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Baseline Analysis Report Integrated Tourism Master Plan for Lombok

Vol.1 Task A - Analysis of the Institutional and Legal, Regulatory and Policy Framework

PT. AECOM Indonesia

Ver.03 – 12 July 2019

Quality Information

Project Name : Integrated Tourism Master Plan for Lombok

Project No. : JKTD18082

Document Name : Baseline Analysis Report Vol.1

Prepared by Checked by Verified by Approved by

Syauqi Asyraf Faiz Aryo Kuncoro Sacha Schwarzkopf Utami Prastiana

Revision History

Version Submission Date Details Authorized Name Position

Ver. 01 13 Dec 2018 AR Dep. TL Ver. 02 18 Mar 2019 AR Dep. TL Ver. 03 12 July 2019 AR Dep. TL

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Disclaimer

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Table of Contents

Quality Information ..................................................................................................... 2

Disclaimer .................................................................................................................. 3

Table of Contents ....................................................................................................... 5

Table of Figures ......................................................................................................... 8

Table of Tables .......................................................................................................... 9

1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 12

1.1. Background ................................................................................................................... 12

1.2. Objectives ...................................................................................................................... 14

1.3. Report Structure ........................................................................................................... 15

1.4. Methodology .................................................................................................................. 17

1.4.1. Proposed ITMP Process ......................................................................................... 17

1.4.2. Overall Process ....................................................................................................... 18

1.4.3. Survey ..................................................................................................................... 19

2. Institutional and Legal, Regulatory, Policy Framework, and Studies .................. 21

2.1. Institutions and Stakeholders ..................................................................................... 22

2.1.1. Tourism Governance .............................................................................................. 23

2.1.1.1. National Level ......................................................................................... 24

2.1.1.2. Provincial Level ....................................................................................... 38

2.1.1.3. Kota/Kabupaten Level ............................................................................. 43 2.1.2. Stakeholder Identification and Mapping .................................................................. 57

2.1.2.1. Government Stakeholder ....................................................................... 57

2.1.2.2. Non-Government Stakeholders ............................................................... 61

2.1.2.3. Inter-agency Coordination Forum............................................................ 64 2.1.3. Collaboration Arrangements between Stakeholders .............................................. 64

2.1.3.1. Tourism Governance for SITMP ............................................................. 64 2.2. Policy and Regulatory Review .................................................................................... 69

2.2.1. National Development Planning Documents .......................................................... 69

2.2.1.1. Guiding Principles for Economic Responsibility....................................... 80

2.2.1.2. Guiding Principles for Social Responsibility ............................................ 80

2.2.1.3. Guiding Principles for Environmental Responsibility ............................... 81 2.2.2. Regional Spatial Planning Documents ................................................................... 81

2.2.3. Tourism Policy Documents ..................................................................................... 86

2.2.3.1. Document Relationship to ITMP for Lombok ........................................... 94

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2.2.3.2. Tourism Policies Gap Analysis ................................................................ 97

2.2.3.3. Delineation of Tourism Focus Area ....................................................... 100

2.2.3.4. Lombok Related Tourism Documents ................................................... 101

2.2.3.5. International Tourism Policy .................................................................. 104 2.2.4. Infrastructure Plan and Policy ............................................................................... 108

2.2.4.1. Transportation Plan and Policy ............................................................. 108

2.2.4.2. Water Supply Plan and Policy ............................................................... 111

2.2.4.3. Wastewater Plan and Policy ................................................................. 117

2.2.4.4. Solid Waste Plan and Policy ................................................................. 120

2.2.4.5. Drainage Plan and Policy ...................................................................... 124

2.2.4.6. Power and Energy Plan and Policy ....................................................... 127

2.2.4.7. Technology, Information and Communication Plan and Policy .............. 128 2.2.5. Disaster Mitigation Policy ...................................................................................... 128

2.3. Environmental and Social Management Plans ........................................................ 133

2.3.1. Regulation ............................................................................................................. 133

2.3.1.1. Environmental Documents .................................................................... 133

2.3.1.2. Environmental Permit ............................................................................ 134

2.3.1.3. Land Acquisition ................................................................................... 137 2.3.2. Information on Regional Environmental Management Performance (IKPLHD) ... 137

2.3.2.1. IKPLHD Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat ................................................ 137

2.3.2.2. IKPLHD Kota Mataram ......................................................................... 141

2.3.2.3. IKPLHD Kabupaten Lombok Utara ....................................................... 142

2.3.2.4. IKPLHD Kabupaten Lombok Barat ........................................................ 143

2.3.2.5. IKPLHD Kabupaten Lombok Timur ....................................................... 145 2.3.3. Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) .............................. 145

2.4. Indigenous Peoples Framework ............................................................................... 148

2.5. Cultural Heritage Framework .................................................................................... 149

2.5.1. Sectoral Plan of Cultural Heritage Development .................................................. 151

2.5.1.1. Case Study: National Heritage Board of Singapore .............................. 153

3. Spatial Plan, Sectoral Plan, and Tourism Guidelines ....................................... 155

3.1. Analysis of the Spatial Planning Policy ................................................................... 155

3.1.1.1. Government Regulation of Republic of Indonesia No 13 of 2017 about National Spatial Planning ....................................................................................... 155

3.1.1.2. Presidential Regulations No. 56 of 2014 about Nusa Tenggara Spatial Planning 156

3.1.1.3. Provincial Level Spatial Plan (RTRW Provinsi NTB 2009-2029) ........... 158

3.1.1.4. Region Level Spatial Plan (RTRW Kota / Kabupaten) ........................... 164

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3.1.1.5. Detailed Spatial Plan (RDTR Kota/Kabupaten, Kecamatan or Area) ..... 177

3.1.1.6. Summary .............................................................................................. 179 3.2. Analysis of Lombok Tourism Planning .................................................................... 181

3.2.1. Tourism Spatial Planning ...................................................................................... 181

3.2.1.1. Tourism Spatial Pattern in Lombok Island ............................................. 181 3.3. Analysis of Tourism Guidelines ................................................................................ 185

3.3.1. Guidelines for Integrated and Sustainable Tourism Development Program ........ 185

3.3.1.1. Purpose of Program .............................................................................. 185

3.3.1.2. Area Delineation ................................................................................... 185

3.3.1.3. Program Strategies ............................................................................... 187 3.4. Summary – Opportunities and Constraints ............................................................. 188

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Table of Figures

Figure 1. Existing Tourst Attraction of Lombok Island ................................................................... 10 Figure 2. Key Tourism Area ........................................................................................................... 11 Figure 3. Issue components of ITDP ............................................................................................. 13 Figure 4 ITMP Development Process ............................................................................................ 17 Figure 5 ITMP Development Process by Stages........................................................................... 18 Figure 6 Survey Components ........................................................................................................ 19 Figure 7 Analysis and Synthesis Components .............................................................................. 20 Figure 8 Development actor classification ..................................................................................... 22 Figure 9 Development actor based on the institutions .................................................................. 22 Figure 10 Stakeholder engagement scheme ................................................................................. 23 Figure 11 ITMP Policy and Regulatory Framework ....................................................................... 69 Figure 12 The Sustainable Development Goals ............................................................................ 79 Figure 13 The Flowchart of RIPPARDA Formulation .................................................................... 96 Figure 14 The Comparison of Different Strategic Tourism Area Delineation .............................. 101 Figure 16 AMDAL Process through Online Single Submission (OSS) System .......................... 136 Figure 17 Heritage-Listed Sites in Lombok ................................................................................. 152 Figure 18 Nusa Tenggara Spatial Structure ................................................................................ 157 Figure 19 Tourism Spatial Patterns of Nusa Tenggara Islands .................................................. 158 Figure 20 Map of Provincial Spatial Plan (RTRW) 2009-2029 Spatial Structure. ....................... 160 Figure 21 Map of NTB Province RTRW 2009-2029 Spatial Patterns. ........................................ 162 Figure 22 Map of NTB Province RTRW 2009-2029 Strategic Area. .......................................... 163 Figure 23 Administrative Map of Kota Mataram. ......................................................................... 164 Figure 24 Map of Kota Mataram Spatial Structure. ..................................................................... 165 Figure 25 Map of Kota Mataram Spatial Patterns. ...................................................................... 166 Figure 26 Map of Kota Mataram Strategic Area. ......................................................................... 167 Figure 27 Graphical Sumary of Kota Mataram RTRW 2011-2031 .............................................. 168 Figure 28 Graphical Sumary of Kabupaten Lombok Utara RTRW 2011-2031 ........................... 168 Figure 29 Kabupaten Lombok Utara Spatial Patterns. ................................................................ 170 Figure 30 Kabupaten Lombok Utara Strategic Area map. .......................................................... 171 Figure 31 Graphical Sumary of Kabupaten Lombok Timur ......................................................... 171 Figure 32 Graphical Summary of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah RTRW ....................................... 173 Figure 33 Graphical Summary of Kabupaten Lombok Barat RTRW .......................................... 175 Figure 33 Spatial Plan Summary ................................................................................................. 179 Figure 34 Tourism area in National Strategic Tourism Area (KSPN) in RIPPARNAS ................ 181 Figure 35 Tourism area in Districts Strategic Tourism Area (KSPD) in RIPPARDA ................... 182 Figure 36 Three key tourism areas in RIRD documents. ............................................................ 183 Figure 37 KSPN, KSPD, and RIRD delineation (from left to right) .............................................. 183 Figure 38 Key tourism area delineation based on regulation, combination of KSPN, KSPD, and RIRD ............................................................................................................................................. 184 Figure 39 Integrated and Sustainable Tourism Development Program Delineation ................... 188

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Table of Tables

Table 1 List Government Stakeholders ......................................................................................... 57 Table 2 List of Non-Government Stakeholders ............................................................................. 61 Table 3 List of Inter-agency Coordianation Forum ........................................................................ 64 Table 4 List of Development Planning Documents ....................................................................... 70 Table 5 Analysis of the Main Issues and Strategies based on the Development Planning Documents ..................................................................................................................................... 75 Table 6 Analysis of the Direction based on the Development Planning Documents .................... 78 Table 7 The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals ...................................................... 78 Table 8 List of Spatial Planning Regulation ................................................................................... 81 Table 9 List of Tourism Policy ........................................................................................................ 87 Table 10 Tourism Policies Gap Analysis ....................................................................................... 97 Table 11 List of Lombok Related Tourism Documents ............................................................... 102 Table 12 List of Related International Tourism Policy ................................................................. 105 Table 13 Transportation Plan and Policy ..................................................................................... 108 Table 14 Water Supply Plan and Policy ...................................................................................... 111 Table 15 Wasterwater Plan and Policy ........................................................................................ 117 Table 16 Solid Waste Plan and Policy ......................................................................................... 120 Table 17 Drainage Plan and Policy ............................................................................................. 124 Table 18 Power and Energy Plan and Policy .............................................................................. 127 Table 19 Technology, Information, and Communication Plan and Policy ................................... 128 Table 20 Disaster Mitigation Policy .............................................................................................. 129 Table 21 Heritage sites legal basis .............................................................................................. 152 Table 22 KSPN and KSPD Development Intention Summary .................................................... 184 Table 23 Area Deliniation ............................................................................................................. 185 Table 24 Overall Opportunity and Constraints ............................................................................ 188

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Figure 1. Existing Tourist Attraction of Lombok Island

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Figure 2. Key Tourism Area

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1. Introduction

1.1. Background Indonesia tourism has further improved its performance on the international level. Based on the World Economic Forum’s Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI), Indonesia has been successful in improving its position in all TTCI criteria from 50th position in 2015, go up to 42nd position in 2017. The country has further expanded the offer and promotion of its natural resources by increasing the size of protected areas and attracting more online interest in natural activities. Indonesia should focus on improving its tourism service infrastructure. Combining development and environmental sustainability will be key for the future success of the sector and the wellbeing of Indonesian citizens.

The growth of the tourism sector encourages the Government of Indonesia to make tourism one of the leading sectors. The Government of Indonesia has decided to transform Indonesia’s economy using tourism as one of the main growth drivers. More specifically, it aims to increase foreign visitors, domestic visitors, foreign exchange earnings, employment, and tourism competitiveness through the integrated development of priority tourism destinations.

One form of effort to promote tourism as the leading sector in Indonesia's economic growth is by establishing and developing 10 priority tourism destinations. This is also in line with Indonesia's Vision 2045 where Indonesia's development in 2045 consists of 4 pillars, one of which is sustainable economic development. One element is tourism activities.

To started it all, the Government is preparing a tourism development program under the overall guidance of the National Tourism Coordination Team, with Ministry of Tourism (MoT) as coordinator and with the Ministry of Public Works and Housing (MPWH) as an executing agency, working together with several other Ministries and Agencies as implementing agencies, and bringing together APBN, ABPDI, APBDII to implement the Government’s program and achieve these aims.

The National Tourism Coordination Team function is to implement the Integrated Tourism Master Plan that has been prepared. The ITMP serves to solve all existing tourism problems and issues while fostering the role of tourism in the local and national economy. The ITMP serves as a guide for integrated tourism development and takes care of many aspects, one of which is sustainable development.

From all the problem and issues in national tourism sector in Indonesia, World Bank had been analysis it and produce several fact and priority issues. The development of tourism in Indonesia is facing four main constraints:

1. Weak coordination and implementation capabilities for tourism development and monitoring and preservation of assets.

2. Continued poor access and quality of infrastructure and services for citizens, visitors and businesses

3. Outside of Bali, limited tourism workforce skills and private-sector tourism services and facilities

4. Weak enabling environment for private investment and business entry.

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Based on the above main constraints, the Indonesia Tourism Development Project (ITDP) targets each constraint to unlock Indonesia's tourism potential. The ITDP is expected to contribute to a higher number of foreign and domestic visitors, related increases in tourism foreign exchange earnings, employment, contribution to GDP and overall competitiveness. The four project components of the ITDP are:

Component 1: Increase institutional capacity to facilitate integrated and sustainable tourism development

Component 2: Improve tourism-relevant road quality and basic services accessibility Component 3: Promote local participation in the tourism economy Component 4: Enhance the enabling environment for private investment and business entry in

tourism

The four project components above will become a reference in the preparation of this project in general and in particular, will be a reference in better understanding issues that will be the focus of this baseline analysis report. The studies carried out in this baseline analysis report will provide an analysis of issues central to supporting tourism development in Indonesia.

Figure 3. Issue components of ITDP

Of the 10 priority destinations in Indonesia, there are 3 destinations that will be developed early, namely Lombok Island, Lake Toba and Borobudur-Yogyakarta-Prambanan as part of the ITDP project. Lombok is one of the preferred destinations because Lombok has long been a center of tourism in Indonesia besides Bali Island.

Although it has become the center of Indonesian tourism, Lombok also has many issues and challenges in its development. This step is an attempt to develop Lombok as an international descent. Required frameworks, regulations, directions plan, and all the analysis in the Integrated Tourism Master Plan for Lombok.

To analyze more detail about the tourism destination, this report contains an analysis to answer the four tasks as follows:

1. Task A - Analysis of the institutional and legal, regulatory and policy framework; 2. Task B - Analysis of demand and opportunities for tourism destination area development;

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3. Task C - Analysis of baseline conditions of spatial plans, infrastructure gaps and visitor attractions and facilities;

4. Task D - Articulation of environmental, social, socio-economic, and cultural heritage opportunities and constraints;

This background aims to look for the main issue that will be addressed by ITMP for Lombok. The method that is used to review and summarize the main issues are:

• Inventory of existing studies • Field survey • Interview with related stakeholders

1.2. Objectives In general, this baseline analysis report aims to get an overview of the existing conditions of Lombok Island as a tourist destination. In particular, the purpose of the discussion of this report will be more specific depending on each task:

Task A

Develop the tourism planning principles that will be used in the development of the ITMP for Lombok

Identify and analyze relevant international as well as national standards as they relate to sustainable and responsible tourism development

Review and analyze relevant plans, policies and regulations as they relate to the development of the ITMP for Lombok

Carry out a stakeholder analysis identifying the responsibility of each in the development of the ITMP for Lombok

Summarize and prioritize the relevant ITMP for Lombok issues and concerns

Task B

Assemble and review information on population (including ethnic minorities, vulnerable groups, Indigenous Peoples (IPs), and employment growth trends.

Assemble and review information on all areas of potential economic growth, including tourism and travel, to identify the linkages between the various sectors of the economy affecting, and affected by, tourism development in the tourism destination area.

Assemble and review information on domestic and foreign visitors and related accommodation, facilities, and attractions, past visitor trends and projected growth, and related demand for new tourism enterprises and services.

Assemble and review information on the capabilities and skills of local businesses, especially local firms and communities to play an active role in, and benefit from, accelerated tourism development.

Task C

An in-depth understanding of the baseline condition for tourism development and Identification of both spatial planning and infrastructure and service provision issues.

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Task D

Analyze the E&S sensitivity and suitability generated from available baseline information, used as a basis to identify opportunities, constraint, and assess impacts and benefits.

An in-depth understanding of constraints and opportunities for the development of the tourism destination area is indispensable to ensure that tourism development will be sustainable.

Ensure that key environmental, social, community and cultural heritage assets are protected, and impacts are properly managed.

1.3. Report Structure This Baseline Analysis Report is prepared based on the tasks listed in the ToR.

1. Task A - Analysis of the institutional and legal, regulatory and policy framework: 2. Task B - Analysis of demand and opportunities for tourism destination area development; 3. Task C - Analysis of baseline conditions of spatial plans, infrastructure gaps and visitor

attractions and facilities; 4. Task D - Articulation of environmental, social, socio-economic, and cultural heritage

opportunities and constraints;

To get a more detailed analysis, each task will be organized into a separate volume. It is expected that with this division, the discussion in each task will be more comprehensive. In each report, conclusions will be drawn for each of these tasks. In addition, at the end of Task D there will be an overall conclusion that includes conclusions from Task A, B, C, and D.

Vol. 1

1. Introduction 1.1. Background 1.2. Objectives 1.3. Report Structure

2. Task A - Analysis of the institutional and legal, regulatory and policy

framework; 2.1. Institutions and Stakeholder Analysis 2.2. Regulatory and Policy Review

2.2.1. National Development Planning Documents 2.2.2. Regional Spatial Planning Documents 2.2.3. Tourism Policy Documents 2.2.4. Infrastructure Plan and Policy 2.2.5. Sectoral Infrastructure Master Plan 2.2.6. Disaster Mitigation Policy

2.3. Environmental and Social Management Plans 2.3.1. Regulation 2.3.2. IKPLHD

2.4. Indigenous People Framework 2.5. Cultural Heritage Site Management Plan 2.6. Summary of Task A

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Vol. 2

3. Task B - Analysis of demand and opportunities for tourism destination area development 3.1. Demographic Analysis

3.1.1. Lombok Population and Growth per Kabupaten / Kota 3.1.2. Lombok Population and Growth in Key Tourism Areas

3.2. Macro-Economic Analysis 3.2.1. Lombok Regional Economy 3.2.2. Lombok Regional Economy per Kabupaten / Kota 3.2.3. Lombok Regional Economy in Key Tourism Areas 3.2.4. Lombok Investment Level

3.3. Socio-Economic Analysis 3.3.1. Livelihood 3.3.2. Education 3.3.3. Workforce and Employment 3.3.4. Poverty and Social Problems 3.3.5. Ethnicity 3.3.6. Indigenous People

3.4. Lombok Tourism Patterns Over Time 3.5. Tourism Facilities

3.5.1. Accommodation 3.5.2. MICE 3.5.3. Food and Beverage Facilities 3.5.4. Retail Facilities 3.5.5. Travel Agent and Tourism Information Services 3.5.6. Spas and Salons 3.5.7. Financial Services including ATMs 3.5.8. Supporting Services: Laundry, Barber, and Car Rental 3.5.9. Internet Provision

3.6. Capabilities and Skills of Local Businesses and Employees 3.6.1. Local Business and Firms 3.6.2. Community Roles in Tourism Development

3.7. Summary of Situational Analysis and Identification of Opportunities

Vol. 3

4. Task C - Analysis of baseline conditions of spatial plans, infrastructure gaps, and visitor attractions and facilities; 4.1. Spatial Plans, Infrastructure Gaps, and Visitor Attractions and Facilities Baseline

4.1.1. Analysis of The Spatial Planning Policy 4.1.2. Spatial Planning Base Map Formulation 4.1.3. Environmental Baseline 4.1.4. Culture Significance Resources 4.1.5. Social Conflict

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4.2. Infrastructure and Service Provision Baseline 4.3. Case Study and Project Benchmarking 4.4. Key Issue of Tourism Development 4.5. Potential and Existing Key Priority Tourism Areas 4.6. Summary of Situational Analysis and Identification of Opportunities

Vol. 4

5. Task D - Articulation of environmental, social, socio-economic, and cultural heritage opportunities and constraints;

6. Synthesis of the Overall Baseline Analysis Report 7. Key Issues Formulation

1.4. Methodology 1.4.1. Proposed ITMP Process

The diagram below illustrates the conceptual visualizations of the overall process of development. The attempt of this course is to provide an integrated approach while still meeting the demands of the four tasks.

PLAN & PLAN FORMULATION

Analysis & Synthesis

Overall Objectives of

ITMP

Development Principles

• National, Provincial and Local Development Policies & Plans

• National, Provincial and Local Tourism Policies

• World Bank objectives

• SDGs• Responsible

Tourism Principles

• AECOM SD Practices

Survey

• Tourism travel patterns

• Past and present tourism arrivals

Social and cultural patterns and trends

Environmental characteristics and

quality

Existing and planned land uses

Existing and planned

infrastructure

Existing & planned tourism

accommodation & facilities

Existing tourism legislation and

regulations

Present investment policies and

availability of capital

Present government and private sector

tourism organizations

Social and cultural policies and plans

Environmental policy

Tourism legislation and regulations

Investment policy

Organizational policies and plans

Disaster response and preparedness

Disaster response and preparedness plans

Projection of tourism

expenditures

Social and cultural mpactss

Environmental impacts

Projection of planned land uses

Projection of infrastructure

Projection of tourism

accommodation and facilities

Tourism legislation and regulations

Projection of investment policies

Effectiveness of government & private sector organizations

Projected disaster response

Development and assessment of alternative

policies and plans

Agreement on Overall Vision

Land use policies and plans

Economic policy

Infrastructure policy and plan

HRD and capacity building

Marketing and branding strategy

Development of Vision, Framework and Strategic

Directions

Agreement on and development of overall plan framework and directions

Figure 4 ITMP Development Process

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1.4.2. Overall Process

ITMP

Analysis & Synthesis(SWOT)

Overall Objectives of

ITMP

Development Principles

• National, Provincial and Local Development Policies & Plans• National, Provincial and Local Tourism Policies• World Bank objectives

• SDGs• Responsible Tourism Principles• AECOM SD Practices

Survey

Development of Vision,

Framework and Strategic

Directions

• Agreement on overall vision• Agreement on and development of overall plan framework and

directions• Development and assessment of alternative policies and plans

(scenarios)

ITMP Development Process

Infrastructure Strategy

• See detailed process




Sta

ge 1

Sta

ge 2

Sta

ge 3

Figure 5 ITMP Development Process by Stages

Walter Jamieson

I assume that this is a project we are working on

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1.4.3. Survey

This diagram below is a visualization of the survey process which provides an integrated series of facts.

Survey • Tourism travel patterns• Past and present tourism arrivals

• Social and cultural patterns and trends

• Environmental characteristics and quality

• Existing and planned land uses

• Existing and planned infrastructure

• Existing & planned tourism accommodation & facilities

• Existing tourism legislation and regulations

• Present investment policies and availability of capital

• Present government and private sector tourism organizations

• Disaster response and preparedness

• Branding, marketing and promotion policies, plans and strategies

• Stakeholder management/stakeholder mapping

• Quality of overall visitor experience (experience mapping)

• Safety and security situation (statistics, structure and policies)

Figure 6 Survey Components

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Analysis & Synthesis

• Projection of tourism expenditures

• Social and cultural impacts

• Environmental impacts

• Projection of planned land uses

• Projection of infrastructure

• Projection of tourism accommodation and facilities

• Tourism legislation and regulations

• Projection of investment policies

• Effectiveness of government & private sector organizations

• Projected disaster response

• Branding, marketing and promotion policies, plans and strategies requirements

• Stakeholder management/stakeholder mapping

• Quality of overall visitor experience (experience mapping)

• Safety and security effectiveness

Figure 7 Analysis and Synthesis Components

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2. Institutional and Legal, Regulatory, Policy Framework, and Studies

On this chapter, we will make a thorough analysis of the existing institutional and legal framework related to integrated tourism and spatial development in Lombok Island. This includes:

Identification of agencies responsible for tourism development, spatial development planning, infrastructure planning, as well as environmental, social and cultural management.

The legal framework consists of: Spatial Planning Documents: Sectoral Master Plans: Environmental and Social Management Plans, Indigenous Peoples studies/documents; Cultural Heritage Site Management Plans.

Identification of the planning authority/authorities within the destination for the various components; e.g. land use, transport, utilities, and visitor management to main World Heritage Sites (WHSs).

Identification of all stakeholders and collaboration arrangements between them to develop the tourism program; e.g. governments, SOEs, private sector, communities, and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs).

Evaluation of the regulatory framework within which planning implementation will occur. Review and evaluation of relevant existing spatial and sectoral development plans (including

plans for national parks, if applicable), including all regulatory instruments and associated policy documents currently in place to guide and control development.

There are several spatial and sectoral planning documents, regulatory and policies that become the reference on the formulation of ITMP. This chapter will analyze those spatial planning documents with the intention to understand the existing spatial planning directions and to find the opportunity and constraint that need to be addressed by the formulation of the ITMP.

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2.1. Institutions and Stakeholders

Figure 8 Development actor classification

Actor Based on the Institutions

Figure 9 Development actor based on the institutions

Actors

Government

Outside Government

Interest Groups

Academics/Researchers/Consultants

The Medias

Private Sectors

NGOs

Community

Administration

Bureaucrats

Parliament

Regulations

Institutions

Regulations

Policies/Plans/

Programs

Regulations

Institutions

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Figure 10 Stakeholder engagement scheme

2.1.1. Tourism Governance

There are many agencies and stakeholders that are related to tourism activities both directly and indirectly. Therefore, it is important to mapping and describing in detail each of the stakeholders related to tourism activities, especially those from the government. The government being authorized and functioning as a regulator, operator, coordinator and executor of tourism activities. In this tourism governance section, agencies or parts of the government that have a role in tourism activities, will be marked with bold writing and will be explained in more detail about their roles,

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duties and functions, including their influence on tourism activities especially for the implementation of ITMP Lombok.

2.1.1.1. National Level

A. Ministry of Tourism

Based on Minister of Tourism Regulation No. 1 of 2017 about Ministry of Tourism Organization and Working Procedure, Ministry of Tourism has 5 deputies, include:

• Ministry Secretary • Deputy for Industry and Institutional Development • Deputy for Tourism Destination Development • Deputy for Tourism Promotion I • Deputy for Tourism Promotion II

Deputy for Industry and Institutional Development Role and Responsibilities: to prepare policy development, to coordinate and implement related to programs including strategic management development, tourism industry and regulation, culture tourism development, natural and built tourism development, tourism skills development, and inter-agency relations.

This deputy consists of:

• Deputy Secretary • Assistant Deputy for Strategic Management • Assistant Deputy for Tourism Industry and Regulation • Assistant Deputy for Culture Tourism Development • Assistant Deputy for Natural and Built Tourism Development • Assistant Deputy for Tourism Skills Development and Inter-agency relations

Assistant Deputy for Strategic Management Consists of:

• Section for Strategic Environmental Analysis o Subsection for External and Internal Environmental Analysis o Subsection for Leader’s Material Preparation

• Section for Strategic Planning o Subsection Strategic Planning I o Subsection Strategic Planning II

• Section for Strategic Implementation o Subsection Project Management o Subsection System Integration

• Section for Performance Evalution o Subsection Design and Performance Measurement o Subsection Public Service Innovation

Asisten Deputy of Strategic Management has responsibilities for preparation of policy formulation materials, coordination and synchronization of policy implementation, implementation of technical guidance and monitoring in the field of strategic management. Assistant Deputy for Tourism Industry and Regulation

Consists of:

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• Section for Tourism Industry Management o Subsection for Management o Subsection for Standardization and Certification

• Section for Tourism Industry Partnership o Subsection for Cross-Sector and Regional Partnership o Subsection for Tourism Business Partnerhip

• Section for Tourism Regulation, Research and Development o Subsection for Regulation o Subsection for Research and Development

• Section for Information Data and Communication Information Technology o Subsection for Processing Data and Information o Subsection for Communication Information Technology Development

Asisten Deputy of Strategic Management has responsibilities for preparation of policy formulation materials, coordination and synchronization of policy implementation, implementation of technical guidance and monitoring in the field of Tourism Industry and Regulation.

Assistant Deputy for Culture Tourism Development

Consists of: • Section for Cullinary and Shopping Tourism

o Subsection for Cullinary Tourism o Subsection for Shopping Tourism

• Section for Historical and Cultural Heritage Tourism o Subsection for Historical and Religious Tourism o Subsection for Tradition and Cultural Tourism

• Section for Rural dan Urban Tourism o Subsection for Rural Tourism o Subsection for Urban Tourism

• Section for Thematic Tourism o Subsection for Thematic Tourism I o Subsection for Thematic Tourism II

Asisten Deputy of Strategic Management has responsibilities for preparation of policy formulation materials, coordination and synchronization of policy implementation, implementation of technical guidance and monitoring in the field of Culture Tourism Development.

Assistant Deputy for Natural and Built Tourism Development

Consists of: • Section for Marine Tourism

o Subsection for Beach Tourism o Subsection for Seascape and Underwater Tourism

• Section for Eco-Tourism o Subsection for Forest Eco-Tourism o Subsection for Geopark Eco-Tourism

• Section for Adventure Tourism o Subsection for Nusa Tourism o Subsection for Tirta and Dirga Tourism

• Section for Built Tourism o Subsection for Sport and MICE o Subsection for Special and Integrated Tourism Area

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Asisten Deputy of Strategic Management has responsibilities for preparation of policy formulation materials, coordination and synchronization of policy implementation, implementation of technical guidance and monitoring in the field of Natural and Built Tourism Development.

Assistant Deputy for Tourism Skills Development and Inter-agency relations

• Section for Education and Training for Human Resources (Apparatus) and Transformation o Sub Section Human Resources (Apparatus) o Sub Section Transformation

• Section for Tourism Human Resources Development and Competencies Certification o Sub Section Tourism Human Resources Development o Sub Section Competence Certification

• Section for Tourism Community Development o Sub Section Travel Conscious (Sadar Wisata) o Sub Section Community Business Partnership

• Section for Inter-Agency Relations o Sub Section Inter-Agency Relations I (Internal) o Sub Section Inter-Agency Relations II (External)

Assistant deputy for tourism development and inter-agency relations skills had functions to empower workers, human resources, and the community in order to actively participate in tourism activities. This is also an effort so that tourism can have a big influence on Indonesian economics

Deputy for Destination Development Role and Responsibilities: to prepare policy development, to coordinate and synchronize related to tourism destination development.


• Deputy Secretary • Assistant Deputy for Infrastructure and Ecosystem • Assistant Deputy for Tourism Investment • Assistant Deputy for Destination Development Regional I • Assistant Deputy for Destination Development Regional II • Assistant Deputy for Destination Development Regional III

Assistant Deputy for Infrastructure and Ecosystem

consists of :

• Section Destination Design o Sub Section Destination Strategy and Prototype o Sub Section Destination Analysis

• Section Tourism Amenities o Sub Section Tourism Amenity Strategy and Evaluation o Sub Section Tourism Amenity Facilities

• Section Tourism Accessibility o Sub Section Tourism Transportation and Connectivity o Sub Section Tourism Information Technology and Communication Facility

• Section Tourism Ecosystem o Sub Section Tourism Ecosystem Strategy and Planning o Sub Section Tourism Ecosystem Partnership and Integration

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The Assistant Deputy for Infrastructure has the functions for assessing, analyzing, planning, and initiating infrastructure development, as well as evaluating infrastructure accessibility and services in tourism destinations. This is also one of the main focuses on the tourism development of tourism on Lombok Island.

Assistant Deputy for Destination Development Regional III

• Section for Area Destination I o Sub Section for Area Destination I A (West Nusa Tenggara) o Sub Section for Area Destination I B (East Nusa Tenggara)

• Section for Area Destination II o Sub Section for Area Destination II A (North Sulawesi) o Sub Section for Area Destination II B (Central Sulawesi)

• Section for Area Destination III o Sub Section for Area Destination III A (South Sulawesi) o Sub Section for Area Destination III B (West and Southeast Sulawesi)

• Section for Area Destination IV o Sub Section for Area Destination IV A (Maluku and North Maluku) o Sub Section for Area Destination IV B (Papua and West Papua)

Lombok (Nusa Tenggara Barat) is under Assistant Deputy for Destination Development Regional III – Section Destination Area I of IV – sub section destination I A. This section has responsibility for sustainable tourism, inclusive tourism and tourism destination management, tourism investment, technical guidance implementation and destination development monitoring in Bali, Nusa Tenggara Barat, and Nusa Tenggara Timur. The sub section has a role and responsibility for Nusa Tenggara Barat.

Deputy for Tourism Promotion I

Roles and responsibilites: organize policy formulation, coordination and synchronization of policy implementation, and cooperation in the section of marketing strategy and communication, marketing development I


• Deputy Secretary • Assistant Deputy for Marketing I Strategic and Communication • Assistant Deputy for Marketing Development I Regional I • Assistant Deputy for Marketing Development I Regional II • Assistant Deputy for Marketing Development I Regional III • Assistant Deputy for Marketing Development I Regional IV

Assistant Deputy for Marketing Development I Regional II

Roles and responsibilities: carry out the formulation and implementation of policies, as well as the implementation of technical guidance and monitoring in the field of marketing development I Regional III. Consists of:

• Section for Marketing Area I (Bali) o Subsection Area I A o Subsection Area I B

• Section for Marketing Area II (NTB, NTT, Timor Leste) o Subsection Area II A o Subsection Area II B

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• Section for Marketing Area III (Sulawesi, Phillipines) o Subsection Area III A o Subsection Area III B

• Section for Marketing Area IV (Maluku, Papua, Papua New Guinea) o Subsection Area IV A o Subsection Area IV B

Tourism Destination Programs - Lombok as Destination will need attraction, accessibility and amenities development. The program of each destination part and its related institution will describe as below.

Attraction (Natural Attraction (Environment Agency), Cultural Attraction (Tourism Agency, Cultural Agency), other attraction (Private Sector)

Accessibility (Transportation (MoT – Air, Sea and Land), Road (Public Works - BPIW, DG Bina Marga, DG Cipta Karya)

Amenity (Water (DG Cipta Karya), Home Stay (Private), Mosque Facilities (Government)

B. Ministry of Public Works and Housing

Based on the Minister of Public Works and Housing Regulations No 15/PRT/M of 2015 about Ministry of Public Works and Housing Organization and Working Procedure, MPWH has 6 Directorate Generals and 3 Agencies, include:

• Secretary-General • Inspectorate General • Directorate General for Water Resources • Directorate General for Bina Marga • Directorate General for Cipta Karya • Directorate General for Housing Provision • Directorate General for Construction Development • Directorate General for Housing Financing • Regional Infrastructure Development Agency • Development and Research Agency • Human Resources Development Agency

Directorate General for Water Resources Carry out the formulation and implementation of policies in the field of water resources conservation management, utilization of water resources and controlling the destructive power of water on the surface of the water source, and utilization of ground water in accordance with the provisions of legislation

This Directorate General consists of • Secretary of Directorate General • Directorate for Stewardship of Water Resources • Directorate for Development of Water Resources Network • Directorate for Coast and River • Directorate for Irrigation and Swamp • Directorate for Operation and Maintenance

Directorate for Stewardship of Water Resources

• Sub-directorate for Planning of River Area

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o Section for Planning of River Area I (Sumatera and Java) o Section for Planning of River Area II (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali, Nusa Tenggara,

Maluku, and Papua) • Sub-directorate for Arrangement and Monitoring

o Section for Arrangement o Section for Monitoring

• Sub-directorate for Institutional o Section for Institutional I (Sumatera and Java) o Section for Institutional I (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and

Papua) • Sub-directorate for Water Resources Utilization

o Section for Permits o Section for Partnership

• Sub-directorate for Hydrology and Water Resources Environment o Section for Hydrology and Water Quality o Section for Water Resources Environment

One of the issues in the development of tourism in Lombok is the availability of water resources. Management as well as looking for potential water sources are essential in serving the community at large.

Directorate for Development of Water Resources Network

• Sub-directorate for Planning of Water Resources o Section for Management Strategies o Section for Development Appropriateness

• Sub-directorate for Programs Integration o Section for Program Integration I (Sumatera and Java) o Section for Program Integration II (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali, Nusa Tenggara,

Maluku, and Papua) • Sub-directorate for Evaluation and Quality Management

o Section for Evaluation and Quality Management I (Sumatera and Java) o Section for Evaluation and Quality Management II (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali,

Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and Papua) • Sub-directorate for Information System and Water Resources Data

o Section for System Information Development o Section for Data and Information Development

• Sub-directorate for Partnership o Section for Multilateral Partnership o Section for Bilateral Partnership

It is essential that the Lombok Tourism plan integrates with the provision of water networks; this is as to create a tourism area that has complete infrastructure services.

Directorate for Coast and River

• Sub-directorate for Planning o Section for Planning of Western Region (Sumatera and Java) o Section for Planning of Eastern Region (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali, Nusa

Tenggara, Maluku, and Papua) • Sub-directorate for River of Western Region

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o Section for Western Region I (Sumatera) o Section for Western Region II (Java)

• Sub-directorate for River of Eastern Region o Section for Eastern Region I (Kalimantan and Sulawesi) o Section for Eastern Region II (Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and Papua)

• Sub-directorate for Coast o Section for Western Region (Sumatera and Java) o Section for Eastern Region (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku,

and Papua) • Sub-directorate for Technical Guidance

o Section for Technical Guidance of Western Region (Sumatera and Java) o Section for Technical Guidance of Eastern Region (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali,

Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and Papua)

Lombok as an island with a diversity of coastal tourism requires planning and management of coastal areas. Cooperation is needed by the Directorate for Coast and River so that planning and management of coastal areas can be well directed.

Directorate General for Bina Marga Roles and Responsibilities: Organise the formulation and implementation of policies in the field of road management as well as increase national connectivity and road policies.

This Directorate General consists of:

• Secretary of Directorate General • Directorate for Road Network Development • Directorate for Road Development • Directorate for Road Preservation • Directorate for Bridge • Directorate for Toll Road, Urban, and Local Road Facilitation

Directorate for Road Network Development

• Sub-directorate for Planning Integration and Network System o Section for Planning Integration o Section for Network System

• Sub-directorate for Program o Section for Program I (Sumatera and Java) o Section for Program II (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and

Papua) • Sub-directorate Data Analysis and System Development

o Section for Data Analysis o Section for System Development

• Sub-directorate Environment and Road Safety o Section for Environment o Section for Road Safety

• Sub-directorate Monitoring and Evaluation o Section for Monitoring o Section for Evaluation and Reporting

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Accessibility is one of the main issues in developing tourism destinations on the island of Lombok. The Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing, through the Directorate of Road Network Development, seeks to provide roads and improve accessibility to activity centers, especially those that connect key tourism areas.

Directorate for Road Development

• Sub-directorate for Standard and Guidelines o Section for Preparation’ o Section for Technical Guidance

• Sub-directorate for Construction Management o Section for Management Construction I (Sumatera and Java) o Section for Management Construction II (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali, Nusa

Tenggara, Maluku, and Papua) • Sub-directorate for Geometric, Pavement, and Drainage

o Section for Geometric o Section for Road Pavement and Drainage

• Sub-directorate for Geotechnical and Slope Management o Section for Geotechnical o Section for Slope Management

• Sub-directorate for Monitoring and Evaluation o Section for Monitoring and Evaluation I (Sumatera and Java) o Section for Monitoring and Evaluation II (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali, Nusa

Tenggara, Maluku, and Papua)

Directorate General for Cipta Karya Role and Responsibilities: The formulation and implementation of policies in the field of developing residential areas, building arrangements, drinking water supply systems, water management systems, solid waste systems as well as drainage systems.


• Secretary of Directorate General • Directorate for Settlement Infrastructure Integration • Directorate for Settlement Area Development • Directorate for Building Arrangement • Directorate for Water Provision Development • Directorate for Health Development of Settlement Environment

Directorate for Settlement Infrastructure Integration

• Sub-directorate for Planning and Partnership Integration o Section for Planning Integration o Section for Partnership

• Sub-directorate for Financing Integration o Section for Financing Integration I (Sumatera and Java) o Section for Financing Integration II (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali, Nusa Tenggara,

Maluku, and Papua) • Sub-directorate for Implementation Integration

o Section for Implementation Integration I (Sumatera and Java)

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o Section for Implementation Integration II (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and Papua)

• Sub-directorate for Data Management and Information System o Section for Data Management o Section for Information System Development

• Sub-directorate for Monitoring and Evaluation o Section for Monitoring and Evaluation I (Sumatera and Java) o Section for Monitoring and Evaluation II (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali, Nusa

Tenggara, Maluku, and Papua)

The integration between the development of settlements and the provision of infrastructure is essential.

Regional Infrastructure Development Agency Roles and Responsibilities: Carry out the preparation of technical policies and integration strategies between regional development with public works infrastructure and public housing. One form of policy is the preparation of an integrated tourism master plan that serves as a general guideline to the development of tourism in a region.

This Agency consists of:

• Agency Secretary • Center of Public Works and Housing Infrastructure Planning • Center of Evaluation and Program of Public Works and Housing Integrated Infrastructure • Center of Strategic Area Development • Center of Urban Area Development

Center of Strategic Area Development

• Section for General and Financial o Subsection for program and evaluation o Subsection for general

• Section for Integrated Infrastructure of Strategic Area o Subsection for Strategic Area I (Sumatera and Java) o Subsection for Strategic area II (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali, Nusa Tenggara,

Maluku, and Papua) • Section for Infrastructure Development of Strategic Crossing

o Subsection for Infrastructure Development of Strategic Crossing I (Sumatera and Java)

o Subsection for Infrastructure Development of Strategic Crossing II (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and Papua)

• Section for Land Acquisition o Subsection Region I Sumatera and Java) o Subsection Region II (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and

Papua)

One of the developments of strategic areas is the development of tourism areas. Lombok is among the top 10 tourism areas to be developed and is the top 3 priority tourism areas in Indonesia. Through the Regional Infrastructural Development Agency, the development of priority tourism destinations can be integrated with other development plans.

