BD 63/07 - INSPECTION OF HIGHWAY STRUCTURES

February 2007

DESIGN MANUAL FOR ROADS AND BRIDGES

VOLUME 3 HIGHWAY STRUCTURES:INSPECTION ANDMAINTENANCE

SECTION 1 INSPECTION

PART 4

BD 63/07

INSPECTION OF HIGHWAYSTRUCTURES

SUMMARY

This Standard sets out the Overseeing Organisationsrequirements for inspection of its highway structures.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE

1. Remove Contents pages from Volume 3 andinsert new Contents dated February 2007.

2. Remove BD 63/94 from Volume 3, Section 1which is superseded by this new Standard andarchive as appropriate.

3. Remove BA 63/94 from Volume 3, Section 1which is withdrawn and archive as appropriate.

4. Insert BD 63/07 into Volume 3, Section 1.

5. Please archive this sheet as appropriate.

Note: A quarterly index with a full set of VolumeContents Pages is available separately from TheStationery Office Ltd.

BD 63/07Volume 3, Section 2,Part 4

Inspection of HighwayStructures

Summary: This Standard sets out the Overseeing Organisations requirements forinspection of its highway structures.


THE HIGHWAYS AGENCY

TRANSPORT SCOTLAND

WELSH ASSEMBLY GOVERNMENTLLYWODRAETH CYNULLIAD CYMRU

THE DEPARTMENT FOR REGIONAL DEVELOPMENTNORTHERN IRELAND

Volume 3 Section 1Part 4 BD 63/07

February 2007

REGISTRATION OF AMENDMENTS

Amend Page No Signature & Date of Amend Page No Signature & Date ofNo incorporation of No incorporation of

amendments amendments

Registration of Amendments


February 2007

REGISTRATION OF AMENDMENTS

Amend Page No Signature & Date of Amend Page No Signature & Date ofNo incorporation of No incorporation of

amendments amendments

Registration of Amendments

VOLUME 3 HIGHWAY STRUCTURES:INSPECTION ANDMAINTENANCE

SECTION 1 INSPECTION

PART 4

BD 63/07

INSPECTION OF HIGHWAYSTRUCTURES

Contents

Chapter

1. Introduction

2. Scope

3. Maintenance Inspections

4. Records for Maintenance Inspections

5. Acceptance Inspections and Records

6. Health and Safety

7. References

8. Enquiries

Annex A Special Requirements: England

Annex B Special Requirements: Scotland

Annex C Special Requirements: Wales

Annex D Special Requirements: Northern Ireland


February 2007


Chapter 1Introduction

1. INTRODUCTION

Mandatory Requirements

1.1 Paragraphs of this Standard that are highlightedby being contained in a box are mandatory. Theremainder of the document contains advice andguidance.

General

1.2 This Standard describes the inspection andreporting requirements for highway structures onmotorways and other trunk roads or in Northern Irelandall designated roads, but should be read in conjunctionwith BD 53 (DMRB 3.1.6) – Inspection and Recordsfor Road Tunnels, when dealing with tunnels.

1.3 This Standard supersedes BD 63/94 (DMRB3.1.4) – Inspection of Highway Structures andBA 63/94 (DMRB 3.1.5) – Inspection of HighwayStructures, which are hereby withdrawn.Information previously contained in BA 63/94 cannow be found in the Annexes detailing SpecialRequirements for the Overseeing Organisations orin the Inspection Manual for Highway Structures.

1.4 This Standard covers the use of the InspectionManual for Highway Structures and should be read inconjunction with BD 62/07 (DMRB 3.2.1) – As Built,Operational and Maintenance Records for HighwayStructures.

1.5 Consideration should also be given to theguidance contained in Management of HighwayStructures: A Code of Practice.

Background

1.6 The inspection requirements described in thisStandard are based on the following overarchingprinciples:

a. To detect in good time any defect that may causean unacceptable safety or serviceability risk or aserious maintenance requirement in order tosafeguard the public, the structure and theenvironment and to enable appropriate remedialaction to be taken.

b.

c.

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To provide information that enables themanagement and maintenance of a stock ofstructures to be planned on a rational basis in asystematic manner.

To ensure that inspections are undertaken bysuitably experienced and competent staff.

These overarching principles align withagement of Highway Structures: A Code oftice.

initions

The following definitions apply in this Standard:

Agent – a party appointed by the OverseeingOrganisation to manage highway assets on theirbehalf, e.g. Maintaining Agent, Managing Agent,Managing Agent Contractor, Trunk Road Agent,Concessionaire, Service Provider or OperatingCompany. Where the Overseeing Organisationmanages the highway assets internally, the Agentwill be the branch or section to which the dutieshave been delegated.

Supervising Engineer – the engineer within theAgent who supervises the inspection programmeand is ultimately responsible for inspections ofhighway structures.

Contractor – the organisation contracted by theOverseeing Organisation or the Agent toundertake construction works on its behalf.

Designer – the organisation responsible for theoverall design including proprietary components.

Defects Liability Period – the period, asspecified in the contract, following completion ofthe project during which the Contractor will beliable for defects in their work. This may also bereferred to as the Defects Correction Period,Period of Maintenance or Prescriptive Period. Ingeneral, and in the absence of an expressprovision to the contrary, the Defects LiabilityPeriod provisions are in addition to, and not insubstitution for, the common law rights.

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Chapter 1Introduction

Implementation

1.9 This Standard must be used forthwith for theinspection of highway structures on motorwaysand other trunk roads or in Northern Ireland alldesignated roads. Specific requirements for thefour Overseeing Organisations in England,Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland are given inAnnexes A to D respectively of this Standard.

1.10 The programme for inspection of structuresmust be agreed between the Agent and theOverseeing Organisation.

Quality Assurance and Audit

1.11 Agents must amend, if necessary, theirQuality Assurance system to reflect therequirements of this Standard.

1.12 The Overseeing Organisation reserves the right toaudit Agents against this Standard, including but notrestricted to, inspector competence and training,inspection regimes and Health and Safety arrangements.

Feedback

1.13 Any feedback on the use of this Standardmust be provided in accordance with HD 34/03(DMRB 5.3.1) Implementation and Use of theStandard Improvement System.

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Chapter 2Scope

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2. SCOPE

2.1 This Standard applies to highway structuresover, under or alongside motorways and othertrunk roads or in Northern Ireland all designatedroads.

2.2 Some special types of structures, for example,cable stayed bridges, may require different inspectionregimes to those described in this Standard. It is theresponsibility of the Agent to identify these structures.The Overseeing Organisation, based on their knowledgof the structures stock, may also inform the Agent ofstructures that require special consideration.

2.3 The Agent must determine an appropriateinspection regime for special structures and agreeit with the Overseeing Organisation beforeproceeding.

Table 1 Highway Structure

Structure Type Definition

Bridge, buried structure, A structure supporting subway underpass, culvert it crosses an obstacle (eand any other similar or flood plain) or a servstructure road, railway or canal)

ORA structure supporting a service (e.g. local roacanal) over the highway

Earth retaining structure A structure associated whighway where the domis to retain earth

Reinforced/strengthened A structure associated wsoil/fill structure with hard highway where the domfacings is to stabilise the slope

earth

Sign and/or signal gantry Portal and cantilever ga(see Notes 2 and 3) support signs and/or sig

e

2.4 Table 1 suggests the scope of highway structuresthat should be considered for inspection. The specificrequirements of each Overseeing Organisation areprovided in the Annexes.

2.5 The scope described in Table 1 does not negatethe inspector’s duty of care under Health and Safetylegislation to report any safety hazards they encounterthat are outside the scope of their inspection. Inspectorsshould be careful to note any deficiencies at or near thestructure which, in their opinion, may constitute asignificant safety hazard. They should report these tothe Supervising Engineer at the earliest possibleopportunity.

s to be Considered for Inspection

Scope (see Note 1)

the highway as All structures with a clear span or.g. river, valley internal diameter greater than 0.9mice (e.g. local (0.9m or greater in Scotland)

the passage ofd, railway,

ith the All structures with an effective retainedinant function height, i.e. the level of fill at the back

of the structure above the finishedground level at the front of thestructure, of 1.5m or greater

ith the All structures with an effective retainedinant function height of 1.5m or greater

and/or retain

ntries that Structural aspects of all sign/signalnals gantries


Chapter 2Scope

Structure Type Definition Scope (see Note 1)

Mast Cantilever mast for traffic signal Structural aspects of all cantilever(see Note 3) masts

High mast for lighting Structural aspects of all lighting mastsof 20m or greater, i.e. the verticaldistance from top of post to bottom offlange

Mast for camera, radio, speed camera Structural aspects of all mastsand telecommunication transmissionequipment

Catenary lighting support system Structural aspects of all catenarysupport systems

Highway signs on posts As agreed by the OverseeingOrganisation

Access gantry A moveable structure providing All moveable access gantries(see Note 4) access to a highway asset, typically

for bridge inspection and maintenance

Tunnels An enclosed length of road of 150m Structural aspects of all tunnels (referor more to BD 53 for other criteria relevant to

tunnels, e.g. M&E requirements)

Other structures Other structures that are within the Structures providing service onlyfootprint of the highway, e.g. service/ crossings either above or below theutility crossings carriageway

Other structures not in above subgroup As agreed by the Overseeingas agreed with Overseeing Organisation Organisation

Third Party structures Any of the above categories but owned As agreed with the Overseeingby others, e.g. private owners or utility Organisationcompanies

Notes for Table 1:

1. Highway structures which are marginally outside these dimensions, especially those which are subject tohydraulic action, may be included within the scope of this Standard by agreement with the OverseeingOrganisation. Also see the Annexes for specific requirements.

