BASELINE INFORMATION OF PAPAYA CROP IN SINDH PAKISTAN (BRPGP006-12). DR. SAIFULLAH KHAN PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR BIOTECHNOLOGY WING INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR CHEMICAL & BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES H.E.J. RESEARCH INSTITUTEUNIVERSITY OF KARACHI PAKISTAN. 1
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BASELINE INFORMATION OF
PAPAYA CROP IN SINDH
PAKISTAN (BRPGP006-12).
DR. SAIFULLAH KHAN
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
BIOTECHNOLOGY WING
INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR CHEMICAL & BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
H.E.J. RESEARCH INSTITUTEUNIVERSITY OF KARACHI PAKISTAN.
1
PAPAYA
Papaya cultivation spread from 320 N and S from
the equator
Currently grown in India, Hawaii island, Tropical
America, Sri Lanka, Philippines, Indonesia, South
America and Pakistan as commercial level
cultivations.
2
PAPAYA GROWING COUNTRIES
It is the fruit native to tropical America, now
commercially grown in many parts of the world.
It has emerged from the status of a home garden crop to
that of commercial orchards.
It gives one of the highest productions in terms of fruit
and net return next to banana.
In Sindh Pakistan grown in costal areas – of about 1600
ha under cultivation with annual production – 8000tonns.
3
CLASSIFICATION & BOTANY OF CROP
Botanical name - Carica papaya
Family : Caricaceae
Caricaceae consist of 4 generas and 31 species.
Carica -22
Facaratia -6
Farilla - 1
Cylicomorpha - 2
Edible fruits are only found in Carrica papaya.
2n = 18
4
BOTANICAL CLASSIFICATION OF
PAPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA L.)
Kingdom Plantae – Plants
Subkingdom Tracheobionta – Vascular plants
Superdivision Spermatophyta – Seed plants
Division Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants
Class Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
Order Violales
Family Caricaceae – Papaya family
Genus Carica L. – papaya
Species Carica papaya L. – papaya
5
PAPAYA IS A POWERHOUSE OF NUTRIENTS
Papaya is a Neutraceutical plant having a wide range
of Pharmacological Activities
Nutritive values (fresh fruit and processed forms)
Good source of β-carotene & Iron for lactating
mothers
Major sugars are Sucrose (48.3%), Glucose (29.8%)
and Fructose (21.9%)
Excellent source of Antioxidants, Ascorbic Acid and
Minerals
6
NUTRITIVE VALUE (PER100GRAM EDIBLE
PORTIONS)
Water 90.8g Phosphorus 13.0mg
Energy 32.8k cal Iron 0.5mg
Protein 0.6g Carotene 666.0 µg
Fat 0.1g Thiamine 40.0 µg
Carbohydr
ates
7.2g Riboflavin 250.0 µg
Calcium 17.0mg Vit.C 57.0 g 7
LIFE OF PAPAYA
Papaya can be productive for THREE years,
Papain and yield reduces but can survive upto
age of 15-20 years and tree become too much tall.
Fruit size become small after 3 years
8
CONT….
9
COMMERCIAL VALUE
Widely used as fresh fruit and for use in drinks, Jam,
jellies, ice-cream, pies and as dried and crystallized
fruit.
Papaya is used in cosmetic industry:
White pulp of raw papaya improves pimples as well as
wrinkles.
Papaya work as good bleaching agent.
Papain is used as meat tenderizer.
10
BASELINE
The baseline is current status quo e.g. current
conventional cropping , historical agricultural or
environmental data and Risk Assessment of
specific crop from its cultivated area.
11
AIM AND OBJECTIVES
To collect baseline information about complete
production technology of papaya in the Sindh province
of Pakistan.
To collect maximum information about cultural practices
and neighboring crops including their weeds, wild
relatives.