C. Ministry of Land Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency

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Based on Minister of Land Affairs and Spatial Planning/Head of National Land Agency Regulations No 8 of 2015 about Ministry of Land Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency Organization and Working Procedure, The Ministry has 7 Directorate Generals include:

• Directorate General for Spatial Planning • Directorate General for Agrarian Infrastructure • Directorate General for Agrarian Law • Directorate General for Land Arrangement • Directorate General for Land Acquisition • Directorate General for Spatial Utilization Control • Directorate General for Completion of Agrarian Problems

Directorate General for Spatial Planning Role and Responsibilities: The formulation and implementation go policies in the field of spatial planning and spatial use, including planning, utilization, regional arrangement as well as guidance to local governments.


• Directorate for Spatial Planning • Directorate for Spatial Utilization • Directorate for Area Arrangement • Directorate for Spatial Planning Guidance and Local Arrangement

Directorate for Spatial Utilization

• Sub-directorate for Partnership and Planning o Section for General Planning and Monitoring Evaluation o Section for Data, Information and Partnership

• Sub-directorate for Guidelines of Spatial Utilization o Section for Guidelines of Spatial Utilization Integration o Section for Guidelines of Area Utilization

• Sub-directorate for Spatial Utilization of National and Islands o Section for Spatial Utilization of National and Islands o Section for Spatial Utilization of Island

• Sub-directorate for Spatial Utilization of National Strategic Area Region I (Sumatera, Java, and Bali)

o Section for Area I A (Sumatera) o Section for Area I B (Java and Bali)

• Sub-directorate for Spatial Utilization of National Strategic Area Region II (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and Papua)

o Section for Area II A (Kalimantan and Sulawesi) o Section for Area II B (Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and Papua)

The function of the Ministry of Land Affairs and Spatial Planning / National Land Agency, specifically the spatial utilisation directorate, is to regulate the planning and utilisation of the spatial plan located in Lombok, included in Area II B. The island of Lombok is planned as a strategic area in Indonesia mainly for tourism activities and as one of the 3 priority tourist destinations in Indonesia.

D. Ministry of National Development Planning/National Development Planning Agency (BAPPENAS)

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Based on Minister of National Development Planning/Head National Development Planning Agency (BAPPENAS) regulation no 4 of 2016 about Ministry of National Development Planning/National Development Planning Agency Organization and Working Procedure, BAPPENAS has 9 Deputies, include:

• Deputy for Economic Affairs • Deputy for Development • Deputy for Maritime and Natural Resources • Deputy for Population and Workforce • Deputy for Human Resources, Community, and Cultural • Deputy for Politics, Law, Defense, and Security • Deputy for Development Funding • Deputy for Monitoring, Evaluation, and Development Control

Deputy for Economic Affairs Roles and Responsibilities: Coordinating and formulating a macroeconomic framework, coordinating, formulating and implementing policies as well as monitoring, evaluating and regulating national development planning in the economic field. In addition to this, the Deputy for Economic Affairs also produces national development strategies, policy directions, and the development of regulatory, institutional and funding frameworks in the economic field.

This Deputy consists of:

• Directorate for Macro Planning and Statistic Analysis • Directorate for State Finance and Monetary Analysis • Directorate for Finance Services and State-Owned Enterprises (SOE) • Directorate for Trade, Investment, and International Economic Partnership • Directorate for Industry, Tourism and Creative Economy

Directorate for Industry, Tourism, and Creative Economy

• Sub-directorate for Industry • Sub-directorate for Tourism • Sub-directorate for Creative Economy

The main task of the sub-directorate for tourism is to prepare assessment materials, coordinate and formulate policies in the fields of national development planning, national development strategies, policy directors, and the development of regulatory, institutional, and funding frameworks in the tourism sector.

E. Ministry of Education and Cultural

Based on the Minister of Education and Cultural Regulation no 11 of 2015 about the Ministry of Education and Cultural Organization and Working Procedure, Ministry has 4 Directorate Generals, include:

• Directorate General for Teacher and Educator • Directorate General for Early Childhood and Community Education • Directorate General for Basic and Middle Education • Directorate General for Cultural Affairs

Directorate General for Cultural Affairs Roles and Responsibilities: The formulation and implementation of policies in the fields of culture, film, arts, traditions, history, cultural heritage, museology. In addition to this, the Directorate General for Cultural Affairs is tasked with fostering religious trust institutions, the management of

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cultural heritage, national museums, national film development and licensing, promotion, diplomacy, cultural exchanges between regions and countries as well as fostering and training personnel.


• Directorate for Heritage and Museum Preservation • Directorate for Art • Directorate for Tradition and Trust in God • Directorate for Chronicle • Directorate for Inheritance and Cultural Diplomacy

Directorate for Heritage and Museum Preservation

• Sub-directorate for Program, Evaluation, and Documentation o Section for Program and Evaluation o Section for Documentation

• Sub-directorate for National Registration o Section for Registration o Section for Determination

• Sub-directorate for Heritage Preservation o Section for Protection o Section for Development and Utilization

• Sub-directorate for Museum Affairs o Section for Museum Standardization o Section for Museum Development

• Sub-directorate for Development of Museum and Heritage Reservation Workforce o Section for Standardization o Section for Development

Lombok has many heritage sites spread throughout the region. This is also supported by the existence of Rinjani Geopark initiated by UNESCO by considering the activities of tourism, heritage, cultural, and education inside it. Therefore, the existence and development of heritage sites on Lombok Island are very important. The Directorate for Heritage and the Preservation Museum are the main actors who foster and develop heritage sites on the island of Lombok.

F. Coordinating Ministry of Economic Affairs

Based on Coordinating Minister of Economic Affairs Regulation no 8 of 2015 about Coordinating Ministry of Economic Affairs Organization and Working Procedure, Ministry has 7 Deputies, include:

• Deputy for Coordination of Finance and Macro Economy • Deputy for Coordination of Agricultural and Food • Deputy for Coordination of Energy Management, Natural Resources, and Environmental • Deputy for Coordination of Creative Economy, Entrepreneurship, and Competitiveness of

Corporative, Small and Medium Enterprises • Deputy for Coordination of Trade and Industry • Deputy for Coordination of Infrastructure Accleration and Regional Development • Deputy for Coordination of International Economic Partenership

Coordinating Ministry of Economic Affairs must coordinate various ministriesm, include:

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• Ministry of Finance • Ministry of Manpower • Ministry of Industry • Ministry of Trade • Ministry of Public Works and Housing • Ministry of Agricultural • Ministry of Forestry and Environmental • Ministry of Land Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency • Ministry of State Owned Enterprises • Ministry of Coorpration and Small and Medim Enterprises

Deputy for Coordination of of Infrastructure Accleration and Regional Development Role and Responsibilites: organize coordination and synchronization of formulation, stipulation, and implementation as well as control the implementation of policies of Ministries / Institutions related to issues in the field of acceleration of infrastructure and regional development. More specifically, this deputy is also tasked with coordinating and synchronizing policy formulation in the field of providing water resources infrastructure and multimodal transportation infrastructure and systems, providing housing and settlements, spatial planning, and developing economic strategic areas, providing housing and settlements, spatial planning, and development, economic strategic area, land acquisition and infrastructure financing.

The Deputy consists of:

Deputy Assistant for Water Resources Infrastructure • Deputy Assistant for Telemathics and Utility • Deputy Assistant for Multimode Transportation System • Deputy Assistant for Spatial Arrangement and Economic Strategic Area • Deputy Assistant for Housing, Land, and Infrastructur Financing

Deputy Assistant for Spatial Arrangement and Economy Strategic Area

• Section for Spatial Arrangement o Subsection for Analysis of Spatial Arrangement Policies o Subsection for Evaluatin of Spatial Arrangement Policies

• Section for Economy Strategic Area Development o Subsection for Policies Analysis of Economic Strategic Area Development o Subsection for Policies Evaluation of Economic Strategic Area Development

MPWH as the main executor of the master plan preparation activities on Lombok Island also requires coordination with the Coordinating Ministry of Economic Affairs especially in the Assistant Deputy of Spatial Arrangement and Economic Strategic Area. This is related to Lombok Island as one of the three main destinations in Indonesia and has long been directed as one of the economic strategic areas. An example is the development of the Mandalika SEZ on the Southern Coast Lombok Island. Then coordination and collaboration with various ministries in Indonesia are needed to produce the perfect master plan product.

G. Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM)

Based on Head of Investment Coordinatong Board Regulation no 90 of 2007 about Investment Coordinating Board Organization and Working Procedure, this Agency has 6 Deputies, include:

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• Deputy for Investment Planning • Deputy for Investment Development • Deputy for Investment Promotion • Deputy for Investment Partnership • Deputy for Investment Services • Deputy for Investment Control

Deputy for Investment Planning Role and Responsibilities: assessment and formulation of national investment planning, coordination of formulation and implementation of policies in the field of investment planning, assessment and policy development in the field of investment planning, establishment of norms, standards and procedures for implementing investment planning, investment map making in Indonesia, implementation of tasks in accordance with the policy set.


• Directorate for Investment Planning of Agribusiness and Other Resources • Directorate for Investment Planning of Manufacture Industries • Directorate for Investment Planning of Facilities, Infrastructure, Services and Area.

Directorate for Investment Planning of Facility, Infrastructure, Service and Area

• Subdirectirate for Facilities, Service and Trade o Section for Transportation o Section for Tourism, Trade, and Other Services

• Subdirectirate for Infrastructure o Section for Transportation Infrastructure o Section for Public Infrastructure

• Subdirectirate for Area o Section for Coastal, Small Island, and Border Area o Section for disadvantaged area.

Investment development in Lombok Island, especially in tourism activities, must coordinate with BKPM, especially to the director for investment planning of Facility, Infrastructure, Service, and Area, because this directorate deals with investment planning in the fields of tourism, infrastructure and investment in coastal areas.

Lombok Island is a strategic area of tourism that favored coastal tourism, which means the coordination of investment on the island of Lombok must involve BPKM with various other stakeholders. This is important so that the investment, development and structuring of Tourism on Lombok Island can be realized immediately.

H. Ministry of Environmental and Forestry

Based on Ministry of Environmental and Forestry Regulation No. P.18/MenLHK-II/2015 about Ministry of Environmental and Forestry Organization and Working Procedure, this Ministry has nine (9) Directorate Generals and two (2) Agencies, include:

• Directorate General for Forestry Planology and Environmental Planning • Directorate General for Natural Resources and Ecosystem Conservation • Directorate General for River Catchment Area Management and Protection Forest • Directorate General for Sustainable Productive Forest Management • Directorate General for Environmental Degradation and Contamination Management

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• Directorate General for Solid Waste, Waste water and Hazardous Waste Management • Directorate General for Climate Change Management • Directorate General for Social Forestry and Environmental Partnership • Directorate General for Environmental and Forestry Law Enforcement • Agency for Socialization and Human Resources Development • Agency for Research, Development and Innovation

2.1.1.2. Provincial Level

Based on NTB Governor Regulation No. 50 and 51 of 2016 about Position, Organization, Job, Function and Working procedure, every government agencies in Nusa Tenggara Barat Province had arranged organization structure.

A. Development Planning, Research, and Regional Development Agency (BAPPEDA) of NTB Province

Development Planning Agency includes:

• Division for Infrastructure Development and Regional Planning o Section for Regional Planning o Section for Public Works, Settlement, and Transportation o Section for Maritime and Natural Resources

• Division of Economic Development and Planning o Section for Investment and Financial o Section for Food and Agricultural o Section for Trade and Tourism

• Division of Cultural and Social Development Planning o Section for Social and Cultural Development o Section for Workforce and Population o Section for Government and Politics

• Division for Research and Development o Section for Economic and Regional Research and Development o Section for Social and Cultural Research and Development o Section for Geospatial Information Research and Development

• Division for Monitoring, Evaluation, and Arrangement of Development Planning o Section for Monitoring, Evaluation, and Reporting o Section for Planning Arrangement o Section for Data and Information System of Planning

BAPPEDA functions to carry out part of the general tasks of government and development in the field of coordination of planning and preparation of Long-Term Government Work Plans, Establishment of Provisional Budget Ceiling (PPAS), and preparation of the General Budget Policy (KUA). The tasks of the NTB Province BAPPEDA are as follows:

• Preparation of provincial long-term development plans (RPJP) and regional medium-term development plans (RPJMD)

• Preparation of provincial government work plans (RKPD) for annual programming as implementation of program plans financed by the regions themselves or those proposed to the government to be included in the annual national program

• Coordinating development planning at regional technical institutions, regional offices, and other organizational units within the provincial government

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• Preparation of the provincial government budget plan together with the financial bureau, in coordination with the provincial secretariat, in addition to coordinating the preparation of the provincial APBN with the Ministry of Finance / DJA and Sector Agencies

• Implementing coordination and / or conducting research for the benefit of development planning in the region

B. Tourism Agency of NTB Province

Tourism agency organization includes: • Division for Tourism Marketing

o Section for Market analysis o Section for Tourism Marketing o Section for Tourism partnership

• Division for Tourism Destination Development o Section for Tourism Product o Section for Tourism Industry o Section for Tourism Infrastructure Development

• Division for Tourism Institutional o Section for Tourism Skill Training and Education o Section for Tourism Community Development

• Division for Tourism Attraction o Section for Tourism Attraction o Section for Creative Industry Development o Section for Culture Attraction

Besides agency organization, Tourism Agency is also managed and control technical tourism activities through Local Technical Unit (UPTD), includes:

• NTB Province Museum o Head of Museum o Division of Administration o Division of Conservation and Preparation o Division of Collection and Education

• NTB Cultural Park o Head of Cultural Park o Division of Administration o Division of Service o Division of Development and Quality Improvement

Tourism Agency has a function to compile technical policies in the field of tourism including natural tourism, cultural tourism, and product of tourism. Tourism Agency also carries out marketing and development of tourist destinations including providing licensing and providing infrastructure and facilities in each tourist destination.

Tourism Agency also provides guidance and enhances the attractiveness of tourist destinations. Another task is to develop the UPTD so that tourism activities can develop further.

C. Public Works and Spatial Arrangement Agency of NTB Province

Public Works and Spatial Arrangement Agency includes:

• Division for Construction Management o Section for Adjustment

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o Section for Construction Service Management o Section for Construction Service Control

• Division for Bina Marga (Transportation) o Section for Road Technical Planning o Section for Road Development o Section for Road Technical Management

• Division for Water Resources o Section for Water Resources o Section for Water Resources Utilization o Section for Water Resources Conservation

• Division for Cipta Karya (Housing and Building) o Section for Technical Planning o Section for Arrangement of Settlement and Building o Section for Water and Environmental Health

• Division for Regional Infrastructure Development o Section for Inter-regional Integration Development o Section for Inter-sector Integration Development o Section for Infrastructure Integration Development

• Division for Spatial Planning o Section for Spatial Planning o Section for Spatial Utilization Control o Section for Spatial Arrangement

Public Works and Spatial Arrangement Agency carry out the task of making policies in carrying out public works affairs such as water resources management, DGH, and Cipta Karya which consists of urban and rural areas, drinking water, waste water, solid waste, drainage, settlements, buildings and the environment and construction services.

In addition, Public Works and Spatial Arrangement Agency also carry out tasks related to spatial planning which consists of regulatory activities, guidance, development and supervision.

D. Housing and Settlement Agency of NTB Province

Settlement and Housing Agency includes: • Division of Housing

o Section for Housing Technical Planning o Section for Formal Housing o Section for Self-help (Swadaya) Housing

• Division of Settlement o Section for Settlement Planning o Section for Slum Area Arrangement o Section for Facility, Infrastructure and Utility

• Division of Settlement and Housing Management o Section for Control and Management o Section for Research and Development o Section for Partnership for Development of Housing and Settlement

Settlement and Housing Agency is tasked with preparing technical policies in the areas of settlement and housing while preparing regional spatial plans, settlement and housing plans, and

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also providing construction services. Another task is to foster and implement all matters related to settlement and housing.

E. Investment and One Stop Service Agency of NTB Province

Public Works and Spatial Arrangement Agency includes:

• Division for Potential and Promotion o Section for Potential o Section for Exhibition and Promotion o Section for Facilities Promotion

• Division for Permits o Section for Application Service o Section for Permits Service o Section for Permit Facilitation

• Division for Partnership and Development o Section for Business and Investment Empowerment o Section for Intern-Business Partnership Facilitation o Section for Inter-Government Partnership

• Division for Control o Section for Data o Section for Control and Management o Section for Evaluation and Reporting

Investment and One Stop Service Agency functions is to create an investment climate that continues to encourage investors to be willing to increase the amount and type of their investments through productive and sustainable use of resources, to realize an increase in the number and types of investments. Increasing investment competitiveness and excellent service are policies pursued in order to achieve these goals. The policy is supported through 4 (four) priority programs, namely:

• Apparatus Resource Capacity Program • Promotion and Investment Cooperation Enhancement Program • Program for Increasing Investment Climate and Investment Realization • Resource Potential Preparation Program; Regional Facilities and Infrastructure

F. Education and Cultural Agency of NTB Province

Education and Cultural Agency includes: • Division for Senior High School

o Section for Senior High School Curriculum o Section for Senior High School Students o Section for Senior High School Facilities and Institutional

• Division for Vocational High School o Section for Vocational High School Curriculum o Section for Vocational High School Students o Section for Vocational High School Facilities and Institutional

• Division for PK-PLK o Section for PK-PLK Curriculum o Section for PK-PLK Students o Section for PK-PLK Facilities and Institutional

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• Division for Manpower Management o Section for SMA and PK o Section for GTK SMK o Section for Cultural Manpower

• Division for Cultural Management o Section for Heritages and Museum o Section for Story and Tradition o Section for Art

Education and Cultural Agency is dealing with Government Affairs in the Field of Education and Culture, which are under the authority of the Provincial Region and Assistance Tasks that assigned to the Provincial Region. The program includes empowerment and management of educational activities in NTB and also implementing Cultural Management including developing policies for cultural preservation in NTB.

G. Transportation Agency of NTB Province

Transportation Agency includes:

• Division for Land Transportation o Section for Transportation Facilities o Section for Safety o Section for Land

• Division for Terminal Management o Section for Planning o Section for Terminal Operational o Section for Terminal Monitoring

• Division for Sea Transportation o Section for Sea Mode o Section for Seaport o Section for Management and Safety of Sea and Air Transportation

Transportation Agency has the task of formulating technical policies in the field of transportation, program planning and transportation activities, implementing government affairs and public services in the transportation sector, coordinating and fostering the tasks of the transportation sector, controlling and evaluating the implementation of transportation tasks, and carrying out Governor.

H. Environmental and Forestry Agency of NTB Province

Environmental Agency includes:

• Division for Analysis and Environmental Control o Section for Environmental Impact Assessment EIA (AMDAL) o Section for Contamination Control o Section for Environmental Damage

• Division for Environmental Planning and Management o Section for Environmental Planning o Section for Environmental Enhancement Capacity o Section for Solid and Hazardous Waste Management

• Division for Forestry Management o Section for Forestry Planning

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o Section for Forestry Business o Section for Retribution and Marketing Management

• Division for Forestry Protection, Water Resource and Ecosystem Conservation o Section for Forestry Prevention and Protection o Section for Law Enforcement o Section for Water Resources and Ecosystem Conservation

• Division for Rehabilitation and Community Empowerment o Section for Forestry and Land Rehabilitation o Section for water catchment area management o Section for Empowerment and Socialization

• Regional Technical Unit/Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah (UPTD): o UPTD Balai Tahura Nuraksa o UPTD Balai KPH Rinjani Barat Pelangan o UPTD Balai KPH Rinjani Timur o UPTD Balai KPH Ampang Riwo Suromandi o UPTD Balai KPH Ampang Plampang o UPTD Balai Maria Donggomasa o UPTD Balai KPH Sejorong Matiyang o UPTD Balai KPH Orong Telu Srang Seh o UPTD Balai KPH Pucak Ngengas Batulanteh o UPTD Balai Laboratorium Lingkungan o UPTD Balai KPH Ropang o UPTD Balai KPH Tambora o UPTD Balai KPH Toppo Raji Madapangga Dompu

2.1.1.3. Kota/Kabupaten Level

Kota Mataram

A. Regional Development Planning Agency of Kota Mataram

Based on Mayor of Kota Mataram Regulation No 58 of 2016 about Position, Organization, Job and Function and Working Procedure of Regional Development Planning Agency (BAPPEDA) of Kota Mataram, the organization includes:

• Division for Economic, Social, and Cultural Planning o Section for Community Education and empowerment o Section for Community Health and Welfare o Section for Economic Development and Creative Economy

• Division for Natural Resources, Facilitation, Infrastructure, and Regional Development Planning

o Section for Facility and Infrastructure o Section for Regional Development o Section for Natural Resources and Environmental

• Division for Planning, Evaluation, and Reporting o Section for Development Planning o Section for Evaluation and Reporting o Section for Data and Planning Information

The task of BAPPEDA Kota Mataram includes:

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• Formulation of Technical Policies in the area of regional development planning • Coordinating the preparation of the Annual Work Plan, Budget Work Plan / Budget

Implementation Document (RKA / DPA) and Determination of Agency Performance • Organizing arrangements, guidance, supervision and control as well as guidance in the

area of regional development planning • Implementation of coordination, information and synchronization of the agency duties with

regional apparatus and related agencies. • Implementing cooperation with other parties, both Government Agencies, Non-

Governmental Organizations and / or private institutions • Granting consideration and stipulating licenses and technical recommendations in the field

of regional development planning

B. Tourism Agency of Kota Mataram

Based on Mayor of Kota Mataram Regulation No 47 of 2016 about Position, Organization, Job and Function and Working Procedure of Tourism Agency of Kota Mataram, the organization includes:

• Division for Destination and Marketing o Section for Tourism Destination o Section for Tourism Destination Management o Section for Tourism Marketing

• Division for Tourism Development o Section for Human Resources Development o Section for Creative Economy Development o Section for Infrastructure Provision

Kota Mataram Tourism Agency is in charge of formulating policies in the field of tourism, implementing policies and implementing evaluations and reporting in the tourism sector.

C. Public Works and Spatial Planning Agency of Kota Mataram

Based on Mayor of Kota Mataram Regulation No 50 of 2016 about Position, Organization, Job and Function and Working Procedure of Public Works and Spatial Planning Agency of Kota Mataram, the organization includes:

• Division for Water Resources o Section for Water Resources Development and Management o Section for Water Resources Operation and Maintenance o Section for River and Coastal

• Division for Cipta Karya (Building) o Section for Building management o Section for Water and Environmental Health o Section for Construction Service

• Division for Bina Marga (Road) o Section for Bridge and Road Development o Section for Road and Bridge Rehabilitation and Maintenance o Section for road Arrangement, Utilization, Facility and Infrastructure

• Division for Spatial Planning o Section for spatial planning o Section for spatial utilization o Section for spatial arrangement

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Public Works and Spatial Planning Agency ffunctions is to prepare the formulation of technical policies, facilitation, coordination, monitoring, management and evaluation of water resources management, copyright, community development, and spatial planning in Kota Mataram.

D. Transportation Agency of Kota Mataram

Based on Mayor of Kota Mataram Regulation No 52 of 2016 about Position, Organization, Job and Function and Working Procedure of transportation agency of Kota Mataram, the organization includes:

• Division for Transport o Section for People Transport o Section for Goods Transport o Section for Facility and Infrastructure

• Division for Traffic Arrangement and Safety o Section for Traffic Safety o Section for Traffic and Transport Concealing o Section for Traffic and Transport Arrangement

• Division for Traffic Engineering and Management o Section for Traffic management o Section for Traffic Engineering o Section for Traffic System Development

The Department of Transportation organizes arrangements, guidance, supervision and control as well as guidance in the field of transportation, and also co-ordinates, informs and synchronizes with regional authorities and related agencies.

In addition, the transportation agency also cooperates with other parties, both Government Agencies, Non-Governmental and Private Self-Organization Organizations, and transportation agencies, which are tasked with giving consideration and/or licensing and technical recommendations in the field of transportation in accordance with statutory provisions.

E. Investment and One Stop Service Agency of Kota Mataram

Based on Mayor of Kota Mataram Regulation No 10 of 2018 about Position, Organization, Job and Function and Working Procedure of Investment and One Stop Service Agency of Kota Mataram, the organization includes:

• Division for Investment Planning, Promotion, and Development o Section for Investment Promotion o Section for Investment Planning and Business Management o Section for Investment Deregulation

• Division for Investment Arrangement and Information o Section for Investment Monitoring and Supervision o Section for Investment Management o Section for Data Analysis and Information System

• Division for Permits and Non-Permit Service Number A o Section for Permit and Non-permit Service A/I o Section for Permit and Non-permit Service A/II o Section for Permit and Non-permit Service A/III

• Division for Permits and Non-Permit Service Number B o Section for Permit and Non-permit Service B/I o Section for Permit and Non-permit Service B/II

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o Section for Permit and Non-permit Service B/III • Division for Service Reporting, Policies, Complaint.

o Section for Service Complaint and Information o Section for Policies and Service Concealing o Section for Reporting and Service Improvement

Investment and One Stop Service Agency of Kota Mataram have the duty to formulate policies related to investment and coordinate with various other stakeholders, including the preparation of a one-year work plan. Other functions are regulation, financing, supervision, management and control related to investment activities in Kota Mataram.

F. Settlement and Housing Agency of Kota Mataram

Based on Mayor of Kota Mataram Regulation No 51 of 2011 about Position, Organization, Job and Function and Working Procedure of Settlement and Housing Agency of Kota Mataram, the organization includes:

• Division for Housing o Section for Housing Development o Section for Development. Rehabilitation and Facilitation, Infrastructure, and Utility

of Housing o Section for Housing Control and Permits

• Division for Settlement o Section for Settlement Development o Section for Settlement Control o Section for Land management of Settlement

• Division for Green Open Space Arrangement and Management o Section for Park Maintenance and Development o Section for City Decoration o Section for graveyard

The duties of the Settlement and Housing Agency include the formulation and determination of the vision, mission and strategic plans as well as official work programs, formulation of Technical Policies, coordination with various stakeholders, organization of arrangements, guidance, supervision and control as well as guidance in the Housing and Settlement areas.

Kabupaten Lombok Barat

A. Regional Development Planning Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Barat

Based on Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Barat Regulation No 38 of 2011 about job, function, and working procedure of Development Planning Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Barat, the organization includes:

• Division for Economic o Section for Industry and Agricultural o Section for Business Trade

• Division for Social and Cultural o Section for Community Welfare o Section for Education and Cultural

• Division for Physical and Infrastructure o Section for Settlement and Region Infrastructure o Section for Natural Resources and Environmental, and Spatial Planning

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• Division for Statistics and Reporting o Section for Data Compilation and Reporting o Section for Analysis and Demonstration

• Division for Research Development o Section for Economic, Social, and Cultural Research o Section for Natural Resources and Region Infrastructure Research

BAPPEDA has a function that is:

• Formulation of technical policies for regional development planning • Coordinating regional development planning compilation • Development of regional development planning in the fields of economy, social culture,

physical and infrastructure • Implementation of research and development activities as well as preparation of statistics

and development reporting • Control and evaluate the implementation of regional development planning for each

regional organization • Implementation of the administration of the Agency

B. Tourism Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Barat

Based on Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Barat Regulation No 27 of 2011 about job, function, and working procedure of Tourism Agency of Kabupaten Lombok B arat, the organization includes:

• Division for Destination and Tourism Business Development o Section for Tourism Facilities Management o Section for Tourism Object and Attraction Management o Section for Tourism Service Management

• Division for Tourism Human Resources Development and Empowerment o Section for Tourism Counseling o Section for Tourism Human Resources Development o Section for Partnership

• Division for Tourism Marketing and Promotion o Section for Tourism Promotion o Section for Information Services and Promotion Facilities o Section for Tourism Market Analysis

Tourism Agency serves to develop tourism strategic plans and technical policies in tourism. In addition, it serves to carry out the development of tourism destinations and businesses including the development of human resources and the creative economy of tourism, tourism marketing and the field of cultural arts.

It is also serving to carry out training activities, control, evaluation and reporting on the implementation of tourism activities.

C. Public Works and Spatial Planning Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Barat

Based on Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Barat Regulation No 60 of 2016 about job, function, and working procedure of Public Works and Spatial Planning Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Barat, the organization includes:

• Division for Water Resources o Section for Technical Planning and Control

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o Section for Development and Improvement o Section for Operation and Maintenance

• Division for Bina Marga (road) o Section for Technical Planning and Control o Section for Development and Improvement o Section for Operation and Maintenance

• Division for Cipta Karya (building) o Section for Technical Planning and Control o Section for Building and Environment Arrangement o Section for Water and Sanitation

• Division for Spatial Planning o Section for Technical Planning and Control o Section for Spatial Control o Section for Spatial Utilization

The Public Works and Spatial Planning Agency function is to prepare the formulation of technical policies, facilitation, coordination, monitoring, management and evaluation of water resources management, work creation, community development, and spatial planning in Kabupaten Lombok Barat.

D. Transportation, Communication, and Informatics agency of Kabupaten Lombok Barat

Based on Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Barat Regulation No 25 of 2016 about job, function, and working procedure of Transportation, Communication, and Informatics Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Barat, the organization includes:

• Division for Land Transportation o Section for Traffic Management, Control, and Operational o Section for Land Transport o Section for Safety, Technic, Facilities, and Infrastructure

• Division for Sea Transportation o Section for Sea Transportation o Section for Seaport o Section for Shipping Safety

• Division for Post, Telecommunication, and Informatics o Section for Post and Telecommunication o Section for Informatics Empowerment o Section for Informatics Control

• Division for Information and Communication o Section for Communication, Partnership, and Public Services o Section for Documentation Data Analysis and Information Provision o Section for Network Development and Kominfo (Communication and Information)

The Agency of Transportation, Communication and Informatics has the task of carrying out regional government affairs in the fields of transportation, communication and informatics to create integration between transportation activities and information networks.

E. Investment and One Stop Service Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Barat

Based on Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Barat Regulation No 44 of 2011 about job, function, and working procedure of Investment and One Stop Service Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Barat, the organization includes:

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• Division for Investment o Section for Planning and Promotion o Section for Partnership

• Division for Permits Services o Section for Business Permits o Section for Non-Business Permits

• Division for Information, Reporting, and Complaint o Section for Information and Complaint o Section for Evaluation and Reporting

Investment and One Stop Service Agency carry out the function of formulating policies and promoting regional investments accompanied by fostering regional investment. In addition, it is also tasked with extracting information about potential investment opportunities and providing incentives and facilities for the development of investment.

F. Settlement and Housing Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Barat

Based on Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Barat Regulation No 61 of 2016 about job, function, and working procedure of Transportation, Communication, and Informatics Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Barat, the organization includes:

• Division for Housing o Section for Technical Planning and Control o Section for Swadaya (Self-help) Housing o Section for Formal Housing

• Division for Settlement o Section for Technical Planning and Control o Section for Area Arrangement o Section for Environment Arrangement

• Division for Urban Design and Park o Section for Urban Design and Infrastructure o Section for Park and Advertisement o Section for Street Light (PJU)

Settlement and Housing Agency function is to develop strategic plans and technical policies in the Fields of Housing, Settlements, City Planning and Parks in Kabupaten Lombok Barat

Kabupaten Lombok Tengah

A. Development Planning, Research, and Regional Development Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah

Based on Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah Regulation No 105 of 2018 about job, function, and working procedure of Development Planning, Research, and Regional Development Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, the organization includes:

• Division for Planning o Section for Cooperation, Industry, and Trade Planning o Section for Tourism Planning o Section for Agriculture Planning

• Division for Social, Government and Human Resources Planning o Section for Health Planning and Social Welfare

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o Section for Education and Human Resources Development o Section for Government Capacity Planning

• Division for Infrastructure, Spatial Planning, and Regional Development o Section for Infrastructure Planning o Section for Settlement and Housing Planning o Section for Regional development and Spatial Planning

• Division for Research, Reporting evaluation and development o Section for Data Analysis and Development o Section for Evaluation and Reporting o Section for System Development of Planning and Budgeting

BAPPEDA has functions including the formulation of technical policies and coordination of regional development planning, development of regional development planning and implementation of research activities and development and preparation of statistics and reporting on development.

B. Tourism and Culture Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah

Based on Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah Regulation No 104 of 2018 about job, function, and working procedure of Tourism and Culture Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, the organization includes:

• Division for Cultural o Section for Cultural Development o Section for Cultural Diversity Development o Section for Culture Tradition Development

• Division for Destination Development o Section for Object and Natural Tourism Attraction o Section for Object and Man-made Tourism Attraction o Section for Tourism Business

• Division for Promotion and Marketing o Section for Promotions o Section for Marketing o Section for Partnership

• Division for Human Resources Development o Section for Tourism Human Resources Development o Section for Human Resources Training and Counseling o Section for Partnership

Tourism Agency serves to formulate strategic plans for technical policies in tourism, namely natural, artificial and cultural tourism. Besides, it also serves to carry out the development of tourism destinations and businesses including the development of human resources and the creative economy of tourism.

C. Public Works and Spatial Planning Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah

Based on Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah Regulation No 127 of 2018 about job, function, and working procedure of Public Works and Spatial Planning Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, the organization includes:

• Division for Cipta Karya (building) o Section for Technical Planning of Cipta Karya o Section for Water and Health

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o Section for Building • Division for Bina Marga (Road)

o Section for Technical Planning of Bina Marga o Section for Road and Bridge Development o Section for Road and Bridge Maintenance

• Division for Water Resources o Section for Technical Planning of Water Resources o Section for Infrastructure Improving and Development o Section for Water Resources Utilization and Maintenance

• Division for Spatial Arrangement o Section for Technical Spatial Planning o Section for Spatial Arrangement o Section for Spatial Control

Public Works and Spatial Planning Agency function is to prepare the formulation of technical policies, facilitation, coordination, monitoring, management and evaluation of regulation of water resources, copyrighted works, community development, and spatial planning in Kabupaten Lombok Tengah.

D. Transportation Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah

Based on Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah Regulation No 129 of 2018 about job, function, and working procedure of Transportation Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, the organization includes:

• Division for Traffic o Section for Traffic Management and Engineering o Section for Traffic Facilities and Infrastructure o Section for Safety Control, Supervision, and Counseling

• Division for Technic and Public Transport o Section for Land Transportation control o Section for Vehicle appropriateness o Section for Seaport and Shipping Safety

Transportation Agency performs functions for management and control in traffic activities and transportation of both land transportation and sea transportation.

E. Investment and One Stop Service Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah

Based on Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah Regulation No 80 of 2016 about job, function, and working procedure of Investment and One Stop Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, the organization includes:

• Division for Investment Development and Promotion o Section for Investment Development o Section for Investment Promotion o Section for Investment Information

• Division for One Stop Service o Section for Permits Service o Section for Data o Section for Non-Permit Service

• Division for Investment Control and Complaint

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o Section for Control o Section for Complaint o Section for Investment Evaluation and Report

Investment and One Stop Service Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah carry out licensing and investment services easily by increasing the competence of the service apparatus. In addition, it also implements licensing and investment services in accordance with the authority and implements supervision and settlement of licensing complaints.

F. Settlement and Housing Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Barat

Based on Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah Regulation No 106 of 2018 about job, function, and working procedure of Settlement and Housing Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, the organization includes:

• Division for Housing o Section for Housing Planning o Section for Formal Housing o Section for Swadaya (self-help) Housing

• Division for Settlement Area Development o Section for Technical Planning of Settlement Area o Section for Facilities Infrastructure, and Utilities o Section for Settlement Area Arrangement

• Division for Land o Section for Land Technical Planning o Section for Land Use o Section for New Area Development

The duties of the Settlement and Housing Agency include the formulation of Technical Policies in the fields of housing, settlements, and land. This includes planning for developing new areas.

G. Environmental Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah

Environmental Agency includes

• Division for Environmental Planning and Capacity Development o Section for Environmental Planning o Section for Environmental Planning o Section for Capacity Development

• Division for Solid and Hazardous Waste o Section for Facilities and Utilities o Section for Solid Waste Management o Section for waste water, hazardous waste and sanitation management

• Division for Contamination Management, Environmental Degradation, and water resources conservation

o Section for Environmental Contamination Management o Section for Environmental Degradation Management o Section for Water Resources Management

Kabupaten Lombok Timur

A. Regional Development Planning Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Timur

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Based on Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Timur Regulation No 57 of 2016 about job, function, and working procedure of Development Planning of Kabupaten Lombok Timur, the organization includes:

• Division for Economics o Section for Agriculture Development o Section for Tourism and Creative Economy o Section for Cooperation and Business Development

• Division for Physic and Infrastructure o Section for Infrastructure Development o Section for Environmental and Natural Resources o Section for Settlement and Region Development

• Division for Social and Culture o Section for Community Health and Welfare o Section for Education, Cultural, Youth, and Sports o Section for Government and Community

• Division for Research and Development o Section for Research and Development o Section for Data and Planning Program o Section for Control, Evaluation and Report

The task of BAPPEDA includes the formulation of Technical Policy and coordination in the area of regional development planning, social and cultural, physics and infrastructure and research and development. Other tasks are regulating, guiding, monitoring and controlling activities and guidance in the area of regional development planning.

B. Tourism Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Timur

Supported documents are not available. This section will be added if the documents available.

C. Public Works and Spatial Planning Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Timur


D. Transportation, Communication, and Informatics agency of Kabupaten Lombok Timur


E. Investment and One Stop Service Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Timur


F. Settelement and Housing Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Timur


Kabupaten Lombok Utara

Based on Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Utara Regulation No. 12 of 2016 about Position and Organization of Government in Lombok Utara Regency, it explains and become a legal basis for every government agency in Lombok Utara.

A. Regional Development Planning Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Utara

Besides Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Utara No 12 of 2016, there is a legal which is more focused on function and working procedure on Regional Development Planning Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Utara. The regulation is Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Utara Regulation No 24 of 2017

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about function and working procedure of Development Planning Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Utara, the organization includes:

• Division for Economy o Section for Agricultural, Fisheries, Finance, and Business Development o Section for Cooperative, Industry, and Trade

• Division for Social and Culture o Section for Government and Community o Section for Health and Community Welfare o Section for Education, Youth, Sports, Cultural, Library, and Filling.

• Division for Infrastructure o Section for Regional Infrastructure, Spatial Planning, Housing, and Environmental o Section for Transportation, Tourism, Communication, and Informatics

• Division for Research o Section for Research and Development o Section for Monitoring, Evaluation, and Development Report.

BAPPEDA Kabupaten Lombok Utara serves to formulate Technical Policy and coordination in the area of regional development planning. Other tasks are regulating, guiding, monitoring and controlling activities and guidance in the area of regional development planning.

B. Cultural and Tourism Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Utara

Besides Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Utara No 12 of 2016, there is a legal which is more focused on function and working procedure on Regional Development Planning Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Utara. The regulation is Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Utara Regulation No 23 of 2017 about function and working procedure of Cultural and Tourism Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Utara, the organization includes:

• Division for Cultural and Art o Section for Cultural o Section for Art

• Division for Destination Development and Tourism Business o Section for Tourism Object and Attraction o Section for Tourism Service Business and Facilities

• Division for Tourism Marketing o Section for Tourism Marketing and Market Analysis o Section for Information Service and Promotion

• Division for Tourism Human Resources Counseling and Development o Section for Tourism Counseling o Section for Tourism Human Resources Development

Cultural and Tourism Agency organizes policy formulation functions, implementation, evaluation and administration in the field of Culture and Tourism, implementation of policies in the field of Culture and Tourism.

C. Public Works and Spatial Planning Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Utara

Based on Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Utara Regulation No. 12 of 2016, about Position and Organization of Government in Lombok Utara Regency, Public Works and Spatial Planning agency organization includes:

• Division for Cipta Karya

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o Section for Environment Arrangement and Construction Service o Section for Spatial Arrangement and Building o Section for Water and Environment Health

• Division for Bina Marga o Section for Technical Plan and Control o Section for Road and Bridge Development o Section for Road and Bridge Maintenance

• Division for Water Resources o Section for Rater Resources Planning o Section for Irrigation Development o Section for Irrigation Maintenance and Operational

• Division for Land o Section for Land Planning and Utilization Inventory o Section for Land Dispute and Compensation.

Public Works and Spatial Planning Agency carry out the tasks of policy formulation, implementation, evaluation, and administration in the Public Works and Spatial Planning, Housing and Settlement and Land Areas.

D. Transportation, maritime, and Fisheries agency of Kabupaten Lombok Utara

Based on Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Utara Regulation No. 12 of 2016 about Position and Organization of Government in Lombok Utara Regency, Transportation, Maritime and Fisheries Agency organization includes:

• Division for Land Transportation o Section for Traffic and Transport o Section for Facilities and Infrastructure Technical o Section for Parking

• Division for Sea Transportation o Section for Sailing Safety o Section for Seaport o Section for Sea Transport

• Division for Sea Fisheries (Capture Fisheries) o Section for Facilities and Infrastructure Development and Small-Scale Sea

Fisheries Production o Section for Business and Human Resources Development

• Division for Land Fisheries (Aquaculture) o Section for Facilities and Infrastructure Development and Small-Scale Sea

Fisheries Production o Section for Business and Human Resources Development

The tasks of Transportation, Maritime and Fisheries Agency include the formulation of policies and their implementation in the fields of transportation, maritime, and fisheries. This service does not only focus on sea transportation activities but also has the task of providing facilities and marine infrastructure development and marine and terrestrial fishing activities.

E. Investment and One Stop Service Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Utara

Besides Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Utara No 12 of 2016, there is a legal which is more focused on function and working procedure on Regional Development Planning Agency of Kabupaten

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Lombok Utara. The regulation is Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Utara Regulation No 25 of 2017 about function and working procedure of Investment and One Stop Service Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Utara, the organization includes:

• Division for Industry Development and Workforce Social Security o Section for Industry Development and Work Terms o Section for Industrial relationship dispute and Workforce Social Security

• Division for Placement, Productivity Training, and Transmigration o Section for Institutional, Training, and Productivity development o Section for Placement, Employment opportunity expansion, and Transmigration

• Division for Investment o Section for Investment, Promotion, and Partnership o Section for Control and Monitoring

• Division for Permits o Section for Permits Service and Clarification o Section for Non-Permits o Section for Permits Data

Investment and One Stop Service Agency is tasked with formulating policies in the fields of labor, investment and integrated one-stop services by coordinating policies in the ranks of district, provincial, central and outside government agencies.

