Basic Airway ABDULLAH ALSAKKA EM CONSULTANT
Jan 05, 2016
Basic Airway ABDULLAH ALSAKKA
EM CONSULTANT
Objectives Review airway anatomy
Review basic airway maneuvers
The Upper AirwayEpiglottis
Mandible
Frontal Sinus
Soft Palate
Trachea
Glottis
Esophagus
Vocal Cords
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
The Upper Airway Other Structures
◦ Nasopharynx◦ Oropharynx◦ Hypopharynx◦ Larynx
Functions
Functions of the Upper Airway Passageway for air Warm Filter Humidify Protection
◦ Gag Reflex◦ Cough
Speech
Upper and Lower Airways
The Lower AirwayPrimary Bronchi
Hyoid Bone
Right Lung
Secondary Bronchi
Tracheal Ligament
Trachea
Larynx
Esophagus
Left Lung
Trachea
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
Airway Anatomy Upper Airway
◦ Pharynx◦ Epiglottis◦ Glottis◦ Vocal cords◦ Larynx
Lower Airway◦ Trachea◦ Bronchi◦ Alveoli◦ Lung tissue, consisting of lobes and lobules (3 on
the right and 2 on the left)◦ Pleura
Airway Anatomy
www.aap.org/nrp/ images/CDIMAGE4.JPG
arytenoids & aryepiglottic folds
Basic Airway Maneuvers ALWAYS REMEMBER THE BASICS
These skills should be used prior to initiating any advanced airway technique◦ Head-tilt/chin lift◦ Jaw thrust◦ Modified jaw thrust (for trauma patients)◦ Sellick’s maneuver
Airway Management Techniques Patency Maneuvers
Head tilt with chin lift, or jaw-thrust maneuver
13
Opening the airway
14
15
Jaw thrust technique may be needed if C-spine injury
1.Oropharyngeal Airway Size is measured from the corner of the mouth to the angle of the jaw
Sizes range from 0-6
It holds the tongue away from the posterior pharynx, but does not isolate the trachea
R 17
Simple airway adjuncts
Oral Airway continued The oral airway is inserted with the curve towards the side of the mouth
Then rotated so that the curve of the airway matches the curve of the tongue
19
Oropharyngeal airway insertion
2.Nasopharyngeal Airway Soft plastic or rubber tube that is designed to pass just inferior to the base of the tongue
Passed through one of the nares and can be used in patients with an intact gag reflex
CONTRAINDICATED in cases of suspected or possible basilar skull fracture Sizes range from 17-26 cm in length and 6-9 mm internal diameter Measured from tip of the nose to the corner of the patients ear
Nasal Airway continued The nasal airway is lubricated with a water soluble lubricant
The beveled tip is inserted directed towards the septum, with the airway directed perpendicular to the face
If resistance is met, rotating the airway may help or the other nare may be used
23
24
Nasopharyngeal airway insertion
Bag-Valve-Mask VentilationVery important skill to know
May provide temporary or definitive airway management.
One person - importance of a good seal.
Two person technique more effective.
In EMS setting may be as useful as endotracheal intubation.
Bag-Valve-Mask Ventilation