Bayh-Dole and Entrepreneurship Reconsidered: University versus Inventor Ownership* Martin Kenney Martin Kenney Dept. of Human and Community Development UC Davis & Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy & Donald Patton Donald Patton Dept. of Human and Community Development UC Davis sented in North Central Regional Center for Rural Development binar October 18, 2011
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Bayh-Dole and Entrepreneurship Reconsidered: University versus Inventor Ownership*
Bayh-Dole and Entrepreneurship Reconsidered: University versus Inventor Ownership*. Martin Kenney Dept. of Human and Community Development UC Davis & Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy & Donald Patton Dept. of Human and Community Development UC Davis. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Bayh-Dole and Entrepreneurship Reconsidered: University versus
Inventor Ownership*
Martin KenneyMartin KenneyDept. of Human and Community Development
UC Davis&
Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy&
Donald PattonDonald PattonDept. of Human and Community Development
UC Davis
Presented in North Central Regional Center for Rural Development Webinar October 18, 2011
Motivation for Paper
• Appreciative modeling exercise suggested inventor ownership should be effective (Kenney and Patton 2009)
• Entrepreneurship and technology transfer long time US policy goals
Motivation• In response to increasing questioning in the
academic literature, a 2010 National Research Council Report stated:
“Arguments for the superiority of an inventor driven system of technology transfer are largely conjectural. There is certainly anecdotal evidence of faculty dissatisfaction with the technology licensing office-dominated model as well as evidence of faculty entrepreneurial success independent of such offices, but there is no systematically collected evidence that inventors have knowledge and skills superior to those of technology transfer personnel and their service providers in the various components of IP acquisition, management, and licensing.”
Methodology• Find inventor-ownership university
– Cambridge, Stanford, Wisconsin – all changed– Only Anglo-Saxon pure inventor ownership
univ. -- Waterloo, Canada• Collect all technology-based startups
– Internet search, documents, interviews, TLO offices
• Extremely strict definition about firms to be included– Decisions made by both authors
HypothesisWith various controls, we expect greater With various controls, we expect greater entrepreneurship at inventor-ownership entrepreneurship at inventor-ownership university, i.e., Waterloo university, i.e., Waterloo
But conditioned by:1. University academic ranking2. Academic field3. University R&D expenditures4. Number of professors
Population and Data
• Waterloo versus University of Wisconsin, Madison; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; UC Davis; UC Santa Barbara
• Spin-offs, University/Field ranking, R&D Expenditures, Number of Faculty
2010 Shanghai Jiao Tong University Global Academic 2010 Shanghai Jiao Tong University Global Academic Rankings, Overall and Selected Technology CategoriesRankings, Overall and Selected Technology Categories
R&D$M per R&D$M per Spin-offSpin-off (120.9)(120.9) (116.6)(116.6)
R&D Expenditures, Total and Per Spin-off R&D Expenditures, Total and Per Spin-off by University and Technology, 2005-2008by University and Technology, 2005-2008