F. Environmental, Housing and Settlement Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Utara

Besides Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Utara No 12 of 2016, there is a legal which is more focused on function and working procedure on Regional Development Planning Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Utara. The regulation is Mayor of Kabupaten Lombok Utara Regulation No 26 of 2017 about function and working procedure of Environmental, Housing, and Settlement Agency of Kabupaten Lombok Utara, the organization includes:

• Division for Housing and Settlement Area o Section for Housing o Section for Settlement Area o Section for Park

• Division for Arrangement and Compliance of Development Supervision and Environment Management

o Section for Environment Impact Study and Planning o Section for Complaint, Dispute Completing, and Environmental Law

• Division for B3 (Dangerous and Toxic) Waste Management and Capacity Improve o Section for Garbage and B3 Waste o Section for Environmental Capacity

• Division for Environment Pollution and Damage Control o Section for Environment Pollution and Damage o Section for Maintenance

Environmental, Housing and Settlement Agency has the duty to formulate policies in the field of Environment, Housing and Settlement Areas based on the Office Strategic Plan as the basis for implementing activities while coordinating policies with regional authorities related to the alignment of district, provincial, central and outside government agencies.

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2.1.2. Stakeholder Identification and Mapping

2.1.2.1. Government Stakeholder

Table 1 List Government Stakeholders

Components, Areas National Provincial / Destination

Kabupaten Kota or below (kecamatan, kelurahan/ village)

Spatial planning and land use

(Spatial measures, building codes, etc)

National Planning Agency

- Deputy for Regional Development

Provincial Planning Agency (Provincial Bappeda)

Kabupaten/Kota Planning Agency (Local Bappeda)

Ministry of Land Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency

- DG of Spatial Planning;

- DG of Agrarian Arrangement;

- DG of Spatial Infrastructure;

- DG of Land Legal Relationship;

- DG of Land Use and Land Tenure Control.

Regional Office of National Land Board

(Kantor Wilayah BPN) - Land Arrangement

Sector; - Land

Infrastructure Sector.

Land Office (Kantor Pertanahan BPN)

- Section of Land Arrangement;

- Section of Land Infrastructure.

Ministry of Public Works and Housing

- Regional Infrastructure Development Agency;

- DG of Human Settlements;

Provincial Public Works and Housing Agency - Human

Settlements Agency.

Kabupaten/Kota Public Works and Housing Agency

- Human Settlements Agency.

Tourism development planning

Ministry of Tourism

- Deputy for Destination and Tourism Industry Development;

- Deputy for International Tourism Marketing;

- Deputy for National Tourism Marketing;

- Deputy for Tourism Institutional.

Provincial Tourism Agency

Kabupaten/Kota Tourism Agency


- Deputy of Economic Affairs;

- Deputy for Development Funding.



Investment planning

Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM)

- Deputy for Investment Planning;

Provincial Investment and One Stop Services Agency (Provincial DPMPTSP)

Kabupaten/Kota Investment and One Stop Services Agency (Local DPMPTSP)

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- Deputy for Investment Service;

- Deputy for Investment Promotion

- Deputy for Supervision and Controlling;

- Deputy for Investment Cooperation.


- Deputy for Economic Affairs;

- Deputy for Development Funding.



Sectoral planning:

- Roads - Transport - Basic Services - Water resources - Utilities

(electricity, ICT, etc)

- Housing, accommodations

- Health and hygiene


- Deputy for Infrastructure;

- Deputy for Regional Development.




- Regional Infrastructure Development Agency;

- DG of Human Settlements;

- DG of Highways; - DG of Water

Resources.

Provincial Public Works and Housing Agency (Provincial DPU) - Human

Settlements Agency;

- Highways Agency; - Water Resources

Agency.

Kabupaten/Kota Public Works and Housing Agency

- Human Settlements Agency;

- Highways Agency;

- Water Resources Agency.

Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources

- DG of Electricity.

Provincial Energy and Mineral Resource Agency

Kabupaten/Kota Energy and Mineral Resource Agency

Ministry of Transport

- DG of Land Transport; - DG of Sea Transport; - DG of Railway.

Provincial Transport Agency

Kabupaten/Kota Transport Agency

Ministry of Health

- DG of Public Health; - DG of Health Service.

Provincial Health Agency

Kabupaten/Kota Health Agency

Environmental and social safeguards

Ministry of Social

- DG of Social Protection and Security;

- DG of Social Empowerment;

- Education and Social Counselling Agency.

Provincial Social Agency

Kabupaten/Kota Social Agency

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- Deputy for Population and Manpower.



National Board for Disaster Management (BNPB)

- Deputy for Prevention and Preparedness;

- Deputy of Emergency.

Provincial Board for Disaster Management

Kabupaten/Kota Local Board for Disaster Management (BPBD)

Forestry, marine, and environmental planning


- Deputy for Maritime Affairs and Natural Resources;

- Deputy for Population and Manpower.



Ministry of Environment and Forestry

- DG of Forestry Planning and Environmental Management;

- DG of Pollution and Environmental Damage Control;

- DG of Climate Change Control;

- DG of Social Forestry and Environmental Partnership.

Provincial Environment and Forestry Agency

• Kabupaten/Kota Environment and Forestry Agency

• Balai Taman Nasional Gunung Rinjani (BTNGR)

Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries

- DG of Marine Space Management.

Provincial Marine and Fisheries Agency

Kabupaten/Kota Marine and Fisheries Agency

Socio-cultural planning

Ministry of Education and Culture

- DG of Culture; - DG of Early Childhood

Education and Community Education.

Provincial Education and Culture Agency

Kabupaten/Kota Education and Culture Agency


- Deputy for Human Development and Development of the Community and Culture.



Development Plan

- Five-year plan (RPJMN, RPJMD, Renstra)


- Deputy for Economic Affairs;



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- Annual plan (Renja SKPD, RKPD)

- Deputy for Development Funding;

- Deputy for Regional Development.

Community Empowerment and Small Medium Enterprises

Ministry of Tourism

- Deputy for Destination and Tourism Industry Development;

- Deputy for Tourism Institutional.

Provincial Tourism Agency

Kabupaten/Kota Tourism Agency


- DG Human Settlements.

Provincial Public Works and Housing Agency (Provincial DPU)

Kabupaten/Kota Public Works and Housing Agency (Human Settlements Agency)

Ministry of Education and Culture

- DG of Early Childhood Education and Community Education.

Provincial Education and Culture Agency

Kabupaten/Kota Education and Culture Agency



- Deputy for Population and Manpower;

- Deputy for Human Development and Development of the Community and Culture.



Ministry of Social

- DG of Social Protection and Security;

- DG of Social Empowerment;

- Education and Social Counselling Agency.

Provincial Social Agency

Kabupaten/Kota Social Agency

Ministry of Cooperation and Small Medium Enterprises

- Deputy for Institutional Sector;

- Deputy for Funding Sector;

- Deputy for Production and Marketing;

- Deputy for Enterprises Restructuration;

- Deputy for Human Resource Development.

Provincial Cooperation and Small Medium Enterprises Agency

Kabupaten/Kota Cooperation and Small Medium Enterprises Agency

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Ministry of Villages, Disadvantaged Regions Development, and Transmigration

- DG of Villages Community Empowerment and Development;

- DG of Villages Area Development;

- DG of Specific Region Development.

Provincial Rural and Community Empowerment Agency

Kabupaten/Kota Rural and Community Empowerment Agency

2.1.2.2. Non-Government Stakeholders

Table 2 List of Non-Government Stakeholders



Spatial planning and land use; Spatial measures, building codes, etc

• Universities • AIDP-Rural

• Universities • University of Mataram

• Local Community

Tourism development

• Universities • Hotel Association • Indonesia Tourism

Development Corporation (ITDC)

• GSTC • GIZ – SREGIP • PHRI (Perhimpunan Hotel

dan Restoran Indonesia/Indonesia Hotel and Restaurant Association)

• HPI (Himpunan Pramuwisata Indonesia/Indonesia Guide Association)

• GIPI (Gabungan Industri Pariwisata Indonesia/Indonesia Industry Tourism Association)

• BPPD NTB (Badan Promosi Pariwisata Daerah/Regional Tourism Promotion Agency)

• ASITA NTB (Asosiasi Tourim and Travel Indonesia/ Indonesia Tour and Travel Association)

• LHA (Lombok Hotel Association)

• DMO Rinjani (Destination Management Organization)

• PHRI Lombok (Perhimpunan Hotel dan Restoran Indonesia/ Indonesia Hotel and Restauran Association)

• HPI NTB (Himpunan Pramuwisata Indonesia/Indonesia Guide Association) NTB

• STP Mataram (Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata/Tourism Institute)

• Tourism Operators • Gili Eco Trust • Gili Divers

Association • SLCA (South

Lombok Community Association)

• Local Community

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• LIPH Lombok (Lembaga Ilmu Perhotelan dan Hospitality/Hotel and Hospitality Institute)

• Tourism Operators Investment and Financing

• Investors • KADIN (Indonesian

Chamber of Commerce & Industry)

• State-owned Enterprises: (Banking) - PT Bank Mandiri - PT Bank Nasional

Indonesia - PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia - PT Bank Tabungan

Negara • Developers • GIZ – SREGIP • Bank Indonesia • OJK (Otoritas Jasa

Keuangan/Financial Fervices Authority)

• MCA (Millennium Challenge Account) Indonesia

• Investors • Provincial KADIN • Provincial Bank - BPD Bank NTB • Developers • PHRI Lombok

(Perhimpunan Hotel dan Restoran Indonesia/ Indonesia Hotel and Restaurant Association)

• Investors • Local KADIN • Local Bank • Developers • Local Community • APGT (Asosiasi

Pengusaha Gili Trawangan/Gili Trawangan Business Association)

Sectoral planning: - Roads - Transport - Basic Services - Water resources - Utilities

(electricity, ICT, etc)

- Small medium enterprises

- Housing, accommodations

- Health and hygiene

• AIDP-Rural • HPI (Himpunan

Pramuwisata Indonesia/Indonesia Guide Association)

• REI • Transportation

Cooperation • State-owned Enterprises: (Accommodation) - PT Hotel Indonesia Natour (Building and Construction

Sector) - PT Adhi Karya - PT Amarta Karya - PT Brantas Abipraya - PT Hutama Karya - Perum Perumnas - PT Pembangunan

Perumahan - PT Waskita Karya - PT Wijaya Karya - PT Nindya Karya (Power Sector) - PLN (Telecommunication) - PT Telekomunikasi

Indonesia (Transportation Sector) - PT Angkasa Pura I

• HPI NTB • Provincial REI • LHA (Lombok Hotel

Association) • PHRI Lombok

(Perhimpunan Hotel dan Restoran Indonesia/ Indonesia Hotel and Restauran Association)

• LIPH Lombok (Lembaga Ilmu Perhotelan dan Hospitality/Hotel and Hospitality Institute)

• Local REI • APGT (Asosiasi

Pengusaha Gili Trawangan)

• SLCA (South Lombok Community Association)

• Local Community • Regional-owned

Enterprises: (Water) - PDAM Giri

Menang

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- PT Jasa Marga - PT Pelabuhan Indonesia

III - PT Pelayaran Nasional

Indonesia

Environmental and social safeguards

• PKBI NTB (Perkumpulan Keluarga Berencana Indonesia/ Indonesia Family Planning Association)

• Bank Sampah NTB Mandiri

• Gili Eco Trust • Local community

Forestry, marine, and environmental planning

• AIDP-Rural • Eco-Farms • MCA (Millennium

Challenge Account) Indonesia

• State-owned Enterprises: (Fisheries Sector) - Perum Perikanan

Indonesia - PT Perikanan Nusantara (Forestry Sector) - PT Perkebunan Nusantara - PT Pertani

• DMO RInjani (Destination Management Organization)

• WCS Lombok (Wildlife Conservation Society)

• Gili Eco Trust • Gili Divers

Association • Local community

Socio Cultural • The British Council AMAN


• GIZ – SED TVET • PLUT-KUMKM (Pusat

Layanan Usaha Terpadu/Integrated Business Service Center)

• PLUT-KUMKM NTB (Pusat Layanan Usaha Terpadu/Integrated Business Service Center)

• Yayasan Nurul Haramain

• STP Mataram (Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata/Tourism Institute)

• SLCA (South Lombok Community Association

• Local community • UMKM

Geopark • UNESCO Jakarta • Coordinating Minister for

Maritime

• BAPPEDA NTB, Environmental and Forestry Agency, Tourism Agency

• BAPPEDA KAB/Kota, Environmental Agency, Tourism Agency

Bioshpere • UNESCO Jakarta • LIPI

• BAPPEDA NTB, Environmental and Forestry Agency

• BAPPEDA KAB/Kota, Environmental Agency, Tourism Agency

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2.1.2.3. Inter-agency Coordination Forum

Table 3 List of Inter-agency Coordianation Forum

Type National Provincial / Destination


Horizontal • National Steering Committee for Housing, Settlement, Water and Sanitations (Ministrial Decree of Bappenas)

• National Taks Force for Housing, Settlements, Water and Sanitation, (Deputy Ministry Decree of Bappenas)

• Provincial Taks Force for Housing, Settlements, water and sanitation

• Kota/Kabupaten Task Force for Housing, Settlement, Water and Sanitation

Across levels, across sectors

• Musrenbang • Rakornas

• Konreg • RPJMD

Coordination

• Musrenbang • RPJMD

Coordination

2.1.3. Collaboration Arrangements between Stakeholders

2.1.3.1. Tourism Governance for SITMP

National Level

Source Image: Project Appraisal Document (PAD)

Tourism Coordination Team on Sustainable Integrated Tourism Development Program consists of Steering Committee, Implementing Committee, Technical Committee, Working Groups as table below.

1. Steering Committee a. Head Ministry of National Development Planning/Head of

National Development Planning Board (BAPPENAS)

b. Vice Head 1. Ministry of Public Work and Housing (MPWH)

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2. Ministry of Tourism (MoT)

c. Members 1. Ministry of Transporation 2. Ministry of Land and Spatial Planning/Head of National

Land Administration 3. Ministry of Environmental and Forestry 4. Ministry of Home Affairs 5. Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources 6. Ministry of State-owned Enterprises 7. Ministry of Finance 8. Ministry of Health 9. Ministry of Cooperatives Small and Medium

Entreprises 10. Ministry of Maritime and Fishery Affairs 11. Head of Investment Coordinating Board 12. Head of Creative Economy Board

2. Implementing Committee Head I Deputy for Economy, BAPPENAS

Head II Deputy for Infrastructure, BAPPENAS

Vice Head 1. Head of Regional Infrastructure Development Agency – MPWH

2. Deputy for Industry and Institutional Development, MoT

3. Deputy for Investment Planning, BKPM 4. Deputy for Development Financing, BAPPENAS

Member 1. Deputy for Regional Development, BAPPENAS 2. Deputy for Infrastructure Coordination, Coordinating

Minister for Maritime 3. Deputy for Creative Economy, Entrepreneurship, and

Competitive cooperation and Small Medium Enteprises, Coordinating Minister for the Economy

4. Deputy for Tourism Destination Development, MoT 5. DG Highways, MPWH 6. DG Human Settlement, MPWH 7. DG Water Resources, MPWH 8. DG Housing, MPWH 9. DG Land Transportation, MoTr 10. DG Sea Transportation, MoTr 11. DG Air Transportation, MoTr 12. DG Railways, MoTr 13. DG Spatial Planning, ATR 14. DG Environmental Pollution and Damage Control,

MoEF 15. DG Ecosystem and Natural Resource Conservation,

MoEF 16. DG Sea Spatial Management, MoMF 17. DG Electricity, MoEMR 18. Head of Geology Agency, MoEMR 19. DG Financing and Risk Management, MoF 20. DG Anggaran, MoF 21. DG Perimbangan Keuangan, MoF 22. DG Regional Development, MoHA 23. DG Regional Finance, MoHA 24. DG Community Health, MoH 25. DG Culture, MoEC

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26. Deputy for Production and Marketing, MoCSME 27. Deputy for Research, Education, and Development,

Creative Economy Board 28. Deputy for Pengembangan Iklim Penanaman Modal,

BKPM 29. Deputy for Promosi Penanaman Modal, BKPM 30. Dr. Ir. Imron Bulkin, MRP, BAPPENAS 31. Dr. Ir. Himawan Hariyoga Djojokusumo, M.Sc,

BAPPENAS

3. Technical Committee

Head I Director for Industry, Tourism, Creative Economy, BAPPENAS

Head II Director for Transportation, BAPPENAS

Vice Head 1. Head of Strategic Area Development 2. Assistant Deputy for Tourism Skills Development and

Inter-agency relations 3. Director for service and area planning, BPKM 4. Director for Multilateral Foreign Funding, BAPPENAS

Working Group I (Component 1 Base on PAD) Head Assistant Deputy for Strategic Management, MoT

Members 1. Assistant Deputy for Destination Development Regional I, MoT

2. Assistant Deputy for Destination Development Regional II, MoT

3. Assistant Deputy for Destination Development Regional III, MoT

4. Assistant Deputy for Infrastructure and ecosystem development, MoT

5. Head of Infrastructure Planning for Public Work and Housing, RIDA MPWH

6. Director for Cultural Heritage and Museum, MoEC 7. Director for Redevelopment Area, MoL&SP 8. Director for Economy and Maritime Finance, MoF 9. Head of Regional and Area Development, BAPPENAS 10. Director for Syncronizing Governance Area III, MoHA

Working Group 2 (Component 2 Based on PAD) Head Head of Strategic Area Development, RIDA MPWH

Members 1. Assistant Deputy for Infrastructure Development and Ecosystem

2. Director for Urban, Housing and Settlement, BAPPENAS

3. Director for Irigation and Drainage, BAPPENAS 4. Head Bureau of Planning and Foreign relations,

BAPPENAS 5. Director for Road Network Development, MPWH 6. Director for Integrated Infrastructure Settlement,

MPWH 7. Director for Dana Perimbangan, MoF

Working Group 3 (Component 3 based on PAD) Head Assistant Deputy for Tourism Human Resources and inter-

agency relations, MoT

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Members 1. Assistant Deputy for Tourism Industry and Regulation, MoT

2. Director for Creative Economy Education, Creative Economy Agency

3. Assistant Deputy for Industry and Service, MoCSME 4. Director for Entrepreneurship Empowerment, BKPM 5. Director for Community Village Empowerment, State

Minister for Acceleration Development Underdeveloped Regions

6. Director for Village Area Development Planning, State Minister for Acceleration Development Underdeveloped Regions

7. Director for Underdeveloped Regions, Transmigration, and Village, BAPPENAS

Working Group IV (Component 4 based on PAD) Head Director for Service and Area Planning, BKPM

Members 1. Director for Invesment Deregulation, BPKM 2. Director for Sectoral Promotion, BPKM 3. Assistant Deputy for Tourism Investment, MoT 4. Assitant Deputy for Cultural, Art and Maritime Sport,

Coordinating Minister for Maritime 5. Director for Trade, Invesment and Economy

international partnership, BAPPENAS 6. Director for Load and Grant, MoF

During this time, in handling tourism activities in Indonesia it is still managed partially depending on the agency responsible. With the forming of the national coordination team, there is more active coordination between stakeholders, especially to solve every problems, issues, and challengse and can increase the role of tourism in the local and national economy.

Source: Kepmen PPN/BAPPENAS No. 86 Year 2018 about ITDP Coordination Team updated with Kepmen PPN/BAPPENAS No. 9 Year 2019 about ITDP Coordination Team.

Roles and Responsibilities of Each Level of Government

Steering Committee

Steering Committee has a role and responsibility for

• Guiding policy and strategy planning, implementation, controlling, monitoring, and evaluation sustainable integrated tourism development program.

• Stipulating general policy related on sustainable integrated tourism development program • Stipulating policy on loan and grant utilization from development partner for supporting

sustainable integrated tourism development program • Guiding on result utilization, sharing experience and lesson learnt of sustainable integrated

tourism development program

Implementing Committee (IC)

Implementing Committee has role and responsibility for

• Helping Steering Committee on preparing policy guidance and strategy on sustainable integrated tourism development program implementation.

• Conducting coordination with various related stakeholders related on sustainable integrated tourism development program with related ministry/institutions, local

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government, private sector, academics, community organization, professional association, and other development partners.

• Conducting planning and budgeting synchronization related to sustainable integrated tourism development program.

• Coordinating preparation and implementation on sustainable tourism development program components effectively and continuity.

o Sustainable integrated tourism destination planning lead by Head I o Accessibility and basic service infrastructure development coordinated by Head II o Tourism skills, industry and institutional development coordinated by Head I o Enabling environment for tourism business improvement coordinated by Head I

• Reporting to Steering Committee on program implementation progress

Technical Committee

Technical Committee has role and responsibility for

• Helping Implementing Committee on preparing technically planning and budgeting synchronization in national tourism

• Conducting technically planning and budgeting synchronization related on sustainable integrated tourism development program.

• Implementing technical preparation and coordination for sustainable integrated tourism development program.

• Coordinating working groups for supporting technical preparation, coordination, and synchronization for sustainable integrated tourism development component.

o Working Group I : Sustainable integrated tourism destination planning o Working Group II: Accessibility and basic service infrastructure development in

tourism destination area. o Working Group III: Tourism Skills, Industry, Institutional Capacity Building o Working Group IV: Enabling environment for tourism business improvement

• Conducting coordination with various related sustainable integrated tourism development program stakeholders including Ministries/Institutions, Local Governments, Private sectors, academics, community organization, professional association, and development partner.

• Conducting technical coordination with tourism destination working groups established in provincial and kabupaten/kota level to support effectively and continuity of program preparation and implementation.

• Reporting to Implementing Committee related to program implementation progress. • Preparation, coordination, and synchronization on sustainable integrated tourism

development program implementation helped by Working Groups. • Technical Committee will get helped from Project Management Unit (PMU) by MPWH

and Regional Planning Unit by BAPPENAS.

Working Groups

• Working Group I has role and responsibility for sustainable integrated tourism destination development planning

• Working Group II has role and responsibility for accessibility and basic service infrastructure development in tourism destination.

• Working Group III has role and responsibility for tourism skills, industry, and institutional development

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• Working Group IV has role and responsibility for enabling environment for tourism business improvement.

2.2. Policy and Regulatory Review In the development of the ITMP for Lombok, there are several policies from the national, provincial and Kota/Kabupaten levels those are referred to. These policies can be grouped according to their relevance to the following fields:

1. National Development Planning System, 2. Spatial Planning Policy, 3. Tourism Development Policy, 4. Sectoral Infrastructure Plan and Policy, 5. Disaster Mitigation Policy.

Figure 11 ITMP Policy and Regulatory Framework

2.2.1. National Development Planning Documents

According to Law No. 25 of 2004, National Development Planning System (Sistem Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional) is an integral part of development planning procedures to formulate the development plans in the long term, medium term and yearly conducted by an element of the state and society at the central and regional level. The development plan is consisting of these main items: vision, mission, analysis of the strategic issues, and strategies to answer various issues that become the main focus of development in a certain period of time.

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Related to the ITMP for Lombok, the following Development Planning documents become the reference for the project:

Table 4 List of Development Planning Documents

No. Regulations Summary

1 Law No. 17 of 2007

Long-Term National Development Plan (RPJP) Year 2005-2025

The National Long-Term Development Plan (RPJPN), is a national development planning document for a period of twenty years. The National RPJP for 2005 to 2025 is divided into stages of development planning in the five-year period of national medium-term development planning (RPJMN).

According to the RPJMN, The national vision of long-term development is the creation of healthy human beings, intelligent, productive and noble and an increasingly society prosperity in sustainable development driven by the economy which is more advanced, independent, and evenly distributed throughout the region supported by the provision of adequate infrastructure and more solid unity and national unity imbued by strong characters inside of the State Unitary Republic of Indonesia held with democracy based on Pancasila values as a guidance in life of the community, nation and state and uphold supremacy of the law.

2 Presidential Regulation No. 2 of 2015

Medium Term National Development Plan (RPJMN) Year 2015-2019

Medium Term Development Plan 2015-2019 National (RPJMN) constitutes the third stage of the Development Plan National Long-Term (RPJPN) 2005-2025 which stipulated through Law No. 17 of 2007. Formulation of the 2015-2019 RPJMN is intended to maintain consistency in the direction of national development and continuity of national development is appropriate with the mandate of the 1945 Constitution and RPJPN 2005-2025.

In addition, the 2015-2019 RPJMN, which was stipulated through Presidential Regulation No. 2 of 2015, arranged as a direct implementation of the Vision, Mission and Agenda Development (Nawacita) President and Vice President-elect, Joko Widodo and Muhammad Jusuf Kalla. Based on the 2015 National Development Vision 2019, namely the Realization of Sovereign Indonesia, Self-sustained, and based on mutual cooperation. National development strategy in the 2015-2019 RPJMN has been described in three dimensions of development, namely Dimension Human and Community Development, Dimensions Development of Superior Sectors, and Dimensions Equitable and Regional, which is supported by conditions need to be related to aspects of politics, law, defense, and security. Next, inside the 2015-2019 RPJMN formulated nine agendas priority or called Nawacita. Meanwhile, the main target of national development in order realizing the vision of development includes: (1) Macro Target; (2) Human Development Goals and Society; (3) Sector Development Goals Superior; (4) Target of the Equity Dimension; (5) Regional and Inter-Regional Development Goals; and (6) Political, Law, Defense, and Security Goals.

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3 Presidential Decree No 26 of 2018 National Action Plan of Development Acceleration of Disadvantaged Region of 2019

This regulation is the basis of the law stipulating a national action plan to realize one of the current visions of the government, namely to build Indonesia from the periphery, including the disadvantaged regions. The focus of development is on 6 aspects including accessibility, economy, human resources, regional finance, facilities and infrastructure, and regional characteristics. Kota Mataram is the only area that is not included in the disadvantaged area. This means that in West Lombok, Central Lombok, North Lombok and East Lombok a more massive development is carried out. The focus of the development of disadvantaged regions on Lombok Island is on the problems of human resources, infrastructure, regional characteristics, regional financial capacity, and infrastructure.

4 Minister of Public Works and Housing Regulation No 01/PRT/M/2014

Minimum Service Standards in Public Works and Spatial Planning

Being a basic reference for the provincial government and regency/city government in implementing development of public works consisting of water resources, roads, construction services, and spatial planning. Minimum Service Standard (MSS) of Public Work and Spatial Planning is a regulation that stipulates type and basic service quality of public works and spatial plan sector. This regulation covers: • MSS of public work and spatial plan sector • MSS determination and targets of public work and spatial

plan sector • The MSS organizer of public work and spatial plan sector • Giudance and supervision • Report • Monitoring and evaluation • Budget


Technical Standards of Minimal Services for Public Works and Housing

Become a reference for local governments in preparing the type, quality and budget for public works. This regulation also requires regional governments to meet minimum service standards for facilities and infrastructure of public work and housing. Services included water, wastewater treatment, provision and rehabitation of public house.


regional revitalization guidelines

The Regional Revitalization Guidelines are intended as a guide for the central government, regional governments, private sector and community in the preparation, implementation and management of regional revitalization. The subject matter of Regional Revitalization includes:

• Steps for Identifying Area Revitalization Locations • Concept Study and Development • Preparation of an Implementation Detail Plan • Construction execution

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• Management • Marketing.

7 Minister of villages disadvantaged regions and transmigration regulations No 19 of 2017 Prioritizing the use of village funds in 2018

One alternative fund in rural area is using village funds (Dana Desa). Village Funds are used to finance village development aimed at improving the welfare of the village community, improving the quality of human life and reducing poverty with the priority of using the Village Fund for the implementation of Village Development programs and activities one of which is used for tourism development.

8 Minister of villages disadvantaged regions and transmigration regulations No 5 of 2016 Village areas development

Become the legal basic for rural area development. And it organized includes:

a. proposing rural areas; b. rural area determination and planning; c. implementation of rural development; and d. reporting and evaluation of rural development

This regulation is the legal basis for implementing rural development and has the aim of accelerating and improving the quality of services, economic development, and/or empowering rural communities through a participatory approach by integrating various policies, plans, programs, and activities of the parties in the designated area.

9 NTB Province Regulation No. 3 of 2008

Long-Term Development Plan of Nusa Tenggara Barat Province 2005 - 2025

The Long-Term Development Plan (Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Panjang Daerah - RPJPD) is the guidance of the long-term development in Nusa Tenggara Barat Province between 2005-2025. The long-term development plan is divided into four stage of a medium-term development plan that has five years period (RPJMD). This document describes the existing state of NTB Province, strategic issues, and development direction which then analysed to produce strategies of the NTB Province development in the next twenty years. The results of the analysis and prediction of the condition were then helped to formulate the vision which is: ‘The Realization of the Nusa Tenggara Barat Community that is Faithful, Advanced and Prosperous’.


Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMD) of Nusa Tenggara Barat Province 2013-2018

Until this report is written, the new Medium Term Development Plan (Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah RPJMD) of Nusa Tenggara Barat Province based on the new governor’s plan is currently being prepared. However, until the new plan is ready and legalized the existing plan is still relevant.

RPJMD of Nusa Tenggara Barat sets out the vision, mission, goals, objectives, and strategies and also directions of the development policy between 2013 to 2018. Its development vision is "Creating the Community of West Nusa Tenggara that is Faithful, Cultured, Powerful and Prosperous". This vision is prepared on the consideration basis of 7 predefined development problems such as a community with character and believes in faith, local wisdom and cultural development, bureaucratic reformation and law enforcement, competitive

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human resources, poverty, connectivity between regional and spatial planning, and also environmental.

11 Local Regulation No. 8 of 2008

Long-Term Development Plan (RPJPD) of Kota Mataram 2005-2025

This document is used as a reference for Regional Government in planning, implementation and controlling of the development. Same with the NTB RPJPD, it is also divided into four stages of development which will be discussed further in Kota Mataram RPJPMD Document. According to this document, the vision of Kota Mataram is: ‘The realization of Kota Mataram that are Religious, Advanced and Cultured, as a Center for Government, Trade, and Services in 2025’.

12 Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMD) of Kota Mataram 2016-2021

RPJMD of Kota Mataram for 2016-2021 presents the vision, mission, goals, objectives and strategies and development programs. The vision is “Realization of the advanced, religious, and cultured Kota Mataram”.

Development issues that discussed in this document are spatial-based urban issues and environmental infrastructure issues. In each of these issues, it is detailed to be some specific issues such as Provincial Tourism Master Plan (RIPPARDA) of Nusa Tenggara Barat with RIPPARDA of Kota Mataram as a reference for tourism sector planning has not been synergized, management of urban facilities, infrastructure, and residential areas is not optimal, and also the solid waste service.

13 Kabupaten Lombok Utara Local Regulation No. 12 of 2010

Long-Term Development Plan (RPJPD) of Kabupaten Lombok Utara 2005-2025

Kabupaten Lombok Utara was originally part of Kabupaten Lombok Barat, it makes the condition analysis of these two regencies are quite similar. The intention of this document is providing direction in the administration of government, management of development, and service to the community in realizing mutually agreed vision which is: ‘Prosperous and Dignified Lombok Utara’.

14 Kabupaten Lombok Utara Local Regulation No. 10 of 2016 and New Regulation Draft

Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMD) of Kabupaten Lombok Utara 2016-2021

Until this report is written, the legal documents are still in the revision stage to address the current condition after the earthquake. The document that is used as analysis substance is a draft of local regulation that has not yet been ratified.

The development vision of Kabupaten Lombok Utara for 2016-2021 is "Realization of religious, cultural, fair and prosperous Lombok Utara”.

The strategic issue of regional development in 2016-2021 from Kabupaten Lombok Utara are: Resilience to disasters, adaptation to climate change, maintaining environmental carrying capacity, poverty alleviation, improving the quality of human resources, meeting basic infrastructure, and bureaucratic reform and improving the quality of public services.

15 Local Regulation of Kabupaten Lombok Timur No. 1 of 2014

Vision of Medium-Term Development Plan of Kabupaten Lombok Timur for 2013-2018 is “Realization of Kabupaten Lombok Timur which are safe, fair, and prosperous both

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Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMD) of Kabupaten Lombok Timur for 2013-2018

physically and spiritually in the frame of unity based on faith and piety”. This vision is set to respond to predetermined issues addressed on this document. Some of the development issues that presented in the RPJMD of Kabupaten Lombok Timur for 2013-2018 that has the relevancy with ITMP for Lombok are: 1) Imbalance between housing needs and the number of households (backlog), 2) Low labor competitiveness, 3) High encroachment and exploitation of forest areas, 4) Regional infrastructure and economic development, 5) Ineffective and inefficient of governance, environmental protection and management.

16 Kabupaten Lombok Tengah Local Regulation of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah No. 2 of 2016

Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMD) of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah 2016-2021

Medium Term Development Plan of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah for 2016-2021 classifies development issues into several points that refer to the Long-Term Development Plan of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah for 2011-2031. The issues are responded by presents the vision, mission, goals, objectives and strategies and development programs. The vision is “Realization of Lombok Tengah community that is faithful, prosperous, and has quality”.

There are several strategic issues that discussed by Medium Term Development Plan document of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah such as tourism, spatial planning and land conversion, provision of basic infrastructure, and quality of the environment and settlements. Some of these issues were raised because Kabupaten Lombok Tengah has regional potential that can be developed and at the same time become the regional challenges that must be solved. Therefore, there is also a problem with the low number of tourist visits in the tourist destination.

17 Kabupaten Lombok Barat Local Regulation No. 10 of 2008

Long Term Development Plan (RPJPD) of Kabupaten Lombok Barat 2005-2025

Kabupaten Lombok Barat developed the RPJPD as a development planning document for the next twenty years. The analysis and prediction of the general condition in this document were then made into a vision: ‘Prosperous, Independent and Religious Lombok Barat’. The vision then will lead into the forming of mission and development directions for Kabupaten Lombok Barat.

18 Kabupaten Lombok Barat Local Regulation No. 3 of 2014

Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMD) of Kabupaten Lombok Barat 2014-2019

The development vision that is based on the Medium-Term Development Plan of Kabupaten Lombok Barat for 2014-2019 is “The Realization of Kabupaten Lombok Barat community that excellent, independent, prosperous, and dignified based on Patut, Patuh, Patju values (Regency slogan)”.

The development issues are about build excellent and independent communities through education and health, then to create a prosperous society with equitable regional infrastructure development, reduce poverty, carry out bureaucratic reform and law enforcement, increasing economic development and regional food security, maintaining environmental sustainability and controlling the rate of population growth in Kabupaten Lombok Barat.

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19 Regional Short-Term Plan (Rencana Kerja Pemerintah Daerah RKPD) Provinsi NTB, Kota Mataram, and Kabupaten - Kabupaten Lombok

The RKPD document is a basic guideline for a local government in executing programs based on the agreed vision and mission of the regional development. RKPD documents consist of the detail explanation of the Government’s Medium-Term Development Planning (RPJMD). This document will guide the implementation of the visions, missions, and the strategies of the local government. The defined working plan will then act as a guideline for the making of The Regional Government’s Budgets Planning (APBD), while the detail plans regarded to the working plan is synchronized through The Development Planning Discussion (Musrenbang).

20 Presidential decree No 8 of 2010, regarding National Board of Indonesia Special Economic Zones (Keputusan Presiden tentang Dewan Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus Indonesia)

This decree is a legal base to establish a national board of special economic zones. This decree then followed up with the following regulation that explain further regarding special economic zones such as Undang–Undang, Government regulation, Presidential regulation, Presidential decree and Ministry regulation.

21 Law No 39 of 2009 regarding Indonesia Special Economic Zones (Undang-Undang tentang Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus Indonesia)

In this law, it is explained that Special Economic Zone (KEK) is an area with certain boundary located in Republic of Indonesia which is determined to perform economics functionality and obtain certain facilities. KEK was born in order to accelerate the achievement of national economy development. The KEK is comprised of one or several zones such as export processing, logistics, industry, tourism, energy and others. There are 12 KEK determined in Indonesia, 4 (four) of them are tourism KEK, namely: KEK Tanjung Kelayang, KEK Tanjung Lesung, KEK Mandalika and KEK Morotai.

22 Minister of Public Works and Housing No 2/PRT/M/2016 about Quality Improvement of Slums housing and settlement

This regulation become the legal basis for activities to improve the quality of settlements such as the City without slums area Program (KOTAKU), Water Supply and Community Based Sanitation program (PAMSIMAS) and also support other programs such as Community Rehabilitation and Reconstruction and Community Based Settlements (REKOMPAK).

Based on the review of all documents above, there are some issues that are relevant to the ITMP for Lombok. The issues can be classified by the project components as stated before by the Project Appraisal Document1 (World Bank). Besides the issues, the above documents also mention about the strategies formulated to overcome the issues. Therefore, ITMP for Lombok needs to analyze the issues and align the project with the development planning documents to address these issues. Based on our analysis, the main issues and strategies will be explained in Table 5 below.

Table 5 Analysis of the Main Issues and Strategies based on the Development Planning Documents

1 World Bank. 2016. Project Appraisal Document

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Project Components Issues Strategies

Component 1: Increase institutional capacity to facilitate integrated and sustainable tourism development

Development which is not comply to the Spatial plan

Integration of spatial documents with regional development planning documents

Determination of protected areas and cultivation areas

Minimizing the occurrence of disparities and spatial gaps

Environmental hazards in geological terms

Develop a disaster risk-based development model with the aim of developing an early detection, socialization and information dissemination system

Improve identification and mapping of disaster-prone areas

Creating a community that aware and responsive to disasters

Utilization and maintenance of the natural resources

Integrated natural resource management between related agencies

Managing rationally, optimally, efficiently and responsibly, especially renewable natural resources

Strict supervision

Implementation of sustainable principles in all sectors and regions

Component 2: Improve tourism-relevant road quality and basic services accessibility

Management and distribution of the basic services

Expansion of infrastructure capacity and construction of new infrastructure

Environmental preservation around spring water sources and catchment area

Preserving and maintaining irrigation facilities and city drainage

Management and distribution of road and transportation

Increased transportation modes

Provision and improvement of road quality to facilitate the distribution of goods and population mobility

The construction of facilities and infrastructure for fishing ports and tourism ports

Component 3: Promote local participation in the tourism economy

Quality of the human resources Improve education and health parameters/indicators

Controlling the number and rate of population growth to form a good quality family

Mastery, utilization, and creation of science and technology

Unemployed population Encouraging the industrial and the service sector to provide jobs

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Project Components Issues Strategies

Increase the knowledge and skills of the community to get a decent job and income

Economic diversification

Changes in economic structure towards non-agricultural economic activities with drivers of industrial sectors such as tourism, fisheries, and processing of agricultural products

Tourism activities development based on local economic development

MICE (Meeting Incentive Conference and Exhibition) tourism development

Regular tourist events to increase the length of stay of tourists Kota Mataram

Improving the quality and competitiveness of local products

Increasing the arrangement and diversity of various activities in the tourism site

Component 4: Enhance the enabling environment for private investment and business entry in tourism

Entrepreneurship and investment circumstances

Establishment of institutions and policies that attracts private investment

Divestment and facilitation of capital participation that directed to BUMD (Local Government-owned Enterprise) and private sector

Simplification of procedures and permits processing of new business

Managing the resource environment and providing transparent procedures and privatization processes

Improving the quality of licensing services

Tourism business and investment

Increasing the carrying capacity of the region

Intensive tourism promotion and marketing

Community involvement in improving the tourism industry

Source: AECOM Analysis of the Main Issues and Strategies from the Development Planning Documents on Table 1

After understanding the main issues and strategies, there are several development directions formulated by the development planning documents. The development directions are based on the 2015-2019 national development vision: ‘The Realization of Sovereign Indonesia, Mandiri, and based personality Mutual cooperation’, or well known as Nawacita. Based on our analysis, we synthesize the general guidance that can be applied to ITMP for Lombok Project. The synthesis of the development direction based on the national planning documents is explained in Table 6 below:

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Table 6 Analysis of the Direction based on the Development Planning Documents

Project Components Development Direction Component 1: Increase institutional capacity to facilitate integrated and sustainable tourism development

Management of natural resources potential managed by the principles of environmental sustainability and sustainable development Improving the quality of spatial planning and consistency in development planning documents as an effort to control and use of space

Component 2: Improve tourism-relevant road quality and basic services accessibility

Acceleration of infrastructure development

Increasing the quality and quantity of various supporting facilities for development

Promoting the availability of infrastructure in accordance with the spatial plans

Component 3: Promote local participation in the tourism economy

Improving the quality of human resources that have competitiveness with the other regions The ability of science and technology continues to increase Job creation based on the development of productive economic enterprises

Component 4: Enhance the enabling environment for private investment and business entry in tourism

Opportunities and conveniences for investment

Strengthening the public infrastructure and facilities that are oriented to investment services

Source: AECOM Analysis

The National Development Planning system documents discussed above established the guidance for the development of ITMP Lombok. The ITMP has two dimensions: the overall tourism development of Lombok Island and the planning of key tourism areas that are required need to be aligned with those development plans. The overall Lombok plan that will be implemented over 25 years and will be in alignment with the long-term development plan, while the plan for key tourism area will need to be aligned with the medium term development plan (five years planning period). It is understood that the ITMP must conform to internationally recognized tourism planning and development principles and standards.

The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals can be used as the guidance to provide a sustainable policy direction for the tourism development of Lombok. This implementation of SDG in ITMP Lombok can help to reach the global agenda to end extreme poverty, fight inequality and injustice, and fix climate change until 2030.

Table 7 The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals

No. Policy Summary

1 UN Sustainable Development Goals

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a development target containing a set of programs totalling 17 goals with 169 indicators that are measured and intended for all countries that are members of the United Nations (UN). SDG is a world development agenda for the good of mankind and the earth, starting from 2016 until 2030. This development agenda aims to solve world problems such as overcoming poverty, inequality and climate change in real form.

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The UN agrees that tourism can play an important role in achieving the SDG. Through media called The Tourism for SDGs (T4SDG), tourism becomes one of the important goals in achieving sustainable development in 2030.

In conclusion, there are many aspects of tourism that support the sustainability and realization of SDGs as an indicator of achieving world development. Tourism is a multi-use sector and, if implemented properly in accordance with environmental and community impact analysis, it can build the sustainability of a particular area in terms of infrastructure, social, economic and cultural.

Figure 12 The Sustainable Development Goals

As the 17 SDGs and the corresponding 169 SDG targets offer the world a new direction, tourism can and must play a significant role in delivering sustainable solutions for people, the planet, prosperity and peace.

