during normal

operation as they will save you energy and operating budget.

For example, a typical Ethernet modular switch supporting 400 totalports can consume between 6 and 12 watts per port or between 2.6and 5.2 Kilowatts per device. With updated technology and innovative,power saving design, Extreme Networks offers modular switches (1)that support 400 ports and consume only 1.3 Kilowatts (or 3.2 wattsper port). The proliferation of devices of this type throughout theenterprise can results in operating cost savings and the reduction ofthe carbon footprint.

2. Network Design: Today's Local Area Network (LAN) can bedesigned to use power more efficiently. One route to achieve this is tocollapse tiers of the network and as a result reducing the number ofswitches required to serve the enterprise.

Traditional LANs were designed with various fixed and modularswitches playing specific roles in three distinct areas. At the edge ofthe network, fixed switches would connect users and devices at10/100Mb speeds. At the aggregation layer, another class of switchbecame a 'connection point' to connect all the edge devices and trafficand feed it into the network backbones and to centralized data

centers. The final tier was the network backbone or core, where thelargest and most powerful modular switches connected traffic from theaggregation layer to servers and between locations.

With the introduction of more powerful Ethernet switches andtechnologic breakthroughs, such as 10 Gigabit Ethernet speeds andsystem resiliency over the last five years, network designers now havethe ability to collapse the traditional three tier network into just two

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tiers - the edge and core network - removing the aggregation layer andits associated energy consumption.

The capital savings associated with the upfront purchase followed bythe on-going savings from reduced energy consumption through the

use of a smaller number of Ethernet switches in a Two Tier designbrings tangible and real benefit for both IT managers who have tomanage and operate fewer devices, and the environment where lesspower is needed to run the network.

3. Optimized Power Management: The third on-going method is tosave energy through the network using native software intelligence tooptimize powered devices connected at the network's edge. Managingedge devices and network ports is similar to the way a maintenanceand operations team for a facility turns out lights and other appliancesin a large building when it is not occupied.

Today's Ethernet switches support 802.11af standards-based Powerover Ethernet (PoE) to enable the transmission of power over thecopper twisted-pair wiring to the devices connect at the network edge,transmitting 48 volts of DC electrical power along with data bandwidthconnectivity to each port. Thus, devices such as IP phones, camerasand Wireless LAN (802.11) Access Points (APs) can be powered by thenetwork while also receiving data bandwidth. This saves network andfacilities staff the cost and complexity of separately wiring a buildingfor both the LAN and power needs at every network node.

Automated power management through optimization of PoE devicescan reduce costs and power usage associated with running thenetwork edge by between 50 and 75 percent, a very significantamount that will reduces a businesses carbon footprint and allowsthem to more intelligently and proactively manage and operate theirLAN infrastructure.

Extreme Networks uniquely addresses power consumption across thenetwork including edge devices with its revolutionary Universal Porttechnology - a layer of intelligence that provides event-drivenprovisioning and automated operations throughout the network.

One of the most innovative functions of Universal Port is allowing anetwork manager to choose the exact hours of operation of a givennetwork port, dictating when powered network ports (POE) will providepower and when they should be automatically shut down when not inuse or at the end of the business day. Through this technology,network connected Voice-over-IP handsets that consume energy andpower every hour can immediately be powered down at the end of the

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business day and then woken up the next day. Energy savingsassociated with intelligent power management of edge devices withUniversal Approach can be over 50 percent.

Conclusion: Saving energy and building a green future takes thought

and commitment. Extreme Networks is glad to contribute innovate andunique technology and solutions to enable organizations to achievetheir goals of 'Going Green' through the deployment of efficientdevices, suggesting intelligent network design and providing uniquesoftware that controls the environment.

Corporate calls for greater collaboration tocounter climate change

BANGALORE, INDIA: On World Earth Day 2008, Royal PhilipsElectronics, the world leader in lighting, calls for better collaborationamong government, business and individuals to develop commonapproaches that have a strong and lasting impact on combatingclimate change and to achieve a better and sustainable society.

