Bata Drumming Notations Discographies Glossary

Bata Drumming & the Lucumi Santeria Bembe Ceremony

Overview of Basic Structure of a Bembe Ceremony=======================================================

=Oru Seco : the first part of a bembe and a series of bata salutes called toques played for each of the Orisha. The term seco actually means "dry" in Spanish and, in this case, refers to the absence of singing.

=Oru Cantando : the second part of a bembe consisting of a series of songs sung for each of the Orisha. The songs are accompanied by bata drums, and may employ many of the same toques used during the Oru Seco portion. (Or entirely new toques may be played.)

=Wemelere : the last part of a bembe, the wemelere expands on the music played in the prior sections and includes dancing and singing, in hopes that the Orisha will come down and "visit" the participants.

Learning to Play the Bata =======================================================

When learning bata music, the first step is to master the salutes played in the Oru Seco.

Introduction to the Bata Drums=======================================================

The three bata drums and their roles in a the bata ensemble:

Okonkolo : the smallest bata drum, the okonkolo produces the highest pitched tones and is typically used to play a standard set of rhythms in support of the Iya and Itotele. The Okonkolo is considered the metronome and time-keeper of the bata ensemble, hence there is little improvisation (floreos) carried out on this bata drum, especially during the Oru Seco. However the level of improvisation depends on the bata rhythm and the context in which it is played. Some rhythms actually require the okonkolo player to be able to improvise more freely to really swing the music.

Itotele : the middle bata drums, the Itotele produces the medium pitched tones and is also used to play a standard set of rhythms in support of the Iya. As with the Okonkolo, these rhythms are fairly universel with little variation from one form of bata to another. The itotele, is expected to answer " and " converse with " the Iya. This usually allows the player a little more improvisational freedom then with the okonkolo. But again, this

depends on the rhythm and the context in which it is being played. Itotele rhythms are fairly stock and improvisation-free during the Oru Seco.

Iya : the largest of the bata drums, the Iya produces the lowest pitched tones. The iya also has stock phrases found universally and played by all Iya players. These should be leamed and mastered first. Once you have a good working knowledge of the iya, you may notice iya players incorporating many variations in their parts, even in the most basic of rhythms. Most of these variations will occur on the cha-cha side of the Iya and will require a well-trained ear to distinguish. The iya " calls out " the changes and conversations for the entire bata ensemble, and usually has the most improvisational freedom of all the bata drums. Most but not all of this improvisational skill lies in the placement of strokes on the larger of the two drumheads, the cha-cha…

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=======================================================The Sacred Bata Drums (Aña)

In Africa, the bata drums belonged to the kings and were only played for them. Until the last few decades in Cuba the drums were only played for the presentation of newly crowned priests (Iyawos) to the community and to Aña (pronounced an-yá), the Orisha or deity whose secret resides within the drum. Bembe drums or güiro (shekeres) were used for all other drumming ceremonies. Today the bata drums are played more frequently and for a wider variety of reasons (such as a priest’s Ocha birthday, or to give thanks to a specific Orisha or Santo as they are often called in Cuba).

The bata are a set of three hourglass shaped drums that are played held across the lap. They are carved from solid wood and their open ends are covered in goat skins. One end is larger than the other, and both ends are percussive. The large end of the drum is called the “inu,” or mouth, and the smaller end the “chacha.” The largest drum is called Iya (Mother) and is dedicated to Yemaya.

The middle drum is dedicated to Ochun and is called Itotele. And the smallest drum belongs to Chango and is called the Okonkolo.

There are probably fewer than 100 sets of sacred bata drums in the world. Unconsecrated bata drums are called abericulá.

At the beginning of a tambor or drumming celebration, the drums are played directly for the Orishas, usually in front of the throne or canastiero (cabinet) where the Orishas live. This cycle of rhythms is called the Oro Seco or “dry cycle” because no singing is involved (although in Matanzas the Orisha being honored is sung to at the end of the Oro). When the Oro is played in front of the Orishas, it is also called the Oro Igbodu.

Following the Oro Seco, another complete cycle of rhythms is played in an open area, but this time with singing (the Oro Cantado). During this cycle, priests salute the drums by bowing their foreheads to the floor and then to the drums. After the Oro Cantado, the party (or wemilere in Lucumí) really begins. The akpón (lead singer) is now free to sing in any order and for any length of time to the various Orishas, praising them and inviting them to join the celebration by possessing one or more of their priests. Once Orishas are present, the Iya drummer in particular must pay close attention to their movements, as it is the Orisha who calls for certain changes in the rhythm.

The percussive relationship between the three drums is a conversation—with each other, with the singer and chorus, with the Orishas, and with Olofi (God). For this reason, we speak of the “language of the drums.”