Tourism has the potential to contribute, directly or indirectly to all of the goals. In particular, the ITMP need to pay attention on the following Goals that is specifically highlighted as the main attention of the SDGs on the tourism as stated by the Tourism4SDGS, a platform developed by the UNWTO:

Goals 8 – Decent Works and Economic Growth Goals12 – Responsible Consumption and Production Goals14 – Life Below Water

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Responsible Tourism There are more specific discussions of important principles for sustainable and responsible tourism. One of the most useful has been developed in the Cape Town declaration on responsible tourism and which are summarized below. (http://responsibletourismpartnership.org/cape-town-declaration-on-responsible-tourism/ Responsible tourism has the following characteristics) Minimizes negative economic, environmental, and social impacts; Generates greater economic benefits for local people and enhances the well-being of host

communities, improves working conditions and access to the industry; Involves local people in decisions that affect their lives and life chances; Makes positive contributions to the conservation of natural and cultural heritage, to the

maintenance of the world’s diversity; Provides more enjoyable experiences for tourists through more meaningful connections with

local people, and a greater understanding of local cultural, social and environmental issues; Provides access for physically challenged people; Is culturally sensitive, engenders respect between tourists and hosts, and builds local pride

and confidence. More specific principles directly related to the Lombok situation include considerations of economic social and environmental responsibility.

2.2.1.1. Guiding Principles for Economic Responsibility

Assess economic impacts before developing tourism and exercise preference for those forms of development that benefit local communities and minimize negative impacts on local livelihoods (for example through loss of access to resources), recognizing that tourism may not always be the most appropriate form of local economic development.

Maximize local economic benefits by increasing linkages and reducing leakages, by ensuring that communities are involved in, and benefit from, tourism. Wherever possible use tourism to assist in poverty reduction by adopting pro-poor strategies.

Develop quality products that reflect, complement, and enhance the destination. Market tourism in ways which reflect the natural, cultural and social integrity of the

destination, and which encourage appropriate forms of tourism. Adopt equitable business practices, pay and charge fair prices, and build partnerships in ways

in which risk is minimized and shared, and recruit and employ staff recognizing international labor standards.

Provide appropriate and sufficient support to small, medium and micro enterprises to ensure tourism-related enterprises thrive and are sustainable.

2.2.1.2. Guiding Principles for Social Responsibility

Actively involve the local community in planning and decision-making and provide capacity building to make this a reality.

Assess social impacts throughout the life cycle of the operation – including the planning and design phases of projects – in order to minimize negative impacts and maximize positive ones.

Endeavour to make tourism an inclusive social experience and to ensure that there is access for all, in particular vulnerable and disadvantaged communities and individuals.

http://responsibletourismpartnership.org/cape-town-declaration-on-responsible-tourism/

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Combat the sexual exploitation of human beings, particularly the exploitation of children. Be sensitive to the host culture, maintaining and encouraging social and cultural diversity. Endeavour to ensure that tourism contributes to improvements in health and education. 2.2.1.3. Guiding Principles for Environmental Responsibility

Assess environmental impacts throughout the life cycle of tourist establishments and operations – including the planning and design phase – and ensure that negative impacts are reduced to the minimum and maximizing positive ones.

Use resources sustainably and reduce waste and over-consumption. Manage natural diversity sustainably, and where appropriate restore it; and consider the

volume and type of tourism that the environment can support, and respect the integrity of vulnerable ecosystems and protected areas

Promote education and awareness for sustainable development – for all stakeholders. Raise the capacity of all stakeholders and ensure that best practice is followed, for this

purpose consult with environmental and conservation experts.

2.2.2. Regional Spatial Planning Documents

The ITMP for Lombok Project needs to align with the existing spatial planning policies. The National, Regional, Provincial and Kota / Kabupaten spatial planning policies become a reference point for the formulation of the ITMP for Lombok.

The list of the spatial planning documents and the brief summary of the documents can be found in Table 8 below:

Table 8 List of Spatial Planning Regulation


1 Law No. 26 tahun 2007

Spatial Planning

Spatial Planning Management. In the context of decentralization, urbanization and other factors, it grants authority over spatial planning to provincial governments and district (local) governments (pemerintah kabupaten and pemerintah kota). Provision of this authority is not stipulated within previous spatial planning laws. It also provides some new ways for enhancing development control including zoning, planning permits, implementation of incentives and disincentives, including administration and criminal sanction. Law No. 26 of 2007 also acknowledges the importance of public participation in spatial planning.

2 Law No. 27 tahun 2007

The Zoning Plan for Coastal Areas and Small Islands

This law is regulating the management of coastal areas and small islands (Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil). Inside this regulation also explain the process of planning, utilization, monitoring, and controlling human interactions in utilizing coastal and small islands resources with sustainability principle.

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Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands is carried out with the purpose:

1. Protect, conserve, rehabilitate, utilize, and enrich coastal and small islands resources along with their ecological systems in a sustainable manner

2. Creating harmony and synergy between the government and the regional government in the management of coastal and small islands resources

3. Strengthen the role of the community and government institutions and encourage community initiatives in managing coastal and small islands resources to achieve justice, balance, and sustainability

4. Improving social, economic and cultural values of the community through the participation of the community in the utilization of coastal and small islands resources

Planning for Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands consists of:

• Strategic Plan for Coastal Areas and Small Islands, hereinafter referred to as RSWP-3-K.

• Zoning Plan for Coastal Areas and Small Islands, hereinafter referred to as RZWP-3-K

• Management Plan for Coastal Areas and Small Islands, hereinafter referred to as RPWP-3-K

Action Plan for Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands, hereinafter referred to as RAPWP-3-K.

3 Government Regulation No. 13 of 2017

National Spatial Plan (RTRWN)

Government Regulation (PP) Number 13 of 2017 stipulates policy directives and spatial utilization on the national level. The objectives of this plan are to actualize a safe, comfortable, productive and sustainable national spatial plan. The spatial plan on every level in Indonesia should refer and comply to this national plan. As a guidance for spatial development on provincial to local level, it determines the criteria and definition of an area.

4 Presidential Regulation No. 56 of 2014

The Spatial Plan of Nusa Tenggara Islands Region

This document regulates the spatial planning arrangement of the Nusa Tenggara Islands, consisting of Nusa Tenggara Barat and Nusa Tenggara Timur Provinces. The aim of Kepulauan Nusa Tenggara Spatial Plan is to promote a center for economic growth based on tourism, fisheries and marine sector, horticulture and plantations, food crop agriculture, forestry, mineral mining, and oil and gas that are competitive with sustainable principles. The strategy for tourism development is carried out by implementing ecotourism-based, cultural tourism and marine tourism as well as organizing meetings, incentive trips, conferences and exhibitions (MICE). Some informations that can be derived from this document are the spatial structure of NTB Province and spatial pattern of NTB Province.

5 Presidential Decree No 6 of 2017

Become a list for the outer islands in Indonesia. Gili Setapang or Sophia-louisa Island is also designated as one of the outer islands in Indonesia. It is located on the southern Lombok Island, right near the coastline of Selong Belanak

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Determinations of the outer island

6 Minister of Land Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency Regulation No 17 of 2017

Spatial planning Audit Guidelines

Become legal basis and also guidelines for the implementation of spatial planning audits that include:

• The basis of Spatial Audit; • The Spatial Audit stages • Preparation of reports on Spatial Audit results; • Follow-up to the results of the Spatial Audit • Confidentiality of Spatial Audit data and

information.

This minister regulation serves as an operational reference for the Central Government and local government to carry out Spatial Planning audits including in area development and management activities.


Nusa Tenggara Barat Province Spatial Plan of 2009-2029 (RTRW Provinsi NTB)

The spatial plan of Nusa Tenggara Barat Province is a twenty years plan from 2009 to 2029. It’s generally directs the functions of the planning area that put agribusiness and tourism as the leading sectors. This document is aimed to regulate the spatial arrangement across NTB Province, consist of two main islands, Lombok and Sumbawa Island.

8 Kota Mataram Regulation No. 12 of 2011

Kota Mataram Spatial Plan of 2011-2031 (RTRW Kota Mataram)

The spatial plan of Kota Mataram is a twenty years plan from 2011 to 2031. Information that can be derived from this document are city spatial structure policy and strategy, city spatial pattern, and city strategic area.

Related with the ITMP for Lombok Project, it is stated on this document that on the tourism sector, the city is aimed to develop MICE (Meeting, Incentive, Convention and Exhibition) tourism areas that are environmentally based, natural tourism areas, religious tourism areas, cultural tourism areas, culinary tourism areas, shopping tourism areas, and artificial tourism areas.

9 Kabupaten Lombok Utara Regulation No. 9 of 2011

Kabupaten Lombok Utara Spatial Plan of 2011-2031 (RTRW Kabupaten Lombok Utara)

The spatial planning of Kabupaten Lombok Utara is directed to the development of tourism, plantations and agro industries.

1. Regional Spatial Structure Policy and Strategy • Activity Centers • Transportation Network System • Other Infrastructure System

2. Regional Space Pattern • Protected Area • Cultivation Area

3. Strategic Area • The National Strategic Area (KSN): Gunung

Rinjani National Park Region • Provincial Strategic Area (KSP): Senggigi

Region, Tiga Gili • District Strategis Area (KSK): Pandan Mas

Strategic Area (based on the importance of the

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function and carrying capacity of the environment) and Sire - Medane Strategic Area (based on the benefit of economic growth)

10 Kabupaten Lombok Timur Regulation No. 2 of 2012

Kabupaten Lombok Timur Spatial Plan of 2012 – 2032 (RTRW Kabupaten Lombok Timur)

In this document, it is stated that the purpose of Kabupaten Lombok Timur spatial planning is to develop agro – industry, fisheries, marine and sustainable tourism while still taking into account the capacity and carrying capacity of the environment.

1. Regional Spatial Structure • Activity Centers • Main Transportation Network System

2. Regional Spatial Pattern

The spatial pattern of Kabupaten Lombok Timur is divided into designated protected areas and cultivation areas. One of the allotments in the cultivation area is the allotment of tourism. Tourism designation areas consist of the distribution of: • Natural Tourism • Cultural Tourism • Artificial Tourism Designation Areas

While for tourism development and management in the form of gilies, it is carried out in a limited manner by considering the provisions of conservation, preservation of existing habitats and biota.

11 Kabupaten Lombok Tengah Regulation No. 7 of 2011 about Regional Spatial Planning of 2011 – 2031 (RTRW Kabupaten Lombok Tengah)

In this document, it is stated that the purpose of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah spatial planning is to be the center and entrance to Lombok Island tourism which is supported by local culture, agriculture, maritime affairs and fisheries while still observing sustainable development and the environment.

1. Regional Spatial Pattern The spatial pattern consists of protected areas and cultivation areas. One of the allotments of the cultivation area is the tourism area. • Natural Tourism • Historical Tourism

o Traditional village in Kecamatan Pujut o Ancient Mosques in Kecamatan Pujut o Historic tombs in Kopang District, Central

Praya, Pujut, Janapria, Batukliang, East Praya, and Praya.

• Cultural Tourism o Earthenware crafts in Kecamatan Praya

Barat o Weaving crafts in Kecamatan Jonggat o Woven crafts in Kecamatan Praya Timur and

Kecamatan Janapria. • Artificial Tourism

o Special festivals spread throughout the kecamatan and agro-tourism in Kecamatan North Batukliang.

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In addition to the allotment of tourism which is also influential in the development of integrated tourism on Lombok Island there are also other allotment areas. Other intended designation areas consist of the central area of government and coastal areas and small islands, along with the distribution:

• Central government areas are directed at Praya Urban Area.

• Coastal areas and small islands include: coastal areas and small islands found in West Praya District, East Praya District and Pujut District.

2. Strategic Area

As for the district strategic area in Kabupaten Lombok Tengah from the point of view of Economic Growth Interest includes:

• Kuta beach and surrounding areas in Pujut District with leading tourism and industrial sectors.

• The Selong Belanak beach and surrounding areas in the District of West Praya and the Praya Barat Daya Subdistrict with the leading sectors of tourism and industry.

• Sade traditional village and surrounding areas in Pujut District with the leading tourism sector.

• Aik Meneng Agropolitan Area which includes North Batukliang Subdistrict, Kopang District and Janapria Sub-District with leading sectors of agro-industry, tourism and conservation.

12 Kabupaten Lombok Barat Regulation No. 11 of 2011 about Regional Spatial Planning of 2011 – 2031

(RTRW Kabupaten Lombok Barat)

The spatial planning of Kabupaten Lombok Barat aims to create regional space as an area of agro-industry and tourism development in order to improve regional competitiveness. One of the efforts to make it happen is the development of tourism areas that are based on natural and cultural potential and the development of regional infrastructure systems that support the marketing of agricultural products, tourism and other potential resources.

1. Regional Spatial Structure

The district space structure divides the direction of urban area planning into the central activity system and the main infrastructure network system. The direction of the centers of activity within the Kabupaten Lombok Barat spatial structure includes the following:

• Activity Centers • Main Transportation Network System

2. Regional Spatial Pattern

The spatial pattern that regulates tourism designation in the direction of the Kabupaten Lombok Barat cultivation area is determined in

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several locations, along with the distribution based on the classification of tourist types:

• Natural Tourism • Cultural Tourism • Artificial Tourism Designation Areas

3. Strategic Area of Kabupaten Lombok Barat

In addition to the designation of tourism there are also several classifications of strategic areas that enter the Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Whereas for the district strategic area consists of:

• Full control • Leading sectors of tourism • Leading sectors of agriculture and agro-tourism

Agropolitan Bee Sempage • Leading sectors of tourism and fisheries. • Lombok Arts and Culture Study and Inventory

Center with the leading sector of cultural tourism

13 Kabupaten Lombok Tengah Regulation No 7 of 2006 about Detailed Spatial Planning of Airport Area Lombok Baru Kabupaten Lombok Tengah

(RDTR Kawasan Bandar Udara Lombok Baru Kabupaten Lombok Tengah)

RDTR Kawasan Bandar Udara Lombok Baru is a spatial planning policy to guide the development of the new airport area and it’s surrounding. This plan covers the area of 12.144,6 ha. The planning area is covering 31 area in Lombok Tengah.

14 Regional Spatial Planning for Kecamatan

Relevant RTRW on Kecamatan level is not available in Lombok Island.

15 Detailed Spatial Planning Kecamatan/Area/City

Supported documents are not available. This section will be added if the documents available

The above spatial planning documents ranging from national to regional scale are used as a legal reference regarding future spatial planning including protected and non-protected areas in order that the ITMP for Lombok is in alignment with land use and strategic plans. Each of Kabupaten and Kota’s visions is mentioned in RTRW, so the tourism development plan will not deviate from them. However, since these documents are concerned with the overall aspects of developments, the tourism aspects are often only briefly a dealt with especially in relation to tourism destination development in each Kabupaten/Kota. Based on this level of discussion, there is a need to look deeper into policies regarding tourism such as RIPPARNAS and RIPPARDA to better understand the tourism dimensions in each Kabupaten and Kota of Lombok Island. The above spatial planning documents also have not been adjusted with the recent earthquake that hit Lombok on August 2018. Therefore, the ITMP for Lombok formulation is required to refer to these documents and enrich the analysis with the latest information regarding the earthquake and disaster mitigation.

2.2.3. Tourism Policy Documents

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In this subchapter, there will be an analysis of the tourism policy documents. This integrated analysis will create a tourism policy framework that will help on the understanding of the existing tourism master plan (i.e., RIPPARNAS and RIPPARDA) and the other policy that can be used as the reference on the ITMP for Lombok preparation.

Table 9 List of Tourism Policy


1 Law No. 10 of 2009

Tourism

Amendment of Law No. 9 of 1990

This law is a substitute for the Law No. 9 of 1990 regarding Tourism. The former Law is no longer in line with the demands and development of tourism. Therefore it needs to be replaced with this new one, Law No. 10 of 2009.

This law is the basis for preparing tourism development plans at various levels. According to Article 8 and Article 9 of this Law, tourism development is carried out based on a tourism development master plan consists of:

The National Tourism Development Master Plan, which will then be outlined in Government Regulations (RIPPARNAS)

Provincial Tourism Development Master Plan, which will then be included in the Provincial Regulation. (Provincial RIPPARDA)

District / City Tourism Development Master Plan, which will then be included in the District / City Regulation (Local RIPPARDA).

This Law stated that tourism, that contains the nation’s natural conditions, ancient relics, and history, art and culture are strategic development assets to increase the nation’s prosperity and welfare. Therefore, tourism can be seen as an integral part of national development carried out in a systematic, planned, integrated, sustainable and responsible while still protecting religious values, living cultures in society, preservation and environmental quality and national interests. This Law contains the general objectives of tourism development also the scope of tourism development itself, which are:

• Tourism Industry • Tourism Destination • Tourism Promotion • Tourism Institution

This law also states the selection principle of Tourism Strategic Area. Tourism Strategic Area (Kawasan Strategis Pariwisata) is an area that has the main function of tourism or has the potential for tourism development which has an important influence in one or more aspects, such as economics, social and cultural growth, empowerment of natural resources, environmental carrying capacity and defense and security.

2 Government Regulation No. 50 of 2011

National Tourism Development Master Plan period of 2010 – 2025

This regulation is derivative from the Law No.10 of 2009 on Tourism. This government regulation provides the guidance of the National Tourism Development Master Plan (RIPPARNAS) period of 2010 – 2015. It has the vision of national tourism development that is:

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Rencana Induk Pembangunan Kepariwisataan Nasional (RIPPARNAS) tahun 2010-2025*

“The realization of Indonesia as a world-class tourism destination, competitive, sustainable, able to encourage regional development and people’s welfare.”

Along with the mission, objectives, goals of strategic tourism targets until 2025. The indicators of the goals are:

1. Foreign Tourist Visit (million) 2. Domestic Tourist Visit (million) 3. Foreign Exchange Earnings (US$ billion) 4. Foreign Tourist Expenditure (trillion) 5. Tourism GDP (%)

Related with the development of tourism in Lombok, this regulation explained the area classification as the priority target of tourism development:

• National Tourism Area (DPN) • DPN Lombok

• National Tourism Development Area (KPPN) • KPPN Mataram Kota and its surrounding • KPPN Praya – Sade and its surrounding

• National Tourism Strategic Area (KSPN) • KSPN Rinjani and its surrounding • KSPN Gili Tramena and its surrounding • KSPN Pantai Selatan and its surrounding

At the end of this document, there is a list of indication programs along with its policy direction for tourism development.

3. Presidential Decree No 22 of 2011

Indonesia Tourism Promotion Agency

This regulation is for legal basis formation of Tourism Promotion Agency in Indonesia with activities as a tourism promotion coordinator by the private sector as well as working partners of the central government and regional governments. The establishment of this agency functions so that the duties of the relevant ministries, regional governments and private sectors can be more directed. The duties of this agency include:

• Improve the image of tourism in Indonesia • Increase tourist arrivals and foreign exchange

earnings • Increase the coverage of domestic tourists and

spending • Gathering funding from other than the APBN and

APBD in accordance with statutory provisions • Conduct research in the context of business

development and tourism business.

4 Presidential Decree No 46 of 2014

Special Economic Zone Council in NTB Province

It functions to form a council in the province of NTB that runs special economic zones (KEK) and is responsible to the council of special economic zones at the central level. With this council, the functions for managing KEK are getting better.

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5 Minister of Tourism Republic of Indonesia Regulation No. 14 of 2016

National Sustainable Destination Standard

(Pedoman Destinasi Pariwisata Berkelanjutan)

This is a regulation by Ministry of Tourism to guide the implementation of sustainable tourism in Indonesia. This regulation is in accordance with the indicators of The United Nation World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) and has obtained a recognition from the Global Sustainable Tourism Council (GSTC). The scope of the guidelines for Sustainable Tourism Destination include:

• Management of sustainable tourism destinations; • Economic use for local communities; • Cultural preservation for the community and visitors; • Environmental Conservation;

6 Nusa Tenggara Barat Provincial Regulation No. 7 of 2013

Regional Tourism Development Master Plan of NTB Province period of 2013 - 2028

Rencana Induk Pembangunan Kepariwisataan Daerah Provinsi NTB (RIPPARDA) tahun 2013 - 2028

This Regional Tourism Development Master Plan (RIPPARDA) regulation is based on the Government Regulation No. 50 of 2011 regarding RIPPARNAS. In this policy, it is mentioned that NTB province’s tourism vision is:

"The realization of West Nusa Tenggara as a leading Tourism Destination in Indonesia with International Competitiveness".

The vision is followed by related mission, objectives, goals and the area classification as the priority target of tourism development namely:

• Regional Tourism Strategic Area (KSPD) • KSPD Mataram and its surrounding • KSPD Sengggi and its surrounding • KSPD Kuta Mandalika and its surrounding • KSPD Rasimas – Sembalun and its surrounding

Similar with RIPPARNAS, the realization of NTB province’s tourism vision executed through a phased indication program. This regulation then becomes a policy reference for each Kabupaten’s RIPPARDA.

7 Regional Tourism Development Master Plan of Kota Mataram

Rencana Induk Pembangunan Kepariwisataan Daerah Kota Mataram (RIPPARDA)

RIPPARDA Kota Mataram is the guidance of tourism development in Kota Mataram. This regulation refers to the RIPPARDA of NTB Province as the broader regulation. However, this tourism master plan is not only refers to RIPPARDA on the higher level, but it also refers to its own City Spatial Plan (RTRW) and City Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN). The theme of tourism development based on this document is:

"The Kota Mataram is an advanced MICE tourist destination and religious-based culture and local wisdom, competitive and sustainable for the welfare of the people of Mataram."

In this document it is not clearly stated the vision and mission explicitly. However, it contains the objectives, goals and, tourism area classification for tourism development. The area itselves are classified based on the type of tourism such as:

• Beach Tourism • Commercial Tourism • Cultural Tourism • Religious Tourism

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• Man-made Tourism • Culinary Tourism • Environment-based MICE Tourism

8 Regional Tourism Development Master Plan of Kabupaten Lombok Utara period of 2016 - 2031

Rencana Induk Pembangunan Kepariwisataan Daerah Kabupaten Lombok Utara (RIPPARDA) tahun 2016 - 2031

This regulation is the guidance of tourism development in Kabupaten Lombok Utara. This document refers to RIPPARDA of NTB Province 2013-2028. According to the document, the vision of tourism development in Kabupaten Lombok Utara is:

"Kabupaten Lombok Utara is a tourism destination based on nature and culture, which is competitive and sustainable."

This vision is followed by missions and goals. However, as we review the document, it is found that the goals of the tourism development are written in descriptive points without a specific and measured goals. The goals of the tourism development in Kabupaten Lombok Utara are:

• The quality and quantity of tourism areas which is able to attract and increase number of tourist and income,

• Effective and efficient communication of the tourism areas,

• Tourism Industry that can drive the regional economy through increased investment,

• Development of Tourism Agencies.

This document also indentify the the Local Tourism Strategic Area (Kawasan Strategis Pariwisata Daerah-KSPD). The area classification of tourism development is differentiate based on the type of tourism itself.

9 Regional Tourism Development Master Plan of Kabupaten Lombok Timur period of 2012 - 2032

Rencana Induk Pembangunan Kepariwisataan Daerah Kabupaten Lombok Timur (RIPPDA) tahun 2012 - 2032

This regulation is the guidance of tourism development in Kabupaten Lombok Timur. The vision of tourism in Kabupaten Lombok Timur is inseparable from the development goals of Kabupaten Lombok Timur’s Spatial Plan (RTRW) of 2012-2032. Based on that goal, the vision of tourism in Kabupaten Lombok Timur is:

"The realization of the development of sustainability tourism as a main sector driving the regional economy is based on the potential of natural and local culture by considering the carrying capacity and capacity of the environment".

Similar to Kabupaten Lombok Utara’s goals, this regulation stated descriptive goals of tourism development in Kabupaten Lombok Timur without exact number and timeline.

The indication programs listed in RIPPDA Kabupaten Lombok Timur are already in line with the current Kabupaten Local Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMD).

Walter Jamieson

You can include this if you want. More specific and measurable. For exampe Mynamar plan in based on these principles

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10 Regional Tourism Development Master Plan of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah of 2016 - 2021

Rencana Induk Pembangunan Kepariwisataan Daerah Kabupaten Lombok Tengah (RIPPDA) tahun 2016 - 2021

This regulation is the guidance of tourism development in Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. This document that is launched on 2016 contains the main vision of tourism development in Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, that is:

"The realization of Lombok Tengah tourism that is competitive, sustainable, has a national strategic position, is able to improve regional development and community welfare".

The mission is reffered to the main pillars of tourism destination which is written in RIPPARNAS (Tourism Industry, Tourism Destination, Tourism Marketing, Tourism Institution). The goals of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah tourism development is summarized into the increament of tourist attraction, which is contains several sub goals:

1. The availability of adequate tourism facilities and infrastructure

2. The implementation of interesting tourism cultural events

3. Realization of tourism – awareness society

This document explains the classification of tourism zones in Kabupaten Lombok Tengah based on their potential and characteristic. Based on this document, Kabupaten Lombok Tengah is divided into three zones that is North Zone (Water-based tourism and villages), Central Zone (Craft-based tourism and culture), and South Zone (Coastal-based tourism).

The indication programs are extracted from another related document called RENSTRA or Strategic Plan of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah 2016-2021. The action programs of this plan are grouped into 2 types of objectives:

1. Increasing Tourist Attraction 2. Increasing Tourism Conductivity

11 Regional Tourism Development Master Plan of Kabupaten Lombok Barat period of 2016 - 2030

Rencana Induk Pembangunan Kepariwisataan Daerah Kabupaten Lombok Barat (RIPPARDA) tahun 2016 - 2030

This regulation is the guidance of tourism development in Kabupaten Lombok Barat. The vision of Kabupaten Lombok Barat is referring to the RIPPARDA NTB Province’s vision regarding tourism development. However, the objectives of tourism development are quite elaborated:

1. Improve regional economic growth; 2. Improve community welfare; 3. Reducing poverty; 4. Overcoming unemployment; 5. Preserving nature, environment, and resources; 6. Promote culture and develop halal tourism; 7. Lifting the image of regions and nations; 8. Cultivating the love of the country;

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9. Strengthening regional identity and national unity; and

10. Strengthen friendship between regions and between nations.

Based on this document, Kabupaten Lombok Barat is divided into three Local Tourism Strategic Area (KSPD):

• KSPD Lingsar, Narmada and its surrounding • KSPD Senggigi and its surrounding • KSPD Sekotong and its surrounding

The indication programs of RIPPARDA Lombok Barat are divided into 2 stages. Each stage applied for 5 years to make sure they are in line with the phasing plan in RPJMD of Kabupaten Lombok Barat.

12 Nusa Tenggara Barat Provincial Regulation No. 2 of 2016

Halal Tourism Policy

Peraturan Wisata Halal

This document of Province Nusa Tenggara Barat Regulation No. 2 of 2016 regarding Halal Tourism explains the position, purpose, and principle of halal tourism application in NTB Province. This document aimed to provide security and convenience of services to tourists in order to enjoy their visit safely, lawfully and also obtain convenience for tourists and managers in tourism activities.

The objectives of Halal Tourism arrangements are as guidance for tourism practitioners in providing Halal Tourism services to visitors.

This halal tourism regulation provides the following aspects of halal tourism:

a. Halal Tourism Destination; b. Halal Tourism Marketing and Promotion; c. Halal Tourism Industry; d. Halal Tourism Institution; e. Guidance and Supervision; and f. Funding.

In the implementation, the Regional Government is obliged to conduct guidance involving the DSN-MUI (Indonesian Islamic Religious Board-National Standardization Council). Coaching is carried out in the form of socialization, stimulation and guidance and training. In addition to coaching, the Regional Government also supervises halal tourism management in the form of monitoring and evaluation. In this regulation, it is also stated a list of actions towards the stakeholders who violate the provisions of the rules.

13 Detailed Master Plan of KSPN Gili Senggigi and its Surrounding 2016

Rencana Induk Rencana Detail (RIRD) KSPN Gili Sengigi dan sekitarnya tahun 2016

The RIRD document is a Master Plan of the KSPN issued by Tourism Office of NTB Province. This document is formulated referring to Law No. 10 of 2009 which is explained before. According to this document, it is mentioned that the vision of KSPN Gili Senggigi and its surrounding is:

“KSPN Gili-Tramena and its surroundings is a strategic tourism destination with a strong

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environmental conservation ethic and while optimizing the use of competitive tourism.”

The document also completed by strategic issue analysis, the specific issues mentioned in this document which is happening in KSPN Gili Senggigi and its surrounding is:

• Beach waste reach • Visitor contribution to the local economy

The outputs of this document are in the form of :

• Road Map; • Master Plan • Detailed Plan

14 Detailed Master Plan of KSPN Southern Coast of Lombok and its Surrounding

Rencana Induk Rencana Detail (RIRD) KSPN Pantai Lombok Selatan dan sekitarnya

The RIRD document is a Master Plan of the KSPN Southern Coast of Lombok and its Surrounding. This document was issued by Tourism Office of NTB Province. This document is formulated referring to Law No. 10 of 2009, RIPPARNAS, and RIPPARDAs. According to this document, it is mentioned that the vision of KSPN Southern Coast of Lombok and its surrounding is:

“The Development of the Southern Coast of Lombok is a Mainstay of Lombok Tourism and a key driver Drivers of Regional Economic Development Based on the Potential of Nature and Local Culture”

Followed by the missions and similar to RIRD KSPN Gili Senggigi, this document also states the strategic issues of KSPN Pantai Lombok Selatan, which is:

• Lack of Community Understanding of Tourism • Lack of Arrangement and Security of Tourism

Objects

The output of this document is in the form of:


15 Detailed Master Plan of KSPN Rinjani and its Surrounding

Rencana Induk Rencana Detail (RIRD) KSPN Rinjani dan sekitarnya

This RIRD contains vision and mission plan of KSPN Rinjani along with its development map. Even though it is oriented towards international competitiveness, this document has not yet discussed regarding the discourse of increasing Geopark Rinjani status into part of the Global Geopark. The objective of this document is:

“The development of the Lombok Rinjani KSPN as a Sustainable and Internationally Competitive destination.”

This document underlined the strategic issues of KSPN Rinjani:

• Environmental Pollution • Less Maintained Tourism Objects

Kuncoro, Aryo Hendrawan Wisnu

Di comment sudah Done: RTRWN masih menggunakan PP lama, perbaharui menjadi PP No. 13 Tahun 2017 tentang RTRWN. Ini sebelumnya masih pakai PP lama.

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• Lack of Promotion • Lack of Alternative Destination • Halal Tourism Potential that has not been Optimized

The output of this document is in the form of:


16 Presidential Decree No. 46 of 2014 regarding Regional Board of Special Economic Zone Nusa Tenggara Barat Province

Keputusan Presiden No. 46 tahun 2014 mengenai Dewan Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat

This decree is a legal base to establish a regional board of special economic zones. This decree then followed up with the following regulation that explains further regarding special economic zones such as Government regulation of Mandalika KEK. It is stated that the governor of Nusa Tenggara Barat as Head of Regional Board and Lombok Tengah regent as vice of Regional Board KEK.

17 Government Regulation No.52 of 2014 regarding Special Economic Zone of Mandalika

Peraturan Pemerintah RI No.52 tahun 2014 mengenai Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus Mandalika

It is stated in this regulation that Mandalika area has geo-economics and geostrategic potential and excellence. Based on its existing potentials, PT. Pengembangan Pariwisata Bali (Persero) proposed the establishment of Special Economic Zone (KEK) in Mandalika. The area and boundary of Mandalika KEK are explained in this regulation as well as the proposed zoning which is tourism.

2.2.3.1. Document Relationship to ITMP for Lombok

The above tourism policies and plan those are relevant to the ITMP for Lombok Project are set of policy documents those can be enhanced and expanded based on additional events, global and regional developments. The objective of this analysis is to help determine how the master plan can be updated in line with the mandate of the ITMP for Lombok Project.

It is important into take into account that these plans were approved more than five years ago (especially RIPPARDA Provinsi NTB 2013-2028) and as with any plan implementation after five years period there would be a requirement for an assessment and adjustment in any case. The plan also must be assessed in light of newly emerging forces and trends on local, regional, or international level.

Besides the need to asses and adjust the existing policies and plan, the other analysis on the existing tourism policies and plans are:

• There is no specific tourism planning policy on Lombok Island level. The available documents focus either on the provincial level or kota/kabupaten level. Therefore, a synthesis is needed to combine the separate Tourism Development Master Plan into a Lombok Island master plan.

• The existing tourism plans, or policies have not included disaster mitigation especially for Lombok that was hit by earthquakes on August 2018. A review of the tourism plan that must include the disaster mitigation measures is needed. The issue of safety and security as they relate to earthquake and tsunami must be a major issue in the overall planning and positioning of the destination as well as in the branding and positioning of Lombok.

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• Some RIPPARDA mention a specific target(s) of tourism development while in some cases there is no discussion of targets. Well-developed targets/metrics ae necessary will make the tourism development measurable and implementable. A measured target is needed to be formulated as a guidance of the tourism development.

• Some RIPPARDA mention a specific target(s) of tourism development while in some cases there is no discussion of targets. Well-developed targets/metrics ae necessary in order to ensure that success or failure can be assessed.

• Given the rapidly changing nature of the international tourism market global trends and forces need to be addressed and incorporated into any new tourism plans or policies.

• It is recognized that infrastructure is a key enabler for sustainable tourism development and needs to be integrated into the overall tourism planning and policy context.

• Some of the RIPPARDA documents have complete SWOT analysis and identify strategic issues (RIPPARDA Kabupaten Lombok Tengah and Lombok Timur). This analysis is essential helping to better understand the situation in each study area and the rationale behind specific plans and policies.

• Specific monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to assess success and failure are not fully discussed. It is recognized that without specific metrics and indicators it will be hard to determine how well the implementation of the ITMP is doing.

• Responsible Stakeholder There is no discussion and definition of specific responsibilities for each of the stakeholders particularly in determining who will be responsible for implementation.

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Figure 13 The Flowchart of RIPPARDA Formulation

Source: Analysis

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2.2.3.2. Tourism Policies Gap Analysis

Based on the above documents, a summary is formulated to identify the gap and opportunity to synchronize the existing regulations of different documents.

Table 10 Tourism Policies Gap Analysis

No. Tourism

Development Tools

RIPPARDA NTB Province

RIPPARDA Kota Mataram

RIPPARDA Lombok Utara

RIPPARDA Lombok Timur

RIPPARDA Lombok Tengah

RIPPARDA Lombok Barat

1. Legal Basis v v v v v v

2. Vision “The realization of Nusa Tenggara Barat as a leading Tourism Destination in Indonesia with International Competitiveness".

“The Kota Mataram is an advanced MICE tourist destination and religious-based culture and local wisdom, competitive and sustainable for the welfare of the people of Mataram."

“Kabupaten Lombok Utara is a tourism destination based on nature and culture, which is competitive and sustainable."

“The realization of the development of sustainability tourism as a main sector driving the regional economy is based on the potential of natural and local culture by considering the carrying capacity and capacity of the environment".

“The realization of Lombok Tengah tourism that is competitive, sustainable, has a national strategic position, is able to improve regional development and community welfare".

x

3. Mission v v v v v v

4. Objectives v v x x v x

5. Goals • Number of Foreign and Domestic visitor (people)

• Foreign and Domestic Tourist’s Length of Stay (day)

• Foreign and Domestic

x • The increment of the quality and quantity of tourism areas

• The communication of the tourism

• The realization of the Tourism Industry

• The optimal management of all leading tourist objects

• Manage, develop, preserve and revitalize cultural values as well as historical sites or cultural heritage.

• Number of Foreign and Domestic Tourist (people)


• Number of certified tourism workers

• Number of tourism events held

• Number of Foreign and Domestic Tourist (people)


• Foreign and Domestic

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No. Tourism Development Tools







Tourists Expenses (US $)

• GDRP (%) Trade, Hotels and Restaurants

• The creation of the development of Tourism Agencies and governance systems

• Developing arts and culture

• Develop supporting facilities and infrastructure for tourism

• Improving Human Resources in the field of tourism.

• Involve the community and tourism business actors

• Optimizing the promotion and marketing of tourist objects and attractions

Tourists Expenses (US $)

• GDP (%) Trade, Hotels and Restaurants

6. Issue Analysis x • Lack of Tourism Infrastructure

• Lack of professional tourism workforce;

• Tourism management system that is still not integrated;

• Weak management systems that include local communities in tourism activities; and

• Local security issues (crime) are still high.

x • Tourism Products and Attractions

• Facilities • Market and

Promotion • Human Resources

• Accessibility • Weak of Tourism

Product Development & Innovation

• Tourism Product Stagnation

• Limitations on Government Budgets

• Decreased carrying capacity and quality of the tourism object / area

• Low Quality of Tourism Supporting

x

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No. Tourism Development Tools







Facilities and Infrastructure

• Tourism Investment Border

• Socio-Cultural Issues

• The Impact of Tourism Development is not fully absorbed by Local Communities

• Environmental Issue • Limited Human

Resources and Institutions in Tourism

• Weak Central and Regional Coordination and Cooperation

• The role of Institutions and weak coordination between Institutions.

7. Program Indication

v v v v v v

8. Halal Tourism x Mentioned x x Mentioned Mentioned

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Conclusion

Tourism development visions are only presented in RIPPARDA NTB Province, Kabupaten Lombok Utara, Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, and Kabupaten Lombok Timur. RIPPARDA Kota Mataram and Kabupaten Lombok Barat do not put forward a tourism development vision and direction. This must be done since a tourism development vision is essential in determining destination character, positioning, and will set the overall tone of the tourism development in each region.

The same situation is also found in list of goals and indication program with only some of documents including detailed and measured goals taking into account. development stages of between five to fifteen years. This phasing strategy is a vital part of a plan to make the plan implementable. However, some documents only include general descriptive goals. This makes it difficult to implement the tourism development goals and to make a new integrated goal between Kabupaten and Kota tourism development.

The Halal Tourism Policy in Lombok is a legal base containing basic regulation regarding Halal Tourism operation, it is established due to Lombok’s achievement in Halal Tourism Award. However, the regulation not explain specific strategic action to develop tourism in “halal” direction. The role of stakeholder also not explained clearly regarding their job description and their authority.

The Special Economic Zone (Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus) regulation stated that Mandalika is one of 4 (four) tourism special economic zone in Indonesia, this will give an opportunity to Mandalika area to obtain ease of investment, ease of infrastructure and fiscal/non-fiscal facilities as investment attractiveness. However, this also could be a threat due to Mandalika’s carrying capacity and its impact to surrounding.

2.2.3.3. Delineation of Tourism Focus Area

The tourism development master plans have their own map and delineation of the study area called National Strategic Tourism Area. There are two strategic area delineations, first is the National Strategic Tourism Areas (KSPN) as stated in RIPPARNAS, and the other is Regional Strategic Tourism Areas (KSPD) as stated in RIPPARDA. However, the delineation is not aligned properly between each level of regulation. In this case we tried to compare the delineation of KSPD and KSPN from RIPPARNAS, RIRD and RIPPARDA document. This difference of delineation might cause several implications:

1. Misinterpretation of non-governmental stakeholder regarding the size and location of Strategic Tourism Areas. This could be an issue or challenge for them to planning an investment or development plan.

2. Discoordination of government institution both national and regional to set their development area authority. This could lead to area that is missed to be developed by the government.

3. Unsuitable tourism development with the area character and carrying capacity. For instance, the area that should be treated as national strategic tourism area (KSPN) is under maintained and missed from national tourism government institution.

The differences delineation of strategic tourism area are shown on below diagram:

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OVERLAY

Figure 14 The Comparison of Different Strategic Tourism Area Delineation

2.2.3.4. Lombok Related Tourism Documents

Beside the requirement to refer to the existing tourism policies and plans related with the formulation of ITMP for Lombok, there are several tourism related documents already carried out that specifically discuss the Lombok Tourism. To make the ITMP for Lombok plan more integrated and elaborate, a better analysis and understanding of the existing tourism documents is needed. Below are the list of documents that need to be reviewed:

KSPN from RIPPARNAS KSPN from RIRD KSPD from RIPPARDA

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Table 11 List of Lombok Related Tourism Documents

No. Regulations Authority Summary

1 UNESCO Global Geopark Rinjani-Lombok

Rencana Induk Kawasan Geopark Rinjani - Lombok

UNESCO – BAPPEDA (Local Planning Authority of NTB Province)

This document comprises of general overview of Rinjani area, tourism development strategies and its relevance to ITMP for Lombok.

1. General Overview • The main goal of Rinjani-Lombok

Geopark development is based on aspects of conservation, education, and sustainable development. The vision of Geopark Rinjani-Lombok are as follows:

“The realization of the Rinjani-Lombok Geopark which is internationally competitive, conservation, educative, and enhancing the economic growth of the local community”

• According to the explanation of UNESCO, the main elements in Geopark are divided into three elements: Geodiversity, Biodiversity and Cultural University.

2. Tourism Development Strategies • It is stated a list of stakeholders with an

interest in the Geopark Rinjani-Lombok and its roles to develop are: a. The Government b. Private c. Local People d. Conservation Aspects

3. Tourism Relevance to ITMP for Lombok

• Basically, the existence of the Rinjani Geopark area is still in line with the direction of integrated tourism development in Lombok Island. The goals and objectives of Geopark are to protect geodiversity and conduct environmental conservation, education, and geography widely. It is an appeal that there needs to be a clear direction and limits in the utilization of the locations of the Rinjani Geopark site for tourism objects. Rinjani Geopark itself can be used as a new icon of Indonesian tourism based on community and conservation so that it can attract more tourists to visit.

2 Sustainable Regional Economic Growth and Investment

National Planning Authority, Ministry of Tourism, and GIZ

This document explains about the SREGIP program. SREGIP is a Germany-Indonesian collaboration program between BAPPENAS and GIZ (on behalf of the German Federal Ministry) in the economic and development sector. SREGIP began in 2015 and has a period of 2.5 years.

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Program (SREGIP)

SREGIP is a continuation of the government's collaboration program with GIZ before, namely "The Regional Economic Development Program" (RED) in 2004-2014.

There are 3 basic principles stated by SREGIP:

1. Work with the private sector to include small farmers and producers in the market

2. Scalability and replicability 3. Cooperating with Indonesian Public

Partners in creating a favorable political environment

Under SREGIP, there are 3 sustainable tourism initiative programs to support the development of the island of Lombok towards a competitive, sustainable and culturally based tourism destination;

1. Sustainable Tourism Master Plan for Lombok (STMP)

2. Desa Wisata Hijau (Green Tourism Village) 3. Standar nasional Destinasi Wisata

Berkelanjutan (National Standard for Sustanable Tourism Destination)

4. Campus Training and Education

3 Sustainable Tourism Master Plan for Lombok (STMP)


STMP is a document that is arranged to become a guideline for development of sustainable tourism. The program starts as a Green Tourism Initiative collaboration between Kementerian Pariwisata RI and GIZ. The goals of STMP are:

• Enhancement of goals and the main direction of industry, community and government in every sector.