2. Where sign/signal gantries are also subject to separate Electrical and Mechanical inspections, the Agentshould ensure that staff undertaking any inspection are instructed to be vigilant at all times and report defectsof any nature considered to require urgent attention.

3. Signs/signal gantries and masts – structural aspects should include foundations, columns, beams, arms andany structural connections between these. The inspection should also give due consideration to anysignificant attachments and their connections.

4. All access gantries should be subject to inspections in accordance with The Institution of StructuralEngineers publication The Operation and Maintenance of Bridge Access Gantries and Runways.

February 20072/2


Chapter 2Scope

2.6 Where other owners have structures within thefootprint of the Overseeing Organisation’s highway,they are responsible for ensuring the safety, integrityand adequacy of those structures. In certain cases theOverseeing Organisation can be reasonably confidenton the basis of available information that other ownersare acting responsibly and have an adequate regime ofinspections in place. Where this conclusion cannot bejustified the Overseeing Organisation, or their Agent ifinstructed, will liaise with the other owner, in the widerinterest of public safety, to understand their regime ofinspections. However, this does not negate theresponsibility of the Agent to check all structures withinthe footprint of the highway during Safety Inspections(3.10 to 3.17) in the wider interest of public safety.

February 2007 2/3


Chapter 3Maintenance Inspections

IONS
3. MAINTENANCE INSPECT
Introduction

Inspection Types

3.1 This section describes the five types ofmaintenance inspection that should be used for highwaystructures; these are:

a. Safety Inspection;

b. General Inspection;

c. Principal Inspection;

d. Special Inspection;

e. Inspection for Assessment.

3.2 The overall purpose and format of each type ofinspection are described. The required frequency ofinspection and/or initiating event is also described.

Competence of Inspection Staff

3.3 All maintenance inspections must beundertaken by personnel that are judged by theAgent/Supervising Engineer to satisfy theminimum health, experience and, whereappropriate, qualification requirements for theparticular inspection type.

3.4 Personnel supervising and/or undertakinginspections must also comply with any requirementset down by the Overseeing Organisation.

3.5 The Agent must agree the minimumrequirements with the Overseeing Organisation.

3.6 When defining the minimum requirements theAgent/Supervising Engineer should:

• comply with any Overseeing Organisationrequirements; and

• give due consideration to the requirementsdescribed in the Inspection Manual for HighwayStructures and any developments in regional andnational inspector training courses.

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3.7 The Supervising Engineer should be a CharteredCivil or Structural Engineer with a background indesign, construction or maintenance of highwaystructures.

3.8 Dependent on the inspection type and structurecharacteristics, the appropriate personnel may bejudged by the Agent/Supervising Engineer to be aninspector, engineer, specialist staff or a team thatcomprises some combination of these, subject to therequirements of paragraph 3.4.

Immediate Risk to Public Safety

3.9 The Agent must establish a procedure,common to all maintenance inspections, wherebyinspection staff have a clearly defined duty toinform the Supervising Engineer or designatedstaff, at the earliest possible opportunity, of anydefect that may represent an immediate risk topublic safety and/or structural stability.

Safety Inspection

3.10 The purpose of a Safety Inspection is to identifyobvious deficiencies which represent, or might lead to,a danger to the public and, therefore, require immediateor urgent attention.

3.11 Safety Inspections are not specific to highwaystructures and generally cover all fixed assets on thehighway network, including carriageways, footways,structures, drainage, verges and lighting. SafetyInspections are normally carried out by trained highwaymaintenance staff from a slow moving vehicle, althoughalternatives may be acceptable to the OverseeingOrganisation. In certain circumstances staff may need toproceed on foot either to confirm suspected defects orto complete the inspection. For example, some bridgesmay require a weekly or monthly walkover.

3.12 Safety Inspections should be undertaken atfrequencies which ensure the timely identification ofsafety related defects and reflect the importance of aparticular route or asset. Safety inspections may also beas a result of notification of a defect by a third party,e.g. police or public.

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3.13 As such, a Safety Inspection only provides acursory check of those parts of a highway structure thatare visible from the highway with the aim of identifyingany obvious deficiencies or signs of damage anddeterioration that may require urgent attention or maylead to accidents or high maintenance costs, e.g.collision damage to superstructure or bridge supports,damage to parapets, spalling concrete and insecureexpansion joint plates.

3.14 Safety Inspections for highway structuresmust be carried out at frequencies which ensure thetimely identification of safety related defects andreflect the importance of a particular route or asset.The frequencies must adhere to any specificrequirements set down by the OverseeingOrganisation and also give due regard to anyspecial considerations, for example, does thestructure form, material, usage or locationinfluence the required frequency.

3.15 In addition to planned Safety Inspections,Agents have a corporate responsibility to safetythat requires all staff to report anything on thenetwork needing urgent attention, including defectson highway structures. To facilitate this, Agentsmust encourage their staff to be vigilant at all timeswhen moving around the network.

3.16 Should any Safety Inspection, or othersource, reveal a possible defect requiring urgentattention, including defects that may represent ahazard to road, rail and other users, the Agent mustimmediately take such action as is required tosafeguard the public and/or sustain structuralfunctionality. The Overseeing Organisation andany other owner of the structure must be informedwithout delay.

3.17 Appropriate follow-up action for a highwaystructure in response to a concern raised by a SafetyInspection normally includes a “call-out” whereby amember of the highway structures team will visit thesite to determine whether or not further action isrequired, e.g. close structure to traffic, carry out aSpecial Inspection, undertake detailed testing, andschedule remedial works. Details of Special Inspectionsare provided in paragraphs 3.39 to 3.49.

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General Inspection

3.18 The purpose of a General Inspection is to provideinformation on the physical condition of all visibleelements on a highway structure.

3.19 A General Inspection comprises a visualinspection of all parts of the structure that can beinspected without the need for special access equipmentor traffic management arrangements. This shouldinclude adjacent earthworks and waterways whererelevant to the behaviour or stability of the structure.Riverbanks, for example, in the vicinity of a bridgeshould be examined for evidence of scour or flooding orfor conditions, such as the deposition of debris orblockages to the waterway, which could lead to scour ofbridge supports or flooding.

3.20 Prior to undertaking a General Inspection, theinspector should review the structure records tofamiliarise themselves with the characteristics of thestructure, the condition at the time of the last inspectionand any significant maintenance/modifications since thelast inspection. A method statement should be prepared,and agreed by the Supervising Engineer, beforeundertaking the inspection. The Inspection Manual forHighway Structures provides details of a suitablereview and method statement for a General Inspection.

3.21 General Inspections must be scheduled for24 month intervals and carried out at the scheduleddates. When a General Inspection coincides with adue Principal Inspection only the latter isundertaken. Tolerance on the scheduled date maybe permitted in accordance with paragraphs 3.51and 3.52 or the agreed programme.

3.22 The programme of General Inspections mustbe agreed with the Overseeing Organisation.

3.23 In certain circumstances more frequentinspections may be required, for example, when astructure is known or suspected to be subject to a rapidchange in condition or circumstances. In suchcircumstances the Supervising Engineer shouldsupplement the General Inspection with otherinspections/activities, for example:

February 2007



• Special Inspections – may be appropriate wherespecific parts of the structure require morefrequent inspection to ascertain condition, e.g.bridge piers situated in a fast flowing river.Further details on Special Inspections are givenin paragraphs 3.39 to 3.49.

• Monitoring – periodic or continuous monitoringmay be appropriate to check against a specificproblem from worsening, e.g. crack growth anddeformations.

3.24 Supplementary inspections/activities mustbe agreed by the Overseeing Organisation beforebeing implemented by the Agent. The agreedinspections/activities and the reasons for adoptingthem must be fully documented.

Principal Inspection

3.25 The purpose of a Principal Inspection is toprovide information on the physical condition of allinspectable parts of a highway structure. A PrincipalInspection is more comprehensive and provides moredetailed information than a General Inspection.