Climate change and global warming are the most important issuesfacing the international community today. Lighting, a major contributorto warming the environment consumes 19 percent of all electricityproduced in the world. New lighting technology with a realisticreduction of 40 percent throughout the world creates the same outputof 500 medium sized power stations which would, in carbon capture

terms, cover the whole Gobi desert with forest.

In conjunction with World Earth Day 2008, Gerard Kleisterlee, Presidentand CEO of Royal Philips Electronics actively advocated adoptingenergy efficiency solutions to counter climate change. Kleisterleepointed out that energy efficiency is not only an important way tocombat climate change, but also to secure energy supply and toensure responsible use of scarce resources. He encouraged allstakeholders to take critical action to achieve a triple win propositionand also indicated the importance of government support to tackle theexisting barriers and hurdles that many developing countries face

today.

"By offering our most advanced technologies and solutions, Philips iswell positioned to contribute to Asia's development of green andsustainable growth for a bright and prosperous future," commentedKleisterlee.

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Existing new lighting technology today offers a triple win proposition saving cost, energy and the environment. Hence, switching to energyefficient lighting is the quickest and easiest way to make a significantcontribution. For instance, Philips new street lighting systemCosmopolis, has already been developed in several cities across Asia

and it can reduce energy consumption and CO2 emission by 40percent compared to the traditional street lighting solutions. Asidefrom energy saving, the new technology provides superior lighting,which allows for better driving safety and better aesthetics to highlyimprove our living quality.

Economic growth is historically linked to consumption of energy.Higher levels of consumption and its environmental impact are a by-product of any country that is experiencing rapid economic growth.

"Although new solutions exist, market adoption rates are slow

considering the severity of the current climate change crisis.Collective efforts from government and business are necessary tofurther educate public to advocate a switch to more energy efficientlighting. Support from governments is also needed to initiate newlegislation and policies to help accelerate market uptake and createthe right incentive system to enable energy efficient investments ininfrastructure and renovation," said Kleisterlee.

Philips has long been an industry leader in introducing cleaner, greenertechnologies. In its continuing commitment to dramatically reducecarbon emissions caused by the world's lighting needs, Philips

announced its Fourth EcoVision program last year in September to seta target to double sales from green products to 30 percent of totalrevenues within five years. These targets mean that by end of 2008, allthe company's offices will be outfitted with energy efficient lightingsystems to further reduce greenhouse-gas emissions.

Furthermore, Philips' campaign www.asimpleswitch.comcommunicated to the public at large that solutions in energymanagement can be simple and easy to implement.

Save whatever 'Green' is left on earthLenovo is commited in building products that contribute towards a greener earth

BANGALORE, INDIA: Environment-friendly corporate action is becomingthe new norm of practice in enterprises. Production of eco-friendly

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products and the ways of disposing them is of utmost importance forcompanies today as they try to save whatever "Green" is left on earth.

In an interview with CIOL, Anil Philip, Executive Director, TransactionBusiness, Lenovo India, talks about Lenovo's efforts in contributing

toward a safer and greener earth. Excerpts:

CIOL: What are the steps taken by Lenovo to increase energyefficiency? Since when has Lenovo been eco conscious?Anil Philip: Lenovo is committed to provide eco-friendly and energyefficient technology choices. The recent ThinkCentre A61e has raisedthe energy efficiency bar. It is the smallest, quietest and most energyefficient desktop yet, with EPEAT Gold status, the highest designation aproduct can achieve in the environmental attributes. This productcomes with a 45W desktop processor (instead of the traditional 65-90W processors) that save power consumption up to 50 percent

annually over the previous ThinkCentre model reducing the total costof ownership (TCO) to a large extent.

We also offer more than 90 EPEAT-registered products with a majorityof them being Silver-rated (EPEAT silver rated products is a rating toolestablished by the Green Electronics Council that evaluates electronicproducts in relation to 23 required environmental criteria and 51optional criteria). Lenovo offers a complete, industry-leading line ofenergy-efficient products that meet the new Environmental ProtectionAgency's ENERGY STAR 4.0 standard.