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=======================================================Bata Rhythm TranscriptionsCopyright ©2000 CongaPlace - All Rights Reserved

=======================================================Rumba Iyesa

GENERAL INFO This "toque" is one of the five most common toques in their basic form. It's relatively simple and it is used as dance rhythms for a couple of different orishas. In this fonction it is called rumbita.

SHEET MUSIC (for key notation click here)

AUDIO/VIDEO FILE : Dowload the song called SOKERE (mp3 - 2.18mg) performed by Maiseboa, my group (Laurent Lamy) Copyright ©2000 CongaPlace - All Rights Reserved

=======================================================Cha Cha Lokpafun

GENERAL INFOThe most common "toque" bata, a rumbita for a couple of different orishas to dance and party.

=======================================================Niongo

GENERAL INFO This "toque" is one of the five most common toques in their basic form. It's relatively simple and it is used as dance rhythms for a couple of different orishas (see glossary). In this fonction it is called rumbita.

=======================================================Glossary

(Lu) Lucumi term(Sp) Spanish term

Achere (Lu.)A small rattle which is sometimes used to play the standard bell pattern in batà ensembles.

Agbé (Lu.)A calabash gourd idiophone strung on the outside with beads. Sometimes called shekere.

Agogo (Lu.)Metal bell used to play the standard bell pattern in bembé ensembles.

Afia (Lu.)A sacred force believed to reside in the batà drums, considered an oricha by some Santeros.

Batalero (Lu./Sp.)A batà drummer.

Bembé (Lu.)A religions party held to honor an oricha.

Cabildo (Sp.)Mutual aid societies established by slaves in Cuba.

Caminos (Sp.)Roads. Diferent avatars of an oricha. Each " standard pattern " or toque signifies a différent camino.

Chacha (Lu.)The smaller head of the batà drum.

Chaworo (Lu.)Bells wrapped around the shell of the iyà ilù.

Cierre (Sp.)Closing. The ritual that closes a bembé.

Conversacion (Sp.)A conversation that takes place between the iyà and itotele. Conversations used to render lexical meaning but most of this knowledge has been lost.

Enù (Lu.)The larger head of the batà drum.

Fardela (Sp.)Also called the idà, it is a ring of clay molded to the iyà ilu'. It is used to dampen the drum's overtones.

Güiro (Sp.)Musical gourd. An idiophone, it is also known as agbé or shekere. It is covered with strung beads and played by shaking and striking the bottom.

Ida (Lu.)See Fardela.

Itotele (Lu.)The middle drum of the batà set.

Iya (Lu.)Mother.

Iya Ilu (Lu.)Mother drum. The lead drum in the batà ensemble.

Llame (Sp.) The call used in batà drumming to begin a rhythm or initiate a conversation.

LucumiName used to identify Yoruba slaves and their language in Cuba. Practitioners today sometimes call their religion Lucumi.

Ocha (Lu.)A saint/oricha. The religion of Santeria (Regla de Ocha).

Okonkolo (Lu.)The smallest drum of the batà set. Also called omelé.

Olori (Lu.)The strap used by the batalero to secure the drum during performance.

Olù Bata (Lu.)A batalero initiated into Ana.

Omelé (Lu.)Another name for okonkolo.

Omo (Lu.)Child.

Ori (Lu.)The physical head and inner person. The essence of personality.

Oricha (Lu.)Sacred head. The nature divinities of traditional Yoruba religion and Santeria.

Oru (Lu.)A liturgical sequence of songs or batà rhythms. (Sometimes mistakenly called oro.)

Oru del Igbodu (Lu.)" Oru in front of the throne " played on the batà drums without song. Also called oru seco.

Orun (Lu.)The heaven world of Yoruba religion.

Santeria (Sp.)The Lucumi religion of Cuba.

Santero, Santera (Sp.)Male and female initiates or priests of Santeria.

Santo (Sp.)Saint. The oricha.

Tambor (Sp.)Drummer.

Tamabor (Sp.)Drum. A liturgical fiesta for the orichas using the batà drums.

Toque (Sp.)A bata rhythm. Another name for a liturgical fiesta using batà.

Yesa (Iyesa) (Lu.)Single headed drum type found in Cuba. Name of generic rhythms played in " drum and güiro " ensembles. In batà ensembles this rhythm is called rumba yesa.

=======================================================Discography

CUBAN BATA DISCOGRAPHY

1) TRADITIONAL

********AfromericaChants et rythmes afrocubainsMercedes Lay BravoMarisela TrujiloFlorinda Sabidojune 1997VDE-Gallo VDE CD 959cdTracks Eleggua (3:11), Yemaya (3:40), Chango (2:50) and Obatala (3:15)are songs with bata.

********Amira, JohnThe music of Santeria. The Oru del IgboduJohn Amira (iya)Orlando Fiol (ito)Joe DeLeon (oko)1993?White Cliffs Media WCM 9346cdOru del Igbodu in New York/Havana style, with alternate versions.