• Development of a strategy to achieve the main goal and determination of institutional right.

• Giving a foundation to govern the implementation of priority areas and determination of a right methods for supervision.

• Giving a framework that is accepted for a long-term sustainable tourism development in Lombok.

STMP document also contains SWOT analysis regarding Lombok tourism, from this analysis it is concluded the primary challenge for Lombok is a safety issue. Beside safety, there are still problems related to environment that experienced by a region such as excess use of water, waste management, deforestation and natural disasters.

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In STMP document, it is highlighted that the stakeholders of Lombok Tourism agreed on this vision below:

“Lombok as a natural tourism destination based on culture and natural resources which is competitive and sustainable.”

The action plan listed in this document does not far from the participation of local civilian, community leaders and religious leaders to build the awareness for sustainable development.

4 Green Tourism Village

Desa Wisata Hijau


Green Tourism Village (Desa Wisata Hijau) is a tourism concept that aims at sustainable development which involves three aspects that are interconnected with each other, namely; environmental, economic and socio-cultural aspects. The concept of Green Tourism Village can be reffered as new generaton of tourism village or defined as:

"The development of a tourism village based on a model of empowering local communities with the main products referring to the principles of the preservation of the natural, economic and social also local cultures."

It is written that the main objectives of the development of Green Tourism Village is to change the mindset of development from “Greedy Tourism to Green Tourism”.

In this document, it is listed the relevant stakeholders and their roles in realizing Green Tourism Village concept. In addition, this document also stated the main components of Green Tourism Village concept which is related to the main pillars of tourism development stated in RIPPARNAS:

The above Lombok tourism related documents are a very good start for ITMP for Lombok formulation. The ITMP for Lombok project can put the existing documents as the starting point to have a better understanding on the issues and strategies already formulated or implemented. However, the documents above do not have a legal force that made these documents quite difficult to be implemented.

2.2.3.5. International Tourism Policy

As an international tourism destination, the formulation of ITMP for Lombok needs to refer to the international and regional tourism plan and policy. The intention of this activity is to make the ITMP for Lombok not just locally but internationally recognized. The policies that need to be referred by the ITMP for Lombok are discussed on below table:

Walter Jamieson

Not sure what this is

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Table 12 List of Related International Tourism Policy

No. Regulations Author Summary

1 UNWTO - Sustainable Tourism Observatory (STO)

UNWTO International Network of Sustainable Tourism Observatories (INSTO)

STO is a program to implement the concept of sustainable tourism in the destination area through constant, regular and timely monitoring effort with involving several stakeholders. The program provides companions for tourist destinations and provides benefits to local communities. Indonesia had 5 STO that already members of INSTO and one of them is in Sesaot, Lombok.

The ministry of tourism in Indonesia pointed 5 higher education institutions as an expert in the research body to help monitoring the economy, environmental and social impacts of tourism in the destination. 3 out of 5 institutions have been recognized by INSTO as Monitoring Center for the 5 STO. Indonesia also establishes Wonderful Indonesia Network Sustainable Tourism Observatory (WINSTO) as a part of INSTO to become the facilitator for the Monitoring Center.

2 UNWTO - Sustainable Tourism for Development Guidebook, enhancing capacities for Sustainable Tourism for development in developing countries

UNWTO and European Commission (EC)

The aim of this study is to improve the understanding and commitment about Sustainable Tourism, and to demonstrate that Sustainable Tourism can be a tool to foster economic and social growth while also minimizing the negative impacts of social, cultural and environmental.

The document is made up of 3 parts:

1. Guidance Note

Describing the meaning, requirements and contribution of sustainable tourism

2. Methodology

Process of assessing priorities and challenges that is framed around five pillars:

• Tourism policy and governance

• Economic performance, investment and competitiveness

• Employment, decent work and human capital

• Poverty reduction and social inclusion

• Sustainability of the natural and cultural environment

3. Situation Analysis

Background information on the relationship between tourism and development

3 UNWTO - Global Code of Ethics for Tourism (GCET)

World Committee on Tourism Ethics (WCTE)

GCET is a set of principles to guide stakeholders in responsible and sustainable tourism development. The aim is to help maximize tourism benefits while minimizing the negative impact on the environment, cultural heritage and the local people. There are 10 principles that covers economic, social, cultural and environmental components of travel and tourism:

1. Tourism's contribution to mutual understanding and respect between peoples and societies

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2. Tourism as a vehicle for individual and collective fulfilment

3. Tourism, a factor of sustainable development

4. Tourism, a user of the cultural heritage of mankind and contributor to its enhancement

5. Tourism, a beneficial activity for host countries and communities

6. Obligations of stakeholders in tourism development

7. Right to tourism

8. Liberty of tourist movements

9. Rights of the workers and entrepreneurs in the tourism industry

10. Implementation of the principles of the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism

5 Global Sustainable Tourism Council Criteria

Global Sustainable Tourism Council

The Global Sustainable Tourism Council (GSTC) is a global tourism council that establishes and manages sustainable standards known as GSTC Criteria. The criteria are divided into 2 parts, which are: Destination Criteria and Industry Criteria. The two criteria are basic guidelines and minimum requirements that must be achieved by each business or tourism destination to protect and maintain natural and cultural resources, while ensuring the tourism sector in the area can fulfil its potential as a medium for conservation and poverty alleviation. The tourist destinations of each region have different cultures, environments, customs and laws, so the GSTC criteria are designed to be flexible so that they can be adapted to local conditions and are also equipped with additional criteria for specific locations and activities. The GSTC criteria provide a comprehensive definition of sustainable travel and tourism based on four important pillars, which are:

1. Sustainable management

2. Socioeconomic impacts

3. Cultural Impacts

4. Environmental impacts (including consumption of resources, reducing pollution, and conserving biodiversity and landscapes)

The Ministry of Tourism Indonesia has adapted the GSTC Criteria to make National Sustainable Destination Standards as a guide for tourism destinations to become a Sustainable Tourism Destinations (STD).

6 ASEAN Tourism Strategy 2016-2025

The ASEAN Tourism Ministers

ATS document contains a direction for the development of tourism in ASEAN countries. It has reviewed the potential and opportunities of tourism attractions so that there will be directions and strategies to further increase tourism capacity of ASEAN countries.

The strategy concept to increase ASEAN competitiveness tourism is an improvement in several aspects including:

• Marketing

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• Product Development • Investment • Quality Tourism • Human Resource Development • Connectivity and Infrastructure • Travel Facilitation • Safety, Security and Protection of Assets • Environment and Climate Change

Based on various strategies that have been produced, Indonesia as part of ASEAN can also adopt these strategies in an effort to increase the number of tourist visits while increasing tourism development in Indonesia.

For now, Indonesia has reformed and carried out deregulation of permits so as to facilitate the process of entering investment, especially in the tourism sector. Indonesia has also sought to implement and expand connectivity and destination infrastructure, especially in special tourism areas. So that several other strategies can be implemented together.

7 ASEAN Tourism Marketing Strategy 2017-2020

The ASEAN Tourism Ministers

ATMS is a document which collects and concludes various kinds of marketing strategies that not only have an impact on the development of tourism, but also have an impact on ASEAN broadly. The ATMS is composed of the many potentials of tourism in the Southeast Asia region and must be developed with principles of:

• Innovation • Creativity • Transparency • Mutual-respect, and • Responsible development.

The ATMS will function as a reference in tourism development in each ASEAN country that can adopt several strategies that are suitable for tourism marketing.

Based on the study and analysis there are several things that are the objectives of tourism marketing activities in ASEAN which can also be replicated and applied to Indonesian tourism activities. These objectives include promotion, education, highlight, inspire, engage, and encourage.

To achieve these objectives, other strategies are needed that can be implemented and also in line with marketing activities carried out in ASEAN, namely:

From various tourism marketing strategies, those must be adopted and implemented by various tourism policies in Indonesia. This document is also the basis for the development of planning and marketing strategies in each region that are still based on tourism potential. This is also included to

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harmonize marketing activities in ASEAN with those carried out in Indonesia.

The above documents ranging from international to South East Asia region is good to be used as the reference for Lombok because of the above documents are the internationally recognized development manual for tourism. The South East Asia Tourism Strategy is also required to be referred because the South East Asia itself is a potential market we probably need to put the attention to. This is supported by the good flight connectivity and visa policy.

2.2.4. Infrastructure Plan and Policy

2.2.4.1. Transportation Plan and Policy

Related with the ITMP Lombok, the following development planning documents, regulation, and standards that apply in Indonesia are become the reference of the project study and analysis.

Table 13 Transportation Plan and Policy


1 West Nusa Tenggara Provincial Regulation No. 3 Year 2010 concerning West Nusa Tenggara Spatial Plan Year 2009-2029

In this document, the plans for developing transportation infrastructure are explained, which cover the land, sea, and air transportation sectors until the end 2029. These plans are needed to be in line with Lombok Island integrated tourism master plan that will be carried out as governed by provincial regulation.

In addition, this document also describes the minimum technical standards of transportation infrastructure such as arterial and collector road, port, and airport located on Lombok Island which are used as a comparison to the existing conditions of the observed infrastructures when conducting a gap analysis.

2 Regional Government Regulation No. 3 Year 2010, Regional Spatial Layout “Tatrawil” Document

Based on Tatrawil document, the needs for air, sea, land, and public transportation development have been addressed to be able to increase the accessibility of under-developed area to other developed area around the island. The document stated some initiatives that should be conducted in order to achieve the objective. These programs are taken as consideration in developing tourism transportation plan within the island.

3 National Transportation System “Sistranas” Document

This document has mandated regional government to deliver projects as stated within the document in order to support nationwide economic growth. The projects cover the all transportation sector which in this study is used as a reference for determining development plans that are in line with those previously formulated.

4 Minster of Transportation Regulation KM 33 Year 2007 concerning New Lombok Airport Master Plan in Central Lombok of West Nusa Tenggara Province

This document describes the Lombok International Airport development plan such as the boundaries of existing land and development, passenger and cargo demand forecast for both domestic and international flights, and airport development phasing needed in air transportation planning and Lombok International Airport analysis.

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5 General Director of Air Transport Regulation No. SKEP/77/VI/2005 concerning Airport Facilities Operational Technical Requirements

This document regulates the standard planning and design of airport airside and landside facilities in Indonesia. This document also specifies the minimum airport operational standards that are used as references in the airport studies and analysis that will be carried out.

6 West Nusa Tenggara Province Regional Government Regulation No. 12 Year 2017 concerning West Nusa Tenggara Small Islands and Coastal Zoning Plan for 2017 to 2037

This document is a plan that determines the guideline of the use of resources for each planning unit completed by the determination of the structure and land use within the planning area which contains activities that may be carried out and may not be carried out and activities that can only be carried out after obtaining permission. This document is used as a corridor for conducting sea transportation planning.

7 Minister of Transportation Decree No. KP 901 Year 2016 concerning National Port Master Plan

This document contains the National Port Master Plan which contains the national port policy and implementation of the action plan in the field of regulation and implementation of policies, projected cargo traffic through the port and its implications for port development in Indonesia, as well as determining the location and hierarchy of national ports which are then used in the planning process sea transportation in general.

8 Government Regulation No. 61 Year 2009 concerning Port

This regulation regulates port operations in Indonesia and explains the national port order, such as: (1) port roles, functions, types and hierarchies; (2) National Port Master Plan; and (3) port location in Indonesia that are used as reference in sea transportation study.

9 Minister of Transportation Decree No. KM 52 Year 2004 concerning Ferry/Passenger Port Management

This regulation governs the needs of landside and seaside in ferry port operation. This document is used in ferry port analysis which is one of the main sectors of tourism connectivity in Lombok Island.

10 West Nusa Tenggara Governor Decree No. 620 – 351 Year 2016 concerning Road Classification in West Nusa Tenggara Province

In this document, the road sections which include national roads and provincial roads on Lombok Island are explained, which are used as a reference for roads that are used as the scope of study and analysis.

11 Minister of Public Works Decree No. 248/KPTS/M/2015 concerning Arterial and Collector at National Road

In this document, the road sections that are included in national roads in Indonesia are explained (especially those which located in Lombok Island), which are used as a reference for roads that are used as the scope of study and analysis.

12 Minister of Transportation Regulation No. KM 14 Year 2006 concerning Road Traffic Management and Engineering

In this document there are criteria for management, engineering, control, and supervision of road traffic, one of which describes the criteria for minimum level of service on the road according to its classification and function. This criterion is used as a measure of the observed road performance.

13 Minister of Public Works Pd T-18-2004B, Urban Road Function Classification

This guideline explains the procedures for determining road classifications based on land use structures along with minimum technical requirements such as design speed, road width, distance between accesses, etc. These

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provisions are used as references to the analysis of the condition of road infrastructure.

14 Minister of Public Works Regulation No. 13/PRT/M/2011 concerning Road Maintenance Procedure

In this document stated the standard for the Road Condition Index and the International Roughness Index and their correlation with road level of goodness. This criterion is used to evaluate the condition of the road and estimate the IRI value for the road for which IRI data is not available.

15 Indonesia Highway Capacity Manual (IHCM) 1997

This manual contains technical guidelines for analysing road traffic conditions in Indonesia. This manual is used as a reference for the method of analysing road capacity and free flow speed to evaluate its level of service. In addition, this manual is also used as a reference in determining assumptions in standard conditions if there are some unavailable road characteristics data.

16 Indonesia Highway Capacity Guideline 2014

This guide contains updates from IHCM 1997, especially in determining the passenger car unit (PCU) multiplier and road link base capacity value. Therefore, determining the PCU factor and base capacity carried out in the traffic condition analysis refers to this guideline.

17 Road Pavement Design Manual No. 04/SE/Db/2017

This manual sets out the procedures for planning and designing pavement in Indonesia. From this manual, the AADT standard for low volume road is used as an AADT assumption on roads where AADT data is not available (especially sub-district roads).

18 Minister of Public Works Decree No. 03/PRT/M/2014 concerning Guidelines for Design, Provision, and Utilization for Pedestrian Facilities in Urban Area

This document sets out standards for pedestrian and cyclist facilities and infrastructures planning in urban areas such as minimum lane width, intersection type determination, and other technical criteria used as a reference in planning non-motorized vehicle networks.

19 Minister of Public Works and Housing Pd-03-2017-B, Technical Design Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities

This guideline regulates the procedures for planning and designing pedestrian facilities that are used as reference for gap analysis and subsequent pedestrian facilities planning.

20 Laws of Republic Indonesia No. 22 Year 2009 concerning Traffic and Road Transportation

This law regulates both policy and technical requirements in road traffic and road transportation in detail starting from the minimum road requirements to the provisions of public transport and goods.

21 West Nusa Tenggara Regional Government Regulation No. 137 Year 1999

This document explains the registered route for inter-urban bus service in West Nusa Tenggara Province and used as consideration within the study.

22 Minister of Transportation Decree No. 132 Year 2015 concerning Passenger Terminal Operation

This document describes terminal types and their respective role that is used as consideration in public transportation network planning.

The transportation study and further analysis will be conducted for each transportation sector (airport, seaport, road, and public transportation) in referring to all regulation and standard as

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described in previous table. The gap analysis will be carried out by comparing the observed existing transportation facilities and infrastructure against the ideal conditions or minimum requirements stated in national standards and regulations, while all recommendation and transportation development planning will be carried out by considering previous development plans that have been prepared and have applicable legal basis.

2.2.4.2. Water Supply Plan and Policy

Table 14 Water Supply Plan and Policy


1 Law no. 11 Year 1974 regarding to Water Resources Development

According to the document, it is stated that the utilization of water and water resources shall be in the interest of welfare of the people as to promote at the same economic growth, social justice and prosperous community based on Pancasila. Water resources mentioned in this Law includes among others:

• Irrigation • Swamp area development • Flood control and river improvement • Water supply for domestic municipal and industrial

purposes and water pollution control

Therefore, the existence of water and water resources including the natural riches contained therein shall be controlled by the State which includes:

• Manage and develop the utilization of water and water resources

• Authorized or licence water uses on the basis of the relevant general and project plans and in accordance with corresponding regulation

• Regulate, authorized or licence of the utilization, purpose of use and supply of water and water resources.

• Regulate, authorize or licence the exploitation of water and water resources

• Determine and regulate legal acts and relationship among individuals and/or corporations in respect of water and water resources.

2 Presidential Regulation No. 185 Year 2014 regarding to Acceleration of Water Supply and Sanitation

The acceleration of water supply and sanitation is a national planning document that contains the government’s policy and strategy in accelerating water supply and sanitation provision. This regulation is arranged against the background of many obstacles found in implementing water and sanitation development in order to achieve universal access by the end of 2019.

In this regulation, it is stated that the policies and strategies referred to are described in form of National Water Supply Roadmap and National Sanitation Roadmap which should be positioned as reference to arrange Water Supply Master Plan (RISPAM) and City Sanitation Strategy (SSK) for each city/regency. The implementation of water supply and sanitation development in every city/regency should refer to RISPAM and SSK.

Walter Jamieson

Implications of this??

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In this regulation, it is stated also for institutional and funding strategy. As for institutional strategy, the provincial government and city government need to create working group of water and sanitation in preparing and reporting the implementation result of water and sanitation acceleration program. The government also need to improve the collaboration with other institutions as well as communities either on technical aspect or funding aid.

3 Ministry of Public Works Regulation No. 13 Year 2013 regarding to National Policy and Strategy of Water Supply Development

The national policy and strategy of water supply is arranged to support national target achievement regarding to water supply through integrated, effective and efficient planning, programming, funding and implementation, to solve any issues and challenges related to water supply development and to integrate both technical and non-technical aspects between water supply sector with those of sanitation sector. Scope of this regulation covers:

- Guidance for proposing policies and strategies of water supply development

- Water supply development scenario - Target of policy - Action plans of water supply development policies and

strategies

This regulation contains:

1. Preface 2. Vision and mission 3. Issue, problem and challenge on water supply

development 4. Policy and strategy of water supply development

4 Government Regulation (PP) No. 65 Year 2005 regarding to Guidelines to develop and implement Minimal Services Standard

This regulation is an umbrella to develop ministerial level. For water and sanitation, it is the duty of ministry of PUPR to establish the derivative regulation.

5 Ministry of PWH (Public Works and Housing) regulation 01/PRT/M/2014, regarding to Minimum Services Standard until year 2019.

The coverage indicator of water supply of the city is the percentage of people getting access to safe water supply system with total percentage of 81,77% out of total population.

6 Government Regulation No. 122 Year 2015 regarding to Drinking Water Supply System

This regulation regulates the drinking water supply system to meet the needs of the community in order to get a healthy, clean and productive life. The Water Supply System, hereinafter abbreviated as SPAM, is a unit of facilities for providing drinking water SPAM types include: a. SPAM with piping network includes 1. Raw Water Unit 2. Production Unit 3. Distribution Unit 4. Service Unit

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b. SPAM non piping network includes: 1. Shallow well 2. Pump well 3. Rainwater Storage Tub 4. Water Terminal 5. Spring catcher building

7 Government Regulation No. 82 Year 2001 regarding to Water Quality Management and Water Contamination Prevention

According to the regulation, it is stated that water quality management is intended to maintain water quality for the purpose of preserving water functions, by conserving or controlling. Preservation of water quality is intended to maintain the condition of water quality as its natural condition. Meanwhile, water pollution control is carried out to ensure the quality of water in accordance with water quality standards through efforts to prevent and control water pollution and restore water quality. Water quality management is carried out by classifying water based its quality gradation and beneficiaries. The classification is divided into 4 classes which each of them requires water quality that is considered still feasible to be used for certain purposes.

8 Ministry of Health Regulation No. 32 Year 2017 regarding to Environmental Health Quality Standards and Water Health Requirements for Sanitary Hygiene, Swimming Pools, Solu Per Aqua and Public Baths

This regulation is arranged to maintain water quality utilized for sanitation hygiene, swimming pool, Solu Per Aqua (SPA) and public bath. Water utilized for sanitation hygiene is used to maintain personal cleanliness such as bathing, tooth brushing and for the purpose of washing food, eating utensils and clothing as well. The threshold standard is consisted of three parameters: physical, chemical and biological parameters and is set to realize environmental health.

9 Ministry of Health Regulation No. 492 Year 2010 regarding to Drinking Water Quality Standard

This regulation sets quality standard for clean water used for drinking which purpose is to prevent people from having health problems. According to this regulation, it is stated that water used for drinking is categorized safe if only the parameters meet the standard. The standard parameter requires physical, chemical, biological assessment as well as radioactive.

10 Ministry of Health Regulation No. 43 Year 2014 regarding to Sanitary Hygiene of Water Drinking Depot

The regulation is arranged based on consideration that the community needs to be protected from the risk of water-borne diseases due to drinking water consumption from drinking water depots (WDDs) that do not meet the quality standards and sanitary hygiene requirements.

According to the regulation, it stated that every WDD should own a certificate of proper hygiene as one of their business permit requirements.

11 Ministry of Public Works Regulation No. 18 Years 2007 regarding to Implementation of Drinking Water Supply Development

The purpose and objectives of the regulation in the implementation of SPAM development are as a guideline for the Government, regional government, organizers, and experts in the planning, implementation and management of SPAM to:

a. Realizing quality water management and service at affordable prices;

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b. Achieve balanced interests between consumers and service providers;

c. Achieve increased efficiency and coverage of drinking water services; and

d. Encourage efforts to save water use movements The scope of the regulation on the implementation of SPAM development in this Ministerial Regulation includes SPAM with a piping network that includes:

a. Planning for SPAM development consisting of: 1. Master Plan for SPAM Development, 2. SPAM Development Feasibility Study, and 3. SPAM Development Technical Planning

b. Implementation of SPAM Construction c. SPAM Management d. Maintenance and Rehabilitation of SPAM; and e. SPAM Monitoring and Evaluation.

12 Ministry of Home Affairs Regulation No. 70 Year 2016 regarding to Guidelines for Provision of Subsidies from Regional Governments to Regionally Owned Enterprises Providing Water Supply Systems

Subsidies are budget allocations provided by regional governments to Regional Owned Enterprises of SPAM Organizers which aim to help the cost of producing drinking water so that the selling price of the production produced can be affordable by many people.

Water Supply System is an activity of providing drinking water to meet the needs of the community in order to get a healthy, clean and productive life.

Water Supply System, hereinafter abbreviated as SPAM, is a unit of facilities and infrastructure for drinking water supply.

Regional Owned Enterprises SPAM Providers, hereinafter referred to as BUMDs, are business entities formed specifically to carry out activities of SPAM organizers whose whole or part of their capital is owned by the region.

Subsidies to BUMD aim to help the cost of producing drinking water so that quality drinking water services are available at affordable prices for the community.

The amount of the subsidy is calculated based on the difference between the average tariff and the cost of production after being audited.

In the event that the Regional Head decides a smaller tariff than the proposed tariff submitted by the Board of Directors of the SPAM Operator BUMD which results in a full cost recovery, the regional government must provide subsidies to cover the shortfall through the APBD.

13 National Standard of Plumbing System Planning Procedure (SNI 03-7065-2005)

National standard for plumbing system planning procedure is prepared and positioned as a guideline for engineer to plan a plumbing system of a building. The regulation includes new plumbing system plan for clean water, wastewater, vent and rain water of the building, as well as planned for changes or additions to existing plumbing system.

14 NTB Province Local Regulation No. 7 Year 2015 regarding to

This regulation is arranged on purpose to improve clean water service delivery and efficiency. According to this

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The Equity of Clean Water Access

regulation, the equity of clean water access is carried out based on: 1. Community based 2. Partnership 3. Participatory 4. Transparency 5. Accountability 6. Gender equality Clean water control starts from raw water resource. Raw water control specifically groundwater and spring water shall concern to conservation need and environmental damage prevention in accordance to applicable laws and regulations.

15 NTB Province Local Regulation No. 5 Year 2010 regarding to Ground water Management

This regulation is arranged on purpose to protect and maintain the availability, condition and ground water environment to preserve sustainability and continuity, availability in sufficient quantity and quality to meet the living needs of living things. Groundwater management is carried out based on groundwater basins through inventory, groundwater utilization, allotment, conservation and monitoring. The allotment priority regarding groundwater utilization is considered based on the needs of: 1. Drinking water 2. Clean water for household 3. Plantations, farms and simple agriculture 4. Irrigation 5. Industry 6. Mining and energy 7. Urban business

16 Master Plan of Regional Water Supply System of Lombok Island Year 2016 - 2034

Plans for the implementation of Lombok Island Regional SPAM water supply services are carried out through the distribution of service zones based on consideration of the existence of raw water sources and their capacity. Prioritized in the division of service zones is the flow system by gravity so that delineation of service zones is based on topographic conditions. The planned service zone includes: 1. Service Zone A covers the urban areas of Mataram, and

West Lombok. 2. Service B Zone covers the urban area of Kabupaten

Lombok Tengah 3. Service C Zone covers the urban area of Kabupaten

Lombok Timur 4. Service C Zone covers the urban area of Kabupaten

Lombok utara

17 Master Plan of West Lombok Water Supply System Year 2016 - 2036

According to the document, the components or criteria for the service area for developing a water management system include:

a. Potential and distribution of location of springs that can have potential as raw water

b. The topographical conditions in which raw water is located, which includes; height/elevation difference, slope / slope. This is very important as a reference for consideration of more efficient water distribution planning. For example,

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utilizing conditions in the form of slope as natural energy (gravity) for the distribution of water to the service area

c. Suitability of space (distribution of public facilities, settlements) as stated in the Regional Spatial Plan (Kabupaten Lombok Timur RTRW Number 2 of 2012)

d. Government policies to support the development of the district's strategic area so that the growth of the area can be on target and make a significant contribution in improving the regional economy.

e. Priority to low-income communities (MBR) in fulfilling the supply of water needs

18 Master Plan of North Lombok Water Supply System 2018 - 2037

According to the document, the planned implementation of SPAM in Kabupaten Lombok Utara is divided into three service zones based on the existence of raw water sources and water treatment plants (IPA) managed by PDAM Kabupaten Lombok Utara, namely:

a. Pemenang, Tanjung, and Gangga service zones include

all villages in Pemenang, Tanjung, and Gangga Subdistricts as well as three-gili tourism and urban areas. The number of residents to be served in 2037 is 124,251 people.

b. The Kayangan service zone covers all villages in Kayangan Subdistrict including three villages that enter the Bandar Kayangan Region with the total population to be served in 2037 as many as 72,625 people.

c. The Bayan service zone covers all villages in Bayan District, including two villages that enter the Bandar Kayangan area, with a total population of 72,373 in 2037.

19 NTB Province Local Regulation No. 6 Year 2001 regarding to Tax on Taking and Utilizing Ground water and Surface water

The regulation regulates: • Factors that influence the utilization raw water sources that

can be taxed. • The amount of the tax value determined based on the

value of Water (NPA) • The taxpayer's validity period

20 Ministry of Public Works Regulation No.04/PRT/M/2015, 18 March 2015, regarding to the criteria and determining of river region

This ministry decree state that the river region is one unity water resources management in one or more watershed and / or small island in the area less than 2.000 Km2.

21 Ministry of Public Works Regulation PUPR No.15/KPTS/M/2017, regarding to Water Resources Management Plan - River Region Lombok

This regulation is the following up of Ministry PUPR Regulation No. 10 year 2015 regarding to Water Resources Management Plan.

This regulation is developing a Water Resources Management Plan that more specific to Lombok Water Region.

The regulations mentioned above provide important information regarding the policies and planning of water supply system implementation. Hence, those can be integrated with the ITMP Lombok to be used as guidelines for reference. Water supply development plan for new tourism

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areas development must be given further attention as water has a vital role in every activity, so the plan hopefully will not cause new problems or conflicts in term of water utilization. It can be concluded regarding plan and policies review that water supply development plan is expected to foster clean water access delivery while taking account into the quantity and its allotment as well as water quality assurance that has been set according to standards. Meanwhile, the existence of water supply master plan is an important instrument to ensure that water supply development for a region has been carried out in a planned manner and integrating all activities including tourism sector. The master plans mentioned above are owned by several cities which the information contained therein seems still relevant to be integrated with ITMP while the others are too outdated to be used as a reference.

2.2.4.3. Wastewater Plan and Policy

Applicable regulations regarding wastewater management in Indonesia are summarized in the table as follows:

Table 15 Wasterwater Plan and Policy


1 Presidential Regulation No. 185 Year 2014 concerning

Acceleration of Water Supply and Sanitation



In this regulation, it is stated also for institutional and funding strategy. As for institutional strategy, the provincial government and city government need to create working group of water and sanitation in preparing and reporting the implementation result of water and sanitation acceleration program. The government also need to improve the collaboration with other institutions as well as communities either on technical aspect or funding aid.

2 Ministry of Public Works Regulation No. 16 Year 2008 concerning

National Policy and Strategy of Domestic Wastewater Management System

The national policy and strategy of domestic wastewater management system is arranged to support national target achievement regarding to domestic wastewater management through integrated, effective and efficient planning, programming, funding and implementation which is intended as a guidance to develop domestic wastewater management, either for national government, regional government, private sector or communities. This regulation contains:

a. Preface b. Vision and mission of domestic wastewater treatment

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c. Issue, problem and challenge on domestic wastewater management system

d. Policy and strategy of domestic wastewater management system

3 Ministry Public Works and Housing regulation 01/PRT/M/2014

Minimum Services Standard until year 2019.

The coverage indicator of wastewater management of the city is the percentage of people getting sustainable wastewater services with total percentage of 60% out of total population.

4 Ministry of Cultural and Tourism Regulation No. 67 Year 2004 concerning

General Guidelines for Tourism Development in Small Islands

This regulation is carried out by taking into account that small islands have considerable marine tourism potential so that the development of tourism in the area needs to be established responsibly and capable to meet the needs of tourists and communities in the area while maintaining cultural integrity, processes and biodiversity.

According to the document, it is stated that wastewater management is needed in order to prevent environmental damage and pollution. Waste management (wastewater and solid waste) can be carried out by implementing 3R practice (Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle).

5 Governor of NTB Province Regulation No. 31 Year 2014 concerning

Sanitation Roadmap of West Nusa Tenggara Year 2015 - 2019

Sanitation roadmap is a regulation that contains policies and strategies of sanitation management (including wastewater, solid waste and drainage) in NTB which can be positioned as an input or guidance in preparing regional planning document. This document is to support acceleration of sanitation development for 2015 – 2019 period initiated by central government.

This regulation contains for chapters as follows:

1. Preface 2. Sanitation profile 3. Sanitation vision and mission 4. Sanitation development strategy 5. Sanitation Development Policy 6. Closing

6 Local Regulation of Central Lombok No. 3 Year 2017

Wastewater Management

These regulation intents to manage wastewater management in Central Lombok that covers centralized and decentralized wastewater management.

7 City Sanitation Strategy Year 2017 – 2021, covering:

- Kota Mataram - West Lombok - Central Lombok - East Lombok - North Lombok

This document is used as a reference to sanitation sector, including wastewater development in each city. The outcome should be adapted to the activity program in sanitation sector with other government planning documents such as the RPJPD, RPJMD, Renstra, and the RTRW of the city.

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8 Master Plan of Wastewater Management System

Master Plan of Wastewater Management System (RISPAL) is a long-term (15-20 years) planning document regarding wastewater management system, prepared by referring to city spatial plan. This document has a position as a link to integrate all policies and strategies related to waste water management and can be used as a reference for sectoral policy formulation as well as an operational tool for settlement development and waste water management in a city.

Master Plan of Wastewater Management System of Kota Mataram 2017 – 2036

According to this document, it is stated that the implementation of wastewater development plan is devided into three-phase development with service priority areas are clustered into 4 zones, as follows:

- Zone I: Ampenan, Sekarbela, Mataram, Selaparang, Cakranegara

- Zone II: Sekarbela, Mataram, Selaparang, Cakranegara - Zone III: Selaparang, Cakaranegara, Sandubaya - Zone IV: Mataram, Cakranegara

The planning service coverage for each facility and infrastructure until 2036, are as follows:

- Individual septic tank: 91,5% - Communal septic tank: 3% - MCK++: 2,5% - Regional WWTP: 3% - Sewage treatment plant service: 100%

9 Mataram Sewerage System Development Plan 2017 - 2037

Sewerage System Development Program (SSDP) is one of strategic program to increase sanitation s service through offsite sytem in certain cities in Indonesia, including in Mataram. This program is aimed to decrease waste generation which directly discharge into drainage channel or river as well as to fulfil a sustainable wastewater management system that is connected and treated through WWTP.

SSDP Kota Mataram is planned for 20 years and devided into 4 phases of development:

- Phase I: short term (2017 – 2022) - Phase II: short/medium term (2023 – 2027) - Phase III: Medium term (2028 – 2032) - Phase IV: Long term (2033 – 2037)

The policies and plans reviewed above are relevant with ITMP so that those can be used as reference or even can be enhanced by adjusting to ITMP development plan. Policies regarding wastewater management are important as reference that wastewater development in tourism areas is needed to prevent environmental damage and pollution. While according to the review of wastewater management master plan and sanitation strategy, there are issues found that existing sanitation infrastructure do not still accommodate the achievement target stipulated by government (based on Permen PU No. 1 Tahun 2014 concerning Minimum Service Standard of Public Work and Spatial Planning) whereas the existence of sustainable sanitation infrastructure influences tourism attractiveness. Therefore, the sanitation infrastructure development plans that have been formulated in the master plan documents will be taken into account to be further analyzed and incorporated with an accordance with the needs of the ITMP.

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From the table above, the long-term planning document that can be used as reference is only limited from Mataram. While from the other cities are already outdated so that there might be significant differences among what had been planned and the current condition. Some issues identified based on these documents are as follow:

• Some of planning program has been realized like one of them is the development of septage treatment plant for Kota Mataram located in Kebon Kongok as stated in Wastewater Management Master Plan of Kota Mataram.

• The city sanitation strategy of each city has noticed regarding formulation of wastewater management regulation, but this issue has not been carried out until now. It should be given special attention considering that regulation have legal power in order to improve governance of wastewater management.

• The information related long-term planning of wastewater management in every city is still limited. The document of city sanitation strategy only covers a five-year planning, Therefore, the only existing document that can be referred is only Kota Mataram while the other cities are not clear due to the outdated planning documents.

• The planned infrastructure development target formulated in the planning documents seems too optimistic when compared to current existing conditions so that it needs to be re-evaluated by considering the current and future conditions as well as adjusting to the ITMP development plan.

2.2.4.4. Solid Waste Plan and Policy

Until today, every city in Lombok Island has not been provide a masterplan for solidwaste. This leads to be one of problem for the implementation of solidwaste management system in Lombok Island. However, Kota Mataram has done a study related to technical planning of solid waste management for 2016 – 2021.

Table 16 Solid Waste Plan and Policy


1 Presidential Regulation No. 185 Year 2014 Concerning

Acceleration of Water Supply and Sanitation



In this regulation, it is stated also for institutional and funding strategy. As for institutional strategy, the provincial government and city government need to create working group of water and sanitation in preparing and reporting the implementation result of water and sanitation acceleration program. The government also need to improve the

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collaboration with other institutions as well as communities either on technical aspect or funding aid.

2 Ministry of Public Works Regulation No. 21 Year 2006 concerning

National Policy and Strategy of Solid Waste Management System

The national policy and strategy of solid waste management system is arranged to support national target achievement regarding to solid waste management through integrated, effective and efficient planning, programming, funding and implementation which is intended as a guidance to develop eco-friendly waste management, either in national level, province level or city level. This regulation contains:

1. Preface 2. Vision and mission 3. Issue, problem and challenge on solid waste

management system 4. Policy and strategy of solid waste management system

3 Ministry Public Works and Housing regulation 01/PRT/M/2014

Minimum Services Standard until year 2019.

The coverages indicator of solid waste management of the city are as follows:

• Percentage of waste reduction in urban area: 20% out of total population

• Percentage of waste hauling system: 70% out of total population

• Percentage of landfill operation: 70% out of landfill operation

4 Ministry of Public Works and Housing regulation No, 03/PRT/2013

Management of Solid Waste and Facilities in Handling Household Waste and Household-like Waste

This regulation is arranged to hold an effective, efficient and environmentally way of solid waste service and facility provision; improve the service coverage of solid waste management system; improve the quality of public health and environments; water, soil and air preservation against pollution and climate mitigation as well as create waste as new resource.

This regulation covers general planning, waste handling, final process and treatment facility provision and landfill closure/rehabilitation.

5 Ministry of Cultural and Tourism Regulation No. 67 Year 2004 concerning

General Guidelines for Tourism Development in Small Islands

This regulation is carried out by taking into account that small islands have considerable marine tourism potential so that the development of tourism in the area needs to be established responsibly and capable to meet the needs of tourists and communities in the area while maintaining cultural integrity, processes and biodiversity.

- According to the document, it is stated that wastewater management is needed in order to prevent environmental damage and pollution. Waste management (wastewater and solid waste) can be carried out by implementing 3R practice (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle).

6 Governor of NTB Province Regulation No. 31 Year 2014


Sanitation roadmap is a regulation that contains policies and strategies of sanitation management (including wastewater, solid waste and drainage) in NTB which can be positioned as an input or guidance in preparing regional planning document. This document is to support acceleration of sanitation

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development for 2015 – 2019 period initiated by central government.

This regulation contains for chapters as follows:

1. Preface 2. Sanitation profile 3. Sanitation vision and mission 4. Sanitation development strategy 5. Sanitation Development Policy

Closing

7 Local Regulation of Mataram No. Year 2018

Solid Waste Management

This regulation intents to manage solid waste management in Kota Mataram that covers household waste, household-like waste and specific waste

8 Local Regulation of West Lombok No. 3 Year 2017


This regulation intent to manage solid waste management in West Lombok that covers household waste and household-like waste.

9 Local Regulation of East Lombok No. 5 Year 2012


This regulation intents to manage solid waste management in East Lombok that covers household waste, household-like waste and specific waste

10 Local Regulation of North Lombok No. 3 Year 2017

Amendment to Local Regulation of North Lombok No. 7 Year 2014 concerning Solid Waste Management Guideline

This regulation contains guideline to manage solid waste issue in North Lombok that covers those of in Lombok Island and Gili Islands.

10 Local Regulation of Kota Mataram No. 14 Year 2011

General Retribution

This regulation intents to manage the amount of fees that must be paid by individuals or institutions for the utilization of business or services provided by the government, including cleanliness/solid waste management service.

12 Local Regulation of Central Lombok No. 14 Year 2009

Amendment to Local Regulation No. 11 Year 2002 concerning Solid Waste Service Retribution

This regulation intents to manage the amount of fees that must be paid by individuals or institutions for waste management service provided by the government.

13 Local Regulation of Central Lombok No. Year 2017

General Retribution

This regulation intents to manage the amount of fees that must be paid by individuals or institutions for the utilization of business or services provided by the government, including cleanliness/solid waste management service.

14 Local Regulation of East Lombok No. 1 Year 2016

This regulation intents to manage the amount of fees that must be paid by individuals or institutions for the utilization of

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Amendment to Local Regulation No. 11 Year 2010 concerning General Retribution

business or services provided by the government, including cleanliness/solid waste management service.

15 Local Regulation of North Lombok No. 1 Year 2019

Solid Waste Management Permit

This regulation intents to manage any individuals or institution that would like to hold business regarding solid waste management in North Lombok. The activities include solid waste reduction and solid waste handling.



This document is used as a reference to sanitation sector, including solid waste development in each city. The outcome should be adapted to the activity program in sanitation sector with other government planning documents such as the RPJPD, RPJMD, Renstra, and the RTRW of the city.

17 Solidwaste Technical Master Plan for Kota Mataram 2017 - 2036

The document consisted of:

• general description of planning area • Development strategy • Planning program arrangements • DED • Master plan and DED finalization

According to this document, the service priority areas is planned into 3 zones. While, the action plan to be proposed is by developing 3R unit stations (TPS 3R) for the whole priority zone which in the first 5 years, the number of reduction waste is planned to be 25% and the remaining will be transferred into landfill area. Whereas for the next phase II-IV, the number of reduction waste is planned to be 50% through 3R activities in TPS 3R and TPST, with the remaining will be transferred into landfill.

The number of facilities and infrastructure needed within the next 16 years will be:

• Garbage cart: 397 units • Three-wheel motorbike: 343 units • Truck: 152 units • Container (7m3): 245 units • TPS 3R: 69 units

The policies and plans regarding solid waste management above provide information that can be relevant with ITMP. Regulations related to government policies can be positioned as guidelines so that tourism development can be in line with the government's efforts to fulfill the target of waste services in the region. The technical planning documents as well as sanitation strategies provide more detailed information regarding the policies and strategies pursued by each city to improve solid waste services.

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As mentioned at the beginning of this section that all city in Lombok has not yet provided master plan. The planning documents that can be referred to are still limited on technical plan documents as well as sanitation strategy. Some issues identified based on these documents are as follow:

• The information related long-term planning of solid waste management in every city is still limited. The document of city sanitation strategy only covers a five-year planning, Therefore, the only existing document that can be referred is only Kota Mataram while the other cities are not clear due to the outdated planning documents.

• The planning analysis is still more prioritizing on technical matters rather than the others. • Although the other issues like institutional, public engagement and funding have already been

mentioned in each document, but those have been not explained clearly and in detail regarding its development scenario and target objects respectively.

• The planned infrastructure development target formulated in the planning documents seems too optimistic when compared to current existing conditions so that it needs to be re-evaluated by considering the current and future conditions as well as adjusting to the ITMP development plan.

• There are several planning development scenarios which have been irrelevant to current condition such as: a) The expansion plan of Kebon Kongok (Gapuk) Landfill. It is stated in the planning

documents, both on regional spatial plan and technical plan of solid waste management, that Gapuk landfill will be still prioritized for future service development plan. Meanwhile, there is currently different plan scenario where the government is trying to prepare new landfill area in Rincung village to replace Gapuk landfill that will over in 2019. By 2018, the status of this issue is currently on feasibility study phase.

b) The addition number of garbage carts as solid waste transporting mode in Mataram. It is mentioned in the technical planning document that the infrastructure provision for neighborhood-scale waste management still relies on traditional transportation mode like cart. However, the condition has been changed during the site survey. The operational of garbage cart has been replace by three-wheeled motorbike.

c) The role of Sanitary Office (Dinas Kebersihan) as the institutional in-charge on solid waste management. Currently, the existence of Sanitary Office in each city in Lombok has been replaced or merged with Environmental Department.