3.26 A Principal Inspection comprises a closeexamination, within touching distance, of allinspectable parts of a structure. This should includeadjacent earthworks and waterways where relevant tothe behaviour or stability of the structure. A PrincipalInspection should utilise as necessary suitableinspection techniques, access and/or trafficmanagement works. Suitable inspection techniques thatshould be considered for a Principal Inspection includehammer tapping to detect loose concrete cover andpaint thickness measurements. Testing is not arequirement for a Principal Inspection.

3.27 The Agent may use appropriate alternatives toclose examination for areas of difficult or dangerousaccess, e.g. obscured parts of a structure and confinedspaces. Closed circuit television may be an appropriatealternative in some circumstances.

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3.28 Alternatives to close examination must beagreed with the Overseeing Organisation beforebeing used by the Agent. The Agent must fullydocument the reasons for adopting the alternativeapproach. Alternatives must provide comparablequality of inspection information to closeexamination.

.29 When planning Principal Inspections the Agenthould seek to identify opportunities that make effectivese of resources, i.e. combining a Principal Inspectionith other activities in order to share special access

quipment and/or traffic management works. Forxample, a Principal Inspection may be combined with Special Inspection, monitoring activities, detailedesting work or routine/planned maintenance, whenppropriate.

.30 BA 35/90 (DMRB 3.3.2) provides guidance onimited site testing that may be undertaken as part of apecial Inspection for concrete structures, i.e. half-cellotential, chloride level, covermeter and depth ofarbonation. Agents may find it appropriate to combinehese Special Inspection activities with a Principalnspection in some circumstances.

.31 Prior to undertaking a Principal Inspection, thenspector/engineer should review all the structureecords. A method statement should be prepared, andgreed by the Supervising Engineer, before undertakinghe inspection. The Inspection Manual for Highwaytructures provides details of a suitable review andethod statement for a Principal Inspection.

3.32 Principal Inspections must be carried out atsix year nominal intervals, as a replacement of aGeneral Inspection due in accordance with 3.21.Variations on this six year period are permitted byparagraphs 3.34 to 3.38. Tolerance on the agreednominal period may be permitted in accordancewith paragraphs 3.51 and 3.52 or the agreedprogramme.

3.33 The programme of Principal Inspectionsmust be agreed with the Overseeing Organisation.

3.34 In certain circumstances more frequent PrincipalInspections may be required and justifiable, forexample, when a structure is known or suspected to besubject to a rapid change in condition or circumstances

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and a General Inspection is not sufficient to provide theaccess/information required. However, only part of thestructure may be of concern and a more efficientapproach may be to supplement the Principal Inspectionwith other activities, e.g. Special Inspections ormonitoring. This approach can be used to provide thenecessary information and make more efficient use ofresources.

3.35 A shorter Principal Inspection interval and/or supplementary inspections/activities must beagreed by the Overseeing Organisation beforebeing implemented by the Agent. The agreedinterval and/or inspections/activities and thereasons for adopting it/them must be fullydocumented.

3.36 A longer Principal Inspection interval ispermitted provided a risk assessment is undertaken. Therisk assessment should give due consideration to all theelement types on the structure.

3.37 A longer Principal Inspection interval mustbe agreed by the Overseeing Organisation beforebeing implemented by the Agent. The riskassessment and interval must be fully documentedand agreed by the Overseeing Organisation.

3.38 Principal Inspection intervals determinedthrough risk assessment must not exceed twelveyears.

Special Inspection

3.39 The purpose of a Special Inspection is to providedetailed information on a particular part, area or defectthat is causing concern, or inspection of which isbeyond the requirements of the General/PrincipalInspection regime.

3.40 A Special Inspection may comprise a close visualinspection, testing and/or monitoring and may involve aone-off inspection, a series of inspections or anongoing programme of inspections. As such, SpecialInspections are tailored to specific needs. Refer toBD 79/06 (DMRB 3.4.18) for monitoring associatedwith the management of substandard structures.

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3.41 Special Inspections are carried out when a needis identified. For example, based on the specificcharacteristics of the structure, identified by a General,Principal or Safety Inspection, to follow certain events,or to consider parts of the structure more closely or at amore frequent interval that the normal General/Principal Inspection regime. Examples are provided inparagraph 3.44.

3.42 All Special Inspections must be agreed bythe Overseeing Organisation.

3.43 A “call-out” site visit as described in paragraph3.17 is not categorised as a Special Inspection and assuch the Agent is not required to agree this activity withthe Overseeing Organisation. However, paragraph 3.16requires the Agent to inform the OverseeingOrganisation and other parties.

3.44 Special Inspections should be considered for, butnot restricted to, the following:

a. Cast iron structures, at intervals not exceedingsix months.

b. Structures strengthened by the use of bondedplates, at intervals of six months for the first twoyears and thereafter in accordance with theintervals prescribed in the maintenance records.

c. Structures that have weight restrictions, or otherforms of restriction to reduce traffic loading, atintervals not exceeding six months or as agreedby the Overseeing Organisation.

d. Structures that have to carry an abnormal heavyload. The structure should be inspected before,during and after the passage of the load if either:

• an assessment has indicated that themargin of safety is below that which wouldbe provided for a design to currentStandards; or

• similar loads are not known to have beencarried.

e. Structures in areas of mineral extraction, whensubsidence occurs.

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f. Structures if settlement is observed greater thanthat allowed for in the design. The cause shouldbe identified and steps taken to monitor the rateof settlement and to assess the urgency ofremedial measures.

g. Structures involved in a major accident, chemicalspillage or fire. The inspection should investigatethe damage to the structure.

h. Probing of river bridge foundations afterflooding. Where probing indicates the possibilityof scour, further Underwater Inspection should becarried out (see paragraphs 3.46 to 3.49).

i. Permanent access gantries prior to use and atintervals in accordance with The Institution ofStructural Engineers report on The Operation andMaintenance of Bridge Access Gantries andRunways.

j. Hoists, winches and associated cables. Theyshould be inspected in accordance with therelevant chapters of the Factories Act.

k. Post tensioned concrete bridges as described inBA 50/93 (DMRB 3.1.3).

3.45 Further examples of when Special Inspectionsshould be considered are provided in the InspectionManual for Highway Structures.

Underwater Inspection

3.46 An Underwater Inspection is a specific type ofSpecial Inspection concerned with parts of highwaystructures that are below water level.

3.47 In addition to 3.44(h), a programme ofUnderwater Inspections must be implemented forstructures where the foundations and parts of thestructure are below water level. The inspectionmust record the condition below water level, theexisting stream bed profiles and any evidence ofscour.

3.48 The programme for Underwater Inspectionsmust be agreed with the Overseeing Organisation.

3.49 For further guidance see the Inspection Manualfor Highway Structures. Also see BA 74/06 (DMRB3.4.21) which provides guidance on inspections forhighway bridges subject to scour.

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pection for Assessment

0 The purpose of an Inspection for Assessment isprovide information required to undertake auctural assessment. BD 21/01 (DMRB 3.4.3)vides guidance on undertaking an Inspection forsessment and recommends that these be done injunction with a Principal Inspection.

heduling Inspections

1 Inspections should be scheduled to make thest efficient use of resources and to minimiseturbance to the public, e.g. schedule inspections toe advantage of traffic management measures planned other reasons.

2 General and Principal Inspections should ideallyscheduled in accordance with paragraphs 3.21 and2, although a rational schedule that takes account of stock characteristics should be developed. It mightappropriate, for example, to undertake allpections along a particular route or in a particulara at the same time. In such circumstances theeduled date of an inspection may be varied by up to months provided the Supervising Engineer isisfied that any marginally increased inspectionerval is acceptable. The timing of the followingneral or Principal inspection should remain as per original schedule, and should not be changed toommodate the altered timing of this inspection.

3 The ± 6 month variation does not apply incumstances where a shorter or longer inspectionerval has been agreed by the Overseeingganisation (see paragraphs 3.23, 3.24, 3.34 and 3.38).

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ANCE INSPECTIONS

Chapter 4Records for Maintenance Inspections

4. RECORDS FOR MAINTEN

Introduction

4.1 Inspection records provide important informationfor identifying, assessing, quantifying and prioritisingmaintenance in a systematic manner. This sectiondescribes the core records that should be created as aresult of each type of maintenance inspection. AnnexesA to D describe additional requirements for eachOverseeing Organisation and provide specific details ofhow their respective management systems deal withmaintenance inspection records.

4.2 Inspection information must be recorded inthe format set down by the OverseeingOrganisation (see Annexes A to D).

4.3 Where a format is not specified the Agentmust produce records that are appropriate to thescope and detail of the inspection type and thatgive a clear and accurate indication of thestructure’s condition.