********Cardona, MiltonBembeHector Flaco Hernandez (iya)Steve Berrios (ito)Jose Fernandez (oko)Milton Cardona (iya)august 1985American Clave AMCL 1004 2Cd Tracks : Salute to Yemaya, Elegua, Ogun, Ochosi, Babalu Aye,Obatala, Chango, Yemaya, Ochun, Ododua, Elegua, with voice & batas

********Conjunto Folklorico Nacional de CubaMusica Yoruba

Carlos Aldama (iya)Mario Jauregui (ito)Ramiro Hernandez (oko)1970sBembe 2010-2cdSongs : Eleggua, Obatala, Yemaya, Chango, Oya (a capella), Orula, Oddudua,Babalu Aye, Eleggua; Reissue of an earlier EGREM record.Vocalists : Lazaro Ros and Felipe Alfonso.

********Grupo Oba-IluSanteria. Songs for the orishas

Mario Jauregui Francis (iya)Pedro Pablo Martinez Campos (ito)Maximo Duquesnes Martinez (oko)Rocardo Gomez Rivero (oko)december 1995Soul Jazz SJR CD38cdTracks Eleggua, Ogun, Ochosi, Obbatala, Shango, Oya, Oshun, Yemaya voice with batas. + beginnings (6:00) of Oru del Igbodu

********Munequitos de MatanzasCantar maravilloso

Jesus AlfonsoGregorio DiazAgustin DiazGlobestyle Records CDORB 053cdIya mi le (madre mira mi casa) (7:53) (not on lp) with batas; Arague (6:15)with batas & conga.

********Munequitos de MatanzasIto Iban Echu

QbadiscQB 9022cdOgun arere; Obatala;Babalu Aye;Ochun;Yeye Ochun;Yemaya;Yemaya Olordo;Agay- u; Chango Eyeleo; Dada; Oya; Eleggua.

********Valdes, MerceditasAcheLos tambores bata de Jesus PerezArtex cd - 010cdContains tracks Elegua, Oggun, Chango, Ochun, Obatala with voice & batas.

********Valdes, MerceditasAche IV

Grupo Yoruba Andabo1995?Egrem cd 0160cdElegua, Obatala-Baba Fururu, Yemaya, Ochun, Ibeyi.

********Valdes, Merceditasy los tambores bata de Jesus PerezJesus PerezASPIC X 55512cd

Reissue of original EGREM recordings. Contains tracks Ellegua, Oggun, Obata-la, Yemaya, Ochun, Chango, Osain, Ellegua, Chango.

********variousAfro-Cuba, a musical anthologyRounder CD 1088cdSong for Ododua (2:04), Bata drums for Chango (3:05), Esto no lleva bata(performed by Los Papines) (3:39)

********variousAntologia de la Musica Afrocubana Vol IIOru de IgboduRecorded in Matanzas (casa de Ricardo Suarez) 1977Egrem LD 3995 (Areito)lpToques a Elebwa, Oggun, Ochosi, San Lazaro, Orunla, Aggayu, Chango,Obba, Oya, Yemaya, Obatala, Ochun, Yegua, Idbeyi. Ayacuta (para Chango).Cantos a Chango, Oggun.

********variousCuba : Les danses des dieuxLucumies Community of Regla/Havana1985-88Ocora C 559051cdContains Songs to Ellegua from the Oru del Eya Aranla (6:49)

********variousSacred rhythms of Cuban SanteriaConjunto de tambores bata de Amado Diaz Alfonso20. november 1984Smithsonian/Folkways SF 40419cdOru de Igbodu para Yemaya (25:35) in Matanzas style.

********variousThe Yoruba/Dahomean Collection (Orishas across the ocean)before 1950; 1957Library of congress series/Endangered music project. Ryko RCD 10405cdSong for Elegua (3:22) recorded by Jean Liscano in Venezuela before 1950,performed by Conjunto El Nino, led by Guillermo Rigueiro.Song for Yemaya (3:05), Song for Chango (3:05) recorded by Lydia Cabrerain 1957, performed by Candido Martinez with an ensemble led by MiguelSanta Cruz and Juan Gonzalez.

