Basic Education During Japanese p

Dear Ginny,

I have a confession to make, the first time I saw you, hindi kita gusto. Parangmay nagsasabi na isa kang malaking sakit sa ulo. But I also have to admit that even then, you have something special in you. You had that spirit. You are by far the bravest girl I’ve ever met. Days…weeks…months passed. I don’t know if it’s because you opened your heart to me; kung ano ba ang mas malakas ang epekto — yung kakulitan mo o yung dasalmo.

Siguro mas matindi ka lang talaga magdasal. I never thought that life could be this exciting. I loved every moment. I loved every bit of you. Your love, your craziness… your unpredictability. We bared souls to each other. Because of you, I started believing in myself. I started fighting for what I believed in. I started being brave.

More than three years and I thought we were good. More than 3 years going on forever, or so I thought. Hindi ko lang alam kung bakit? Kung paano? Kelan nagsimula? Anong nangyari sa ating dalawa? Bakit tayo naghiwalay? But today, I resolved to stop bothering you. I have decided to let you be and give you the space you asked for. That’s why I’m sending this email 4 years from this day. You’ll be 30 years old by then. Sana nagawa mo na lahat ng gusto mo. Sana tama na ang apat na taon para masiguro mo naako talaga ang gusto mo makasama habambuhay. Magtitiis ako Ginny, knowing that one day, I’ll be back. I will do everything it takes to bring you back. I will never lose hope that we will have our second chance.

Starting Over Again (Star Cinema,2014)

Approach, Method

and Strategyin Teaching

Teaching Approach• Approach is the broadest of the three, making

strategy the most specific, and the method found in between approach and strategy.

• An approach is an enlightened viewpoint toward teaching. It provides philosophy to the whole process of instruction. As presented by the diagram, the method and strategy are just parts and parcels of approach. Approach gives the overall wisdom, it provides direction, and sets expectations to the entire spectrum of the teaching process. Furthermore, approach sets the general rule or general principle to make learning possible.

Types of Teaching Approach

• Discovery

• Conceptual

• Process

• Inquiry

• Unified

Discovery Approach

• This approach pertains basically to cognitive aspect of learning, the development and organizations of concepts, ideas and insights, and the use of reference and other logical processes to control a situation.

Conceptual Approach

• This approach requires the categorization of content from simple to complex level. Students need not go into an actual investigation or experimentation, which is usually required in discovery approach. A simple act of recalling facts will suffice like asking students to state certain phenomena that they observe.

Process Approach• The process approach may be defined

as teaching in which knowledge is used as a means to develop students’ learning skills.

• This approach originated from and used to be a monopoly of science instruction. Today, it is identified primarily with skill-oriented subjects like practical arts and home economics and even with knowledge-laden subjects like social studies.

Inquiry Approach• The concept of inquiry refers to learner’s attempt

to understand fundamental issues and concerns that may affect learner’s status in life. From the point of view of teaching and learning, the concept of inquiry gives premium to the process of discovering what may be of help in motivating and in facilitating proper accumulation of knowledge.

• In using this approach, the questions should proceed from the very factual to thought-provoking questions – that is from the whatquestions to the how and why questions. More opportunities should be provided to students to respond to questions that call for analysis, interpretation, evaluation, and judgment.

Unified Approach• Teachers by and large present knowledge

in its isolated and fragmented bits, as if each bit is an independent entity by itself. Once presented to students, these unrelated bits of information seem to be likely unattractive and meaningless to them. They might be able to memorize them for sometime but there is no guarantee that they will retain them. Their tendency is to recite them by rote, especially when there is an examination scheduled in a day’s time or two.

Teaching Method• A method is an organized, orderly,

systematic, and well-planned procedure aimed at facilitating and enhancing students’ learning. It is undertaken according to some rule, which is usually psychological in nature. That is, it considers primarily the abilities, needs, and interests of the learners.

Types of Teaching Method

Lecture• This traditional

method for delivering content to a large audience is one way, and is mainly based on oration.Using this technique, the lecturer can transfer a lot of information in a short time.

Presentation• The method of

delivering content is unidirectional. It is based on speech and visual aids (mainly as PowerPoint presentations), and was developed in political and business contexts to persuade listeners.

Discussion• This method

creates an exchange of ideas and different opinions, or can be used to clear questions and attitudes after a lecture of presentation.

Lecture Discussion• The lecturer

develops the content by questions and answers and thus by building on preliminary knowledge.

Group Work• Is a general form of

cooperation between two or more people work together to devise a common goal and following common rules to complete the tasks as a group.

Role Play• A form of simulation

game where one or more of the students take on different roles, which are specifically defined. It aims at the effect of self-awareness and offers deeper insight in mainly social processes during the play but also in practicing behavior or skills.

Case Method• Real or fictitious

cases are the basis of this method. They are mainly used in law or business education to develop student's decision making skills.

Debate• A form of

discussion between two or more students with fixed rules and guidelines, mainly about different positions and opposing viewpoints.

Brainstorming• Initially a technique

used to generate numerous creative ideas. In teaching, it is often used to explore the background knowledge and experiences of the students.

Teaching Strategy• According to Frankael (1973),

teaching strategies represent the combinations of specific procedures or operations, grouped and ordered in definite sequence that teachers can use in the classroom to implement both cognitive and affective objectives.

• Active Learning - Active Learning is anything that students do in a classroom other than merely passively listening to an instructor's lecture.

• Collaborative/Cooperative Learning -Cooperative and collaborative learning are instructional approaches in which students work together in small groups to accomplish a common learning

• Critical Thinking - Critical thinking is a collection of mental activities that include the ability to intuit, clarify, reflect, connect, infer, and judge. It brings these activities together and enables the student to question what knowledge exists.

• Discussion Strategies - Engaging students in discussion deepens their learning and motivation by propelling them to develop their own views and hear their own voices. A good environment for interaction is the first step in encouraging students to talk.

• Experiential Learning - Experiential learning is an approach to education that focuses on "learning by doing," on the participant's subjective experience. The role of the educator is to design "direct experiences" that include preparatory and reflective exercises.

• Humor in the Classroom - Using humor in the classroom can enhance student learning by improving understanding and retention.

• Games/Experiments/Simulations -Games, experiments and simulations can be rich learning environments for students. Students today have grown up playing games and using interactive tools such as the Internet, phones, and other appliances. Games and simulations enable students to solve real-world problems in a safe environment and enjoy themselves while doing so.

Thank You