4.4 Where a format is not specified by theOverseeing Organisation the Agent should, wherepossible, seek to develop and use Standardised formatsfor inspection records. The format should be clear,follow a logical sequence and incorporate all thenecessary information. This format should be relativelyconsistent from one inspection cycle to the next in orderto assist and streamline maintenance planning andmanagement.

4.5 In addition to the information describedbelow, inspection records must also contain thedate of the inspection, those responsible forundertaking the inspection, general informationabout the structure (e.g. name, reference andlocation) and details of the prevailing weatherconditions at the time of the inspection.

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mmediate Risk to Public Safety

4.6 The procedure described in 3.9 must resultin a record of the defect identified and/or safetyconcern raised, including times and dates, and thesubsequent action planned/taken.

afety Inspection

4.7 Records for safety inspections must becreated and maintained in accordance with therequirements of the Overseeing Organisation.

4.8 When urgent action is required theprocedure described in 3.9 and 4.6 must befollowed.

eneral Inspection

4.9 The records created by a General Inspectionmust include as a minimum an indication of thelocation, severity, extent and type of any defects.

.10 Specific requirements for the Overseeingrganisations are given in Annexes A to D.

rincipal Inspection

4.11 A Principal Inspection must include a reviewof the completeness and accuracy of the inventoryrecords (see Annexes A to D for additionalrequirements). Any deficiencies in the recordsshould be rectified as part of the PrincipalInspection.

4.12 The records created/updated by a PrincipalInspection must include the following as aminimum:

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Chapter 4Records for Maintenance Inspections

a. The location, severity, extent and type of alldefects on the structure, including, whereappropriate, detailed descriptions and/orphotographs (or sketches) of the defects thatclearly identify their location and illustratethe severity/extent of damage.

b. For bridges over roads the relevantheadroom information based onmeasurements taken during the inspection.

c. Any significant change (e.g. works carriedout or deterioration) since the last PrincipalInspection.

d. Any information relevant to the integrity andstability of the structure.

e. The scope and timing of any remedial orother actions required before the nextinspection.

f. The need for a Special Inspection, additionalinvestigations and/or monitoring.

g. A description of any testing that wasundertaken, details of the informationcollected and an interpretation of theinformation.

4.13 Specific requirements for the OverseeingOrganisations are given in Annexes A to D.

Special Inspection

4.14 The records created by a Special Inspectionmust include the following as a minimum:

a. Background and reasons for the SpecialInspection.

b. A detailed description of the condition ofthose parts of the structure that have beeninspected including, where appropriate,photographs and/or sketches.

c. Any significant change (e.g. works carriedout or deterioration) since the lastmaintenance inspection to those parts of thestructure that have been inspected.

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d. A description of any testing that wasundertaken, details of the informationcollected and an interpretation of theinformation.

e. Any information relevant to the integrity andstability of the structure.

f. The scope and timing of any remedial orother actions required before the nextinspection.

g. The need for any additional investigationsand/or monitoring.

h. All aspects identified and/or required by theMonitoring Specification for structuresmanaged in accordance with BD 79.

pection for Assessment

5 BD 21/01 (DMRB 3.4.3) provides guidance on information required from an Inspection forsessment which would be recorded as part of thesessment Report.

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ONS

Chapter 5Acceptance Inspections

5. ACCEPTANCE INSPECTI

General

5.1 A successful Acceptance Inspection requiresliaison and cooperation between the OverseeingOrganisation, the current occupier and/or owner, Agentand Contractor, as well as within the OverseeingOrganisation. Contact details for the OverseeingOrganisations are provided in the Annexes.

Introduction

5.2 In general, the purpose of an AcceptanceInspection is to provide a formal mechanism forexchanging information and documenting and agreeingthe current status of, and outstanding work on, astructure prior to changeover of responsibility foroperation, maintenance and safety from one party toanother. This includes an inspection after changeover,e.g. at the end of the Defects Liability Period (DLP). AnAcceptance Inspection is mainly for the benefit of theparty taking over responsibility for the structure.

5.3 The format, content and timing of an AcceptanceInspection depends on its specific purpose. Three typesof Acceptance Inspection are generally used: PreOpening Inspection (POI), a Defects LiabilityInspection (DLI) and a Transfer Inspection. TheseAcceptance Inspections are described in this Standard.

5.4 A POI and a DLI must be undertaken fornew structures, reconstructions, and majormodifications prior to changeover of responsibilityand the end of DLP respectively. A TransferInspection relates to existing structures and occurseither at transfer of responsibility or ownership ofthe structure, or at handback of the structure at theend of a concession period. For the purpose of thisStandard, transfer of responsibility does notinclude the transfer of structures between Agentsduring or at the start/end of their contract unlessagreed by the Overseeing Organisation.

February 2007

5.5 The term “major modification” in paragraph5.4 must include any bridge widening,strengthening, replacement of structural membersand/or major refurbishments. The need forAcceptance Inspections on other majormodifications must be agreed by the OverseeingOrganisation.

5.6 An Acceptance Inspection is normally carried outor organised by the party taking over responsibility inliaison with the current occupier and/or owner whoshould be notified and given the opportunity to attend.The inspection should be carried out by the party takingover responsibility but accompanied by representativesof the current owner/occupier to facilitate agreement,together with any other party considered appropriate.Accepted variations to this are set out in the relevantclauses of this Section. Table 2 provides guidance onthe parties that should be notified of an AcceptanceInspection.

5.7 The whole structure must be inspected in anAcceptance Inspection.

Pre Opening Inspection

5.8 Upon receipt of the Contractor’s notificationthat works are complete a POI must be carried out.The POI may take the form of a General orPrincipal Inspection, as agreed with the OverseeingOrganisation.

5.9 The inspection must be carried out by theAgent, or other party designated by the OverseeingOrganisation, about one month before the issue ofthe completion documentation or the opening/re-opening of the structure to the public.

5.10 Wherever possible the opportunity should betaken to make use of existing traffic management andaccess arrangements and/or to combine the POI, ifappropriate, with inspections/checks schedule under theconstruction contract.

5/1



5.11 The Agent should be aware that the responsibilityfor checking and accepting the works on any structureand what this entails will depend on the form ofcontract and the wording included therein. Undernormal contractual arrangements and existingStandards, it is the responsibility of the Contractor and/or Designer to carry out checks/inspections duringconstruction and, in collaboration with the OverseeingOrganisation, or other party designated by theOverseeing Organisation, produce a snagging list priorto completion. These inspections/checks facilitate theissue of completion documentation.

5.12 Responsibility for arranging a POI lies withthe Overseeing Organisation, or other partydesignated by the Overseeing Organisation, andmust include notifying the Contractor and otherinterested parties (see Table 2). The Contractor’sapproval must be obtained before undertaking theinspection as they retain responsibility for the siteuntil completion of the changeover.

5.13 In normal circumstances the Contractor would beexpected to facilitate the inspection with the provisionof access equipment as they retain responsibility for thesite.

5.14 The POI must record any defects or workoutstanding under the contract and any works thatmust be completed prior to the Agent takingresponsibility for the maintenance of the structure.

5.15 Following the POI, the Agent, or other partydesignated by the Overseeing Organisation, mustproduce a POI report/record informing theOverseeing Organisation of all defects/workoutstanding identified during the inspection. Thereport/record must be in accordance withparagraphs 5.35 to 5.39.

5.16 The Overseeing Organisation must informthe Contractor, in the way laid down in thecontract, of all the defects/work outstanding andagree those that need to be completed prior to roadopening.

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5.17 The Overseeing Organisation, or partydesignated by the Overseeing Organisation, mustcheck that all necessary certification has beensupplied prior to the issue of the completiondocumentation in accordance with the contract.

5.18 Once the Overseeing Organisation hasaccepted that the structure can be handed over,they must arrange for the Agent and othernecessary parties to be formally notified.

.19 The records to be created/transferred as part of aOI are referred to in paragraphs 5.35 to 5.39.

efects Liability Inspection

.20 It is normal for a construction contract to include DLP during which the Contractor will be liable forefects in their work. The DLP is also referred to as aefects Correction Period, Period of Maintenance orrescriptive Period. The DLP usually commences uponractical completion of the works and runs for theeriod specified in the contract.

.21 The scope of defects the Contractor is liable fors set out in the contract. The Contractor’s liabilityormally includes the responsibility for making goodny latent defects or developing problems that appear.

.22 In general, and in the absence of an expressrovision to the contrary, the DLP provisions are inddition to, and not in substitution for, the common lawights.

5.23 The Agent, or other party designated by theOverseeing Organisation, must undertakemaintenance inspections in accordance with thisStandard, or as agreed with the OverseeingOrganisation, during the DLP. This must includean inspection, General or Principal as appropriate,prior to the completion of the DLP to check that alllatent defects and developing problems aredetected before the expiry of contractualobligations. Any latent defects/developingproblems identified must be set down and agreedwith the Contractor as specified by the contract,and the outcome communicated to the OverseeingOrganisation.