CIOL: Why the hype now and how far have you come asregards to adopting 'Green IT technologies'?AP: Energy consumption continues to remain a challenge in the ITsector. IT companies are increasingly becoming conscious in producingrecycled and environmentally responsible materials in products tocontributing towards making the earth a safe place to stay.

Lenovo has announced several milestones for green product designs.We offer a gamut of products both in consumer and enterprisesegment that conform to the ENERGY STAR 4.0 standard. More than 90of our products are EPEAT registered Silver rated products. Besides

products, we even use recycled and reusable materials for ourpackaging and educate our customers on how to responsibly disposeoff their PC at the end of its life. Because enterprise PC purchases are alarge part of Lenovo's business in many parts of the world, Lenovorecommends its enterprise customers about recovery and recycling ofthese PCs at the end of their life.

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CIOL: Does Lenovo have any e-waste strategies in place?AP: We conduct recycling programs in many countries we operate in,with many of those offering free recycling. In China, Lenovo offers freerecycling for individuals, institutions and businesses. In the US, theLenovo Recycling Service allows consumers and business customers to

recycle any manufacturers' PCs, including system units, monitors,printers and optional attachments.

CIOL: What are the major challenges faced by the company inimplementing an eco-friendly environment?AP: The primary challenge faced by companies in manufacturing ecofriendly products is a surge in the prices due to the use of greentechnology. Eco friendly products need technologies that produce lessheat resulting in greater reliability and decreased energy use. Forinstance, Lenovo's A61e desktop uses 45W desktop processor, insteadof the 6590W processors, which makes it significantly energy

efficient.

Also due to the inadequate awareness in the consumer segment, thereis a lack of demand for green products among individual customers.

CIOL: From the range of products that Lenovo has how manyhave had the success of being eco friendly? What is thepercentage of reduction in energy consumption?AP: Lenovo offers over 90 EPEAT registered products with majority ofthem being silver rated. The recent ThinkCentre A61e desktop, whichis EPEAT Gold certified is the smallest, lightest, most energy-efficient

desktop PC from Lenovo to date.

The recent Lenovo ThinkCentre A61e desktop can help save users upto 50 percent in energy costs annually over previous models ofThinkCentres, due to its energy-efficient 45W processors.

CIOL: Do all the companies abide 100 percent by EPAregulations? Are there any loopholes?AP: EPA regulation is a product proclamation, which helps a companyremain ecofriendly. It's not mandatory for a company to abide by it.Companies that care for environmental safety abide by EPA regulation

hence it is an attitude change in corporates.

CIOL: Does Lenovo have a particular program that it hasstarted with regards to spreading the message of a greenerearth?AP: Lenovo, as an IT company, is increasingly becoming conscious inproducing recycled and environmentally responsible materials inproducts to contributing towards a greener earth.

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measure and identify hot spots, air leakage and other inefficienciesacross 40,000 square feet of data center space. Had PG&E surveyedthis space manually, it would have taken several weeks instead of afew days.

In a recent report, Sams said that $30-$50 million will be needed to rundata centers that would be amount to 75 percent of the energy costs.The Project Big Green was launched in 2007 and has outlined a five-step approach to improving energy efficiency.

Diagnose: energy assessment, virtual 3-D power management, andthermal analyticsBuild: plan, build, or update to an energy-efficient data centreVirtualize: IT infrastructures and special-purpose processorsManage: control with power management softwareCool: exploit liquid cooling solutions inside and out of the data centre

"This will help reduce consumption by 40-50 percent, in US terms save$1.3 million in the yearly savings, he said adding that it will also have apositive impact on the environment."

For starters, virtualization will be one of the biggest players in thisproject. IBM leads the way in providing the industrys mostcomprehensive virtualization technologies and this investment willdemonstrate their ability to leverage high density computing systems.

