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BARRIERS TO
COMMUNICATION
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BARRIERS TO
COMMUNICATION SEMANTIC BARRIERS
PHYSICAL BARRIERS
ORGANISATIONAL BARRIERS
PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS
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(A) SEMANTIC BARRIERS
Problems concerned with the process of
encoding & decoding the message.
(1) DIFFERENT LANGUAGESo There is no common language in an org.
o That means no common vehicle to convey
ideas & feelings.
o More common in multinationals.
o As company expands, this barrier widens.
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(2) INTERPRETATION DIFFERANCE
The meaning of the words are not in the words,
they are in us.
o Difference in perceptiono Difference in personality
(3) POOR VOCABULARY & GRAMMATICAL
KNOWLEDGE
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(B) PHYSICAL BARRIERS
(1) NOISE
o Any disturbance or interference that reduces clarity &effectiveness of communication is called noise.
o It distracts the attention of both the parties.o Physical noisecan be loud noise of speakers or noise
from machines.
o Psychological noise can be inattentiveness &
indifference of the listener.o Written noise can be bad handwriting or incorrect
typing.
o Visual noise late arrival, instant knocking or roamingaround.
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(2) IMPROPER TIME
o
A message should be sent at a proper time.o Message sent at improper time creates:
Disturbance in the receivers working.
Irritates the receiver.
Falls the interest of the receiver about the
message.
(3) DISTANCEo Communication becomes ineffective in long
distances if the mediums are not properly
utilized.
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(4) INADEQUATE OR OVERLOADED INFORMATION
o Information should be adequate.
o Not less than desired but not more than required.
o Inadequate information leads to non-completion
of the task.
o Overloaded information creates distraction of
attention and fails to serve the purpose of
information.
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(C) ORGANIZATIONAL BARRIERS
(1) ORGANIZATIONAL RULES & REGULATION
o Rigid rules & regulations lead to:
restricted flow of messages
delay of messages discouragement in employees because they
can not come up with their creative ideas.
o Whereas, flexible rules & regulations encourages
employees to give their best performance in
terms of creativity.
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(2) HIERARCHICAL
o Formal boss-subordinate relationship alsorestricts flow of communication.
o The greater the difference in the hierarchical
position, the greater is the communication gapbetween the employees.
o Biasness is found more in upward flow of
information because of the fabricated stories in
between to suit the interests of middle level
management.
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(3) NON CONDUCTING OF STAFF MEETINGS
o Staff meetings are conducted to know the
grievances and suggestions of employees.o Non conducting of staff meetings widens the gap
between boss and the subordinates.
o So, to see the other side of the mirror, staff
meetings are necessary.
(4) WRONG CHOICE OF CHANNEL
o No one channel is ideal & perfect in every
situation.o There is a need to adopt that channel which suits
the situation perfectly.
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(D) PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS
(1) SELECTIVE PERCEPTION
o
We do not see the reality, as it is, but interpretwhat we see and call it reality.
o We perceive some selective symbols based upon
our needs, motives & experiences.
o So because of our selective perception, we can
not communicate the whole.
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(2) PREMATURE EVALUATION
o It is human tendency to evaluate quickly.
o
We do not read or listen the whole, but try toevaluate certain part of the message and the rest
part is left out.
o To overcome this barrier, one has to be an
empathetic listener.
(3) POOR LISTENING
o Most of the times, people hear but do not listenattentively.
o It leads to non understanding of the message &
wastage of time.
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(4) Emotions
o Effective communication requires a soothed
heart & a silent mind.
o Positive emotions smoothen the flow of
information. (love, affection, compassion etc.)o Whereas negative emotions are hurdles to
effective communication.(hatred, anger,
anxiety, etc.)oTherefore, stability on ones emotions is
required for effective communication.
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(5) EGOTISM
o People who are high at egotism are very badlisteners.
o The self centered people think that their way of
behaving and working is always right and othersare wrong.
o They keep their minds closed and alienate
themselves from their fellows.o Therefore, they do not understand others which
is a major hurdle in communication.
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(6) ATTITUDE
o The general attitude of superiors and
subordinates also affects the communication.
o If the superiors are afraid or unable to delegate
the authority, they will try to conceal or filter the
information.o They intentionally try to twist the situation so
that they can hide their weaknesses.
o
Negative attitude of sub-ordinates likeunwillingness or fear to share information &
inferiority complex also create hindrance in the
way of effective communication.
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Communication failures can cause...
Less productivity.
Poor co-ordination and cooperation.
Damaged personal or company image.
Frustration.
Dissatisfaction.
Loss of team spirit. Conflict and arguments.
Drop in confidence.
Loss of friendship.
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THATS ALL