February 2007



5.24 The timing of the inspection will dependupon the length of the DLP, but should besufficient to allow any agreed work to beundertaken by the Contractor before the end of theDLP and, if necessary, enforcement of contractualobligations.

5.25 A DLI must be carried out in the finalmonths of the DLP to confirm that all defectsidentified and agreed by the aforementionedinspection have been rectified. The outcome of theDLI must be communicated to the OverseeingOrganisation.

Transfer Inspections

5.26 Circumstances where the responsibility for anexisting structure changes from one party to anotherinclude transfer of structures (e.g. trunking anddetrunking) and handback of structures (e.g. after a PFIor PPP concession period). For both transfer andhandback it is the duty of the Overseeing Organisation,or their representative, to arrange the inspection, andthis should include notifying the current owner/occupier and other interested parties and giving themthe opportunity to attend.

Transfer of Existing Structures

5.27 An inspection must be carried out prior tothe transfer of responsibilities.

5.28 This should generally be a Principal Inspection,but a General Inspection may be used whereappropriate to the structure type and size. When theresults of a recent Principal Inspection are deemed to berelevant and sufficient then these may be used in placeof a Transfer Inspection.

5.29 The timing of the inspection should be sufficientto allow any agreed work to be undertaken by thecurrent owner/occupier before transfer.

5.30 The records to be created/transferred as part of atransfer are referred to in paragraphs 5.35 to 5.39.

Ha

5.3theagshofrelcothe

5.3to bypeob

5.3ha5.4

Ac

5.3wheitshrelthothr

5.3trabethe

February 2007

ndback of Structures

5.31 An inspection must be carried out prior tohandback at the end of a concession period.

2 The inspection should enable the comparison of current condition and performance of the structure

ainst the measures specified in the contract. Thisould include a Principal Inspection unless the results a recent Principal Inspection are deemed to beevant and sufficient. The outstanding work to bempleted would be based on the measures specified in contract.

3 The timing of the inspection should be sufficientallow any agreed outstanding work to be undertaken the Contractor before the end of the concessionriod and, if necessary, enforcement of contractualligations.

4 The records to be created/transferred as part of andback are referred to in paragraphs 5.35 to 5.39 and1.

ceptance Inspection Records

5 All Acceptance Inspections (except the DLIich is dealt with in paragraph 5.40) are forms ofher a General or a Principal Inspection. Recordsould therefore comply as a minimum with theevant requirements set down in this Standard forse inspections, and in addition with paragraphs 5.36ough 5.41.

6 The information and records created and/ornsferred as part of an Acceptance Inspection should commensurate with the circumstances and scope of inspection.

5.37 As a minimum, a POI and TransferInspection must facilitate the identification,documentation and agreement of the following;refer to paragraph 5.40 for the DLI:

a. Any defects to be rectified beforechangeover. This should include, asappropriate, the identification of developingproblems and work outstanding and securingagreement on any works to be completedbefore changeover.

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b. Any permanent access provisions andfeatures affecting general safety and securityof the structure. These must be discussed indetail and agreement reached beforechangeover.

c. Any outstanding responsibilities theContractor/existing owner retains aftertransfer; these must be made clear to theContractor/existing owner and the partytaking over responsibility.

d. Any Special Inspection requirements.

e. The date on which the changeover ofresponsibility occurs.

5.38 An Acceptance Inspection must alsofacilitate the identification and handover of all thenecessary records (electronic and/or hard copies),which have an impact on the current and futuremanagement of the structure. Details ofappropriate records for highway structures areprovided in BD 62/07 (DMRB 3.2.1).

5.39 The above information/records should besupplemented with any other information consideredrelevant to the current and future management of thestructure.

Defects Liability Inspection

5.40 The DLI must confirm that all defectsidentified and agreed by the DLP inspections havebeen rectified. Any defects that have not beenrectified must be reported to the OverseeingOrganisation. If latent defects/developing problemsare identified during the DLI, which were notpreviously identified as per paragraph 5.23, thenthese must be reported to the OverseeingOrganisation.

Handback of Structures

5.41 The Acceptance Inspection for handbackmust also facilitate the comparison of the currentcondition and performance of the structure againstthe measures specified in the contract.

E

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A

5mpoinbp

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fficient use of Inspection Resources

5.42 Acceptance and Maintenance Inspectionsmust be combined or aligned where appropriate inorder to make efficient use of resources.

ombining Inspections

.43 The POI should not be seen as a replacement forspections/checks carried out as part of the

onstruction contract, since the latter must comply withe appropriate contract requirements. However, theyay be combined when agreed by all parties.

ligning Inspections

.44 When a structure has only had minorodifications a PI should be substituted for the first

rogrammed GI if there has not been a PI on theriginal structure in the last 3 years. Where the workvolved major modifications the POI should include

oth the existing structure and new works (seearagraph 5.7).

February 2007



Table 2 Summary of Acceptance Inspections

Event Carried out by Notified (see Note 1) Outcomes Time

Pre Opening Overseeing Contractor, TAA, Inspection records About one month before theInspection Organisations Overseeing Organisation including any additions to issue of completion(POI) representative (or their representative) the defects/snagging list documentation or the

and/or Agent and/or Local Authority, (see Note 2), and opening/re-opening of theNetwork Rail, British facilitation of the structure to the publicWaterways etc as identification and transferappropriate of information and records

identified in paragraph 5.37

Defects Overseeing Contractor, Overseeing Confirmation of all defects Just prior to end of the DLPLiability Organisations Organisation (or their rectified and any latent – timing should be sufficientInspection representative representative) and/or defects and developing to allow any agreed(DLI) and/or Agent Local Authority, Network problems that were not outstanding work to be

Rail, British Waterways etc previously reported undertaken by the Contractoras appropriate before the end of the DLP

and, if necessary,enforcement of contractualobligations

Transfer Party taking Current owner and Agent Principal or General Prior to transfer – timingInspection over and/or Local Authority, Inspection records (identify should be sufficient to allow

responsibility Network Rail, British and agree any defects to be any agreed work to beWaterways etc as rectified before transfer or undertaken by the currentappropriate handback) owner/occupier before

Facilitate the identification transferand transfer of informationand records identified inparagraph 5.37

Handback Party taking Current Owner and Agent Principal Inspection records Prior to handback – timingInspection over and/or Local Authority, (identify and agree any should be sufficient to allow

responsibility Network Rail, British defects to be rectified any agreed outstanding workWaterways etc as before transfer or to be undertaken by theappropriate handback) Contractor before the end of

Facilitate the identification the concession period and, ifand transfer of information necessary, enforcement ofand records identified in contractual obligationsparagraph 5.37

Notes for Table 2:

1. The party carrying out the inspection should notify the parties listed. It is at the discretion of the notifiedparty as to whether they attend the inspection or not.

2. The defects/snagging list should have originated from the inspections/checks carried out during theconstruction period.

February 2007 5/5


Chapter 6Health and Safety

6. HEALTH AND SAFETY

Introduction

6.1 Inspections of highway structures, includingany testing, must be managed to comply withgeneral statutory and other relevant health andsafety requirements and any associatedRegulations and Approved Codes of Practice andguidance documents that amplify theserequirements. Agents must comply with theserequirements and the Overseeing Organisationsinternal safety procedures when planning andundertaking inspections of highway structures.

6.2 Health and Safety requirements that should begiven particular regard in relation to the inspection ofhighway structures include, but are not restricted to:

• Confined space inspection – a risk assessmentshould be used to identify those structures thatconstitute confined space hazards. Staffundertaking confined space inspection should beprovided with appropriate Personal ProtectiveEquipment and Safety Equipment, work permitsand training in diseases such as Leptospirosis.Staff should familiarise themselves withequipment prior to carrying out an inspection andundertake periodic checks to ensure it isfunctioning correctly.

• Encountering toxic mould – wherever mouldgrowth is encountered in a box girder, it shouldbe treated as toxic, and all inspection workceased until the level of toxicity has beenestablished as being within safe limits. Advice onsafety should be sought from the appropriateHealth and Safety Executive (see Annexes) andthe Overseeing Organisation kept informed.

• Working near/on railways – inspections near oron railways should be arranged with, and carriedout in full accordance with the requirements of,the relevant railway body.

•

•

6scM

February 2007

Diving operations for underwater inspections– all diving operations in the UK are covered byhealth and safety requirements and associatedRegulations and approved Codes of Practice. Alldivers involved in commercial operations arerequired to hold valid medical certificates, acompleted log book and a Health and Safetyapproved diving qualification.

Presence of Asbestos – Agents should have anAsbestos Management System in accordancewith the Control of Asbestos at Work Regulations2002 (CAWR) and any requirements set down bythe Overseeing Organisation. The AsbestosManagement System should enable the inspectorto check for the presence of asbestos containingmaterials prior to the inspection, thereby enablingappropriate action, in accordance with theAsbestos Management System, to be taken whenasbestos is present.