********variousVida y muerte del santeroEgrem cd 0191

cdHas batas on 10 of the 12 tracks. Contains ritual music seldom heard (esp.the ceremony for Eggun).Conjunto Folklorico Nacional de CubaAreito LDA 3156lp

********Conjunto de percusion de Danza Nacional de CubaJesus Perez : In memoriam/Homenaje.Egrem LD 4246lp

********Grupo Folklorico de Justi BarretoSanteria (Toques y Cantos)Gema records corp. LPG 1193

********Grupo Ilu AnaSacred rhythmsFundamento productionsCd

Ros, LazaroOlorunXenophileGLCD 4022cd

********Ros, LazaroOlorunEgremcd

********Ros, Lazaro y OlorunSongs for EleguaAshe by Rounder Recs.cd

********Santos, John & the coro folklorico KindemboHacia del amorXenophilecd

********Toques y cantos de santos (2 vols)Cubilandia C-CD 511

********IluyenkoriPercussions CubainesPlayasound PS 65084

cd

********Guines, TataAniversarioMaximino Duquesne (iya)Marco Herminio Diaz (ito)Grupo Folklorico de Justi BarretoSanteria (Toques y Cantos)Gema records corp. LPG 1193

2) NON TRADITIONAL

********Coleman, SteveThe sign and the seal(with Afrocuba de Matanzas)1996BMGcdlittle Coati MundiThe former 12 year old geniusHector Hernandez1983VirginlpTrack Pharaoh

********Eno, Brian and David ByrneMy life in the bush of ghostsMingo Lewis1981E.G. EGCD 48cdTracks The Jezebel spirit and The Carrier

********Estefan, GloriaAbriendo puertasLuis Enrique1995Sony 480992 2cdTrack 7 (La parranda)

********Feliciano, CheoEstampas1979Vaya JMVS 86lpContains batas at the end of the track Estampa Marina (5:26)

********Gonzalez, JerryObatalaMilton CardonaHector Flaco HernandezSteve Berrios6. november 1988Enja 5059 2cdIntro has some bata drumming (2:27)

********Grupo Folklorico y Experimental NuevayorquinoConcepts in Unityat least Milton Cardonaapril 1975Salsoul 20-6001-2cdCanto Asoyin (4:26)

********IrakereSeleccion de exitos (1973-1978) vol. 11973-78Dom (licenced by egrem) CD 1201cdHas bata drums on track Iya (5:50).

********IrakereBabalu AyeAlexander MartinezRogelio RuizJose Pablo HernandezBembe 2020-2Cantata a Babalu Aye (14:01) by Lazaro Ros, his group and Irakere.

********Lotz of musicLe coq rougeJavier Martinez Campos (iya)Jos de Haas (ito)Frank van Dok (oko);Stefan Kruger (oko)Sjahin During (ito,oko)1996VIA 9920122cd

********Lotz of musicLotz of music in Havana. Blues for YemayaJavier Martinez Campos, Jorge Nunez Menocal (iya)Jose Pilar Suarez (ito)Sjahin During (oko)1998

VIA 9920592cd

********Nueva MantecaBluesongoMartin Verdonk (iya,oko)Lucas van Merwijk (ito)1994Lucho 7706-2cd

********Santamaria, MongoUp from the rootsJulito Collazo (ito)1972?Atlantic SD 1621lp

********Santamaria, MongoRed hotMongo SantamariaSteve BerriosHector HernandezJulio Collazo1979?CBS/Tappan-Zee 83340lpAfro-Cuban Fantasy (7:36) contains bata drums.

********Spiro, Michael and Mark LamsonBata KetuMichael SpiroMark LamsonKelvin Delgado (oko)1990sBembe 2011-2cd

********Afrocuba de MatanzasRituales AfrocubanosEgrem CD 0058cd

********Aguabella, FranciscoSanteria Oro Cantado (3 vols)Francisco AguabellaGo productions 10032cassette

********

Anderson, LaurieHome of the braveDaniel Ponce (?) (iya, oko)Bata on Sharky's day.

********Anderson, LaurieMister heartbreakDaniel Ponce (iya, oko)1983Warner Bros.Batas are used on Sharky's day

********Batacumbele(just about anything)

********Beasley, JohnCauldronBill SummersMunyungo Jackson ?

********Bunnett, Jane ?ChamalongoPancho Quinto ?

********Conjunto CespedesVivito y coleandoJesus Diaz (oko)John Santos (ito)Tobaji Stewart (iya)1995XenophileBata on Que viva chango

********Conjunto CespedesFloresMike Spiro (iya)Jesus Diaz (ito)Michael Lennan (oko)1998XenophileBata used on El tambor tiene su magia

********Conjunto CespedesUna sola casaMike Spiro (iya)Jesus Diaz (ito)1993Green LinnetBata on Virgen de la Caridad

********Estefan, GloriaDestiny

********Lazaro Rizo (oko)Egrem CD 0156cdHas batas on the track Con tres tambores bata,a bata rumba by Ernesto Gatel.

********Hancock, HerbieDis is da drumBill SummersMunyungo Jackson ?

********Herwig, ConradThe latin side of John ColtraneAstor place records

********Mezcla(any title)

********Palmieri, EddieLlego la indiaAcid jazzcd

********Pastorius, JacoJaco PastoriusDon Alias (oko, iya)1976EpicBata used on Okonkolo y trompa

********Pedroso, CesarLo mejor de Cesar Pedroso - Hits of Los Van VanQbadiscHas batas in the track El buena gente.

********Quinto, PanchoEn el solar la cueva del humo

********Quinto, Pancholatest recording

********

Rodriguez, AlfredoCuba LindaMario Jauregui AspirinaJusto PelladitoAmado J. Dedeu1996HannibalBata used on Mercedita ya me voy and Drume negrita.

