Basics of practical ELECTRONICS AUTHOR :B.DINESH ,B.E , M.E B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 06/17/2022 1
ELECTRONICS
Basics of practical ELECTRONICSAUTHOR :B.DINESH ,B.E , M.E
B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 9/18/20151
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ObjectivesTo acquire the fundamental knowledge of electronicsTo understand the working of basic componentsTo impart learning by practiceTo nurture innovation among students 9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 2
DISCOVERY
ELECTRICITY ELECTRICUS(GREEK ) AMBER-1600 WILLIAM GILBERT
1800-BEJAMIN FRANKLIN DID KITE EXPT
Amber- a resin from trees
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3 IMPORTANT PARAMETERSCURRENT
VOLTAGE
RESISTANCE9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 4
Current Force - Flow of charges causes it -+ve to ve terminals
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voltageVoltage,electric potential difference,electric pressureorelectric tension
Work done in moving a charge between point A and B volts (joule/columb)
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ResistanceDegree to which Conductor opposes current
Low resistance High resistance 9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 7
Formulas connecting electricityohms law:V=I.R V-Voltage, I- Current, R- ResistanceI = V/RWhy formulas :
All Components need current All components will melt on excess current So precise current should be given to components
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How to make a electronic circuitBuy componentsFind their current, voltage requirementsDraw your circuit Find resistance needed for each component Draw your circuit
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Basic componentsBATTERYLEDRESISTORLDRTHEMISTORIR SENSORMOTOR9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 10
BATTERY9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 11
LEAD ACID BATTERY (RECHARGABLE )
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LITHIUM ION (RECHARGABLE )
TEMPERATURE CONTROL Battery sends signal to cellphone if it is getting too hotThermistor -node
Rechargeable button cellLithium ion indication9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 13
Alkaline battery not rechargeable
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Zinc carbon batteries (not rechargeable)Lechlanche cell discovered by Lechlanche
Metal capCarbon rodZinc caseManganese (iv)dioxideMoist paste of ammonium chlorideMetal bottom
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Silver oxide (non rechargeable cells)
All-button cells
Technologically superior to all batteries
Used in rockets, space age machines
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LED-light emitting diodeElectroluminescence radiative recombination of electrons and holes
Operation :
Typical -3 Volts min
Current -10 -20 ma9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 17
Voltage and current requirements
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Working of an led video-1
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Working of an led video-2
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Resistor
A device that minimizes current and voltageResistor = carbon + ceramic + resin(adhesive)
Carbon - conductor
Ceramic insulator
Resistance differs by = carbon : ceramic mix ratio3 types
4 band 5 band 6 band 9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 21
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Tolerance :
Ability to bare Eg :100ohm 10% tolerance it can acts as 100 to 110Temperature coefficient of resistance (ppm/C) :
Resistance change with temperature
+ ve temp coeff- tempResistance
- ve temp coeff- temp
Resistance
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How to chose a resistor R = V/IEXAMPLE :GIVEN : 9VOLT BATTERY, LED CURRENT 20MA
RESISTOR = V / I = 9000 milli volts / 20 mA =450 ohms
4 5 x 10 e1 = 450 ohmsColours : 4 band 4 5 e19/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 24
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Hands on :Problem statement : make an led glow using a battery on switch on
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Components neededLed green or red 19V batteryResistor 220 ohm or 330 ohm Connecting wires Crimper for cutting wires Bread board Switch 9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 27
Schematic or circuit
9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 28Fritizing based schematic
Bread boarding for the hands-on9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 29
Fritizing based bread board diagram
Task-2 Make a night lamp led that glows in the darkComponents needed LDR Resistor -1m,10k,220 Transistor BC 547 (npn) LED9/18/2015B.DINES H,surya E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 30
LDR- Light Dependent ResistorDarkness high resistance
Light presence resistance9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 31
Light intensity in LUX9/18/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division 32
Schematics
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Breadboard connection
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circuit
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