.3 More comprehensive information on health andafety requirements that should be considered whenarrying out inspections is provided in the Inspectionanual for Highway Structures.

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February 2007

Chapter 7References

7/1

7. REFERENCES

Design Manual for Roads and Bridges

BD 21 The Assessment of Highway Bridges andStructures (DMRB 3.4.3)

BD 53 Inspection and Records for Road Tunnels(DMRB 3.1.6)

BD 62 As Built, Operational and MaintenanceRecords for Highway Structures(DMRB 3.2.1)

BD 79 The Management of Sub-StandardHighway Structures (DMRB 3.4.18)

HD 34 Implementation and Use of the StandardsImprovement System (DMRB 5.3.1)

BA 35 Inspection and Repair of ConcreteStructures (DMRB 3.3.2)

BA 50 Post-tensioned Concrete Bridges:Planning, Organisation and Methods forCarrying Out Special Inspections(DMRB 3.1.3)

BA 74 Assessment of Scour at Highway Bridges(DMRB 3.4.21)

Other Publications

Management of Highway Structures: A Code ofPractice, The Stationery Office, 2005, ISBN 0 11552642 0

Inspection Manual for Highway Structures, TheStationery Office, 2007

Institution Guide: The Operation and Maintenance ofBridges Access Gantries and Runways, The Institutionof Structural Engineers, 2007

Control of Asbestos at Work Regulations 2002(CAWR), The Stationary Office, 2002, ISBN 0 11042918 4


February 2007 8/1

8. ENQUIRIES

All technical enquiries or comments on this Standard should be sent in writing as appropriate to:

Chief Highway EngineerThe Highways Agency123 Buckingham Palace RoadLondon G CLARKESW1W 9HA Chief Highway Engineer

Chief Road EngineerTransport ScotlandTrunk Roads and Professional Services8th Floor, Buchanan House58 Port Dundas RoadGlasgow J HOWISONG4 0HF Chief Road Engineer

Chief Highway EngineerTransport WalesWelsh Assembly GovernmentCathays Parks M J A PARKERCardiff Chief Highway EngineerCF10 3NQ Transport Wales

Director of Engineering (Acting)The Department for Regional DevelopmentRoads ServiceClarence Court10-18 Adelaide Street R J M CAIRNSBelfast BT2 8GB Director of Engineering (Acting)

Chapter 8Enquiries


February 2007

A.1 Requirements for the inspection of trunkroad highways structures in England by Agents areset out in the Highways Agency’s NetworkManagement Manual (NMM) Part 2, under“Records and Inspection of Highway Structures”.These requirements supersede those of IAN 38/02,IAN 45/02, IAN 62/05 and IAN 67/05.

A.2 Agents must comply with the NMM, andcompliance with NMM “Records and Inspection ofHighway Structures” is deemed to representcompliance with BD 63/07 (DMRB 3.1.4).

ANNEX A SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS: ENGLAND

Annex ASpecial Requirements: England

A/1


Annex BSpecial Requirements: Scotland

ANNEX B SPECIAL REQ

Introduction

B.1 The requirements in this Annex only relate tohighway structures on motorways and trunk roads inScotland. These requirements are in addition to thosecontained in the main body (Sections 1 to 6) of thisStandard.

B.2 The appropriate contact, in Scotland, with regardto this Standard is:

Bridges SectionTrunk Road Network Management DivisionTransport ScotlandBuchanan House58 Port Dundas RoadGlasgow, G4 0HF

Tel: 0141 272 7100e-mail: www.transportscotland.gov.uk

Table 3 Sco

February 2007

Structure Type

Bridge, buried structure, subway underpass, culvertand any other similar structure

Earth retaining structure

Reinforced/strengthened soil/fill structure with hardfacings

Sign and/or signal gantry

Masts

Access gantry

Tunnels

Other structures

Third Party structures

UIREMENTS: SCOTLAND

Scope

B.3 The scope of structures to be inspected byAgents to Transport Scotland is as described inTable 1 subject to the amendments shown inTable 3.

pe of Inspections

Scope of Structures to be Inspected

• All structures greater than or equal to 3 metersspans

• Culverts 2 to 3 meters span, or multi-cellculverts where the cumulative span is greaterthan or equal to 5 meters

• Corrugated metal culverts 0.9 metres or more inspan

• Pedestrian subways

As per Table 1 but greater than 1.5m


Structural aspects of large sign/signal gantries andlarge Variable Matrix Signs (VMS) signs

As per Table 1Highway signs and posts greater than 7m in height

As per Table 1

As per Table 1

As per Table 1

As per Table 1

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Maintenance Inspections

B.4 Safety, General and Principal Inspectionsmust include the inspection of all approach anddeparture safety fences, transitions andconnections.

Safety Inspections

B.5 Safety Inspections must be carried out inaccordance with contract requirements.

B.6 In accordance with paragraph 3.16, anyinstances of structural deterioration or behaviourslikely to indicate a reduction in carrying capacityor safety must be reported to Bridges Section.

Principal Inspection

B.7 Principal Inspections must be carried out inaccordance with the Guidance Note: Trunk RoadStructures: Principal Inspections for MaintenanceWorks Prioritisation.

B.8 The scope of a Principal Inspection must beextended to include concrete investigations wherethis is recommended by the Agent and agreed withthe Overseeing Organisation.

B.9 Where they exist for a structure, the recordsdescribed in BD 62/07 (DMRB 3.2.1) are arelevant consideration that must be referred toprior to carrying out a Principal Inspection.

B.10 When carrying out a Principal Inspection theAgent must check, amend and update theinformation held in the Transport Scotland BridgeManagement System (TSBMS).

B.11 Assistance with this task is provided within theTSBMS by the provision of a facility to view and/orprint a full inventory report of any structure. Thesereports should be called up and studied prior to andduring Principal Inspections so that errors andomissions can be spotted and rectified. Confidence inthe TSBMS relies on full and accurate data andresponsibility for achieving this rests with personnelcarrying out the Principal Inspections.

B.12 Bridges Section have developed procedures forPrincipal Inspections which allow Agents to use the

Tare

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S

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SBMS to report defects in structures by descriptionnd location, and give severity ratings withcommendations and estimates of repair costs.

B.13 Input of missing data and correction orerrors in the TSBMS must be carried out duringthe Principal Inspection.

.14 By this means a complete and reliable record ofll the structures will be ensured over future years.

pecial Inspections

B.15 The extent of the detailed investigations, themethods to be used and reporting requirementsmust be agreed with the Bridges Section.

spection Records

ll Inspections

B.16 Where defects are to be prioritised forinclusion in a maintenance programme the costsmust be included in the inspection records.

B.17 Records must include comments on defectsreported in the previous General or PrincipalInspection report and any works carried out sincethe last inspection.

afety Inspections

B.18 Safety Inspections must be recorded inaccordance with contract requirements.

eneral Inspections

B.19 The BE 11 Form, as included in this Annex,must be used for General Inspections.

B.20 The Agent must ensure that the date of thelast General Inspection is recorded in TSBMS.

rincipal Inspection

B.21 The findings of concrete investigations(paragraph B.8) must be submitted with PrincipalInspection records to the Bridges Section. The year

February 2007



of an initial concrete investigation or the year ofthe most recent concrete monitoring investigationmust be recorded in the TSBMS by the Agentwhen the Principal Inspections are carried out.

B.22 Information, in addition to paragraph 4.12,which must be recorded during a PrincipalInspection, includes a current GeneralArrangement (GA) drawing showing the locationof the photographs and the headroommeasurements and date measured. The GA shouldinclude a plan, elevation and cross section.

B.23 The Agent must ensure the date of the lastPrincipal Inspection is recorded in the TSBMS.

Programming Inspections

B.24 The two year and six year cyclic programmefor General and Principal Inspections are held inthe TSBMS. The Agent must enter the proposedand actual date of the General and PrincipalInspections.

B.25 The TSBMS provides reports on annualprogrammes, showing any backlog from previous years.

Acceptance Inspections

B.26 Issues relating to Acceptance Inspections shouldbe referred to Bridges Section. The Joint Inspection atthe end of the DLP shall constitute the equivalent of aninitial Principal Inspection.

Health and Safety

B.27 The appropriate Health and Safety Executive inScotland is:

Scotland East AreaBelford House59 Belford RoadEdinburghEH4 3UE

Telephone: 0131 247 2000

Scotland West Area375 West George StreetGlasgowG2 4LW

Telephone: 0141 275 3000

F

BBds

G

February 2007

orm BE 11

.28 An example of a blank and completed FormE 11 is attached to this Annex. The following providesetails of the fields included on the form and how theyhould be filled out.

eneral

Structure No. Enter the agreed number for thestructure.