********Santamaria, MongoOur man in Havana (a.k.a. Mongo in Havana ?)Fantasy 3311

********Santeria religion afrocubanaOLM Records 10037

********Sintesis Orishas

********Sintesis(other titles)

********Terry, LosFrom Africa to Camaguey

********Tipica 73Tipica 73 en Cuba

********Tipica 73La candela

********Tipica 73Encendida

********Valdes, MerceditasPanart LD 3096

********Valdez, Merceditasvol. 2Egremcd

Copyright ©2000 CongaPlace - All Rights Reserved

Discography

Batá and Lukumí Music, by Thomas Altmann, 2004

Note: This is no commercial sales list! - Esto no es una lista de venta comercial! - Dies ist kein Verkaufskatalog für diese Seite!

Tambores Batá de Abaoso

Santería Cubana FE-105, 1987

Abbilona

Tambor Yoruba: Elegguá, Oggún y Ochosi

Caribe Prod./O.K.records CD-9546, 1999

Tambor Yoruba: ObataláCaribe Prod./O.K.records CD-9545, 1999

Tambor Yoruba: AggayúCaribe Prod./O.K.records CD-9549, 1999

Tambor Yoruba: ChangóCaribe Prod./O.K.records CD-9550, 1999

Tambor Yoruba: OyáCaribe Prod./O.K.records CD-9551, 1999

Tambor Yoruba: OchúnCaribe Prod./O.K.records CD-9547, 1999

Tambor Yoruba: YemayáCaribe Prod./O.K.records CD-9548, 1999

Tambor Yoruba: Elegguá, Oggún y Ochosi II

Caribe Prod./O.K.records CD-9600, 2001

Tambor Yoruba: Obatalá IICaribe Prod./O.K.records CD-9599, 2001

Tambor Yoruba: Aggayú II Caribe Prod./O.K.records CD-9603, 2001

Tambor Yoruba: Changó II Caribe Prod./O.K.records CD-9604, 2001

Tambor Yoruba: Oyá II Caribe Prod./O.K.records CD-9605, 2001

Tambor Yoruba: Ochún II Caribe Prod./O.K.records CD-9601, 2002

Tambor Yoruba: Yemayá II Caribe Prod./O.K.records CD-9602, 2001

Tambor Yoruba: Orisha Oko, Oddúa, Ibeyis, Olokun y otros II

Caribe Prod./O.K.records CD-9606, 2001

Rezos y Moyubba a los orishas Caribe Prod./O.K.records CD-9598, 2001

Afroamérica

Chants et rythmes afrocubains VDE Gallo, VDE CD 959, 1997

Grupo Afrocuba de Matanzas

Rituales Afrocubanos Egrem CD 0058, 1993

Francisco Aguabella

Oriki Ara Oko(a.k.a. Santeria: Praises to the Orishas)(a.k.a. Oru Cantado

OLM records CD 10038 GO Productions 10032)

Oriza: Santería Religion Afrocubana (w/ Lazaro Galarraga)

OLM records CD 10037, 1993

(- y sus Tambores Batá): Cantos a los Orishas

Universal Latino 2002

John Amira

The Music of Santería - The Oru del Igbodu

White Cliffs Media Company, 1992

Amura

Rezos y Cantos Yoruba

Papo Angarica

Fundamento Yoruba I(CD)Egrem, LaHabana 1998, CD 0253

Fundamento Yoruba II(CD)Egrem, LaHabana 1998, CD 0377

Osun Lozun (w/Lazaro Ros)(CD)Egrem, LaHabana 2003, CD 0568

Eugenio F. Arango (Totico)

Totico y sus Rumberos (CD) Montuno 515, re.1992

Frisner Augustin

The Drums of Vodou White Cliffs Media Company, 1994

Ayanagalu

Sacred Yoruba Bata Music for 12 Orishas

Emilio Barreto & Puntilla

Santisimo Luz Prod. CD 001, 1996

Emilio Barreto presenta Santisimo en Ritual (con Orlando "Puntilla" Rios)

Luz Prod. LUZ 0002, 2001

Bascom (rec.) /Courlander (ed.)

Drums of the Yoruba of Nigeria (1956)

LP Ethnic Folkways Library FE 4441

Candita Batista y sus Tabores Batá

Ritmo de Santo Maype CD US 130

Lydia Cabrera (ed.), Josefina Tarafa (rec.)