Other issues identified can be taken into account to be further analyzed and incorporated with an accordance with the needs of the ITMP.

2.2.4.5. Drainage Plan and Policy

Applicable regulations regarding drainage management in Indonesia are summarized in the table as follows:

Table 17 Drainage Plan and Policy


1 Government Decree No. 7 Year 2004 concerning

Water Resources

In principle, this decree contains authority and responsible of Central Government, Provincial Government, City/Kabupaten Government, and Village government about water resources management.

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2 Government Regulation No. 38 Year 2007

Dividing Government Role among Central Government, Provincial Government and City/Kabupaten Government

The main point of this regulation related to sanitation facility is on Clausal 7 that has clearly stated, the provision of basic services will be responsible of local government at provincial level and kabupaten/ Kota local level.

3 President Regulation (Perpres) No. 33 Year 2011

National Policy of Natural Resources Management

This regulation is policy umbrella that should be used as reference by the related institutions.

4 Government Regulation (PP) No. 65 Year 2005

Guidelines to develop and implement Minimal Services Standard

This regulation is an umbrella to develop ministerial level. For water and sanitation, It is the duty of ministry of PUPR to establish the derivative regulation.

5 Ministry of Public Works and Housing Regulation No. 01 Year 2014 concerning

Minimum Service Standard of Public Works and Spatial Planning

The coverage indicator of Drainage facility is the percentage of people living in urban area with a drainage facility, which in flooding, the depth of stagnant water is no more than 30 cm for less than 2 hours in the occurrence two times a year.

• Target in Year 2019 is 50 % of population, • Reduction of 50 % area with stagnant water.

6 Ministry of PWH (Public Works and Housing) regulation No. 04/PRT/M/2015

the criteria and designate river areas

This ministry states the authority of Indonesia government at central, provincial, and Kab/Kota level in managing the water resources area to protect the river area to support the sustainable water resources.

7 Ministry of PWH (Public Works and Housing) regulation No. 27/PRT/M/2015, date 25 May

Dam

This regulation explains the definition of Dam as an agglomeration of soil, stone, concrete and/or stone structured compound to retain and compound water, and to store tailing waste, or slurry.

8 Ministry of PWH (Public Works and Housing) regulation No. 12/PRT/M/2014

management of urban drainage system (Penyelenggaraan Sistem Drainase Perkotaan).

This regulation will be a reference for Central, province, Kota/Kab government in managing the urban drainage system.

9 National Standard No. 8456:2017 concerning

Infiltration Well and Culvert to Harvest Rainy

This national standard is the revision of both SNI 02-2453-2002 regarding to technical guidelines to construct a infiltration well to harvest rainy water, and SNI 06-2459-2002, regarding to specification of the construction of infiltration well to harvest rainy water.

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10 National Standard No. 02-2406-1991 concerning

Technical Guidelines of Urban Drainage System Design

This document is used to obtain an implementable design according to technical design guidelines.

11 SK SNI 07-1733-2004

technical guidelines for urban settlement environment.

This is the revision of SNI 03-1733-1989, regarding to technical guidelines for urban settlement environment.

12 Governor of NTB Province Regulation No. 31 Year 2014 concerning


Sanitation roadmap is a regulation that contains policies and strategies of sanitation management, including drainage, in NTB which can be positioned as an input or guidance in preparing regional planning document. This document has been an umbrella to support acceleration of sanitation development for 2015 – 2019 period initiated by central government.

One of outcomes is the document of City Sanitation Strategy. A document contains the mapping of existing sanitation condition of the city/regency, sanitation development framework and staging, strategy as well as needed programs within the next five years by considering any potential location, program executor, implementation schedule, budgeting and funding sources.



This document is used as a reference to sanitation sector, including drainage, development in each city. The outcome should be adapted to the activity program in sanitation sector with other government planning documents such as the RPJPD, RPJMD, Renstra, and the RTRW of the city.

14 Ministry of Public Works and Housing Regulation No. 05 Year 2015 concerning

The Criteria and Determining of River Region

This ministry decree state that the river region is one unity water resources management in one or more watershed and/or small island in the area less than 2.000 Km2.

15 Surat Edaran Dirjen SDA No. 21/SE/D/2015

Strategic Plan Year 2015-2019, Directorate General of Water Resources, Ministry of Public Works and Housing.

This Surat Edaran is issued to following up Surat Edaran Ministry of PWH, No. 13.1/PRT/M/2015 regarding to Strategic Plan of the Ministry of PWH, year 2015-2019.

16 Keputusan Menteri PUPR No.15/KPTS/M/2017

Water Resources Management Plan - River Region Lombok

This regulation is the following up of Ministry PUPR Regulation No. 10 year 2015 regarding to Water Resources Management Plan.

This regulation is developing a Water Resources Management Plan that more specific to Lombok Water Region.

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The policies and plans regarding drainage above provide information that can be relevant with ITMP. Regulations related to government policies can be positioned as guidelines and development plan of drainage system within tourism areas will be in line under stipulated in the regulation.

2.2.4.6. Power and Energy Plan and Policy

Applicable regulations regarding power and energy in Indonesia especially in Lombok Island are summarized in the table as follows:

Table 18 Power and Energy Plan and Policy


1 Law No. 30 of 2007 about energy

This regulation regulates energy management and became legal basis for energy supply in Indonesia. This regulation discusses type, energy sources, reserve and crisis of energy, price, environment and partnership. Beside these, this regulation also regulates the energy policy with formation of national energy council that have responsible for energy management and execution of energy policy in Indonesia including community support for energy plan. In this regulation arranged energy conservation and energy business including the authority for central and regional government to manage and doing monitoring, evaluation and management for energy sector.

2 Law No. 22 of 2001 about oil and gas

Law no 22 of 2001 became legal basis for oil and gas implementation in Indonesia. This regulation includes oil and gas upstream and downstream business such as exploration, exploitation, management, transport, storage and selling the product of oil and gas. This regulation regulates work scheme and all the policy and all the rules of downstream and upstream business. It also related with state income from oil and gas. Because of that, this regulation also initiates formation of implementation agency and control agency.

3 Government Regulation No 23 of 2014 about changed of Government Regulation No 14 of 2012 about electrical energy supply business

This regulation regulates the electrical supply business. In this regulation includes about permits, standard, installation, technical electrical business, development of electrical business. This regulation also discusses about price of electric energy and its distribution network.

4 Minister of Energy and Mineral Sources No 50 of 2017 about Renewable Energy Source Utilization for Electrical Supply

Due to the energy use that increases pollution, through this regulation, electricity supply activities can and are suggested from renewable energy sources. This regulation regulates the use of electrical energy in the form of carrying out purchases, types of power plants, operational power plants, standards, and electrical renewable energy supply business.

The supply and management of energy of electrical and oil and gas are still dominated by SOEs, namely PLN and Pertamina. The government's participation in energy distribution and distribution activities is still quite limited where this also depends on the technical activities of the two BUMNs. Therefore, for now the Regional Government still does not have a master plan or other plans

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related to energy management on the island of Lombok. Each of SOE have masterplan that integrated with government programs.

2.2.4.7. Technology, Information and Communication Plan and Policy

Applicable regulations regarding Technology, Information, and Communication in Indonesia especially in Lombok Island are summarized in the table as follows

Table 19 Technology, Information, and Communication Plan and Policy


1 Law No. 14 of 2008 about public communication openness

This regulation is the legal basis for data openness in Indonesia where data, especially by the government (public sector) can be opened and obtained by the public. This is also one of the legal grounds that introduce transparency. This regulation also explains the procedures for obtaining information, data / information that can be obtained as well as the formation of commissions that regulate communication activities in Indonesia

2 Law No. 11 of 2008 about Information and Electronic Transaction

The emphasis of this regulation is on the use of electronic technology in information activities. This is one of the regulations that started the change from conventional information system to the entry of the industrial revolution 4.0. This regulation covers the implementation of electronic systems, electronic transactions, protection, and the role of government and society in transactions and electronic information transactions.

3 Law No. 36 of 1999 about telecommunication

This regulation becomes the legal basis for the implementation of telecommunications in Indonesia, including the implementation of special networks, services and telecommunications. This regulation is the basis for licensing activities, rights and obligations for the community, costs and equipment of telecommunications technology including radio frequency spectrum and satellite orbit

4 Minister of Communication and Informatics No 27 of 2011 about technical guidelines for minimum service standard of communication and informatics in regional

This regulation is the legal basis for communication and information services in regional where each form of communication and information services is explained in detail and is technical in nature. This regulation also regulates the development and empowerment of community information groups and draft costs for developing communication information in the regions.

Communication and informatics management in provincial and local are managed by government and supported by SOE, ROE, and private sectors. Because of that, the governments are not always having masterplan and in this case, local governments in Lombok Island are has not preparing document or masterplan for communication, technology, and information. All the implementation of information networks or development of technology infrastructure are arranged by SOE, ROE and Private sectors such as Telkom, Local newspaper, local television, RRI, or national and global television.

2.2.5. Disaster Mitigation Policy

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Indonesia has a wide area and it is located in a cross position between two continents and two oceans with natural potentials giving this nation various advantages. However, Indonesia’s geographical location are prone to disasters with a high enough frequency, so that it requires systematic, integrated and coordinated handling. Below are analysis of policy and regulation related to disaster management:

Table 20 Disaster Mitigation Policy


1 Law No. 24 of 2007

Disaster Management Law

Tentang Penanggulangan Bencana

This law is made under consideration of the existing geographic condition of Indonesia which enables disaster that can hinder national development. In the first chapter, this law explains about basis, principles and objectives of disaster management.

There are two legal institution listed in this law that is authorized to handle any disaster occur in Indonesia, it is National Board of Disaster Management (BNPB) in national level and Regional Board of Disaster Management (BPBD) in provincial and regional level. The job description of both BNPB and BPBD are listed in this law as well as their function.

In the implementation of disaster management, the government able to assign disaster – prone areas to be prohibited areas for settlements. The disaster management is divided into 3 stages:

1. Pre – disaster • Disaster Management Planning • Disaster Risk Reduction • Prevention • Integration in Development Planning • Disaster Risk Analysis Requirements • Implementation and Enforcement of Spatial Plans • Education and Training • Requirements for Technical Standards for Disaster

Management.

2. During emergency response • Rapid and precise assessment of damaged

location and Resources • Determining the status of a disaster emergency • Rescue and evacuate affected communities • Fulfilment of basic needs • Protection of vulnerable groups • Immediate recovery of vital infrastructure and

facilities

3. Post – disaster • Rehabilitation • Reconstruction

This law also set the funding, disaster relief management also the monitoring of disaster management stages which comprise of:

• source of threat or danger of disaster; • development policies that have the potential to cause

disaster; • exploitation activities that have the potential to cause

disaster;

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• utilization of goods, services, technology, and capabilities domestic engineering and design;

• environmental conservation activities; • spatial planning; • management of the environment; • reclamation activities; and • financial management.

2 Regional Disaster Management Plan

Rencana Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah

This Regional Disaster Management Plan (RPB) document was formulated to reduce the risks posed by the impact of the disaster, it is a master plan for implementing disaster management. The implementation of Disaster Management is a series of efforts which include the establishment of development policies that are at risk of disasters, disaster prevention activities, emergency response and post-disaster rehabilitation. The series of disaster management cycles according to the Head of the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) are as follows:

The basic principle in the preparation of Regional RPB is to implement the disaster risk management paradigm holistically. This view provides direction that disasters must be managed thoroughly from before, during and after it happened.

In general, the output of the Regional RPB document on Lombok Island produces several things as follows:

• Disaster Risk Assessment • Disaster Management Policies • Focus on Priorities and Disaster Management

Programs • Regional Action Plans (RAD)

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The Disaster Risk Study will be the basis for determining Disaster Management Policies. The Counter-Action Policy will formulate a vision and mission to a strategy which will then be implemented in the Regional Action Plan (RAD) fund Focus and Disaster Management Program. There were 7 (seven) disaster management strategies divided into 2 (two) groups, namely: A. Generic Strategy.

• Strengthening of Institutional Rules and Capacity • Integrated Disaster Management Planning • Research, Education and Training • Capacity Building and Community Participation

B. Specific Strategy.

• Disaster Risk Reduction (Disaster Prevention and Mitigation)

• Increaed Effectiveness of Disaster Emergency Management (Disaster Emergency Preparedness and Response)

• Optimization of Disaster Impact Recovery

Based on these 7 disaster management strategies, there are several priorities focuses and programs that function to describe the strategy so that it can be implemented in disaster management activities on Lombok Island. In this document also explain the list of related institution and each of their roles. In addition, the way of funding also explained in this RPB document, it is divided into two parts: The first budget is a periodic budget which is an annual burden on the Regional Budget (APBD), while the second budget is a special budget for handling emergency and disaster recovery

In conclusion, this RPB document produces a disaster risk assessment that can be used as a consideration in developing the area on the island of Lombok. This RPB document does not have legal force and will lose spirit and power if it is not integrated into the RPJMD and is given a strong legal umbrella. This RPB document will be reviewed every 2 years to be evaluated and adjustments will be made in accordance with the conditions and development of regional disasters along with the handling of regional disaster management.

These regulation documents give important information regarding disaster management strategies as well as disaster prone areas. Therefore, it can be integrated in the ITMP for Lombok spatial

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plan. Disaster prone areas in disaster risk assessment must be given special attention so that the impact of disasters that have the potential to occur in the area can be addressed. This document also has disaster management strategies which are then formulated into disaster management programs and actions. The disaster management actions in this document place more emphasis on the involvement of regional institutions in disaster management efforts. Finally, this document provides the strategic plan that will provide space for government partners to contribute and actively participate in the development of a safe culture of disasters in each Kota and Kabupaten of Lombok.

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2.3. Environmental and Social Management Plans 2.3.1. Regulation

The Government of Indonesia (GoI) issues numerous national legislations including law, government regulation, president decree, minister regulation or minister decree and local regulation (provincial or regency) to ensure that all major development activities can be managed sustainably with regards to environmental protection and conservation, Applicable regulation regarding Indonesian environmental and social impact assessment can be seen in Appendix X:

2.3.1.1. Environmental Documents

To carry out activities that are predicted to have an impact on the environment must go through environmental studies. This study will produce environmental documents as stipulated in the MoE Regulation No.16 of 2012 Guidelines for Preparation of Environmental Documents. There are Environmental Impact Assessments (AMDAL), Environmental Management Efforts and Environmental Monitoring Efforts (UKL-UPL), or Statement of Environmental Management and Monitoring Capability (SPPL).

The AMDAL and UKL-UPL process is mandated under Law No. 32/2009 (Article 22 and 34). AMDAL evaluation process is regulated under Minister of Environment Regulation No. 8/2006 which provides guidance on the AMDAL Process. AMDAL consists of three documents: ANDAL (environmental impact statement), RKL (environmental management plan) and RPL (environmental monitoring plan). The GOI imposes thresholds that trigger the need for a project and/or activity to engage in a full-scale AMDAL process based on type, a scale and location of the proposed activity. The thresholds are defined by Minister of Environment Regulation No. 5/2012 regarding Types of Business and/or Activities Plan that are required to undertake Environmental Impact Assessment (AMDAL). Projects not listed are obliged to prepare a lower level of assessment in the form of UKL-UPL documents. UKL-UPLs are prepared for activities with potential adverse impacts but of lesser significance than in the case of an activity requiring AMDAL.

In addition, projects that which located adjacent to, or inside, protected areas, typically trigger an AMDAL regardless of type and scale of the proposed activity. Protected areas are defined in the Minister of Environment Regulation No. 5/2012, to include the following areas:

• Protected forest; • Peat area; • Water catchment area; • Coastal border area; • River boarder area; • Area around lake or reservoir; • Wildlife reserve and marine wildlife reserve area; • Nature reserve and marine nature reserve; • Coastal area with mangrove forest; • National park and marine national park; • Culture and science reserve area; • Geological nature reserve area; • Groundwater recharge area;

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• Germplasm conservation area; • Animal evacuation area; • Coral reef; and • Corridor area for protected animal and sea biota

Prior to engaging in the AMDAL/UKL-UPL process, the project proponent is required to notify the responsible environmental impact management agency. Based on the type, scale, and location of a project, AMDAL documents may be appraised at the central level by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK), at the provincial level by the Provincial Environmental and Forestry Agency (Provincial DLHK), or at the regency level by the Regency Environmental and Forestry Agency (Regency DLHK).

AMDAL documents should include:

• Term of Reference (KA-ANDAL); • Environmental Impact Statement (ANDAL document); and • Environmental and Social Impact Management Plan (RKL) and Monitoring Plan (RPL)

Assessment. While UKL-UPL documents should include:

• Proponent Identity; • Project description of business and/or activity plan • Environmental and social impact assessment; and • Environmental and Social Impact Management Plan (RKL) and Monitoring Plan (RPL)

Assessment. If the activity is not categorized as included in the AMDAL and UKL-UPL documents, then the activity must make SPPL. SPPL is a statement about the ability to carry out environmental management and monitoring.

2.3.1.2. Environmental Permit

An Environmental Permit is required for all activities that require an environmental and social assessment referred to either as AMDAL or UKL-UPL depending on its scope. This requirement is referred to in Government Regulation No. 27/2012. The application for an environmental permit is submitted to relevant authorities simultaneously with the submission of the AMDAL or UKL-UPL.

In June 2018, Indonesia Government issued a new regulation regarding Online Single Submission (OSS) system. The Government Regulation No. 24/2018 on Electronic Integrated Business Licensing Services aims at simplifying the licensing process for investment, including environmental permit. The OSS system integrates all business licensing services that are within the authority of the Minister/Head of Institution, Governor, or regent/Mayor. Government Regulation No. 24/2018 regulates the issuance of business licenses including location permits, environment permit, building permits, business permits and operational permits. All activities/businesses listed in this regulation must apply for a permit through this OSS system. By this new government regulation, the Project proponent may obtain the environmental permit at the certain timeline. The government at national, province, regency/city level will issue the environmental permit for the proposed project/activity once the Project proponent successfully completes any further commitments made regarding the relevant impact assessment results within. This must be done within 15 days for UKL-UPL and 180 days for AMDAL. The summary of the licensing process for AMDAL according to OSS is illustrated in Figure 15 below.

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OSS System has been implemented in NTB Province as well as in Regency (Kabupaten). All environmental permit process should be processed by OSS System. Environmental and Forestry Agency in provincial and/or regency will issue recommendation letter as one of the requirements of permit issuance.

During 2016, West Nusa Tenggara Province was issued 4 environmental permits related to the tourism sector; 3 permits for AMDAL and 1 permit for UKL-UPL. During 2017, for all regencies and cities in Lombok Island, Lombok Barat was the regency that was issued the most environmental permits. From 360 documents, 99 of them came from the tourism sector; 4 documents are in the form of DPLH (Dokumen Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup – Environmental Management Document), 12 documents are in the form of UKL-UPL and 27 documents are in the form of SPPL (Surat Pernyataan Kesanggupan Pengelolaan dan Pemantauan Lingkungan Hidup – Statement Letter of Ability in Environmental Management and Monitoring); followed by Lombok Utara, which has issued 96 environmental permits, of which 70 came from tourism sector, 43 documents are in the form of UKL-UPL and 27 documents are in the form of SPPL. The other regencies that have issued environmental permits related to the tourism sector are Lombok Timur (13 UKL-UPL) and Mataram (3 AMDAL).

Of the several environmental permits that have been issued, there are still several companies that have not complied with regulations in terms of the environmental permits, including not having environmental documents, not implementing management and monitoring plans (semesterly reports) and not having Waste Water Treatment Plan (WWTP) according to regulations. This disobedience is mostly carried out by tourism sector actors such as hotels, restaurants and villas in Lombok Utara, which includes as many as 244 companies. (IKPLHD Lombok Utara, 2018). As a punishment for non-compliace companies, The Environmental Agency will send a warning letter in stages. As part of the supervision and control function, The Environmental Agency will conduct coaching and socialization as a follow-up.

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Figure 15 AMDAL Process through Online Single Submission (OSS) System

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2.3.1.3. Land Acquisition

The following are the Indonesia regulatory frameworks for the implementation of land acquisition relevant to proposed Lombok tourism development:

1. Law No. 5 of 1960 about agrarian principal 2. Law No. 2 of 2012 about Acquisition of Land for Development in the public interest 3. Presidential Regulation No. 71 of 2012 about execution for land acquisition 4. Presidential Regulation No. 62 of 2018 about the management of social impact in the

procurement of land for national development 5. Ministry of Home Affairs Regulation No. 1/2016 about Village Asset Management

The detail summary of each regulation above can be seen in Appendix X.

At international level, the World Bank OP 4.12 on Involuntary Resettlement which has been adopted in the Ministry of Public Works and Housing’s Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) for Indonesia tourism development program should be referred for compliance. The OP 4.12 and ESMF are applicable for any physical tourism facilities investment resulting in relocation, or loss of assets, or loss of access to assets, or loss of income sources or means of livelihood whether the PAPs must move to another location; or due to the involuntary restriction of access to legally designated parks and protected areas resulting in adverse impacts on the livelihoods of the PAPs.

In addition, both documents provide guidance with regards to the eligibility of the affected people, including those with legal rights, non-titled land users, vulnerable and severely impacted people, (e.g., affected indigenous people), the requirements for full replacement cost, and ensuring the livelihood restoration of all affected people.

2.3.2. Information on Regional Environmental Management Performance (IKPLHD)

Information on Regional Environmental Management Performance (Informasi Kinerja Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup Daerah or IKPLHD) is a report of information on environmental priority issues, analysis on periodical environmental monitoring and innovations in environmental management. IKPLHD is very important because it presents changes in population with quality and activity as well as pressure on the environment. This pressure must be controlled to avoid an ecological disaster. Information about pressure, conditions and efforts in managing the environment is expected to be a major consideration in making environmental planning. This IKPLHD is based on the availability of existing reports in local Environmental Agency (Dinas Lingkungan Hidup – DLH), during 2016 and 2018. In this sub-section only presents environmental priority issues which related to regional development and their impact on the environment and strategic innovations as an effort to improve the environment to realize sustainable development in each city or regencies.

2.3.2.1. IKPLHD Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat

Regional Environmental Priority Issues

The most important environmental issues that occur in NTB Province are water quality and land conversion. Both issues are very important because their development is difficult to control or to solve. Moreover, the two issues are directly caused by the development of the population in the NTB Province. In 2016, several environmental issues occurred including water quality, land

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conversion, and mining exploitation. The environmental priority issues in NTB Province during 2016 are as follows:

a. Contamination of E. Coli in rivers and dams Based on the results of river water sampling conducted on 9 river locations and 4 dams in NTB, it was found that the E. Coli concentration in each river and dam was still very high and exceeded the quality standard based on GR No. 82 of 2001 concerning Management of Water Quality and Water Pollution Control. The high E. Coli content is caused by the high number of people who do not have sanitation facilities, as people still use the river for sanitary purposes. In addition, river water is also polluted from animal waste (horses, cattle, etc.) and garbage. The high level of E. Coli contamination has caused diarrheal disease in the community, which has become one of the main diseases of 10 major diseases in NTB.

b. Increased land conversion and critical land area The most increase in land use alteration and critical land area has occurred on Sumbawa Island. Currently, land that was originally a forest land is now agricultural land.

c. Exploitation Mine C and Illegal gold mining (PETI) Up to 2015, there were 250 Mining Business Licenses (IUP) with various types of mining including metals, non-metals, rocks and community mining totaling an of 327.301,36 Ha. 1. Exploitation Mine Category C

Exploitation Mine Category C (sand and rock material) are carried out both in rivers and in hillsides. These activities cause impacts such as deeper rivers due to sand exploitation, narrower riverbanks, damage to village roads, dusty roads and air pollution, damage to plants along the roadside and increased noise. On Lombok Island, mining in the cliff area occurs in West Lombok and North Lombok.

2. Illegal gold mining (PETI) Illegal gold mining has become a priority issue during 2016 . The adverse effects occur to the soil due to chemicals flowing/leaking from the mine drainage, particularly on the use of mercury in several locations. Uncontrolled effluent from mine drainage into the river courses also pollutes the aquatic ecosystem.

Not much different from the issue in 2016, the issue in 2018 consisted of water quality issues and land conversion. There are other issues that are also developing such as solid waste problems and its management. The priority issue of land conversion occurs bcause there is the change from forest areas to agricultural land and this is more common on Sumbawa Island. Another issue is decreasing water quality. All of them are caused by household waste water including solid waste which is disposed of in waterways such as rivers, dams, and sea. The issue directly affects the environment and the population even though not all are affected by the development of the population of the NTB Province. Fundamental innovation and strategic directions are needed to solve these two issues. For futher details, the environmental priority issues in NTB Province during 2018 are as follows:

a. Land Use Change. During the last 10 years, the West Nusa Tenggara Province promoted a corn planting program. This has an impact on increasing corn production and increasing production land every year. Increased production was accompanied by an expansion of the land, some of which penetrated forest areas. From the NTB Agriculture and Plantation Agency data, in 2014, the corn area was 126,577 hectares. From this planting area NTB corn production reached 785,864 tons. In 2015, the planting area increased to 143,117 hectares, and production was 959,972 tons. In 2016, the planting area increased to 206,997 hectares, and corn production increase to 1,101,244 tons. In 2017, it was 310,990 hectares,

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production reached 2,127,324 tons. In 2018, the production achievement was 2,959,222 tons. Increasing corn production expands forest areas. The area of critical land in NTB in 2018 is 65,755 hectares. Of this area, 48.125 hectares are within the forest area.

b. Change in Water Quality and Quantity.

Based on the calculation of the value of the water quality index in West Nusa Tenggara Province in 2018 of 31.34. Based on sampling result in 5 (five) rivers on Lombok Island and 5 (five) rivers on Sumbawa Island during 3 (three) monitoring periods revealed, there were 2 heavily polluted rivers which is the Rabajalu River and the Padolo River. The main problem in waste management is the lack of public awareness of environmental by not throwing garbage/waste in the river.

Tabel 1 Water Quality Index of NTB Province 2011-2018

Year 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Water Quality Index

47.25 54.00 54.13 53.50 42.46 33.13 30.54 31.34

c. Increasing Waste Generation and Lack of Waste Handling

In 2018, the amount of waste generated in NTB Province amounted to 3,388.76 tons/day but only 641.92 tons/day of garbage entering the landfill and 51.21 tons/day of recycled waste.

Strategic Innovation

The strategic innovation in Provinsi NTB during 2016 are as follows: a. Reforestation

Reforestation or rehabilitation aims to replant critical forest areas. In the period of 2011-2015, the replanted area was 15,173 hectares. Reforestation programs are carried out by the government and the community. The government also provides tree seedlings, such as mahogany, trengguli, teak, sengon, walnut, cashew, agarwood, leafy, johar and candlenut trees, among others. Sources of seeds come from West Lombok, Central Lombok, Sumbawa and East Lombok.

b. Greening Greening is carried out outside the forest area on vacant land with the aim that the land can be restored, maintained and improved for its fertility, erosion prevention, water supply maintenance, and serve as a carbon sink to help prevent global warming. In the period of 2011-2015 the greening area reached 27,052,314 ha.

c. Conservation Buildings for Soil and Water Soil and water conservation techniques in the form of construction building and control system, containment dams, water infiltration wells, reservoirs, dead-end trenches, ravine control etc., aims to maintain soil and lose water through controlling erosion, sedimentation and flooding so that land and water can be utilized optimally. The number of soil and water conservation buildings total 139 units from 2011-2015. During 2015 there were 15 buildings, 8 of which were on Lombok Island (North Lombok and West Lombok).

Meanwhile the strategic innovation in Provinsi NTB during 2018 are as follows:

a. Reforestation and Greening.

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In 2018 the area of reforestation was 425 hectares with the number of trees planted was 170,000, while greening was carried out as an effort to restore, maintain and improve the condition of the land so that the environment had good natural conditions. In 2017, the area of greening area was 8,997.43 hectares with the number of trees planted was 2,778,322, spread in almost all regencies / cities in West Nusa Tenggara except Central Lombok Regency, North Lombok and Mataram City.

b. Zero Waste Program. Waste is one of the main issues of urban life throughout Indonesia, especially large cities. Indonesia is world's second largest plastic waste contributor to the sea after China (Indonesia, the World's Second Largest Plastic Waste Contributor, 2016). The Ministry of Environment and Forestry estimates that in 2019 the total amount of waste in Indonesia will reach 68 million tons and plastic waste is estimated to reach 9.52 million tons or 14% of the total waste. NTB Zero Waste Province 2023 is a Movement Towards NTB as a Waste-Free Province in 2023. It is motivated by the concern of the Governor and Deputy Governor of NTB on the problem of waste in NTB. In 2018, only 20% of NTB waste is managed (handled by garbage transportation and waste recycling activities) while the rest is disposed of illegally and burned. This problem is feared to have a more serious impact not only on the environment and human health, but also on tourism. Based on Law Number 18 of 2008 concerning waste management, the Government and Regional Government are tasked with ensuring the implementation of good and environmentally sound waste management. NTB Zero Waste is based on the concept of waste-based management as follows:

1. Waste reduction by reducing the amount of waste from the source; 2. Recycling waste is by converting waste into a new form after going through the

processing process; 3. Reuse is reusing waste without processing 4. Circular economy is a business / economic model that combines the concepts of

reduce, reuse, recycle in the production / distribution process and consumption patterns of the community to achieve sustainable development.

The long-term goal of the NTB Zero Waste program is to achieve a management model that treats waste as a resource.

c. Organic Waste Processing Technology Bioconversion uses Black Soldier Fly (BSF). Black Soldier Fly (BSF) which has the Latin name Hermetia illucens is one type of fly that is unique, not eating at the stage of adult flies (has no mouth) so it does not have the potential to spread disease, the larvae (maggot) have the ability to process organic materials become a source of protein, producers of organic fertilizers or biological fertilizers and other derivative products that are useful for agriculture, livestock and fisheries. In order to reduce the volume of waste, especially organic waste, the use of BSF for processing waste is one of the best alternatives that are environmentally friendly. In collaboration with the Forest for Life Indonesia Foundation, the Environment and Forestry Agency of West Nusa Tenggara Province built a pilot project of bioconversion

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technology using BSF in Dusun Bebae, Lingsar, West Lombok. BSF waste processing capacity is planned to be 2.4 tons/day, from 2 bioreactors (each has 24 small bioreactor chambers). Processing capacity can be increased to reach a maximum of 4.8 tons/day.

d. Integrated Waste Management Information System (SMASH) Smash is a web & mobile based waste management information system that is mutually integrated and aims to support the operational activities of Waste Banks throughout Indonesia. Smash integrates the process of digitizing the Waste Bank by carrying out Practical, Transparent and Safe principles. The target of Smash users is Waste Banks throughout Indonesia, communities involved in waste sorting initiatives, as well as local governments throughout Indonesia to support the implementation of Smart City in the framework of better governance. Smash has been released to the public since January 2015 and has had more than 6,000 total users throughout Indonesia (100 active Bank Waste and 6,000 customers). The SMASH program will soon become a part of the zero-waste program in order to achieve zero waste Province in 2023. PROPER activity is an environmental management assessment program for the person in charge of the business and/or activity in the implementation of environmental documents/permits, water pollution control, air pollution control and hazardous waste management. So far, there have been many benefits obtained through the implementation of this program, which in turn can improve the quality of the environment, especially rivers. In 2018, 15 PROPER program participants included: 8 (eight) PLTDs, 4 (four) Pertamina, 1 (one) Agro industry, 1 (one) Mining Company and 1 (one) Bottled Drinking Water.

e. “Gempita Kreatif”

“Gempita Kreatif” is a collaborative and innovative movement to build forest governance initiated by the Environment and Forestry Agency of NTB Province as an effort to manage and utilize forests both inside and outside the forest area.

2.3.2.2. IKPLHD Kota Mataram


The environmental priority issues in Kota Mataram during 2018 are as follow:

a. Water Pollution The declining quality of surface and groundwater, mainly due to water pollution from industrial and household waste. Surface water pollution occurs in rivers that pass through the Kota Mataram, namely the Jangkuk River, Kaliancar River and Kali Berenyok River. Whereas groundwater pollution is mainly from total coliform bacterial contamination.

b. Ambient Air Pollution The decline in ambient air quality is due to an increase in the number of motorized vehicles and cars that contribute to emissions.

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c. Land Conversion The decline in green open space (RTH) because of land use changes caused by the development of the city’s infrastructure to accommodate the needs of its citizens, and frequent land owner sales lands.

d. Waste Issues The increasing domestic solid waste volume caused by increasing trade, industry and housing activities, and a lack of awareness of the residents to manage waste at the source (household).


The strategic innovation in Kota Mataram are as follows:

a. Reforestation and Greening Replanting on vacant land, especially on people's land, with perennials, such as fruit trees, plantation crops, terrace reinforcement plants.

b. Green Open Space The Parks Agency have expanded the area of Green Open Space and improved the function of Green Open Space. The intended Green Open Space includes City Parks, Median and Green Trails.

2.3.2.3. IKPLHD Kabupaten Lombok Utara


The environmental priority issues in Kabupaten Lombok Utara during 2018 are as follows:

a. Waste Management Total waste generation in Kabupaten North Lombok reaches 447.3 m3 per day (approximately 1.91 liter/person/day). Waste management is a priority issue in North Lombok because the amount of waste that goes into landfill every day is only 20% (93 m3 / day) of the total waste that reaches 447 m3 / day. The solid waste generation that is not transported to the landfill is partially left in the road / market, partially dumped in the river, and part of it is burned. Waste generated from livestock and fish farming activities has not yet been fully managed. For livestock waste, only some has been used for biogas and composting in a number of locations. While wastewater from fish farming ponds is not treated before being discharged into the sea.

b. Marine Ecosystem Degradation Marine ecosystems such as coral reef ecosystems, seagrasses and mangroves can be found in the Kabupaten Lombok utara. These three ecosystems are typical ecosystems in tropical regions that have high levels of productivity. The coral reef ecosystem, especially in Gili Matra, is a leading tourist destination. Monitoring results indicate a decrease in the percentage of coral cover by 5%.

c. Abrasion Abrasion occurred on the coast of Kabupaten Lombok utara as in the Gili Matra area, Tanjung coastal area. This abrasion causes a decrease in the extent of the beach and the storage area for fishing boats.

d. Land Use Conversion

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Land use in Kabupaten Lombok utara according to 2017 data shows that the largest allocation of converted land is plantations 44%, followed by rice fields 25%, settlements 18%, dryland agriculture 18%, fisheries 2%, and mining 0.1%. The average rate of conversion of paddy fields is 3.7% per year. The area of rice fields in 2010 was 9,920 hectares and the remaining area was 7,284 hectares in 2017.


The strategic innovation in Kota Mataram are as follows:

a. Community Engagement The involvement of the community in waste management is carried out by establishing community groups (KSM) at the village level, by providing facilities and infrastructure to manage household and livestock waste, as well as increasing community capacity through waste socialization and technical guidance.

b. Mangrove Planting To prevent abrasion caused by gradual sea level rise as a result of global warming and in the context of adaptation and mitigation of climate change, the DLH planted mangrove seedlings in Dusun Tembobor, Dusun Jambianom, Dusun Lekok dan Lempenge.

c. Coral Reef Rehabilitation In 2017, coral reef transplants were carried out in 3 locations; Mentigi, Penyambuan, and Lempenge. A total of 33 units were installed in the three locations.

d. Planting in Areas of Springs Outside Forest Areas and Planting on Critical Land In 2017, several plant seeds, for protected springs (PERMATA) were planted in Tegal Maja Village, Jenggala Village, Teniga Village and Sigar Penjalin Village. Whereas for critical land, trees were planted on Sambik Elen, Bayan, Mumbul Sari, Salut and Selengen

e. Construction of Water Trap/Reservoir The water trap construction program by the DLH Kabupaten Lombok Utara was carried out in 3 locations in 2017; Bentek, Desa Pabar Kecamatan Pemenang, Desan Tengak, Desa Bentek Kecamatan Gangga and Panasan, Desa Tegal Maja Kecamatan Tanjung.

f. New Rice Fields and Irrigation A total of 1,250 Ha of new rice fields are found in Kecamatan Bayan, Kecamatan Kayangan and Kecamatan Gangga. To irrigate the new paddy fields, the PUPR Agency constructed irrigation closed in the Desa Anyar, Sukadana, Mumbulsari, Gumantar and Genggelang. While the Agriculture Agency constructed 43 units of dam in the Kecamatan Bayang, Kayangan, Gangga, Tanjung and Pemenang.

g. Open Space Arrangement and Recreation Park Development In 2017, a green open space arrangement program was conducted at the Kerujuk. The development of a recreational park was carried out in several locations of schools, health centers, offices and sport arena.

h. Policy In 2017, Bupati Kabupaten Lombok Utara issued a Circular No: 660.2/215.1/DLHPKP/2017 concerning cleanliness and environmental sustainability. Lombok Utara Regent has revised Lombok Utara Regent Regulation No.7 Year 2014 into Lombok Utara Regent Regulation No.2 Year 2017 concerning Waste Management Implementation Guidelines.

2.3.2.4. IKPLHD Kabupaten Lombok Barat

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The environmental priority issues in Kabupaten Lombok Barat during 2018 are as follows:

a. Land Use Conversion The conversion of agricultural land is the result of increased development and community needs for settlements, so that many agricultural lands are transformed into commercial land/services and settlements.

b. Critical Land Critical land in western Lombok which has not been managed, reaches up to 19,709.51 hectares. This condition is exacerbated by the high conversion rate of forest land and the presence of illegal logging, forest encroachment, forest fires and natural disasters resulting in the degradation of forest and land resources, as well as decreasing water flow and loss of several springs.

c. Solid Waste Issues Environmental pollution caused by waste management at the household level is not optimal, and the community is still less concerned about waste management independently.

d. Spring Issue The loss of several springs occurred in all sub-districts in Kabupaten Lombok Barat. This was a consequence of trees loss, where the trees functioned as protective barriers for springs were cut down. This tree cutting occurred because of the location of the springs on private owned land by the residents. As such, the prohibition on tree cutting is difficult to be implement.

e. Mining and C-Excavation The increasing need for non-metal mine (sand, rock, soil, clay) due to the rapid development needs will potentially damage the nature. These rock mining activities are found in 9 sub-districts in Lombok Barat.

f. Natural Hazard Kabupaten Lombok Barat is highly vulnerable to geological disasters. The triggers of geological disasters include earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, flash floods, landslides and among others. Of the 10 existing sub-districts, 9 (nine) sub-districts were declared prone to landslides, and prone to flooding in several sub-districts and tsunami disasters in Kecamatan Sekotong and Kecamatan Lembar.

g. Air Pollution Burning of straw and the remains of agricultural produce is carried out by farmers after the completion of the harvest in almost all districts. Sme areas are covered with smog for during harvest time. This causes respiratory problems for the surrounding community.

h. Illegal Gold Mining Illegal gold mining within the Sekotong forest area is ensured to accelerate damage to the area's ecosystem, and the mercury waste generated would likely pollute the surrounding marine ecosystem. So, even though it occurs only in the Kecamatan Sekotong, environmental pollution due to illegal gold mining and logging activities by the community is in dire need of special attention from the Regional Government.


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The strategic innovation in Kabupaten Lombok Barat are as follows:

a. Improving environmental quality by the issuance of legal products related to environmental management, local Government Regulation No. 3 of 2013 concerning Environmental Protection and Management, and Regional Regulation No. 2017 concerning Solid Waste Management, Supervision of business actors and / or activities, Establishment of environmental complaint mechanism and monitoring of environmental quality.

b. Protection of natural resources including biodiversity conservation, protection of springs, land reclamation of ex-coal mining and coastal rehabilitation.

c. Improvement in environmental governance including planning for pollution control and / or environmental damage, critical land rehabilitation planning and protected areas.

2.3.2.5. IKPLHD Kabupaten Lombok Timur


The priority issue in Lombok Timur is flash floods that occurred in the Sambelia area in 2017. This was caused by heavy rains which fell in a relatively long period between February 8 and February 11. This event caused several villages in Sambelia Subdistrict to be swept away so that thousands of residents were forced to flee and be isolated. Flash floods have also closed road access and washed away bridges. Villages affected by flooding in the Sambelia area include Desa Sugian, Desa Sambelia, Desa Dara Kunci and Desa Belanting. This resulted in damage to residents' houses, the Pedek embankment broke down and resulted in road access being disrupted. This event also resulted in the breaking up of four bridges connecting villages in Kecamatan Sambelia.


Reforestation and greening as a strategic innovation was conducted during period of 2012-2015. About 90 hectares with 87,500 trees were planted in designated areas. The reforestation program was carried out by the government in collaboration with the community where the government distributes seeds to the community for planting. Reforestation was conducted in Kecamatan Labuhan Haji, Pringgasela, Wanasaba and Sukamulia.

2.3.3. Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF)

ESMF is belongs to RIDA (or Badan Pengembangan Infrastruktur Wilayah - BPIW) which meant to provide guidance to RIDA for the incorporation of the requirements of the World Bank safeguards policies and Indonesian environmental and social laws and regulations in the activities that are proposed to be financed under the Project. It also provides guidance for training and other capacity-building activities to strengthen Project implementing units/agencies at the central and destination level. ESMF final was released on Januray 2018. ESMF must be implemented by all parties involved in the Indonesia Tourism development Project.

The application of the ESMF varies by component and type of activity. Applicable to all components are: a description of the environmental, cultural and social characteristics of the priority tourism destination; a summary of the potential positive and negative impacts of the four project components, and typical mitigation measures for them; a summary of relevant World Bank Operational Policies (OPs) and Indonesian legislation and regulations, accompanied by a gap analysis; institutional arrangements for implementing the ESMF and recommendations for necessary capacity building; a grievance redress mechanism; requirements for disclosure and

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stakeholder consultation; and a procedure for monitoring, evaluating, and reporting on ESMF implementation and effectiveness.

ESMF for ITMP for Lombok will focus on these objectives: improve tourism-relevant road quality and basic services accessibility, strengthen local economy linkages to tourism, and promote private investment in Lombok tourism destination. The project consists of four components that together will enable the achievement of the Project:

a. Component 1: Improve tourism-relevant road quality and basic services accessibility of selected destinations,

b. Component 2: Promote local participation in the tourism economy, c. Component 3: Enhance the enabling environment for private investment and business

entry in tourism, and d. Component 4: Increase institutional capacity to facilitate integrated and sustainable

tourism development.