Grid Ref. Enter the 10 figure grid reference.

Agent Code Enter the Agent code.

Agent Name Enter the Agent Name.

Structure Name Enter the structure name.

From/to span This applies to bridges, retainingwalls and high mast and catenarylighting and is to cater for thesituation where there is a widevariation in condition within spans,panels or lighting columns. Theintention is to allow for a morerealistic description of thecondition of the structure to bemade. For example, when there is alarge area of spalling on one spanonly of a multi-span bridge whichrequires immediate repair, aseparate report should be made forthe defective span.

Date of Enter the date in the form ofInspection 15-Jul-2006.

Inspected by Enter the inspectors name.

Type of Tick the box which corresponds toInspection the type of inspection (using G for

General, P for Principal and S forSpecial).

Overall The overall assessment of thecondition is to be inserted in thisfield, using G for good, F for fairand P for poor. This should nottake into account factors such asage.

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Estimated Costs, Extent, Severity, Work, Priority

B.29 The Estimated Costs, Extent, Severity, Work andPriority columns are to be completed using thefollowing scales. Only one entry is permitted in theextent/severity/work recommended and priority fieldsfor a given item for example, H/M in the priority fieldor R/C in the work recommended field areunacceptable.

Estimated This should be given for each item ofCost Work Recommended as a rough

guide to the cost involved. It shouldbe given in pounds and should notinclude Traffic Management Costsand Administration Fee.

Extent A No significant defect.B Slight, not more than 5% of

length or area affected.C Moderate, 5% - 20% affected.D Extensive, more than 20%

affected.

Severity 1 No significant defects.2 Minor defects of a non-urgent

nature.3 Defects which shall be included

for attention within the next.annual maintenance programme

4 Severe defects where urgentaction is needed.

Work A Add (new items to be providede.g. waterproofing).

B Item present but not inspected.C Change (e.g. replacement of a

defective bearing or parapet).P Paint.N No action at present, monitor

only.R Repair/maintain (repair to

concrete, clean grease, rod etc).S Silane impregnation.

B/4

Investigation 1 Alkali-Silica reaction.Types 2 Chloride contamination.

3 Carbonation.4 Corrosion of reinforcement/

prestressing cables.5 Structural steel paintwork.6 Accidental damage.7 Spalling of masonry, brick or

concrete.8 Chloride ion levels in reinforced

concrete decks beforewaterproofing or onre-waterproofing.

Investigation codes should only beused when actual work is notrecommended at this stage. If it is notpossible to give a realistic estimateof the costs at this stage, a nominalfigure of 1.00 should be entered.

Priority H High; work should be doneduring the next financial year toensure the safety of the public orsafeguard structural integrity oravoid a high cost penalty.

M Medium; work should be doneduring the next financial year;postponement carries some costpenalty.

L Low; work should be donewithin the next two financialyears.

PD Used for the identification ofpremature defects, and ‘F’ should beinserted against any item numberwhere the condition is inferior to thatwhich might be expected fromnormal wear and tear.

Comments Enter any comments that will assistthe interpretation of the defect codesand the planning of maintenanceactions.

February 2007



B.30 The combinations in Table 4 are the only oneswhich are valid and suitable for data input.Combinations such as ‘A2’ for Extent and Severity, or‘C3’ for Extent and Severity with a ‘L’ Priority areunacceptable. In the first example, the ‘A’ for extent (nosignificant defect) is inconsistent with ‘2’ for severity(minor defects of a non-urgent nature). The correctcodes should have been either ‘A1’ or ‘B2’. (Withappropriate codes in the other fields.) In the secondexample, the correct codes should have been either ‘C2’for Extent and Severity with ‘L’ for Priority or ‘C3’ forExtent and Severity with ‘M’ or ‘H’ for priority.

Table 4 Acceptable Combinations

Estimated Cost Extent Severity Work Recorded Priority

BLANK or 0 BLANK BLANK BLANK or S or B BLANK

BLANK or 0 A 1 BLANK BLANK

>0 BLANK BLANK A L or M or H

BLANK or 0 B or C or D 2 N BLANK

>0 B or C or D 2 R or C or P or 1-8 L

>0 B or C or D 3 R or C or P or 1-8 H or M

>0 B or C 4 R or C or P or 1-8 H

February 2007 B/5

Volume 3 Section 1

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63/07

B/6

Annex B

Special Requirem

ents: Scotland

t BE11/07

To Span

G F P

*Please tick

Comments

February 2007

Trunk Road/Motorway Structure Inspection Repor

Structure No. Grid Ref

Agent Code Agent Name

Structure Name From Span

Date of Inspection Inspected By

(e.g. 0 1 J U N 2 0 0 6

Type of Inspection* G P S Overall Assessment*

Defect Assessment Estimated Cost (£)

Extent Severity Work Priority PD

1. Foundations

2. Inverts and Aprons

3. Fenders

4. Piers and Columns

5. Abutments

6. Wing Walls

7. Retaining Walls and Revetments

8. Approach Embankments

9. Bearings

10. Main Beams / Tunnel Portals / Mast

11. Transverse Beams / Catenary Cables

12. Diaphragms or Bracings

13. Concrete Slab

14. Metal Deck Plates / Tunnel Linings

Volume 3 Section 1

Part 4 BD

63/07

Febr

Annex B

Special Requirem

ents: ScotlandBE11/07

Comments

NO

uary 2007B

/7

Defect Assessment (cont) Estimated Cost (£)

Extent Severity Work Priority PD

15. Jack Arches

16. Arch Ring / Corrugated Metal

17. Spandrels

18. Tie Rods

19. Drainage Systems

20. Waterproofing

21. Surfacing

22. Service Ducts

23. Expansion Joints

24. Parapets / Handrails / Safety Fencing*

25. Access Gantries or Walkways

26. Machinery

32. Dry Stone Walls

33. Troughing

*including Transitions and Connections

Was the remedial work recommended at previous inspection satisfactorily completed? Please tick. YES

If ‘NO’ please comment and indicate any remedial work recommended and priority

Reasons for Priority Allocation

Name

Signed

Date

Volume 3 Section 1

Part 4 BD

63/07

B/

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ents: Scotland

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MENTS: WALES

Annex CSpecial Requirements: Wales

ANNEX C SPECIAL REQUIRE

General

C.1 The specific requirements of Transport Waleswith respect to this Standard are set down in AdviceNote: Transport Wales Supplement to BD 62/07(DMRB 3.2.1) and BD 63/07 (DMRB 3.1.4), these onlyrelate to highway structures on motorways and trunkroads in Wales. These requirements are in addition tothose contained in this Annex and in the main body(Sections 1 to 6) of this Standard.

C.2 Agents, Designers and Contractors mustfollow the requirements set down in the AdviceNote and check they are working to the latestversion of the Advice Note.

C.3 The appropriate contact, in Wales, with regard tothis Standard and the Advice Note is:

Chief Bridge EngineerTransport WalesWelsh Assembly GovernmentCathays ParkCardiff, CF10 3NQ

Scope

C.4 The scope of structures to be inspected byAgents to Transport Wales is as described in Table1 in Section 2 of this Standard.


C.5 Safety, General and Principal Inspectionsmust include the inspection of all approach anddeparture safety fences, transitions andconnections.

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ty Inspections

.6 Safety Inspections must be carried out andcorded in accordance with the requirements set

own in the Trunk Road Maintenance ManualRMM).

eral Inspections

.7 The inspection procedures defined in thistandard and the Inspection Manual for Highwaytructures must be used.

cipal Inspections


.9 Previous General and Principal Inspectioncords must be reviewed before the forthcomingspection to identify any long standing issues.

.10 Where they exist for a structure, the recordsescribed in BD 62/07 (DMRB 3.2.1) are alevant consideration that must be referred to

rior to carrying out a Principal Inspection.

ial Inspections


.12 The extent of the detailed investigations, theethods to be used and reporting requirementsust be agreed with the Overseeing Organisation.

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Inspection Records

C.13 Inspections must be recorded in accordancewith procedures described in this Standard and theInspection Manual for Highway Structures.

General Inspections

C.14 A summary of the findings of a GeneralInspection must be reported on Form BE 11, seeAdvice Note.

Principal Inspections

C.15 The Principal Inspection report must includean updated Form ROADS 277 together withappropriate structure database data as required byTransport Wales, see Advice Note.

C.16 A written report of the observations,findings, causes and any recommended remediesmust be produced, see paragraphs C.20 to C.48 forguidance on the outline contents of a PrincipalInspection Report. One copy of the final reportmust be submitted to Transport Wales andsummarised on Form BE 11 together with oneadditional updated copy of Form ROADS 277.

Special Inspections

C.17 A written report of the observations,findings, causes and any recommended remediesmust be produced; see paragraphs C.20 to C.48 forguidance on the outline contents of a SpecialInspection Report. One copy of the final reportmust be submitted to Transport Wales summarisedon Form BE 11.