Oro

Havana, Cuba, ca.1957: Rhythms and Songs for the Orishas

Smithsonian Folkways CD 40489 (1957)

Matanzas, Cuba, ca.1957: Afro-Cuban Music from the Countryside

Smithsonian Folkways CD 40490 (1957)

Havana & Matanzas, ca.1957: Batá, Bembé, and Palo Songs

Smithsonian Folkways CD 40434 (1957)

Alfredo Calvo y su Aña Oba Tola / Alberto Puñales y su Bembe Makagua

Bata y Bembe de Matanzas I: La presentación de un Iyawo de Chango

Kabiosile (2003)

Milton Cardona

Bembé (LP) American Clavé 1004, 1986

Rafael Caraballo y su conjunto de santeros

Plegarias a los santos Santero S-LP 329, 1985

Catanga, Yosantou - Mansolu (et alii)

Despojo-Santero /Tambores Africanos

Lucumi Records LR-711, 1986

Andrés Chacón

Iré iré. Lukumí, afro-cuban Lila Music

devotional music

Conjunto de Percusion de Danza Nacional de Cuba

Oba-i-lu /Homenaje (Jesus Pérez in memoriam)

Egrem LP LD 4246, 1987

Conjunto Folklórico Nacional de Cuba

Conjunto Folklorico Nacional=Toques y Cantos de Santos Vol. 2

Egrem, Areito LDA 3156Cubilandia

Musica Yoruba (a.k.a. Lucumí)=Toques y Cantos de Santos Vol. 1

Bembé CD 2010-2, re.1995Cubilandia

Vida y Muerte del Santero Egrem CD 0191, 1996

Djalma Correa (prod.)

Candomblé (atabaques: Vadinho, Dudu, Alcides)

LP fontana /phonogram 1977

Harold Courlander (rec./notes)

Cult Music of Cuba LP Folkways Records FE 04410 (1951)

Drums of Haiti LP Folkways Records FE 4403

Julio Davalos & Adrian Coburg

Antologia Yoruba, Vol. 1 + 2: Oru Seco, Oru Cantado

iyalodde

Antologia Yoruba, Vol. 3 + 4: Rezos - Cantos y Toques Especiales

iyalodde

Maya Deren (rec.)

Divine Horsemen Lyrichord 1953

Orquesta Estrellas Cubanas

Violin a Ochún 1997

Grupo Folklorico de Cuba (=CFN)

Afro Cuban Roots: Toques y Cantos de Santos, Vol. 1

Orfeon CDL-16244

Afro Cuban Roots: Toques y Cantos de Santos, Vol. 2

Orfeon CDL-16245

Afro Cuban Roots: Toques y Cantos de Santos, Vol. 3

Orfeon CDL-16246

Grupo Folklorico de Justi Barreto

Santeria (Toques y Cantos) Gema Records Corp. LPG 1193

Santeria Africana: Santa Barbara Africana

Santero CD 531

Lazaro Galarraga /Raul Canizares

Rhythms of the Goddess: Sacred Sounds of Santeria II

(MC)

Milian Galí: Gali Bata

Cantos y Toques EGREM

Nanette García & Maurice Minichino

The Sacred Music of Cuba. Batá Drumming, Matanzas Style

Melantone Publishing (2000)

Felipe García Villamil

Emikeke, Vol. I

Emikeke, Vol. II

Jerry González

The River is Deep (LP) ENJA 4040

Verna Gillis (rec.)

Vodun-Rada Rite for Erzulie Folkways Records FE 4491

Katherine Hagedorn (rec./ed.)

Divine Utterances(w/Alberto Villareal Peñalver, Francisco Aguabella, Lazaro Galarraga)

Smithsonian (2002)

Ilú Añá

Sacred Rhythms Fundamento Prod. CD 6120, 1995

Ilúyenkorí

Percussions Cubaines - Cuban Drums

Playasound CD 65084, 1992

Hommage a Yemayá et Oshùn Playasound CD 65138

Tambours Métis / Cuban Drums Playasound CD PS 65218, 1999

Iré Otonoguá

Cajónes para los Orichas Weltwunder WW 925

Iroko

Ilu Orisha Interworld CD, 1996

Iroko VTL 010, 1992

Ishenbaiye

Obatala : Yorùbá Religious Music From Nigeria

(MC) Egbe Omo Anago Music Series

Sango : Yorùbá Religious Music (MC) Egbe Omo Anago Music

From Nigeria Series

Osun : Yorùbá Religious Music From Nigeria

(MC) Egbe Omo Anago Music Series

Ogun : Yorùbá Religious Music From Nigeria

(MC) Egbe Omo Anago Music Series

Regino Jiménez

Afro-Cuban Percussion Study Guide

Jobelou (tambour maman)

