Basic Computer Fundamentals

Basic Computer Fundamentals

What Is a Computer? Computer System Components Hardware Types of Memory Input Devices Output Devices Overview of Software Operating System

Topics included…

What Is a Computer?

A computer is a programmable machine with two principal characteristics:

• It responds to a specific set of instructions in a well-defined manner.

It can execute a prerecorded list of instructions (a program).

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Computer System Components

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Hardware

Hardware refers to objects that you can actually touch, like disks, disk drives, display screens, keyboards, printers, boards, and chips.

Hardware Components in Action

Instruction phase◦ Step 1: Fetch instruction◦ Step 2: Decode instruction

Execution phase◦ Step 3: Execute the instruction◦ Step 4: Store the results

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Types of Memory

Random access memory (RAM)◦ EDO RAM◦ SDRAM◦ DRAM

Read-only memory (ROM)◦ PROM◦ EPROM

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Input Devices Personal computer input devices Voice-recognition devices Digital computer cameras Terminals Scanning devices

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Output Devices

Display Monitors Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) Printers and Plotters Music Devices

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Overview of Software

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Operating System Perform common computer hardware functions Provide a user interface Provide a degree of hardware independence Manage system memory Manage processing tasks Provide networking capability Control access to system resources Manage files

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ANY QUERIES??

THANK YOU

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