C.18 Where relevant, a Diving Report must besubmitted, see Advice Note.

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ealth and Safety

.19 The appropriate Health and Safety Executive inales is:

Government BuildingsPhase 1Ty GlasLlanishenCARDIFF CF14 5SH

Tel: 029 2026 3000Fax: 029 2026 3120

utline Contents of Principal and Special Inspectioneports

itle Sheet and Location Plans

.20 A Title Sheet should be provided.

.21 Location Plans – location of the structure should indicated on OS 1:50,000 and 1:2,500 plans.

eneral Arrangement

.22 Include A4 size copy of the GA, or if it is notailable, a sketch showing the form of construction.

asic data on the location, type and materials can bevered in the report by inclusion of a copy of Form

OADS 277, photo-reduced to A4 size, provided that it legible.

escription of Structure

.23 General Description – stating number of spans,ew, width, minimum headroom, highway carried,ghway or other obstacle crossed and approximate date construction.

.24 Deck Description – form of construction for mainck, service duct, beams, etc.

.25 End Supports – abutments, wing walls,ovement/construction joints, type of foundation,eatment of embankment slopes.

.26 Intermediate Supports – details of piers andundations.

C.27 Bearings and Articulation – sketch helpful.

C.28 Deck Ancillaries – surfacing details and finishes,deck expansion joints, waterproofing membrane,parapet, safety fence, fascia panels, etc.

February 2007



C.29 Drainage System – details of the deck and sub-structure/retaining wall system and outlet type.

C.30 Protective systems.

C.31 Permanent Access Equipment.

Maintenance History

C.32 Details of maintenance works which have beenundertaken since the last Principal Inspection.

Description of Inspection

C.33 Previous Inspections. Note the type and date ofthe last inspection and summarise the findings.

C.34 Name of Inspecting Engineer and Assistant,Date(s) of Inspection and Weather conditions.

C.35 Description of how inspection was undertaken –on foot, telescopic hoist, scaffolding, etc.

C.36 List areas not inspected – e.g. buried surfaces.

Reports

C.37 Comment upon the condition of each element.Record all defects and if none are observed then thisshould be stated. All members and location must beclearly referenced. Photographs or sketches could showthe location and extent of defects, superimposed on anelevation or plan of the element.

C.38 The size of the report will vary according to thesize, complexity and condition of the structure. Forexample, a small, recently constructed R.C. box culvertmay require a BE 11 with a short report includingphotographs; a medium span bridge in fair conditionmight have a report some 10 pages long; a large spangirder bridge in poor condition may require some 100pages of text, diagrams, photographs etc to give anadequate picture.

C.39 In complex cases, preliminary discussions withthe Overseeing Organisation should be held. It may alsobe useful to submit a preliminary outline or draft forapproval.

C.40 Where a Consulting Engineer is employed tocarry out the inspection, all the foregoing should betaken to be equally applicable. The Agent shouldindicate that the report is acceptable and confirmagreement to the recommendations.

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.41 A separate sub-report should be included foroveable bridges, where specialist inspectors are used

whether in-house or not).

.42 There should also be an individual sub-reportrepared for each Permanent Access Gantry. Thesehould be treated as separate structures, even thoughhere may be several such gantries per bridge.

hotographs

.43 A good colour photograph may save a good dealf intricate and tedious description. If there are severalhotographs, a sketch plan or elevation, with arrowshowing where the photographs were taken may also belearer than many words.

orms

.44 For every inspection, a BE 11 form must bencluded to show the Extent and Severity of anyefects; the type of action required; its priority andpproximate cost. This should be in addition to the copyor the Agent if they are not the organisation carryingut the inspection.

.45 A description of condition of each of the items onhe Inspection Form may need to be further sub-ivided, as for example, each of the 10 main beams of aeam-and-slab deck.

.46 Trunk Road Database Sheets as detailed in thedvice Note.

esting

.47 Limited testing is required for reinforcedoncrete structures as described in BA 35/90 (DMRB.3.2) and BD 43/03 (DMRB 2.4.2). The results of thisesting work should be incorporated in the Report.hould it be necessary to employ specialist consultantsor non-destructive testing, their report should bencluded. Similarly, any laboratory or chemical or othernalyses should be added with chloride concentrations,arbonation depths, half cell potentials, concrete coreest results etc. as appropriate.

est Results

.48 Cover meter reading, half cell, crack widths,hloride or carbonation results etc., and their locationsnd any key reference dimensions or levels should beecorded if they are to be monitored. The areas whichave been subject to silane treatment should be given inhe form of a simple sketch or elevation.

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Annex DSpecial Requirements: Northern Ireland

ANNEX D SPECIAL REQUIIRELAND

Introduction

D.1 The requirements in this Annex only relate todesignated roads in Northern Ireland. Theserequirements are in addition to those contained in themain body (Sections 1 to 6) of this Standard.

D.2 The appropriate contact, in Northern Ireland,with regard to this Standard is:

The Director of EngineeringRoads Service HeadquartersClarence Court10 to 18 Adelaide StreetBelfast, BT2 8GB

Table 5 Scope

Structure Type

February 2007

Bridge, buried structure, subway underpass, culvert anany other similar structure

Earth retaining structure

Reinforced/strengthened soil/fill structure with hardfacings

Sign and/or signal gantry

Masts (see Note 1)

Access gantry

Tunnels

Other structures

Third Party structures

Notes:1. For third party masts for camera, radio, speed camerato Third Party structures and paragraph 2.6.

REMENTS: NORTHERN

D.3 References in this Standard to organisations, andlegislation etc. will be deemed to refer to the NorthernIreland equivalent where appropriate.

D.4 This Standard supersedes Director ofEngineering Memo 70/04, which is hereby withdrawn.

Scope

D.5 The scope of structures to be inspected byAgents to the Roads Service is as described inTable 1 subject to the amendments shown inTable 5.

of Inspections

Scope of structures to be inspected

d 1. All structures of span 3 metres and greater2. Bridges/Culverts 1.8 to 3 metres span if cover to

road surface is less than 1 metre3. Multi-span Bridges/Culverts where the

cumulative span is greater than or equal to5 metres, if cover to road surface is less than1 metre

4. Corrugated metal culverts 0.9 metres or more inspan

5. Pedestrian subways



As per Table 1

As per Table 1

As per Table 1

As per Table 1

As per Table 1

As per Table 1

and telecommunication transmission equipment etc. refer

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Annex DSpecial Requirements: Northern Ireland


Safety Inspections

D.6 Safety Inspections are undertaken as part of thehighway safety inspection regime.

General Inspections

D.7 The inspection procedures defined in thisStandard and the Inspection Manual for HighwayStructures must be used.

D.8 General Inspections must include approach/departure safety fences and connections.

Principal Inspections

D.9 The inspection procedures defined in thisStandard and the Inspection Manual for HighwayStructures must be used.

D.10 Previous General and Principal Inspectionrecords must be reviewed before the forthcominginspection to identify any long standing issues.

D.11 Principal Inspections must include approach/departure safety fences and connections.

Inspection Records

D.12 Where a longer Principal Inspection intervalhas been agreed in accordance with paragraph 3.37the relevant information must be recorded on theRoads Service Bridge Management System(RSBMS).

D.13 Inspections must be recorded in accordancewith procedures described in the InspectionManual for Highway Structures.

Safety Inspections

D.14 No formal documentation required.

D.15 In accordance with paragraph 3.16, anyinstances of structural deterioration or behaviourslikely to indicate a reduction in carrying capacityor safety must be reported to the Roads ServiceDivisional Office.

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neral Inspections

6 The current reporting format for Generalpections can be obtained from the Overseeinganisation.

ncipal Inspection

D.17 Where they exist for a structure, the recordsdescribed in the Structure/Maintenance Manual oras described in BD 62/07 (DMRB 3.2.1) are arelevant consideration that must be referred toprior to carrying out a Principal Inspection.

D.18 When carrying out a Principal Inspection theAgent must check the information held in theRSBMS. The Agent must ensure the RSBMS isupdated for errors identified and/or missing datafollowing the inspection.

D.19 Additional information that must berecorded during a Principal Inspection includesany significant change or deterioration since thelast Principal Inspection.

0 The current reporting format for Principalpections can be obtained from the Overseeinganisation.

ceptance Inspections

1 Issues relating to Acceptance Inspections shouldreferred to the contact provided in paragraph D.2.

alth and Safety

2 The appropriate Health and Safety Executive inrthern Ireland is:

Health and Safety Executive (NI)83 Ladas DriveBelfastBT6 9FR

Tel: 028 9024 3249Fax: 028 9023 5383

February 2007

BD 63/07 - INSPECTION OF HIGHWAY STRUCTURES

Documents