The ESMF is prepared to identify, avoid, reduce, and mitigate the risks of the potential social and environmental impacts that could result from investments supported under Component 1 and investments recommended in the ITMPs. The ESMF will also provide a mechanism to address impacts that could be associated with business development that emerges in response to business licensing simplification and investment promotion supported under Component 3. It provides guidance for RIDA in: (a) ensuring that the appropriate safeguards instruments are put in place for Component 1 investments to comply with GoI and World Bank safeguards requirements, and (b) incorporating the requirements of the Bank’s safeguards operational policies in plans and studies prepared under Component 4 or, when relevant, activities under Component 3. ESMF applies varies by type of Project activity with the following conditions:

a. The types of investments to be supported under Component 1 are known, but locations, sizes, and timing are not. In this situation, ESMF provides for screening proposed investments, guiding the identification of impacts, facilitating the preparation of safeguards instruments, reviewing and approving the instruments, and monitoring their implementation. The ESMF contains frameworks to guide the preparation of LARAP and IPP, and a screening checklist for investments.

b. The ESMF calls for inclusion of environmental awareness training in Component 2 programs, including relevant aspects of EHS Guidelines, and including the industry sector guidelines for tourism and hospitality development.

c. For Component 3, the ESMF calls for awareness raising of relevant aspects of EHS Guidelines, including the industry sector guidelines for tourism and hospitality development, amongst business license applicants/investors.

d. In the case of ITMPs under Component 4, the ESMF provides for incorporation of the requirements of the various Operational Policies (OPs) “upstream” in the planning process, so that they are considered in selection of sites for various types of investments and guide the preparation of the necessary safeguards instruments for the investment that will be implemented. For example, in the identification of “no-go zones” based on sensitivity of natural or cultural features, in early consultations with all stakeholders, including IPs and vulnerable groups, etc.

e. In the case of sectoral plans, also financed under Component 4, the ESMF requires that outputs include a preliminary assessment of environmental and social impacts, based on the World Bank safeguards policies and Indonesian laws and regulations and guides the

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preparation of the necessary safeguards instruments for the sectoral investment that will be implemented.

The subproject proponent/entity that will implement the proposed investment will prepare the required environmental management instrument (UKL-UPL or AMDAL/ESIA based on the result of the screening process and the on the Detailed Engineering Design (DED) of the subproject. If the screening process concludes that SOP is sufficient, the implementing entity will obtain the appropriate SOP from RIDA, which will prepare and issue all SOPs with the assistance of the PMS Consultant. The implementing entity will prepare and submit an SPPL containing its commitment to monitor and manage environmental and social impacts of the investments.

The investment proponent screens the proposed subproject(s) in a three-stage process:

a. Screening out of proposed subprojects that would contravene prohibitions in Indonesian laws or Bank Ops. The project will not finance subprojects which use asbsestos for construction, producing B3, result in conversion or degradation of natural habitat, degrade or destroy a cultural conservation area, use timber from illegal logging;

b. Screening based on physical thresholds established by Indonesian regulations, in this case Minister of Environment Regulation No.5 of 2012, which require AMDAL even if an ESMP would be sufficient under Bank OPs; and

c. Screening based on the potential environmental and social impacts. The MoE Regulation No. 5/2012 specifies that any activity regardless of scale that would be conducted in a sensitive area, such as protection forests, national parks, peatlands, coastal areas, cultural preservation districts, as defined in the regulation must be subjected to AMDAL. Identification of potential social impacts during the screening in the subproject area of influence will cover at least, but not limited to: • Potential numbers of affected persons in terms of involuntary land acquisition

and/or resettlement; • Potential impacts on gender, vulnerable groups, disabled; • Potential impacts on tangible and intangible local and cultural values; and • Presence of IPs and subprojects impacts on them

Meanwhile, under Bank OPs, proposed investments would be screened for significance of potential impacts, considering factors including the following:

• Numbers and characteristics of people likely to be affected and their location • Area of impacts, including project’s area of influence (ancillary facilities and

associated facilities • Duration or exposure of impact • Intensity of impacts • Severity and probability of impacts • Numbers of environmental component affected • Cumulative impacts • Reversibility of the impacts • Trans-boundary aspects, whether the impacts affect cross national borders.

Any activity prepared under the Project will be done in reference to the principles of sustainable development, including environmental, social, cultural, and economic considerations, as already governed in prevailing the Indonesia laws and regulations and the World Bank safeguards policies. The ESMF includes a comparison of Indonesian laws and regulations and World Bank safeguards policies and provides for gap-filling when Indonesian requirements and procedures do not meet

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the requirements of Bank OPs. There are cases in which Indonesian laws and regulations call for a higher level of environmental assessment than the Bank requires. The basic principle of the ESMF is that whichever requirement is the more stringent will be applied.

There are also gaps mainly in the form of inconsistent compliance and enforcement in different regions of the country, in functions such as administration of land development and enforcement that inders the proper management of induced impacts. The Land Acquisition and Resettlement Policy Framework (LARPF) applies to Project activities that involve involuntary land taking, resettlement and restriction of access to legally designated parks and protected areas resulting in direct economic and social impacts. The LARPF also applies to any technical assistance of which the outputs, if they are implemented, will involve physical investment that would entail involuntary land acquisition and resettlement causing potential economic and social impacts. The LARPF applies to:

a. Component 1: the physical investments and Feasibility Studies (FSs) and DEDs for these physical investments;

b. Component 4: ITMPs (including the Detailed Development Plans), and downstream sectoral master plans.

The ITMP’s Detailed Development Plan (DDPs)s will provide dedicated planning guidelines to manage and control development. Planners will use the relevant sections of the EHS Guidelines. Elements of DDPs based on the application of the safeguards policies as identified in ESMF will include:

• Environmental protection guidelines to protect and restore natural areas; • Cultural, religious, historic and archeological guidelines to protect valued features; • Visitor Management/Crowd Control Plans for tourism sites with limited carrying

capacity such as temples, heritage sites and cultural villages; • Proposed institutional arrangements to monitor the condition of natural, social and • cultural assets and to implement the plans for their protection; • Assessment of environmental, social (including IPs) and cultural heritage impacts

related to the preferred development scenario at an appropriate scale and level of detail, taking into account cumulative, indirect and induced impacts and impacts of associated facilities, and prepare a high-level mitigation and monitoring plans;

• Social Management Guidelines to avoid, or minimize potential social conflicts or adverse impacts due to the implementation of the development plan;

• Identify and discuss land acquisition and tenure issues related to the preferred development scenario; and provide guidance (in compliance with the LARPF) for the implementing stakeholders to prepare LARAP in case there is a potential involuntary land acquisition and resettlement;

• Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework to guide stakeholders in implementing the development plan in case that activities potentially affect IPs.

2.4. Indigenous Peoples Framework The Government of the Republic of Indonesia through the Ministry of Social Affairs has its own definition of Indigenous People as stated in Presidential Decree No. 111 of 1999 about Remote Indigenous Communities. Through this decree, indigenous people are often called Remote Indigenous Communities (Komunitas Adat Terpencil or KAT), and defined as socio-cultural groups that are local and dispersed, not receiving social, and economic services.

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Under this regulation there are six main characteristics to determine a Remote Indigenous Communities:

• They form a small community that is closed, social institutions that are homogeneous and based on kinship;

• They live in remote areas that are difficult to reach; • They work just to meet the needs of the household, not for income or profit (i.e.

subsistence); • They do not depend on technological tools as a means of production • They have a very high reliance on natural resources; and • They have limited access to political, economic and social services.

Other relevant regulations on the communal/ indigenous land rights, if any will be affected by tourism development, will refer the followings:

1. Law No. 41 of 1999 about Forestry 2. Minister of Agrarian/the Head of the National Land Agency Regulation Number 10 of 2016 3. Law No. 18 of 2004 on Plantation 4. Law No. 32 of 2009 on Protection and Management of Environment 5. Law No. 6 of 2014 on Village

The detail summary of each regulation above can be seen in Appendix X

For international compliance on the management of impacts from Lombok tourism development projects on indigenous people should refer to the World Bank OP 4.10 on Indigenous People. For the purposes of this policy, term of indigenous people refers to the following characteristics in varying degrees:

• Self-identification as members of a distinct indigenous cultural group and recognition of this identity by others;

• Collective attachment to geographically distinct habitats or ancestral territories in the project area and to the natural resources in these habitats and territories;

• Customary cultural, economic, social, or political institutions that are separate from those of the dominant society and culture; and

• Use of Indigenous language, often different from the official language of the country or region.

Of note the World Bank OP 4.10 observes requirements for developing an indigenous people plan should any impacts are identified from each of the individual projects implemented as part of the proposed Lombok tourism development.

Definitions and requirements of impacts management on indigenous people from the World Bank OP 4.10 have been adopted by the Ministry of Public Works and Housing in its ESMF for Indonesia tourism development program. In the case that a physical development located in areas with presence of indigenous people, an indigenous people plan (IPP) should be developed. A framework for undertaking assessment and development of IPP has been provided in the ESMF.

2.5. Cultural Heritage Framework Regarding Cultural Heritage, Indonesia’s main Law is Number 11 of 2010 on Cultural Heritage, which states that cultural heritage resulting from development or man-made materials

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(characterized as objects of cultural conservation in the form of buildings, structures, sites and area, either on land and in water) needs to be preserved because it bears important value for history, science, education, religion, and culture. The Law also provides criteria on objects for cultural conservation, i.e.:

• Aged 50 years or more / represents a minimum of 50 years lifestyle values or other characteristics;

• Has special meaning for history, science, education, religion, and / or culture; and

• Has a cultural value that strengthens the nation's identity?

Law Number 11 of 2010 does however also allows the establishment of cultural heritage status for objects or spaces not yet 50 years of age, provided that it has a special meaning for the people of Indonesia.

Conceptually, cultural conservation and cultural heritage both refer to the value of moveable or unmovable tangible (physical) objects. This concept has led to the perception that cultural conservation and cultural heritage are the same, as they both pertain to remnants of the past and objects that contain historical values. Formally however, cultural conservation and cultural heritage are actually different, and this is reflected in concepts in the regulation. There and in various literatures, it is explained that whilst cultural conservation is certainly a part of cultural heritage, cultural heritage is the same and does not necessarily entail cultural conservation.

The provisions of Law Number 11 of 2010 state that the object of cultural heritage is the result of man-built or man-made development and must go through the process of formal determination by the government, as set out in Chapter VI of Act Number 11 of 2010 on the Procedures of the National Heritage Register. According to this regulation, the process of defining an object as cultural heritage comprises a data collection process, registration, assessment, zoning and recording.

As a best practice, whenever a development project undertaken in an area contains objects that can be considered cultural heritage, it is important to legally verify whether the presence of these objects has been set by the central and local governments as cultural heritage and is therefore subject to the provisions of the regulation, or if it should be, i.e. is eligible to be subjected to the processes outline in the regulation, to attain recognition of its values and ensure appropriate treatment, which may or may not include conservation efforts.

For compliance with international standard on management of impacts or risks from Lombok tourism development, should refer to the World Bank OP 4.11 on Physical Cultural Resources, which has also been adopted in the Ministry of Public Works and Housing’s ESMF for Indonesia tourism development program. It observes requirements to assess potential cultural resources impacted by the Project and development of a physical cultural resource’s management plan, which include:

• Inventory and identification; • Undertaking consultation with relevant project-affected groups, concerned government

authorities, and relevant non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in documenting the presence and significance of cultural resources located in the proposed development locations;

• Disclosure of findings from the assessment of impacts and consultation; • Alternative management options for conservation or utilization; • Design preparation; and

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Strengthening capacity of the project implementer in avoiding or minimizing impacts on any identified physical cultural resources.

2.5.1. Sectoral Plan of Cultural Heritage Development

There are currently eleven heritage-listed sites in the island of Lombok that has been registered in Ministry of Education and Cultural. Three of which are located in the Kota Mataram, three in Central Lombok, two in West Lombok, two in East Lombok and one in North Lombok. While a majority of these heritage-listed sites fall under the religious structure typology, chiefly Mosques, other typologies include parks, cemeteries and sub-districts.

No. Name Regency/City Typology

1 Masjid Gunung Pujut Central Lombok Mosque

2 Masjid Rambitan Central Lombok Mosque

3 Pura Meru Cakranegara Kota Mataram Mosque

4 Taman Mayura Kota Mataram Park

5 Makam Seriwa Central Lombok Cemetery

6 Kompleks Taman Narmada West Lombok Park

7 Taman Lingsar West Lombok Mosque

8 Kompleks Makam Selaparang East Lombok Cemetery

9 Masjid Raudatul Muttaqin East Lombok Mosque

10 Masjid Kuno Bayan Beleq North Lombok Mosque

11 Kawasan Kota Ampenan Kota Mataram Sub-district

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Figure 16 Heritage-Listed Sites in Lombok

A cultural and heritage zone is defined as spaces around buildings of high cultural value as well as ancient sites and areas that have a distinctive natural geological formation. Republic of Indonesia Law Number 11, 2010, which concerns cultural heritage, outlines

Article 54 of the Central Lombok Planning Scheme (2011-2031) stipulates general provisions for general regulations for cultural and heritage sites; the prohibition of activities that can damage or disturb the conditions and characteristics of cultural and heritage areas, safeguarding and maintaining the preservation from various forms of threats by human and natural activities as well as the announcement of cultural and heritage sites to development stakeholders by the regional government. While the planning scheme maintains the need to preserve and revitalise sites of cultural and heritage value, it does not lay out an action plan to guide development or restoration both in and outside the site. This is similar in the West Nusa Tenggara Province and Kabupaten Lombok Timur Planning Scheme, both of which lack an outline of regulations and action plans but share a similar vision and mission for the preservation.

The Kota Mataram Planning Scheme (2011-2031) outlines development plans, zoning regulations, design guidelines for heritage sites as well as a fundamental heritage site preservation and development action plan. While the North Lombok and Kabupaten Lombok Barat planning schemes do not set out an action plan, it identifies the overall heritage development vision and mission as well as an outline of planning regulations concerning development around and the preservation of heritage-listed sites.

Table 21 Heritage sites legal basis

1

5

2

7

6 8

9

10

11 3

4

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Heritage Vision and Mission Outline of Regulations Action Plans

UNESCO ✓

NTB ✓

Kota Mataram ✓ ✓ ✓

Central Lombok ✓

West Lombok ✓ ✓

North Lombok ✓ ✓

East Lombok ✓

NTB Province’s Points of Regional Indigenous Thought (PPKD) listed the cultural heritage potential and issues. The main issue of cultural heritage in NTB, including Lombok Island, are there is no dedicated regulation discussing about the cultural asset as well as heritage sites and lack of data. As the most relevant document, dedicated to cultural aspects, this document mainly discusses about the profile of cultural heritage and general resolution towards the issue of each assets. The strategies proposed in this document are mostly promoting the heritage site to the UNESCO and develop a dedicated board/authority.

With only Mataram has its own action plans towards heritage sites that stipulated in Kota Mataram Planning Scheme (2011-2031), the government should form a heritage development board/authority that monitor, preserve, and promote the heritage site. This heritage development board/authority should integrate and manage the asset from national to sectoral level.

2.5.1.1. Case Study: National Heritage Board of Singapore

A comprehensive action plan concerning the heritage-listed sites can be referred to Singapore’s National Heritage Plan from National Heritage Board (NHB) of Singapore. The plan aims to create a multicultural, cohesive society where heritage is valued and engaged with. The plan consists of a detailed action plan as well as a list of heritage sites, cultures, communities and treasures. It aims to strengthen research and documentation, enliven historic precincts, infuse heritage in public places as well as promote greater awareness of natural monuments. The plan is transparent and community-inclusive, allowing for the community to review as well as create feedback for the plan.

National Heritage Board of Singapore (NHB) was formed in 1 August 1993 as a statutory board under the Ministry of Culture, Community and Youth. NHB’s mission is to preserve and celebrate the shared heritage of Singapore’s by managing museums and heritage institutions, and sets policies relating to heritage sites.

One of NHB’s action is through the Our SG Heritage campaign. Their action plans are:

1. Incorporate Heritage Considerations into Planning The aim is to achieve a balance between meeting Singapore’s development needs and maintaining the history and character of our places

2. Create a Tangible Heritage Inventory

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Make documents, developing a tangible heritage inventory, serve a comprehensive database and share all the information of heritage sites. Because of that, the public can learn and develop a deeper appreciation for heritage sites.

3. Strengthen Research and Documentation Not only share the data, but also strengthen research and documentation for the heritage sites. These efforts will be increasing knowledge and technique on restoring and maintaining historical properties.

4. Enliven our Historic Precincts collaborate more closely with the relevant agencies and precinct partners to introduce ways to showcase the unique characteristics of our colorful and historical precincts.

5. Infuse Heritage in Public Places It necessary for partnering with other parties and support heritage sites for developing infrastructure, accessibility, public places, and others.

6. Promote Greater Awareness of National Monuments It necessary to introduce a new program entitled Milestones Through Monuments, that will showcase Singapore’s National Monuments and highlight how different monuments have played important roles during significant episodes in Singapore’s history.

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3. Spatial Plan, Sectoral Plan, and Tourism Guidelines

3.1. Analysis of the Spatial Planning Policy 3.1.1.1. Government Regulation of Republic of Indonesia No 13 of

2017 about National Spatial Planning

Government Regulation (Peraturan Pemerintah) Number 13 of 2017 stipulates policy directives and spatial utilization on the national level. The objectives of this plan are to actualize a safe, comfortable, productive and sustainable national spatial plan. The spatial plan on every level in Indonesia should refer and comply to this national plan. As a guidance for spatial development on provincial to local level, it determines the criteria and definition of an area.

Spatial Structure of Nusa Tenggara Barat in Government Regulation No.13 of 2017

Spatial structure development in this government regulation mainly divided into two aspects: • Improvement of governmental service for urban area and economic growth center • Improvement of quality and coverage of integrated transportation, telecommunication,

energy, and water resources that distributed evenly across the national area The key points of this government regulation are accelerating the development of activity centers and connection between them. Activity centers from national to local level and urban to rural area and interconnection between through economic and infrastructure interaction are stipulated as a general action plan as part of the national level strategy. Infrastructure access and service provision is the main direction in this document to integrate urban area, rural area, and its surrounding. The development of activity centers relies on the accessibility improvement between regions to encourage economic growth and development of new activity centers in an integrated, inclusive, and sustainable manner. ITMP Lombok should include the integration of the designated center of activity (PKN, PKW, PKWp) for some of those activity center will be the center of infrastructure service provision for tourism destinations. Road accessibility and infrastructure development of ITMP could refer to this document in terms of hierarchy and main connectivity between activity center and to position where the access to destinations could be integrated to the road network at national level.

Spatial Pattern of Nusa Tenggara Barat in Government Regulation No.13 of 2017

To preserve and create a sustainable living environment, PP Number 13 of 2017 designated a reserve area on the province and islands level. Nusa Tenggara Islands where Lombok Island situated is regulated to provide a reserve area of at least 30% of the island, preserving its condition, character, and ecosystem that proportionally distributed.

Tourism development in this document is discussed under the explanation of allowed utilization of each area. Those are where tourism could take place are:

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• Protection Forest (with limitation) • Kawasan Gambut (peat area) • Nature Reserve, Marine Nature Reserve, Wildlife Reserve, and Marine Wildlife Reserve Area • National Park and Marine National Park • Taman Hutan Raya • Nature and Marine Nature Tourism Area • Coastal and Small Islands Conservation (with limitation) • Maritime and Water Conservation Area • Cultural Reserve • Kawasan Plasma Nutfah • Animal Migration Area • Mangrove Ecosystem Area

PP no.13 of 2017 controls the spatial development through criteria and identification of areas and types of permitted utilization. It also acts as a guidance for officials in giving land utilization permits based on planned structures and spatial pattern stipulated in this Government Regulation.

Strategic Area of Government Regulation No.13 of 2017

Strategic area defined in the Government Regulation (PP) No.13 of 2017 are:

• Strategic water conservation area: National ocean and coastal area with attractive and live sustaining natural resources

• Strategic cultural heritage area: Heritage sites; conservation and preservation area including its indigenous value; cultural heritage quality improvement sites

Above are the strategic areas at the national level. Those areas are closely related to the tourism where attractive natural resources and cultural heritage are part of tourism experiences that generates tourist and local economy. In relation to ITMP in Lombok, those area categorized as conservation and cultural preservation area are national strategic areas which tourism could be the leading sector in developing the area.

3.1.1.2. Presidential Regulations No. 56 of 2014 about Nusa Tenggara Spatial Planning

The Nusa Tenggara Islands are a group of islands covering two provinces namely West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) and East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). The aim of the Nusa Tenggara Islands Spatial Plan is the realization of a center for economic growth based on tourism, fisheries and marine affairs, horticulture and plantations, food crop agriculture, forestry, mineral mining, and oil and gas that are competitive with sustainable principles. The strategy for tourism development is carried out by implementing ecotourism-based, cultural tourism and marine tourism as well as organizing meetings, incentive trips, conferences and exhibitions.

Spatial Structure of Nusa Tenggara Islands

The national spatial structure includes the national urban center system, the national transportation network system, the national energy network system, the national telecommunications network system, and the water resources network system.

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Figure 17 Nusa Tenggara Spatial Structure

The directives for the distribution of regional economic growth centers or national urban systems in the Nusa Tenggara Islands are divided into National Activity Centers (PKN), Regional Activity Centers (PKW), and National Strategic Activities Centers (PKSN). But in NTB Province there are only PKN and PKW, including:

• PKN (National Activity Center), include Mataram • PKW (Regional Activity Center), include Praya, Raba, dan Sumbawa Besar

The regional spatial structure also directs a range of transportation network services development in Nusa Tenggara Islands. Following are transportation infrastructure development directions established by provincial government of West Nusa Tenggara Province:

• Development of a national strategic road network to encourage the economy of the Nusa Tenggara Islands and open isolation of the Border Area, including Small Islands, is carried out on the Lombok Island Road Network that connects the Ampenan Winner, Pemenang-Tanjung-Bayan-Medas-Dasan Beluk-Sambelia-Labuhan Lombok, Gerung-Kuripan-Simpang Penujak-Praya, Kuta-Sengkol-Simpang Penujak, and Lembar-Sekotong-Pelangan.

• Sea transportation includes the National Port in Lembar (NTB), Bima (NTB), and Labuhan Lombok (NTB).

• Air transportation includes the Secondary Spread Center Airport in Selaparang / Praya (NTB) and the Tertiary Deployment Center in Muhammad Salahuddin (NTB).

Spatial Pattern of Nusa Tenggara Barat Province

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Figure 18 Tourism Spatial Patterns of Nusa Tenggara Islands

The national spatial pattern includes protected areas and cultivation areas including mainstay areas with prospective leading sectors to be developed as well as national strategic areas. The following is the distribution and designation of the Mainstay Area around the island of Lombok which enters the Nusa Tenggara Islands:

• The Lombok region and its surroundings with the leading sectors of agriculture, marine fisheries, tourism, industry and mining.

• Lombok Strait Sea Mainstay Area with leading sectors of marine fisheries and tourism. • Flores Sea Mainstay Area with leading sectors of fisheries and tourism.

In addition to the designation of the Mainstay Zone, the Nusa Tenggara Islands also have several groups of National Strategic Areas such as the Bima Integrated Economic Development Zone (NTB), the Gunung Rinjani Region (NTB), and the State Border Areas including 19 outermost islands (Sophialouisa Island or Sepatang Island in NTB).

3.1.1.3. Provincial Level Spatial Plan (RTRW Provinsi NTB 2009-2029)

Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat Tahun 2009-2029 Provincial Spatial Plan (RTRW) generally directs the functions of the planning area as a leading area for agribusiness and tourism. The leading agribusiness and tourism areas are realized through:

• Revitalizing the development of agriculture, livestock, plantations and fisheries. • Acceleration of the development of coastal, marine and small islands. • Accelerating the development of tourism and cultural areas. • Acceleration of the development of small and medium industries including home industries

and crafts. • Accelerated development of transportation, energy, telecommunications, water resources,

sanitation and solid waste infrastructure. • Recovery and preservation of protected areas.

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• In the review of the NTB Province RTRW for 2009-2029 the explanation will be divided based on the direction of the spatial structure and spatial pattern by determining the strategic area within it.

Spatial Structure of Nusa Tenggara Barat Province

RTRW of NTB Province directs the spatial structure by regulating the composition of settlement centers and infrastructure network systems that function as community’s socio-economic activity supporters with hierarchical and functional relationship within the NTB Province administrative area. NTB spatial structure development policy includes:

• Increasing the role and function of new growth centers and developing the roles and functions of existing growth centers.

• Development of island-based spatial structures for Lombok Island and region-based for Sumbawa Island.

• Improving the quality and coverage of integrated services of transportation infrastructure, telecommunications, energy and electricity networks, water resources, solid waste and sanitation according to the needs of the province.

The urban system consists of a national urban system: National Activity Center (PKN) and Regional Activity Center (PKW) at the regional level as well as the provincial urban system, namely the Local Activity Center (PKL). Urban systems in Lombok Island consist of:

• PKN in Mataram. • PKW in Praya. • The other capitals of the regency are designated as Promotional Area Activities Centers

(PKWp), namely Gerung, Tanjung, Selong, Taliwang, Dompu, and Woha. • PKL are in Lembar, Narmada, Kopang, Sengkol, Mujur, Bayan, Pemenang, Masbagik,

Keruak, and Labuhan Lombok.

The national transportation network system in NTB Province is divided into land, sea and air transportation systems. Transportation supporting infrastructure in NTB Province RTRW are:

• Class A passenger terminals in Mataram, Gerung, Sumbawa Besar and Raba. • Collector ports in Lembar, Labuhan Lombok, and Bima • Special passenger ports on the coast of Kota Mataram • Secondary scale collector airport in Selaparang / Praya • Tertiary scale collector airport at Muhammad Salahuddin, Bima

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Figure 19 Map of Provincial Spatial Plan (RTRW) 2009-2029 Spatial Structure.

Source: RTRW Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat 2009-2029

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Spatial Pattern of Nusa Tenggara Barat Province

Spatial Patterns of NTB Province RTRW regulate the distribution of spatial allocation within the NTB Province administrative area which includes protected and cultivation functions. Determination of National Protected Areas within the NTB Province includes:

• Areas that provide protection for national subordinate areas include Protection Forests, and Water catchment areas.

• Nature reserve areas, nature preservation and national cultural heritage include: Nature Reserve (CA.), Wildlife Reserve (BC), National Park (TN.) Gunung Rinjani, Nuraksa Forest Park (Tahura) and Nature Park (TWA).

The classification of the cultivation area is divided into permanent and limited-production forest designation areas, allotment areas for food crops and horticulture, plantation allotment areas, livestock designation areas, mining allotment areas, tourism allotment areas, fisheries, marine and small islands, industrial allotment area, settlement allocation area, and other allotment areas. The allotment of cultivation areas that are related to the development of integrated tourism on Lombok Island is the Tourism Allocation Area. NTB Province’s Tourism Allocation Area on Lombok Island includes:

• Senggigi and its surrounding. • Suranadi and its surrounding. • Gili Gede and its surrounding. • Benang Stokel and its surrounding. • Dusun Sade and its surrounding. • Selong Belanak and its surrounding. • Kuta dan sekitarnya, Gili Sulat and its surrounding. • Gili Indah and its surrounding. • Gunung Rinjani and its surrounding.

Strategic Area of Nusa Tenggara Barat Province

NTB Province Strategic Area is an area in which activities that have a major influence on spatial planning in the surrounding area, other activities in similar fields and activities in other fields, as well as improving community welfare take place. The strategic area of economic growth interest in NTB Province and area that can influence the interests of ITMP Lombok are as follows:

Metro Mataram covering the Kota Mataram, Batulayar District, Gunungsari District, Lingsar District, Narmada District, Labuapi District and Kecamatan Kediri with leading sectors of trade-services, industry and tourism.

Senggigi-Tiga Gili (Air, Meno, and Trawangan) and its surroundings in Kabupaten Lombok Barat Regency and Kabupaten Lombok Utara with leading sectors of tourism, industry and fisheries.

Agropolitan Rasimas in Kabupaten Lombok Timur with leading sectors of agriculture, industry and tourism.

Kuta and its surroundings in Kabupaten Lombok Tengah Regency, parts of Kabupaten Lombok Barat Regency and parts of Kabupaten Lombok Timur with leading sectors of tourism, industry and fisheries.

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Figure 20 Map of NTB Province RTRW 2009-2029 Spatial Patterns.


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Figure 21 Map of NTB Province RTRW 2009-2029 Strategic Area.


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3.1.1.4. Region Level Spatial Plan (RTRW Kota / Kabupaten)

Every city and district in Lombok have an important role in NTB Province context. The main activities are divided into certain strategic fields on a national, provincial and city / district scale, including strategic economic sectors, environmental carrying capacity, and socio-cultural development. The development of the transportation system in the perspective of general function or tourism is also divided into ports and bus terminals (types A, B, and C). The following section is a brief description of the characteristics of each region based on the City / District RTRW.

RTRW of Kota Mataram

Kota Mataram has an area of 6,130 hectares consisting of six sub-districts and 50 villages (kelurahan/desa). The aim of Kota Mataram spatial plan is to create Mataram as a city of Education, Trading and Service, Industry, and Tourism based on local wisdom that supported by city’s amenity that is sustainable.

Figure 22 Administrative Map of Kota Mataram.

Source: Peraturan Daerah Kota Mataram Tahun 2011

The object of the RTRW discussion is divided into three: spatial structure, spatial pattern, and strategic area of Kota Mataram.

Kota Mataram Spatial Structure Policy and Strategy

Kota Mataram is the capital of the Nusa Tenggara Barat Province that functioning as a National Activity Center (PKN) and provincial strategic area. Spatial structure policy and strategy is divided into the development of urban spatial structure and infrastructure service network.

The strategy of urban spatial structure development is by accelerating Mataram role as PKN in terms of regional governmental function and facilities development to accommodate industrial and commercial activity in international, national, and regional scale. As PKN, the center of activities in

945 Ha

1,032 Ha

1,076 Ha

1,077 Ha

967 Ha

1,032 Ha

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Mataram must be designated and developed in terms of service provision and infrastructure especially the transportation system.

Urban systems in Kota Mataram in hierarchial order are: • City Service Centers (PPK) • City Service Sub-centers (SPPK) • Neighbourhood Centers (PL)

as shown in the following figure:

Figure 23 Map of Kota Mataram Spatial Structure. Source: Peraturan Daerah Kota Mataram Tahun 2011

In accelerating the quality and coverage of accessibility and transportation network to integrate between activity centers, this spatial plan stipulates some action plan that related to the tourism development:

• Develop public transport stops in strategic location • Develop the public transport and logistic route in a highly-generated traffic area • Develop and strengthen the network, layout, and sailing route of Ampenan Port as a

tourism port as well as accelerating the facilities comprehensiveness • Develop a tourism route between island, region, and international

This spatial plan also regulates mitigation and evacuation route for certain road which explained in detail. Anticipating flood, high tide / tsunami and abrasion, earthquake, and fire. ITMP Lombok implementation in Mataram could refer to this document as a guideline to integrate the stipulated mitigation plan.

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Kota Mataram Spatial Pattern Policy and Strategy

Kota Mataram spatial pattern consist of Protected Areas and Cultivation Areas development, as shown in the following figure:

Figure 24 Map of Kota Mataram Spatial Patterns. Source: Peraturan Daerah Kota Mataram Tahun 2011

Protected Area

Protected area is an area that is determined to protect environmental preservation which includes natural resources and artificial resources, such as water catchment areas, local borders / protection, cultural heritage, disaster prone areas, and green open spaces.

As tourism in Lombok are mostly beach and coastal destination, coastal setback regulation as part of Local Protected Area regulates that 30 – 200 meter from the highest tide towards the land could be utilized for recreational spaces with temporary or non-permanent structure.

Cultural heritage should be taken into consideration in ITMP for Mataram tourism to revitalize and establish a supporting infrastructure for the preservation. Listed in this document the cultural heritage sites in Mataram are:

• Taman Mayura – Pura Meru in Cakranegara Utara District • Van Ham Cemetery in Cilinaya District • Old Town in Ampenan District • Loang Baloq Cemetery in Tanjung Karang District • Bintaro Cemetery in Bintaro Ampenan District

Cultivation Area

Cultivation Area is an area that is determined to be utilized based on the conditions and potential of natural resources, human resources, and artificial resources. Tourism area development is one of the cultivation area strategies that is adapted to the carrying capacity and capacity of the environment.

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The direction of tourism development in Kota Mataram divided into beach, cultural, religious, man-made, and culinary tourism. All those categories have each designated area in district level according to their conditions and potential.

Related to ITMP is the directives of disaster evacuation area which designated in East, West, and South part of Kota Mataram. It also includes some guidelines in utilizing and developing area that are designated for disaster evacuation.

Strategic Area of the Kota Mataram

Figure 25 Map of Kota Mataram Strategic Area. Source: Peraturan Daerah Kota Mataram Tahun 2011

As seen in the picture above, the tourism strategic area is indicated by the blue area. This area will have two strategy directions:

• International, national, regional, and local scale of urban economic function as the main drivers for regional development.

• Development of Meeting, Incentive, Convention and Exhibition (MICE) tourism areas that are environmentally-based, natural tourism areas, religious tourism areas, cultural tourism areas, culinary tourism areas, shopping tourism areas, and artificial tourism areas.

Kawasan Koridor AMC (Ampenan – Mataram – Cakranegara) or AMC Corridor Area is the strategic area for the economic acceleration in tourism sector. This strategic corridor is located between and divides all six sub-districts in Mataram. As the forerunner to the development of Mataram Metropolitan Area, this corridor’s development direction composed of trade and services, offices, and public services as seen on Figure 30.

From the perspective of economic acceleration, tourism is one of the main sectors in developing the strategic area of Kota Mataram. There are six strategic tourism area which are:

• Former area of Selaparang Airport • Mayura Area, in Mayura district • Mapak area, in Tanjung Karang district • Waterside Town area in Bintaro district

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• Sekarbela Pearl in Pagesangan district • Sayang-sayang area in Rembiga district

Figure 26 Graphical Sumary of Kota Mataram RTRW 2011-2031

Source: Peraturan Daerah Kota Mataram Tahun 2011

RTRW of Kabupaten Lombok Utara

Kabupaten Lombok Utara is a Regency located in north of Lombok Island. Kabupaten Lombok

Utara has five sub-districts and 33 villages.

Figure 27 Graphical Sumary of Kabupaten Lombok Utara RTRW 2011-2031

Source: RTRW Kabupaten Lombok Utara

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Regional Spatial Structure Policy and Strategy

The spatial planning of Kabupaten Lombok Utara is directed to be the development of tourism, plantations, and agro industries. Plans for the spatial structure of Kabupaten Lombok Utara are divided into three: activity centers, the main infrastructure network system, and other infrastructure network systems.

The policy and strategy of spatial development is elaborated based on tourism, agro industry, and cultivation. The strategy is elaborated by its location and aspect in quite detail as a reference for the ITMP.

One of the strategies that need to be highlighted is the protected forest utilization. Kabuptaen Lombok Utara should preserve 30% of of its area as the protected forest. This is in line with the PP no.13 of 2017.

Spatial structure of Kabupaten Lombok Utara consists of activity centers, main infrastructure and supplementary infrastructure network. Activity centers are the center of infrastructure service with designated function to support other area. Main infrastructure network consists of air and sea transportation network, while other infrastructure network are electricity, telecommunication, water, sanitation, waste, and disaster mitigation. All of which are the guidelines in implementing ITMP Lombok in Lombok Utara.

The center of activity designated in this spatial planning are:

• The Promotional Area Activity Center (PKWp) is an urban area that functions as a service, processing, and transportation node center serving several districts located in the Tanjung City

• Local Activity Centers (PKL) are urban areas that function to serve district / city – scale or some sub-districts activity, located in Bayan (Anyar) and Pemenang (West and East Pemenang).

• Promotional Local Activity Centers (PKLp) are in the Kayangan Area • Regional Service Centers (PPK) are other urban areas that function to serve sub-district

level or several villages in Senaru and Sukadana activities. • Environmental Service Center (PPL) is a residential center that serves activities between

villages. Located in Sigar Penjalin, Selengen and Rempek.

Regional Spatial Pattern

The plan for the spatial pattern of Kabupaten Lombok Utara consists of: Protected Area

The amount of Protected Area in Kabupaten Lombok Utara is 30.87% or 24.992 Ha and it has many functions such as Forest area, Water Catchment area, Local Protected Area, Nature reserve area, Disaster – Prone Areas, and Geological Protected Area and other functions.

The current percentage of protected area is in compliance with the PP No.13 of 2017. This document also stipulates the criteria of protected forest and its directives as an action plan guideline for the ITMP.

Cultivation Area

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Tourism area is one of the designated areas in the cultivation area. This area is divided into four types, such as Nature tourism, Maritime tourism, Cultural tourism, and Man-made tourism. Cultivation area is also intended for minimal infrastructure development including telecommunications, electricity, clean water, drainage, waste disposal and solid waste; Public toilets, parking lots, open fields, local scale shopping centers, religious facilities and health facilities; vehicle rental, ticketing, money changer.

Changes in tourism zones are possible for environmental protection purposes. Development of natural-forest tourist objects and attractions can take advantage of the protected forest zones by paying attention to the direction of the zoning regulations. Other activities that are not suitable and have permits in the tourism area must adjust at the end of the permit period and other activities that do not have permission to be relocated no later than 3 (three) years.

Figure 28 Kabupaten Lombok Utara Spatial Patterns.


Strategic Area of Lombok Utara

The strategic area of Kabupaten Lombok Utara consists of: a. The National Strategic Area (KSN)

Based on the environmental interests of the SDA named as the Gunung Rinjani National Park Region.

b. Provincial Strategic Area (KSP) Designated for the benefit of economic growth, those are Senggigi Region, Tiga Gili

c. District Strategis Area (KSK) • KSK for the importance of environmental carrying capacity are:

Pandan Mas Strategic Area (Pandan Mas Forest in bentek Village, Gangga Subdistrict) • KSK for the importance of economic growth with tourism as the leading sector are:

Area of Sire - Medane covers part of Tanjung District (Sigar Penjalin Village, and Desa Medana)

• KSK for the importance of social cultural are:

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Bayan Indigineous People Cultural Site in Bayan district including Bayan, Senaru, and Sukadana village

Figure 29 Kabupaten Lombok Utara Strategic Area map.


RTRW of Kabupaten Lombok Timur

Figure 30 Graphical Sumary of Kabupaten Lombok Timur


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The area of Kabupaten Lombok Timur is 2,679.88 Km² consisting of land area of 1,605.55 Km² and sea area of 1,074.33 Km². The purpose of Kabupaten Lombok Timur spatial planning is to develop agro-industry, fisheries and marine and sustainable tourism while still considering the carrying capacity of the environment.

Regional Spatial Structure of Kabupaten Lombok Timur

The direction of activity centers in Kabupaten Lombok Timur is divided into:

• Area Promotional Activity Centers (PKWp) Selong city. • Local Activity Centers (PKL), named as Masbagik, Labuan Lombok (Pringgabaya District)

and Keruak District. • Promotional Local Activity Centers (PKLp), named as Terara, Sakra, and Aikmel • Area Service Center (PPK) and Lokal Service Center (PPL) are distributed in various

regions in Kabupaten Lombok Timur Regency.

Main infrastructure network consists of air and sea transportation network, while other infrastructure network are electricity, telecommunication, water, sanitation, waste, and disaster mitigation. All of which are the guidelines in implementing ITMP Lombok in Lombok Utara.

One of the land system directives that influence tourism is the construction of the Ekas - Kaliantan tourism road network located in Jerowaru District. While for the sea transportation network system consists of:

• Main Port in Labuhan Lombok Kecamatan Pringgabaya. • Feeder Port in Telong elong Kecamatan Jerowaru, Labuhan Haji Kecamatan Labuhan

Haji, dan di Tanjung Luar Kecamatan Keruak. • The shipping flow consists of:

Kayangan – Poto Tano (Sumbawa Barat). Rencana pelabuhan Telong elong – Benete (Sumbawa Barat). Rencana pelabuhan Labuhan Haji – Benete (Sumbawa Barat).

Regional Spatial Pattern of Kabupaten Lombok Timur

The spatial pattern of Kabupaten Lombok Timur is divided into designated protected areas and cultivation areas. One of the allotments in the cultivation area is the allotment of tourism. Tourism designation areas consist of the distribution of natural tourism, cultural tourism, and artificial tourism designation areas. The allotment area for natural tourism consists of:

• Mountain Nature Tourism consist of Mount Rinjani and Segara Anak Lake and others nature tourism such as landscape view, waterfall, hills, and Agro-Tourism.

• Marine / coastal tourism consists of Beach and Bay Tourism, Underwater Tourism, Gili and other tourism destinations which have the potential to be developed.

• Cultural tourism designation area is in Selong District, Aikmel District, Many others. • Artificial tourism designation area is in some village. While for tourism development and

management in the form of gillies, it is carried out in a limited manner by considering the provisions of conservation, preservation of existing habitats and biota.

Strategic Area of Kabupaten Lombok Timur

Mount Rinjani National Park is a National Strategic Area from the perspective of cultural preservation. While the Provincial Strategic Area for the importance of economic growth are:

Walter Jamieson

This might be sufficient for now. It must take into account intangible heritage which is discussed extensively in my new book in which I could add at a later date.

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RASIMAS (Sakra, Sikur, and Masbagik) with several area of Kuta and its surrounding, both have tourism as the leading sector.

Regency Strategic Area (KSK) of Kabupaten Lombok Timur divided into three categories:

• KSK for economic importance: Selong as the residential and industry center; Sembalun as agropolitan center; Aikmel – Wanasaba as farming and agriculture; and Keruak-Jerowaru as minapolitan center.

• KSK for social cultural importance Selaparang cultural tomb area; and traditional village residential in Sembalun and Suela District.

• KSK for environmental importance Lombok Botanial Park in Leor and Sambiela forest ecosystem.

RTRW of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah

The administrative area of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah covers land area of approximately 120,839 Ha, sea area as far as 4 nautical miles from the coastline covering an area of approximately 67,000 Ha, and airspace. The aim of spatial planning in Kabupaten Lombok Tengah is to be the center and entrance to Lombok Island tourism which supported by local culture, agriculture, maritime affairs and fisheries while still observing sustainable development and the environment.

Figure 31 Graphical Summary of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah RTRW


Regional Spatial Structure of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah

The direction of activity centers in Kabupaten Lombok Timur is divided into:

• Area Promotional Activity Centers (PKWp) in Praya.

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• Local Activity Centers (PKL) in Kopang, Sengkol, and Mujur. • Promotional Local Activity Centers (PKLp) in Puyung, Mantang, Janapria, and Sleong

Belanak. • Area Service Center (PPK) in Teratak, Ubung, and Pringgarata • Local Service Center (PPL) is distributed in various regions in Kabupaten Lombok Timur

Regency.