In addition, the project will include IBMs Cool Blue portfolio of energyefficient power and cooling technologies. All of this, and the energyefficient design and construction of the new facility will dramaticallyreduce energy thus reducing pollution created from this large of a datacenter.

An IDC report says that savings is huge, which estimates that for everydollar spent on computer hardware, another 50 cents is spent onenergy. This amount, IDC says, is expected to increase to more than71 cents by 2011.

The company also stated that it will soon launch The Energy EfficiencyIncentive Finder, a central website for details about energy efficiencyincentives and programmes that are available from local utilitycompanies, governments, and other participating agencies anywherein the world, Sams adds.

IBM Global Financing is positioned as part of Project Big Green to

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provide a green wrapper of financing solutions to help organizationsacquire the hardware, software, and services they need to buildan energy-efficient data centrewhile aligning upfront costs withanticipated project benefits.

For the Build step, IBM announced the Energy Efficiency SelfAssessment as well as the IBM Scalable Modular Data Center, a pre-configured 500 or 1,000 square foot energy efficient data centresolution, among other offerings.

Viewsonic goes green!Energy-efficient products and corporate responsibility can make customers proud of owning eco-ViewSonic products

NEW DELHI, INDIA: ViewSonic Corp. today launched a new initiativepromoting companys commitment to conducting business in anenvironmentally responsible manner. By designing energy-efficientproducts and adopting recycling programs ViewSonic has taken serioussteps towards reducing the amount of waste ending up in landfills, fora more eco-friendly approach.

As a part of the initiative, ViewSonic ensures building in energy-saving

features in all of its products. This is aimed towards helping customersnot only save energy, but also save money.

All of the companys displays are now ENERGY STAR compliant, and alldisplays released since July of 2008 will feature a power-saving EcoMode that will offer up to a 56 percent energy savings.

Starting with product design, ViewSonic will strive to reduce the wasteassociated with its product lifecycle. Product designs now includerecyclable plastic and a screw-free assembly, which reduces thenumber of parts on a given product and makes disassembly forrecycling more efficient.

ViewSonic has also partnered with a range of ISO 14001 certifiedrecyclers to offer customers several options and incentives to returnand recycle used products through its Recycle+Trade-In program.

Over 30 displays of ViewSonic have also received EPEAT Silver

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Certification which is given to products that reduce toxic materials andwaste, are mercury-free, and feature reduced energy consumption.

Speaking on the initiative, Gautam Ghosh, CountryManager, ViewSonic Technologies India Pvt Ltd said: "ViewSonic

recognizes the importance of incorporating eco-friendly and powersaving green IT initiatives in its product lifecycle for the benefit of itscustomers. The company is committed towards incorporatingenvironmentally responsible decisions in its day to day operations andwill continue to find new ways to enhance its green efforts."

Taking the green pillIt's fashionable to talk about green IT, but rarely do CIOs confess the real issues around it.

Here's one such candid account from Cedric D'SOUZA, Manager, IT atSanofi Aventis, as he chats with Pratima Harigunani of CyberMediaNews on the margins of Enterprise Connect Awards 2008

As a CIO what's your view on green IT between the hype andthe hands-on experience?

Things have certainly changed for better and greener. We have moved

from huge stacks of servers to blades, to a world of six-hour batterybacked-up laptops.

How's it like going green?

Of course, like many others, we are going green, but I am notcompletely satisfied. I confess that we do a little bit wherever possiblebut, for instance, whenever power is needed, there are practicalcompulsions; you have to use the power.

We can only select the best that's available on the manufacturing sideand there are cost considerations as well besides criteria like powerconsumption. Though our motto is to go green. but it is hard toimplement it.So aren't technology vendors doing enough on the greendirection?

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Of course, manufacturers are bringing these technologies but they areexpensive too and there are cost considerations besides the greenobjective.

How acute is the gap between the economy and ecology

aspects?

It's not the user that can make much of a difference but the topmanagement who implements and can make a difference if they havea policy of sanction accordingly. A CIO, who has his KRAs and costtargets to cover too, would be helped a lot in the green objective if thatfalls in place.