Voodoo Trance Music: Ritual Drums of Haiti

LP Lyrichord Stereo LLST 7279, 1974

Cabildo San Juan Bautista

Antologia de la música afrocubana, Vol. III: Música Iyesá

Egrem LD-3747, 1981

LeGip

The Voodoo Drums of LeGipRequest /Sounds of the Caribbean SLP-737, 1972

Mark Alban Lotz

(& Lotz Of Music in Havana:) Blues for Yemayá

VIA Records

(& Shango's Dance:) Cuban Fishes Make Good Dishes

LopLop Records LC-13310

Mansulu & His Haitians

Santería Haitiana (por autenticos santeros haitianos)

Haiti Records H-531, 1986

Marassa

Santeria! Música de raíz - Palo Platano 5124, 2001

Gina Martin

Las Fiestas Santeras Uni/Universal, CD re. 1999

John Mason (rec.)

Four New World Yoruba Rituals (MC) Y.T.A. Records 5B

Olookun: Owner Of Rivers And Seas

(MC) Y.T.A. Records

Lawrence Millard (rec./ed.)

Tambor for Obatalá: Music of Santería - A Live Afro-Cuban Ceremony

earthcds (2001/2002)

Tambor for Obatalá - Complete Session

earthcds (2001/2002)

Echun Okiry: Güíro for Elegguá earthcds (2001/2002)

Echun Okiry - Complete Session earthcds (2001/2002)

Religious Music of Palo Monte: A Cajón Ceremony

earthcds (2001/2002)

Andreas y sus Amigos (Andreas "Molino" Müller)

Yé Yé Oludé Stadtklänge Köln (2000)

Los Muñequitos de Matanzas

Ito iban Echú: Sacred Yoruba Music of Cuba

Qbadisc CD 9022, 1996

Niloniyé ("Los Niños de Atocha") de Eugenio Lamar Delgado ("Cucho")

Antologia de la música afrocubana, Vol. III: Fiesta de

Egrem LD-3997, 1981

Bembé

Grupo Oba-Ilu

Santeria - Songs for the Orishas /musica afrocubana

Soul Jazz Records CD SJR 38, 1998

Grupo Obá Ologín

Moforibale - Tambores Batá (MC)

Agrupación Folklórica de Jovellanos "Ojun Degara"

Antologia de la música afrocubana, Vol. IV: Música Arará

Egrem LD-3996, 1981

Grupo Folklórico Olufina Baba Mi, feat. Elliot Scott Downing, Teddy Holliday

African Yoruba Music of the New Land; Música Afro-Cubana

Eleda.org

Conjunto de tambores batá "Omo Irago" de Amado Díaz Alfonso; Agrupación de Güíros "El Niño de Atocha"; Grupo de Bembé "Ará Okó":

Cantos de Santería(a.k.a.: Sacred Rhythms of Cuban Santería

Artex, 1994 (CD, colección Sésamo)Smithsonian Folkways CD 40419)

Pedro Jesus Orta

Pedro Jesus Orta, omo aña Lakefire Records LR 0202

Carlinhos D'Oxum

Canticos a os Orixas de Candomblé

1997

Daniel Ponce

New York Now! OAO CEL 6705 (LP)

AraweAntilles New Directions AN 8710(LP)

Chango Te Llama mango (1991) (LP)

Emy de Pradines

Voodoo -Authentic Music & Rhythms of Haiti

Remington R-199-151, 1953

Tito Puente

Top Percussion (LP) RCA Victor LPM 1617, 1958

Orlando "Puntilla" Rios & Nueva Generación

Puntilla from La Habana to New York

(LP) Puntilla Records AF101-A + -B

Spirit Rhythms -Sacred Drumming & Chants from Cuba

CD Latitudes LT 50603

Giraldo Rodriguez

Afro Tambores Batá Orfeon 12-38008 /LP-LAB-08

Lázaro Ros

OlorúnAshé /xenophile /Green Linnet Rec. GLCD 4022

Songs for Eleguá (w/ Olorun) Ashé CD 2001

Asoyi -Cantos Arará Pm records DM 077CD, 1993

Cantos (con Mezcla) Intuition Rec. INT 3080 2

Orisha Aye: Elewá (& Oshosi) CD Unicornio UN-CD6017 (rec. 2000)

Orisha Aye: Oggún CD Unicornio UN-CD6008 (rec. 2000)

Orisha Aye: Babalú Ayé CD Unicornio UN-CD6018 (rec. 2000)

Orisha Aye: Obatalá CD Unicornio UN-CD6007 (rec. 2000)

Orisha Aye: Shangó CD Unicornio UN-CD6009 (rec. 2000)

Orisha Aye: Oyá CD Unicornio UN-CD6010 (rec. 2000)

Orisha Aye: Yemayá CD Unicornio UN-CD6005 (rec. 2000)

Orisha Aye: Oshún CD Unicornio UN-CD6006 (rec. 2000)