To collect necessary information for an environmental
risk assessment of Genetically Modified Papaya may be
released into Pakistan. 12
MATERIALS & METHODS
A survey form/Questionare was designed which
contain all the necessary information
Data collected from different Papaya growing
areas as per survey form/questionare
13
SURVEY FORM/QUESTIONARE INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR CHEMICAL & BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
H.E.J. Research Institute, University of Karachi
Basline information of Papaya Crop in Sindh, Pakistan
Survey form for the Project Garant BRPGP006-12
Date:_______________
Growers Name:__________________ Area Name:________ GPS Reading__________
How many acres cultivated Papaya: 1. 0-5 acre 2. 5-10 acres 3. 10-15 acres
4……..acres
Papaya cultivars growing: 1._________ 2._________ 3.___________ 4.___________
Source of seed: ______________________________ Cetified/Non-certified
Know about Transgenic/GM papaya: (Yes/No)
Seed sowing practice:______________________________________________________
Seedling transplantion method and spacing:_______________________________
Ratio of male and female plants/acre:________________________________________
Soil type suitable for papaya cultivation:__________Waterlogged soil________
Soil analysis: ________________Water source:________________
Water analysis: ____________________ 14
Irrigation open/drip:______________Irrigation interval:______________________
Weed types:_________________________________________________________________
Weed control: (Hoeing/weedicide):__________________________________________
Fertilizer type and interval:________________________________________________
Diseases: 1. Bacterial 2. Fungal 3. Viral
Do you consult with agriculture extension for disease control/self medication: ____________________
Insect and pest type:________________________________________________________
Which pesticides and insecticides used:____________________________________
If GM, disease resistant or not:_____________________________________________
How much loss in case of disease attack PKR:______________________________
Taste of GM papaya:________________________________________________________
Yield difference in open irrigation and Drip irrigation:____________________
Yield difference between GM and Non-GM Papaya:________________________
Income per year/acre:______________________________________________________
Expenditure on cultivation of Papaya/acre by cultural practices: __________
Expenditure on cultivation of Papaya/acre by drip irrigation practices: ________________
How do you sale Fruit in market: Ripened/un-ripened
Age of plant for first fruit: ________________Temperature: __________________
Fruit size and weight: _____________________________________________________
Whats the life of papaya plants (years): ___________________________________
Whats height of Papaya plant:_____________________________________________
Any part of plant used for any disease cure: ______________________________
15
16
17
PAPAYA CULTIVATION
Cultivars:
1) Malir (Desi)
2) Bangali
Seed Source: Self selection from fruit
Chat wala (big source)
Seed sowing Practice:
a) Blocks
b) Earthen up each plant
c) Furrows 18
ROW TO ROW & PLANT TO PLANT
DISTANCE
50
10
30
10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2 feet 3 feet 4 feet 7 feet
Pla
nt
to P
lan
t D
ista
nce
Plant to Plant distance
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
3 feet 4 feet 5feet 8feet
Row to Row distance
19
Mode of Sowing
%age of Grower
20
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Blocks On Furrows Earthen up
each plant0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Malir tall Bangali
Source of Irrigation
Irrigation interval during
winter. In summer every 5 days
21
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Tube well Canal
0
20
40
60
80
10 days 15 days
Type of soil for Papaya
cultivation
Papaya Cultivated Land
22
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Clay Sandy Loam
% a
ge
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1.5
Acre
2
Acre
2.5
Acre
5
Acre
7
Acre
PAPAYA DISEASES
Weeds cleaning by
Hoeing and Spading
Ring Spot Virus &
Mealy Bug are most
prevalent problems
Fungal infection are
also observed in stem
and fruit.
23
YIELD PER ACRE AND
EXPENDITURE
Income per acre is
200-500 thousands
Expenditure per
Acre 60-90
thousands
24 Arathi pays investment for all inputs and drip irrigation
expenditures with buy back arrangement
FRUITING SEASON
October to March
Fruit Size:
a) Nehal 2-5kg
b) Sawne 1.5-2 kg
c) Daghar 0.5-1kg
25
COMMON WEEDS AND THEIR CONTROL
Cynodon dyctylon
Cyprus rotendus
Borad leaves
Ageratum conyzides
Amaranthus viridis
Boerhaevia diffusa
Euphorbia hirta
Parthenium hyselerophorus
Control: cultural control rarely use herbicides
26
PAPAYA USAGE IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE
Meat tenderizer
Constipation
Against motions
Aphrodiasic
Reducing Cholesterols
Dengue Fever
27
THANK YOU 28
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