"In sustainable development, everyone is a user and provider of informationconsidered in the broad sense... the need for information arises at all levels, fromthat of senior decision makers at the national and international levels to thegrass-roots and individual levels."

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Sustainable development is a pattern of resource use that aims to meet

human needs while preserving the so that these needs can be met not only in

the present, but also for generations to come. The term was used by the

Brundtland Commission which coined what has become the most often-

quoted definition of sustainable development as development that "meets the

needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations

to meet their own needs."

Sustainable development ties together concern for the carrying capacity of

natural systems with the social challenges facing humanity. As early as the

1970s "sustainability" was employed to describe an economy "in

equilibrium with basic ecological support system] Ecologists have pointed to

The Limits to Growth, and presented the alternative of a "steady state

economyin order to address environmental concerns.

The field of sustainable development can be conceptually broken into three

constituent parts: environmentalsustainability, economic sustainability and

sociopolitical sustainability.

The sustainable development debate is based on the assumption that

societies need to manage three types of capital (economic, social, and

natural), which may be non-substitutable and whose consumption might be

irreversible.[16] Daly (1991),[17] for example, points to the fact that natural

capital can not necessarily be substituted by economic capital. While it is

possible that we can find ways to replace some natural resources, it is muchmore unlikely that they will ever be able to replace eco-system services,

such as the protection provided by the ozone layer, or the climate stabilizing

function of the Amazonian forest. In fact natural capital, social capital and

economic capital are often complementarities. A further obstacle to

substitutability lies also in the multi-functionality of many natural resources.

Forests, for example, not only provide the raw material for paper (which can

be substituted quite easily), but they also maintain biodiversity, regulate

water flow, and absorb CO2.

Another problem of natural and social capital deterioration lies in their

partial irreversibility. The loss in biodiversity, for example, is often definite.

The same can be true for cultural diversity. For example with globalisation

advancing quickly the number of indigenous languages is dropping at

alarming rates. Moreover, the depletion of natural and social capital may

have non-linear consequences. Consumption of natural and social capital

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may have no observable impact until a certain threshold is reached. A lake

can, for example, absorb nutrients for a long time while actually increasing

its productivity. However, once a certain level of algae is reached lack of

oxygen causes the lakes ecosystem to break down suddenly.

Sustainable development is a policy approach that has gained quite a lot of

popularity in recent years, especially in international circles. By attaching a

specific interpretation to sustainability, population control policies have

become the overriding approach to development, thus becoming the primary

tool used to promote economic development in developing countries and

to protect the environment."

Cases of sustainable Development:

Tata Steel Rural Development Society (TSRDS), an organisation

involved in the steel major's community building initiatives, embarked on

an initiative to empower communities by creating awareness on the Right

to Information (RTI) Act at the grassroot level, in October 2009.

Wipro Infotech, provider of IT and business transformation services, has

unveiled its new eco-friendly and toxin-free desktops, manufactured withmaterials completely free of deadly chemicals like polyvinyl chloride and

brominated flame retardants.

Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd and GE Power & Water have signed an

agreement, to work together and offer environment management

solutions, including waste-water treatment and recycling.

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Case Study: Godrej

Conservation Actitivities by SP Godrej Marine Ecology Centre

The Soonabai Pirojsha Godrej Marine Ecology Centre has undertaken severalmeasures to protect the mangroves locally. Some of the programmes undertakenare

1 Regular monitoring/ patrolling in creek side mangrove area conserved by SPGMarine Ecology Centre to check possible destruction of existing mangroves andprotecting rare species of mangroves.

2 Ecological restoration of degraded mangroves by raising nurseries and

replenishing degraded mangrove areas through artificial regeneration in differentareas.

3 Establishment of Mangrove Interpretation Centre: Dissemination of theinformation regarding the importance of mangrove conservation through film/slideshows, seminars, nature trails/camps, poster exhibitions etc.

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