Orisha Aye: Korikoto, Dadá, Yewúa, Obba

CD Unicornio UN-CD6016 (rec. 2000)

Orisha Aye: Argayú sola, Ibeyis, Orishaoko, Nana Burucu

CD Unicornio UN-CD6019 (rec. 2000)

Orisha Aye: Olofin, Oddúa, Inle, Orunmila, Iroko

CD Unicornio UN-CD6015 (rec. 2000)

Orisha Aye: Osain CD Unicornio UN-CD6014 (rec. 2000)

Orisha Aye: Eggun CD Unicornio UN-CD6020 (rec. 2000)

Santa Barbara

Santa Barbara con Rafael Caraballo y Gloria Maria Ortizcantados por autenticos santeros

Espiritual CD 104

Santa Barbara Africana

Santería Africana LP-531

Mongo Santamaria

Mongo in Havana Fantasy 3311 (LP)

Afro Roots (compr.: "Mongo" and "Yambú")

bellaphon BLST 6530 (2LP)

Up From The Roots Atlantic SD 1621, 1972

Drums and Chants Vaya Records VS 56

Our Man in Havana (compr.: "Our Man in Havana" + "Bembé")

(CD) Fantasy 24729 1960/1993

Santero #1

Afro Cuban Cult Music Panart LP-2060

Santero #2

Afro Cuban Cult Music Panart LP-2097

John Santos and the Coro Folklorico Kindembo

Hacia el Amorxenophile /Green Linnet Rec. xeno 4034

Sintesis

Ancestros Egrem LP LD 4432, 1987

Ancestros II Color CD

Orishas 1997

Societe Absolument Guinin

Voodoo Drums Universal Sound 2001, US CD 16 (Soul Jazz Records)

Spirits of Life. Haitian Vodou Soul Jazz Records SJR CD 105, 2005

Michael Spiro and Mark Lamson

Batá Ketú Bembe Records (CD) 2011-2, 1996

Ricardo Suarez

Antologia de la música afrocubana, Vol. II: Oru de igbodu

Egrem LD-3995, 1981

Bill Summers

Studies in Bata, Havana to Matanzas

Bilsum Music (2002)

TiRoRo

Best Drummer in Haiti Cook Road Recordings 5004, 1956

Voodoo Drums of TiRoRo Monogram 830

TiRoRo & His Voodoo Drums Request SLP-733

Dudu Tucci

Orishás WeltWunder-Records WW 106-2, 1994

Obatimale

Merceditas Valdés

Aché III Artex CD 10

Merceditas Valdés y los tambores batá de Jesús Pérez

Aspic CD 55512, 1996 (CD)

Aché IV (con Yoruba Andabo) Egrem cd 0160

Tumi Cuba Classica Vol.2: Afro-Cuban

Tumi 0050, 1995 (CD)

("Various Artists")

Santeria Cubana - Toques y Cantos Santero CD 135, 1986

Santeros Lucumí

("Various Artists")

Fuerza Santera Santero SLP-17, 1986 (MC)

("Various Artists")

Fiesta Santera Lucumi - Tambores Batá

Santero S-198 (CD)

("Various Artists")

Cuba: Les Danses des Dieux Ocora, C 559051, 1988

("Various Artists")

Cuba: Musique Afro-Cubaine Disques Alvares LD 453

("Various Artists")

Ecos Afro-Cubanos Orfeon LP-12-138

("Various Artists")

Misa Santeria Riviera 521-107

("Various Artists")

Ritmo y lamento CHB Records 317

("Various Artists")

Rhythmes de Cuba Le Chante du Monde LD-5-4218

("Various Artists")

Moforibale - Tambores Batá 00-8901

("Various Artists")

Afro-Cuba, a musical anthology Rounder CD 1088

("Various Artists")

Antologia de la música afrocubana, Vol.1: Viejos cantos afrocubanos

(LP) Egrem LD-3325

("Various Artists")

Caliente=Hot New World Rec. NW 244-2

("Various Artists")

La musica del pueblo de Cuba (prod.: M.T. Linares)

(2LP)

("Various Artists")

Caribbean Revels: Haitian Rara and Dominican Gaga

(CD) Smithsonian Folkways, Washington D.C. 1991, SF 40402

("Various Artists")

Rhythms of Rapture: Sacred Music of Haitian Vodou

Smithsonian Folkways CD 40464, 1995

("Various Artists")

Voodoo Music of Haiti Nonesuch

("Various Artists")

Ceremonie Vaudou en Haiti (Richesse du folklore No.15)

LP Riviera /Bravo 421.076 P

("Various Artists")

The Yoruba /Dahomean Collection: Orishas Across The Ocean

CD Rykodisc RCD 10405, 1998

("Various Artists")

Yoruba Drums from Benin, West Smithsonian Folkways 40440,

Africa 1987