Main infrastructure network consists of air and sea transportation network, while other infrastructure network are electricity, telecommunication, water, sanitation, waste, and disaster mitigation. All of which are the guidelines in implementing ITMP Lombok in Lombok Tengah.

The sea transportation network system consists of port planning and sailing route. Port development in Regency level consist of:

• National Fishery Port (PPN) of Awang in Pujut District to become the National Port. • Development of dock to support tourism in Pujut and Praya Barat district.

Regional Spatial Pattern of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah

The spatial pattern consists of protected areas and cultivation areas. One of the allotments of the cultivation area is the tourism area. The allotment area of tourism in Kabupaten Lombok Tengah includes:

• The area of natural tourism objects includes natural forest tourism and / inland waters in North Batukliang District, Pujut, and West Praya, marine tourism in Pujut District, West Praya and Southwest Praya, and volcanological geology in North Batukliang District, Kopang, Pujut and Praya Barat.

• The area of historical tourism objects includes traditional settlements in Pujut District, ancient mosques in Pujut District and historic tombs in Kopang District, Central Praya, Pujut, Janapria, Batukliang, East Praya, and Praya.

• The area of cultural tourism objects includes earthenware crafts in West Praya District, weaving crafts in Jonggat District and woven crafts in East Praya and Janapria Districts.

• Artificial tourist areas include special festivals spread throughout the sub-districts and agro-tourism in North Batukliang District.Utara.

Protected forest in Kabupaten Lombok tengah is covering 9,596.85 hectares (80%) of the whole regency distributed in Mount Rinjani forest (8,082 hectares), Mareje Bonga forest (727 hectares), Gunung Pepe forest (404 hectares), Pelangan forest (383 hectares).

In addition to the allotment of tourism that is influential in the development of ITMP Lombok, there are also other allotment areas. Those other areas consist of the central area of government and coastal areas and small islands, with the distribution of:

• Central government areas at Praya Urban Area. • Coastal areas and small islands including: coastal areas and small islands found in West

Praya District, East Praya District and Pujut District.

Strategic Area of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah

Strategic area of Kabupaten Lombok Tengah consists of area with importance of environmental carrying capacity which is Mount Rinjani covering 3,675 hectares of land in Batukliang Utara and Kopang district, 30.4% of Lombok Tengah area at 120,839 hectares.

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From the Economic Growth Interest perspective, the district’s strategic area in Kabupaten Lombok Tengah includes:

• Kuta and surrounding areas in Pujut District with leading tourism and industrial sectors. • The Selong Belanak and surrounding areas in the District of West Praya and the Praya

Barat Daya Subdistrict with the leading sectors of tourism and industry. • Sade and surrounding areas in Pujut District with the leading tourism sector. • Aik Meneng Agropolitan Area which includes North Batukliang Subdistrict, Kopang District

and Janapria Sub-District with leading sectors of agro-industry, tourism and conservation. • Minapolitan in Gerupuk and Awang area with leading sector of fishery and industry.

From social cultural perspective, in this spatial plan strategic areas of cultural heritage are:

• Baju Rijang sites and its surrounding in Praya Barat district • Srewe tomb and its surrounding in Praya Tengah district • Ketak tomb and its surrounding in Kopang district • Langko tomb and its surrounding in Kopang and Janapria district.

ITMP should consider the limitation of protected area including the development of cultural heritage area which could be a point of interest that generates visitor.

RTRW Kabupaten Lombok Barat

Figure 32 Graphical Summary of Kabupaten Lombok Barat RTRW

Source: RTRW Kabupaten Lombok Barat

Geographically, Kabupaten Lombok Barat is located at 115.46 ° - 116.20 ° East Longitude, and 8.25 ° - 8.55 ° South Latitude with a land area of 805.92 Km2 and sea water area of 1,161.19 Km2. The spatial planning of Kabupaten Lombok Barat aims to create regional space as an area of agro-industry and tourism development to improve regional competitiveness. One of the efforts throught the development of tourism areas that are based on natural and cultural potential and the

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development of regional infrastructure systems that support the marketing of agricultural products, tourism and other potential resources.

Regional Spatial Structure of Kabupaten Lombok Barat

The district spatial structure divides the urban area planning direction into the central activity system and the main infrastructure network system. The direction of the centers of activity within the Kabupaten Lombok Barat Regency spatial structure includes the following:

• PKWp is set in Gerung City. • Street vendors include Lembar and Narmada Districts. • PKLp includes Gunung Sari, Kediri and Sekotong Districts. • KDP includes Batulayar, Lingsar, Labuapi, Kuripan, and Pelangan Villages. • PPL includes Kedaro, West Sekotong, Batu Putih, Buwun Mas, East Sekotong, Mareje,

Kebon Ayu, Tempos, Banyumulek, Karangbongkot, Bengkel, Dasan Tereng, Keru, Sempage Bees, Batukumbung, Sigerongan, Duman, Penimbung, Mambalan and Senggigi.Senggigi.

Following are the direction of the transportation system in Kabupaten Lombok Barat Regency which is included in the main infrastructure network system:

• Development of a national road network in the form of By Pass New Lombok Airport. • Development of sea transportation infrastructure facilities supporting ALKI II (Indonesian

Archipelago Sea Plane) that cross the Lombok Strait. • Construction of Type A Terminals located in Gerung Subdistrict, Type B Terminals spread

in Narmada, Kediri, Sekotong, and Type C Subdistricts spread in Batulayar District, Gunung Sari, Lingsar, Labuapi, Kuripan and Sheet.

• Cross-province ferry ports in Lembar Harbor, crossing ports in districts in Senggigi, Tawun, and Tembowong.

• The flow of shipping from Pelabuhan Lembar covers the Sheet - Padang Bai, Lembar - Tanjung Benoa, Lembar - Bima, Lembar - Tanjung Perak, and Lembar – Makassar – Makasar.

Regional Spatial Pattern of Kabupaten Lombok Barat

The spatial pattern that regulates tourism designation in the direction of the Kabupaten Lombok Barat Regency cultivation area is determined in several locations, along with the distribution based on the classification of tourist types:

• Nature tourism areas are planned on beach, waterall, hills, gili (small island), and other area or tourism destinations.

• Cultural tourism area is planned in the Narmada Park Area, Lingsar Park Area, Banyumulek Pottery Craft Zone in Kecamatan Kediri.

• Artificial tourism areas are planned in sub-districts that have the potential to be developed.

Tourism is the leading sector of economy in Lombok Barat in developing the preserve area, protected forest, and heritage sites. The tourism Natural Forest Tourism (TWA) area includes:

• TWA Bangki-bangko • TWA Kerandangan • TWA Mekaki, and

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• TWA Suranadi The heritage sites are distributed in several districts: Bangko-bangko, Labuapi, Narmada, Lembar, Lingsar, Gunung Sari, and Batulayar.

Strategic Area of Kabupaten Lombok Barat

In addition to the designation of tourism, there are also several classifications of strategic areas in Kabupaten Lombok Barat, those are: National strategic area for defense and security interests in the outer island region, Sophialouisa Island (Sepatang Island); and Provincial strategic area for economic interests in parts of Kabupaten Lombok Barat with leading sectors of tourism, industry and fisheries. Whereas for the district strategic area consists of:

• Full control covers part of the Batulayar District, Gunung Sari, Lingsar, Narmada, Kediri, Labuapi districts with leading sectors of trade in services, industry and tourism.

• Gerung as a center of government, with leading sectors of trade and services. • Sekotong and its surroundings cover the entire area of Sekotong Subdistrict and parts of

the Lembar District with the leading sectors of tourism, mining, industry, trade and services, fisheries and agriculture.

• Agropolitan Lebah Sempage in Narmada District with the leading sectors of agriculture and agro-tourism.

• Senggigi in Batulayar District with leading sectors of tourism and fisheries. • Narmada as the Lombok Arts and Culture Study and Inventory Center with the leading

3.1.1.5. Detailed Spatial Plan (RDTR Kota/Kabupaten, Kecamatan or Area)

RDTR Lombok Airport Area in Kabupaten Lombok Tengah

Detailed Spatial Structure of Lombok Airport Area

RDTR Lombok Airport is the only detailed spatial plan that has been iseed for regulation in Lombok Island. This RDTR is listed in the Kabupaten Lombok Tengan Regulation No 7 of 2006. The compilation of this RDTR is to support the development and construction of the Lombok international airport (LIA) which located in Kabupaten Lombok Tengah.

The planned area in the RDTR of the Lombok Airport is classified into:

• 22 (twenty-two) blocks of area, formed by intersections of physical boundaries (roads, rivers) with imaginary elliptical lines from the KKOP Airport

• 6 (six) directives for regional block functions, namely: water conservation, rice preservation, slow growing, fast growing, urban and flight accident prone

• 3 (three) main parts of KKOP, namely horizontal areas inside, outer horizontal areas and areas prone to flight accidents.

Development of trade areas and services or the Central Business District (CBD) in the planned area are as follows:

• Praya-Batujai • Penujak • Tanak Awu and • Sengkol.

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Feedback no. 5a

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The land transportation network consists of:

a) Arteries Secondary road to connect Tanak Awu to Kota Mataram by Batujai – Kuripan – Gerung

b) Collector primary road to connect: • Praya to Kota Mataram by Ubung • Praya to Kopang • Tanak Awu to Kuta by by Batunyala • Batunyala to Mujur.

c) Collector secondary road to connect Penujak to Selong Belanak.

Provision and arrangement of infrastructure and facilities in other regions consider the need for development and control in the planned area, which are need facilities:

• Irrigation has function for conserve water and farmland rice fields • Clean water to support the development of central business district (CBD) and settlement

while considering the carrying capacity of existing water resources • Drainage as supporting the system of regional movement and regulation of residential

areas from rainwater inundation • Waste and sanitation at regional and settlement development centers • Electricity in all planned areas with special consideration on the placement of high voltage

transmission networks relating to the height of transmission buildings and residential centers, in accordance with the provisions of KKOP and IMB

• Telecommunication networks are responsibility for providers, both wired and wireless, with special considerations on the placement of telecommunication towers with corresponding to building height in accordance with KKOP and IMB provisions.

Detailed Spatial Allocation of Lombok Airport Area

Spatial utilization in the planned area is directed to:

• Water conservation, at the Batujai and surrounding areas, is supported by the preservation of the North Central Lombok region

• Preservation of paddy fields in blocks of areas dominated by paddy fields and area blocks close to airport runways

• Rural settlements as regional blocks are growing slowly, in order to protect land from uncontrolled urbanization growth (urban sprawl)

• Urban settlements as blocks of fast-growing areas are intended to meet the needs of efficient urban infrastructure

• Development of urban growth centers in the Prayadan Tanak Awu block area

Special Spatial Utilization is:

• Development of tourism and airport centers in the Batujai, Penujak, Tanak Awu and Sengkol areas;

• Regional block control in the KKOP zone, in particular blocks of prone area to aviation accidents, is to be maintained as open space, existing rice fields and / or settlements according to the provisions of height and building density in the KKOP zone.

In connection with the planned development of the Lombok Airport, it is recommended to develop and control the use of space outside the planning area as follows:

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• The development of the South Kuta Beach Area in Central Lombok as a coastal tourism area and the main tourist accommodation in Central Lombok Regency, as well as as soon as possible to control development related to coastal border provisions, waste water and waste management and carrying capacity of the area

• Conservation of subordinate protected areas in the North Central Lombok region, as a catchment area for its subordinates, where the planned area and the New Lombok Airport are located Improved management of the Sade Cultural Village area, especially environmental and parking.

3.1.1.6. Summary

Based on various spatial planning directives from national scale to detailed scale, it has been stated in succession that Lombok Island and some of the areas inside it are directed to become tourism areas.

Figure 33 Spatial Plan Summary

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Based on spatial planning directions, some tourism destinations or areas have been directed to be developed are:

1. Mataram 2. Mount Rinjani 3. Senggigi 4. Gili Tramena 5. Tanjung Area (Sire and Medana Beach) 6. Gili Kondo 7. Pink Beach 8. Cultural tourism in Lombok Timur 9. Sade Village 10. Kuta-Mandalika 11. Selong Belanak 12. Aik Meneng Aropolitan area 13. Gunung Sari, Kediri, etc 14. Sekotong Beach 15. Narmada and Lingsar area

Based on the directions of the spatial plan, each tourism destination is served by several Activity Centers such as Kota Mataram, Praya, Gerung, Tanjung and Selong. Tourism destination areas must be supported by regional development originating from each activity center to improve each tourist destination performance. It must also pay attention to detailed spatial directions, land use plans, central and sub-central plans, potential tourist destinations, accommodation and facilities, infrastructure, disaster mitigation, and others.

ITMP Lombok must pay attention to the relationship between the spatial planning structure and pattern. In areas designated as protected areas, they are intended for water catchment and water resources, disaster and prone areas, green open space, geological protected areas, and nature reserve areas. This means that the development of the area with these functions is very limited. Some tourism areas have directions for protected area space patterns. While some other regions have spatial pattern directions for cultivation areas, the development of the area is not optimum. From the direction of this spatial plan, it will be explained in more detail according to several aspects.

In general, the direction of the spatial plan focuses on developing each destination especially the destinations of Southern Coast Areas (Kuta, Mandalika, Selong Belanak, Sekotong beach, Gili Nanggu and Gili Gede, and others), Mount Rinjani (Sembalun, Tiu Kelep and Sendang Gila Waterfall, Gili kondo, Gili sulat, and others), and Senggigi - Three Gili areas (Senggigi beach, Gili Tramena, Sire and Medana beach, and others).

The potential areas to be developed based on structure and pattern of spatial planning are Southern Coast Area and Senggigi-Three Gili Area. Mount Rinjani Areas is limited for development since this area is a protected area of Lombok Island.

The Kota Mataram as PKN and each city/regency capital as PKW/PKWp serve as an activity center and service center for tourism activities. All destinations, all activity centers, all regions, and all facilities must be connected and integrated into a sustainability tourism area.

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3.2. Analysis of Lombok Tourism Planning 3.2.1. Tourism Spatial Planning

3.2.1.1. Tourism Spatial Pattern in Lombok Island

Lombok Island divided into three KSPN (National Strategic Tourism Area): Rinjani, Gili Tramena, and Southern Coast. Beside the three KSPN, there are also two KPPN (National Tourism Development Area): Kota Mataramand Praya-Sade. Based on KSPN division, all sub-districts/cities in Lombok Island have areas to be developed into national tourism destination and there are two KSPN that consist of more than one Kabupaten/Kota. Good synergies between different administrative government are required to have a better cooperation between them, to allow the integration of each tourism destination spatial planning and support the local activity.

Figure 34 Tourism area in National Strategic Tourism Area (KSPN) in RIPPARNAS

Local Strategic Tourism Area (KSPD) determines the strategic area inside KSPN delineation at sub-districts (kecamatan) level. There are four KSPD of Lombok island: KSPD Senggigi-Gili and its surrounding, KSPD Mataram and its surrounding, KSPD Kuta Mandalika and its surrounding, and KSPD Rasimas-Sembalun and its surrounding.

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Figure 35 Tourism area in Districts Strategic Tourism Area (KSPD) in RIPPARDA

Tourism development could be optimized based on KSPN and KSPD. Overlayed KSPN and KSPD area resulted in a new delineation of prioritized tourism area. This conceptual area determined by kecamatan (sub-districts) boundary that will be used to specify the area to be taken into further analysis.

One of the strategies to follow up KSPN guideline is through RIPPARDA that highlighted and detailed the existing development directions in RIPPARNAS. RIPPARDA itself produced in provincial level (West Nusa Tenggara RIPPARDA) and local level (Kota/Kabupaten RIPPARDA).

Local Strategic Tourism Area (KSPD) determines the strategic area inside KSPN delineation at sub-districts (kecamatan) level. Not all of the prioritized areas in KSPD are in KSPN, but all KSPN are KSPD. All of destinations in KSPN are represented in KSPD as prioritized sub-districts with additions of several prioritized sub-districts. Prioritized sub-districts not covered in KSPN are: Sekotong, Gili Sulat, Senaru, Tetebatu, Sambelia, Batukliang, Pemenang, and Lingsar.

Lombok Island divided into four KSPD: 1) KSPD Senggigi-Gili and its surrounding, 2) KSPD Mataram and its surrounding, 3) KSPD Kuta Mandalika and its surrounding, and 4) KSPD Rasimas-Sembalun and its surrounding.

Tourism development could be optimized based on KSPN and KSPD. However, it is important to compare the land uses in each of tourism area. This will also be useful to produce proper strategies.

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Overlaying KSPN and KSPD area produced a new delineation of prioritized tourism area. This conceptual area determined by kecamatan (sub-districts) boundary that will be used to specify the area to be taken into further analysis.

Since the government has not established the Spatial Detailed Plan (RDTR) on all tourism area, the Tourism Detailed Master Plan (RIRD) published in 2016 is considered as the most detailed document in establishing the RDTR.

Figure 36 Three key tourism areas in RIRD documents.

The delineation of RIRD will be incorporated to the KSPN and KSPD delineation as the key priority tourism areas to analyze Lombok Island spatial condition.

Figure 37 KSPN, KSPD, and RIRD delineation (from left to right)

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Figure 38 Key tourism area delineation based on regulation, combination of KSPN, KSPD, and RIRD

Table 22 KSPN and KSPD Development Intention Summary

No. KSPN KSPD Development Intention

1 Southern Lombok Marine tourism

2 Kota Mataram Urban tourism; city tour; religious tour; culinary; cultural; and MICE

3 Senggigi-Three Gilis Marine tourism; mountain climbing; outdoor tourism

4 Rasimas Sembalun Natural preservation; agro-tourism

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3.3. Analysis of Tourism Guidelines 3.3.1. Guidelines for Integrated and Sustainable Tourism

Development Program

Tourism is one of the sectors that has a big opportunity in Indonesia. Because it is one of the sectors that provide sustainable development benefits to the community. But in its development, there are four main obstacles to the competitiveness of Indonesian tourism such as poor accessibility, limited workforce skills, lack of investment support from private sector, and weak coordination between institutions and various parties.

Tourism activities in Indonesia has only been centered on Bali Island. to prevent a centralized tourism development in Indonesia, in the RPJMN, the development of 10 priority tourist destinations has also been set to further accelerate the integrated and sustainable Indonesian tourism. The Indonesian government has set 3 priority tourism destinations namely 1) Lake Toba in North Sumatra Province, 2) Borobudur, Yogyakarta, and Prambanan in Central Java and D.I Yogyakarta province, 3) Lombok in West Nusa Tenggara Province. All of which are included in an integrated and sustainable tourism development program.

3.3.1.1. Purpose of Program

This program has the objectives:

• Increased performance on indicators of sustainable tourism • Increased beneficiaries from improving road quality and access to basic services • Increasing community satisfaction with strengthen local economic linkages with tourism. • Increased private sector investment in priority tourist destination areas

3.3.1.2. Area Delineation

From three priority tourism destinations in Indonesia, each has a core area which is the focus of planning and development of tourism infrastructure. The preparation of the Integrated tourism master plan (ITMP) consists of a 25-year plan that covers all destinations as a planning area and also a 5-year detailed plan for the core tourism area.

Table 23 Area Deliniation

Priority Tourism Destinations Main Tourism Area

Description Administrative boudaries Description

Administrative

boudaries

Lombok Pulau Lombok

Gili islands, Senggigi, and Nothern Coast of Lombok Island

Kecamatan batu layar

Kecamatan pemenang

Kecamatan Tanjung

Southern coast of Lombok Island

Kecamatan Pujut

Kecamatan Praya Barat

Kecamatan Sekotong

Kecamatan Jerowaru

Magelang Regency: Borobudur Kecamatan Borobudur

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Administrative

boudaries

Borobodur-Yogyakarta-Prambanan

Kecamatan Tempuratan,

Kecamatan Mertoyudan,

Kecamatan Mantilan,

Kecamatan Borobudur,

Kecamatan Mungkid,

Sleman Regency:

Kecamatan Prambanan,

Klaten Regency:

Kecamatan Prambanan,

Yogyakarta City

Kecamatan Mungkid

Prambanan

Kecamatan Kratin Muda

Kecamatan Gedongtengen

Kecamatan Darujean

Kecamatan Ngampilan

Kecamatan Kotagede

Kecamatan Gondomanan

Prambanan Kecamatan Prambanan

Kecamatan Prambanan

Danau Toba

Berdasarkan Peraturan Presiden No 81 tahun 2014

Rencana tata ruang danau toba dan kawasan sekitarnya

Perapat and its surounding

Kecamatan Girsang Sipangan Bolon

Pulau Samosir Kecamatan Simanindo

Kecamatan Pangururan

Balige Kecamatan Balige

27 Kecamatan (sub-districts) for sanitation and solid waste programs to solve water pollution and cleanliness problem in Lake Toba

Kecamatan Silahisabungan

Kecamatan Merek

Kecamatan Muara

Kecamatan Baktiraja

Kecamatan Lintongnihuta

Kecamatan Silimakuta

Kecamatan Purba

Kecamatan Haranggaol Horison

Kecamatan Dolok Pardamean

Kecamatan Pematang Sidamanik

Kecamatan Ajibata

Kecamatan Lumban Julu

Kecamatan Uluan

Kecamatan Porsea

Kecamatan Siantar Narumonda

Kecamatan Sigumpar

Kecamatan Laguboti

Kecamatan Tampahan

Kecamatan Sianjur Mulamula

Kecamatan Harian

Kecamatan Sitiotio

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Administrative

boudaries

Kecamatan Balige

Kecamatan Nainggolan

Kecamatan Onan Runggu

Kecamatan Palipi

Kecamatan Ronggat Niut

3.3.1.3. Program Strategies

The ITMP consists of 4 strategies that are related to solving the main problems faced by the tourism sector. From these strategies, it is estimated that there will be an increase in the number of foreign and domestic tourist, an increase in the number of average daily expenditures, an increase in the level of employment in the tourism sector. To achieve this target, the following strategies are needed:

1. Increase institutional capacity to facilitate integrated and sustainable tourism development With the preparation of ITMP with participatory processes of various stakeholders and also support for monitoring and preservation of natural, cultural and social assets with Indonesia as part of various international organizations related to tourism.

2. Improve the quality of roads and improve access to basic services related to tourism Completed with several activities, including: road transportation financing to improve road quality, tourism infrastructure and services, basic infrastructure services such as water, waste management, wastewater and sanitation management, and preparation of feasibility studies, detailed engineering designs, and services consulting for construction management.

3. Increasing community participation and local businesses in the tourism sector The development of competency-based tourism training, training for teachers and providers of tourism services, technical assistance for technical and vocational education and training institutions, improvement of service standards, strengthening tourism awareness programs, revitalization of tourism awareness programs, certification of trainees and lecturers in tourism and organizing tourism, skills development forums, and the satisfaction survey of the community for tourism activities and its benefit.

4. Improve the conducive business to private investment in the tourism sector Preparation and renewal of investment project documents, investment project offerings to investors, and monitoring of investment projects.

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Figure 39 Integrated and Sustainable Tourism Development Program Delineation

3.4. Summary – Opportunities and Constraints Table 24 Overall Opportunity and Constraints

Opportunities Constraints

DEVELOPMENT PLAN

Institutional Issue • The government already has complete spatial plans as a basis or reference for spatial policies

• A participatory development model has been developed that prioritizes on solving problems and development challenges through the assets and potential of local communities, such as Awig-awig

• There are still many developments that is not refer and comply to "Spatial Planning". This is related to development control issue.

• The RDTR document is not available in all Kota/Kabupaten.

Natural Resource and Environmental Issue

• The spatial plan already mentioned regarding The Protected Areas and The Utilization Areas (Daerah Budidaya)

• Management of natural resources still not sustainable and still ignores the preservation of environmental functions.

• Geomorphological and environmental conditions in Lombok will continue to experience severe pressure as the population increases.

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• Increasing land requirements for settlement threatening the existence of forests and disrupting water balance.

• Environmental hazards in geological terms because of Lombok island is one of the areas that is still passed by active volcanoes.

Infrastructure Issue

• The physical development of the city continues to increase

• There has been anticipation for pollution of clean water due to changes in spatial planning such as preservation and protecting the environment around springs

• There has been policy that regulates underground water use with the issuance of an underground water extraction permit

• To support the movement and mobility of the population there are several modes of public transportation and also the existence of local and regional terminals

• Reduced availability of ground water and decrease in water flow, especially in urban areas

• Changes in the nature of land that were previously permeable, become impermeable

• The growth in the number of vehicles is not followed by road capacity

Workforce Issue • The quality of human resources continues to increase, which is indicated by the increase in the Human Development Index (HDI) from year to year

• The high population growth has been balanced with increasing levels of education, health and the economy in order to support the realization of demographic bonuses

• The economy of Lombok has relied on the agricultural sector as a reservoir for labour and community livelihoods

• Lombok HDI is still in the lowest position in Indonesia because of the low productivity and regional economic competitiveness

• Low absorption or adaptability of the community towards technology

• The potential human resources still low in knowledge and skill

• Labour force participation rates have not been matched by the availability of formal and informal employment

• About 67% of the poor live from the agricultural sector

Tourism Issue • The beauty of nature and culture possessed by Lombok Island is a potential to bring both domestic and foreign tourists

• The development of the industrial sector as one of the supporting activities of tourism is framed in efforts to develop a community-based local economy

• The development of tourism is supported by historical relics

• Utilization of Lombok's cultural wealth, such as dances; music,

• Carrying capacity of tourism areas is still low and has not been able to support tourism activities

• The tourism sector is very vulnerable to issues of security, terrorism and political conduciveness of the country

• There have been no attempts to increase the length of stay of tourists, such as holding regular events

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carving; and handmade, as a capital from the tourism sector

• The quality and power of local products produced still cannot compete

Investment and Business Issue

• The number of industries has increased as well as the value of investments and the number of workers absorbed

• The development of private involvement remains the direction of Government policy

• Some things that hinder the entry of investment are infrastructure, facilities and security (safety)

SPATIAL PLAN

Spatial Structure • Each of regions has their own Activity Center that is possible to be developed as strategic tourism area.

• The infrastructure development plan in the spatial plan document already support the tourism area. Such as construction of Ekas – Kaliantan tourism road network.

• There are bus terminal development plans: Mandalika Terminal, Type B terminal in Kota Mataram, Type C terminal in North Ampenan Village.

• Special tourism seaports are planned in Teluk Nare Port and Tiga Gili.

• A disaster evacuation plan for flood, tsunami and earthquake is generally explained in the regulation for some areas in Lombok Island.

• High potential of agro tourism especially in northern part of Lombok Island.

• Some spatial plan does not mention regarding disaster mitigation aspect such as flood, tsunami and earthquake.

• The spatial plans do not consider the micro-zonation disaster-prone map.

Spatial Pattern • Lombok has several areas set as National Protected Areas, Utilization Areas and Preservation Areas as one of many tourism attractions in Lombok.

• Lombok has high architectural value in some historical areas as well as the socio – cultural potential of the community that has historical value.

• There is a development of mitigation and adaptation of disaster-prone areas listed under spatial planning (RTRW) such as establish spaces that have the potential to be disaster–prone.

Strategic Area • There is a determination of strategic area that can influence the interests

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of integrated tourism development. Each of strategic area has their own leading sectors as the identity. Several strategic areas in Lombok are: Metro Mataram (industry), Senggigi – three Gili (tourism and fisheries), Rasimas Sembalun (agriculture).

TOURISM POLICY

Tourism Destination

• The local governments awareness of their highly potentials tourism destinations.

• Lombok has strategic geographical position (proximity to Bali and Flores)

• Lombok has diversity of tourism destinations types vary from Coastal / Beach Tourism, Mountain Tourism, City/MICE Tourism, Culture Tourism and Religious Tourism.

• Lombok has the existent local culture that is highly attractive to foreign tourist such as Sasak Community.

• Lombok has many historical relics and historical area, for instance: Taman Narmada Pura Batu Bolong, etc.

• Lombok has existing business services and tourism package facilities to ease tourist movement.

• Lombok has good road condition for tourist to access tourism destination.

• Lombok will become one of the cruises landing destination of international cruise ship.

• Some number of attractions has not been mentioned in tourism policy.

• There are many tourist destinations located in disaster-prone area and still not meet minimum standard of mitigation policy or regulation.

• The quantity and quality of gateway to the Lombok Island (Airport and Seaport) is still required in order to provide more choices to visitors and to improve the visitor experience.

• The access of tourist to Lombok is still dependence on Bali.

• Lombok not only has to compete with Bali or other destination in Indonesia but also international competitors such as Phuket, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, etc.

• Lombok still lacks well-qualified infrastructure tourism destinations and lacks attraction quality.

• The local security issues are still high in some tourist destinations.

• The accessibility to access tourism destinations still needs an improvement.

• Environmental degradation due to the number and behaviour of visitors that not suits the destination’s capacity.

• The needs of the existence followed by good quality of tourism information centre in Lombok Island.

• Lack of empowerment in maintenance, so that tourism destinations are easily or quickly damaged and poorly maintained.

Tourism Promotion

• Lombok is known as a tranquil paradise/unspoiled paradise in contrast with Bali.

• Lombok is poor on marketing support to promote and differentiate Lombok from Bali. Lombok has

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• Lombok known as an island with a friendly community culture that welcome tourists.

• Many public promotions such as blogs and social-media exposure regarding tourism potentials in Lombok.

been overshadowed by Bali and needs to develop its own identity.

• Lombok needs a new tourism promotion for new natural disaster free tourist destination that will not over-shadow the existing tourism destination.

• Many branding strategies of tourism destination in Lombok are not suitable prior to their destination character and carrying capacities.

• Lombok is still lacking tourism events that can attract tourists.

• There is an intense competition between local regions in Lombok itself in attracting tourists.

• Lombok is still known as a side trip from Bali.

• There are regional limitations in promoting tourism potential to investors.

Tourism Industry • Local governments tend to open an opportunity and ease for the investors to invest in Lombok Island since the spirit of tourism actors are considered high.

• Apart from Senggigi and Gili Islands, most of the areas in Lombok are still relatively underdeveloped. This is an opportunity for a responsible investor to create a well-planned tourism.

• The expenses of the tourists are not increasing the local community welfare effectively. Thus, the poverty issue in the Lombok still not resolved.

• The capacity of workforce’s quality and quantity is still not in line with the tourism demand.

• The low level of locals understanding regarding tourism sector / awareness and the value of its benefits.

• Lombok is considered still lacks local unique processed products besides Tenun as souvenirs.

Tourism Institution

• The existence of local tourism awareness community (POKDARWIS) which is guided and monitored by Local Tourism Agency (Dinas Pariwisata Daerah)

• The opening the Tourism Vocational Polytechnic (POLTEKPAR) in Mataram and Lombok Tengah will provide a comprehensive education and training to improve the overall labour pool.

• Lack of engagement from each stakeholder to achieve sustainable tourism vision.

• Lack of tourism workforce education institution such as school or training centres that can facilitate locals to gain their skills, knowledge and professionalism in tourism industry.

• There is no competent institution which able to manage the status of ownership and management of some tourism attractions. This matter relates with the operational maintenance that often become the issues of tourist destination.

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• The needs of institution that can secure local socio-culture, so it does not affect by external bad culture (littering, drinking, etc.)

• The lack of optimal coordination of the tourism development activities between central government and the local government, both in the public and private sectors.

• The absence of Local Communities Involvement.

• Lack of planning regulation differing Bali and Lombok

• Overlapping role of tourism promotion institutional

Halal Tourism • The government has been actively promoting Halal tourism in Lombok even made a regulation regarding Halal Tourism (Perda No. 2 Tahun 2016), this is an opportunity to capture Muslim travellers.

• Lombok has won 2 awards for the “World Best Halal Tourism Destination” and “World Best Halal Honeymoon Destination” in 2015. It brings Indonesia ranked second as 2018 world’s halal tourist destination.

• Halal Tourism Regulation only regulate the small detail of the tourism facilities, it is not clearly explained the strategic direction of Halal Tourism implementation in Lombok.

• Halal tourism awareness only occurred in several Kabupaten of Lombok. The Kabupaten that mentioned any halal tourism in their Regional Tourism Master Plan Development (RIPPARDA) are: Kota Mataram, Lombok Tengah and Lombok Barat.

INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORAL PLAN

Air Transportation • Tourism development will directly increase the demand for air transportation in Lombok Island.

• Lombok International Airport (LIA) role and hierarchy have been specified in the regulation.

• LIA development plan has been prepared.

• Any development plan and recommendation must be in line with the LIA master plan such as boundary area, facilities and infrastructures development, and the development phasing.

• In addition, any technical recommendation and planning must comply with the Indonesia airport standard criteria.

Sea Transportation

• Marine tourism is becoming increasingly popular within the Lombok Island, especially in Senggigi, GIli Islands, and Southern Coast. This should generate new potential demand for ports located within the area.

• Port development plan is clearly included in both national and regional masterplan.

• Port role, hierarchy, and zoning have been stated within master plan regulation and policy, so the technical requirements have to meet the standard criteria for respective port role, hierarchy, and zoning.

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Land Transportation (Road)

• Road network is one of the main sectors of connectivity between regions on Lombok Island which supports national and regional economic growth.

• Tourism accessibility rate is supported by road transportation sector.

• Road network development is included in national and regional plans.

• Road engineering design criteria are regulated within standards and regulations for both urban and inter-urban road. Any road development must meet these requirements.

• Road network performance must meet the minimum level of service requirements.

• Road traffic safety analysis must be included within the road development study.

Public Transportation

• Lombok Island public transportation network can be planned to support tourism activities by increasing accessibility from one tourism attraction to another,

• Public transportation development must be in line with the regional plan, such as terminal type (A, B, or C), routes, and other technical requirements.

Water Supply • Kota Mataram has an integrated scheme regarding operational permit for new hotel. Every new hotel should have several permits which one of them is from PDAM regarding water supply provision. This can be an opportunity to manage water consumption from commercial activity such as hotel as well as to reduce the amount of groundwater consumption in urban areas. It can be also posed as an opportunity as a pilot scheme to be potentially applied in other cities.

• The coordination among related stakeholders (government, PDAM, community) in several cities in Lombok is not well established

• Clean water provided by private sector in Gili Trawangan and Gili Meno is currently under issue due to their mis-operation permit.

• Permit arrangement that should be fulfilled by PDAM regarding water distribution system for Gili Islands seems to be complex.

• in case of Regional Water Supply Master Plan is executed, there will seem to be a social conflict. It is caused by this master plan is prioritized for supplying water in southern Lombok while the water source itself is mostly located in the Northern Lombok

• High investment is needed to realize water supply system as planned in the Regional Water Supply Master Plan

• Limited quality of human resources in managing clean water supply systems

• There seem still a lot of illegal logging in the upstream areas that affects to the availability of groundwater sources as well as high sedimentation load in dam unit

• The uneven distribution of population densities as well as hilly natural topography in several

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districts are one of the challenges of regional government & PDAMs in providing clean water facilities for the community

Wastewater • The target of universal access 2019 have become a trigger for every city in Lombok to have more attention against sanitation issues as well as to accelerate sanitation development in their city

• Most of cities in Lombok (exclude Kab. Lombok Tengah) have yet to contrive a specific regulation regarding wastewater management in their city.

• The master plan documents for every city in Lombok Island are mostly outdated, excluded for Kota Mataram, that they cannot be used as reference for ITMP. This leads to the limited latest information to be analysed.

• The coordination among related institutions regarding wastewater management is not well-performed

• Regional (city and provincial) budget allocation for wastewater management in every city is still limited

• Lack of public awareness about sanitation and hygiene issues and its impacts to their health and environment.

• Lack of intense public socialization and campaign regarding sanitation and hygiene in each city in Lombok

• The interest of private sector participation is still limited

Solid Waste • Every city in Lombok has already owned their solid waste management regulation. However, the regulation can be utilized as basis for the development of new and more stringent policies related to solid waste management, including those of in tourism areas

• Law enforcement is not ideally implemented. This can be seen from the absence of penalties for person who disposes of their garbage freely, though in fact, every city in Lombok has its own waste management regulation.

• 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) practices in each city is still very low. Some of community groups who act as managers are inactive.

• Lack of public awareness about solid waste issues and its impacts to their health and environment.

• Lack of intense public socialization and campaign regarding waste management in each city in Lombok

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• The interest of private sector participation is still limited

DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN & POLICY

Disaster Risk Assessment

• The disaster risk assessment in Lombok Island will be the basis for making policies related to disaster management in each Kabupaten / Kota. This assessment allows related stakeholder to determine their action in order to reduce the risk of disasters that occur in Lombok Island.

• There are 10 priority disasters in each Kabupaten / Kota on Lombok Island: Earthquakes, Tsunami, Flood, Big Flood, Landslide, Volcanic Eruption, Drought, Tornado, Forest and Land Fires.

Disaster Management Policies

• The institution actor and its function are already determined clearly under disaster management law. BPBD acts as the head of sector in handling all disaster-related activities including disaster prevention, mitigation, preparedness, disaster emergency handling, rehabilitation and reconstruction in a fair and equal manner.

• Unintegrated coordination between Regional Disaster Management Plan with National Disaster Management Plan since each of Kabupaten and Kota has their own disaster management plan without linking to other Kabupaten and Kota.

Regional Action Plan

• There are 7 disaster management strategies that will be implemented to reduce the risk and damage of natural disaster.

ENVIRONMENTAL and SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

Environmental Impact Regulation

• Regulations related to environmental impact assessment are referring to the national regulation.

• The regulation has been implemented in each region.

• In some regions, the implementation of periodic RKL-RPL as a mandatory report from Environmental Permit (AMDAL or UKL-UPL) has not been fully implemented by the initiators of the activity.

• There are still several cases of environmental violations in some regions

IKPLHD • Most of regions have IKPLHD as their performance report. This means that the local government has mapping the environmental priorities issues and management plan.

• IKPLHD in Kabupaten Lombok Tengah has not been released.

• The environmental issues in Lombok include surface water pollution (river and dams) by biological contaminant, land use conversion, critical land, exploitation and illegal mining, ambient air pollution due to vehicle emissions, solid waste issues, marine ecosystem degradation and abrasion (specifically in Kabupaten Lombok Utara), water spring scarcity

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due to trees loss, and natural hazard.

Environmental Permit through OSS System

• The OSS System should make business registration in Indonesia easier as several key permits, such as the location permit, environmental permit and building permit. This allows investors to immediately start preparations to run their business in Indonesia while awaiting formal documents.

• The OSS System will break the barriers and gaps of the previous complicated licensing process by making the permit mechanism easier and in a short time basis.

• Local governments have difficulties with the new system because the existing facilities for online systems in local office are currently inadequate. In addition, the local government as a user is also still adapting to this online system.

Land acquisition and resettlement

• Indonesia regulatory framework for land acquisition and resettlement has been continuously updated/ amended to accommodate challenges often becomes an issue in projects development throughout the country.

• Recent Regulation No. 62 Year 2018 has observed the management of social impact in the procurement of land for national development (both national and non-national strategic project). The Regulation acknowledged non-titled affected people often harmed during development of national projects as they were not recognized under the previous regulation. This would prevent emergence of social disputes with squatters or sharecroppers.

• Management of complaints/ grievances has also been regulated to provide clear access for local communities to complaint.

• In addition, compensation for non-individual owned land has available through different channels depend on the land status e.g. should any village asset be affected by the tourism development, land acquisition should refer to the Ministry of Home Affairs Regulation No. 1/2016 regarding Village Asset Management.

• Law No. 2/2012 on Acquisition of Land Public Interest Development for acquiring land for public use activities, with its implementing regulations have required the need for monitoring and reporting during the land acquisition process, however there is a gap with regards to monitoring of the livelihood restoration of the affected people post compensation. Although not specifically regulated, restoration of livelihood is essential in the government effort to achieve sustainable development.

• Another gap is related to requirement of a complete socio-economic baseline data which will be used as basis to monitor the restoration of livelihood, which is also not regulated under the Indonesia regulatory framework.

• These may be constraints, not only in meeting the World Bank OP 4.12 requirements on resettlement, but also in managing the expectations of the affected people

INDIGENOUS PEOPLE

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Recognition of IP presence and status

• The Presidential Decree No. 111 of 1999 acknowledged the presence remote indigenous communities, which is defined as socio-cultural groups that are local and dispersed, not receiving social and economic services. Under this regulation there are six main characteristics to determine a Remote Indigenous Communities, closely related to the WB OP 4.10 and ESMF’s IP however narrower scope to those living remotely.

• In addition, informally the GOI also recognized the indigenous community rights defined under AMAN (Indigenous Peoples Alliance of the Archipelago. This helps IP groups’ presence throughout the country to be acknowledged and its rights to be appreciated.

• Main constraint on the recognition of IP presence and status in Indonesia related to lack of adequate database of each of the acknowledged customary or IP groups which enable further study on them.

• Of note, the IP definition by World Bank OP 4.10 which has been adopted by the Ministry of Public Works and Housing’s ESMF has broader terms. Lack of government database will create burden for subproject to undertake a detailed study should any potential impacts on IP is identified.

Management of impacts on IP

• Adoption of World Bank OP 4.10 into the Ministry of Public Works and Housing’s ESMF has included requirement for subproject to develop an IP development plan (IPDP). Therefore, could be opportunities for IP groups to preserve their status and culture regardless development activities.

• Lack of regulations or guidance to manage potential impacts on IP has created lots of social disputes in development of project in remote or cultural area

CULTURAL HERITAGE

Recognition of CH • Indonesia Law Number 11 of 2010 on Cultural Heritage has clearly stated that cultural heritage resulting from development or man-made materials (characterized as objects of cultural conservation in the form of buildings, structures, sites and area, either on land and water) needs to be preserved because it bears important value for history, science, education, religion, and culture. This has allowed adequate protection of nationally recognised cultural heritage agains irresponsible development activities.

• Constraint with regards to CH recognition is mainly related to local-based CH, acknowledged by local communities, however not yet formally recognised under Indonesia regulation.

Management of impacts on CH

• Adoption of World Bank OP 4.10 into the Ministry of Public Works and Housing’s ESMF has included requirement for subproject to develop a CH management plan to mitigate potential impacts of project activities to CH, also establishment of CH chance find protocol to avoid

• There is still a gap in organisation/ individual with skill and expert in CH to be involved in development activities, which may be related to lacking implementing regulations for management of impacts of development activities on CH. Such constraint may cause potential harm

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any underground archaeological objects are harmed during project construction.

to CH and lead to disputes with local/ customary communities.