Barri Sky Faucett, MA. Every 12.8 minutes another life is lost to suicide, taking the lives of more than 41,149 Americans in 2013. Nationally 13 people.

Suicide: Prevalence; Circumstance; and Interventions.

Barri Sky Faucett, MA

Occurrence Every 12.8 minutes another life is lost to suicide, taking the lives of more than 41,149 Americans in 2013.

Nationally 13 people per 100,000,in WV 17.4 people per 100,000 (323 Deaths)

WV ranked 14th in the US in suicide rate for all age groups, 44th for adolescents.

Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death in America. For youth, 15-24 years old, suicide is the second leading cause of death.

Our Youth

In 2010, there were 4,600 reported youth suicides in the United States.

Each day there are approximately 12 youth suicides

Most common method is firearms followed by suffocations

Males complete 4 times more than females; females attempt four times more than males.

1 out of every 53 high school students (1.9 percent) reported having made a suicide attempt that was serious enough to be treated medically (CDC, 2010a).

Approximately 1 out of every 15 high school students attempts suicide each year (CDC, 2010a).

For every completed suicide, there are 100-200 attempts among adolescents.

Suicide AttemptsSuicide Attempts

Research shows that most adolescent suicides occur school hours and in the teen’s homes

Most adolescent suicides are precipitated by interpersonal conflict

Within a typical high school classroom, it is likely that three students (one boy and two girls) have made a suicide attempt within the last year.

Suicide in AdolescentsSuicide in Adolescents

Barbour

Berkeley

Boone

Braxton

Brooke

CabellClay

Fayette

Gilmer

Grant

Greenbrier

Hampshire

Hancock

Hardy

Harrison

Jackson

Kanawha

Lewis

Lincoln

Logan

McDowell

Marion

Mason

Mercer

Mineral

Mingo

Monongalia

Monroe

Morgan

Nicholas

Ohio

Pendleton

Pocahontas

Preston

Putnam

Raleigh

Randolph

Ritchie

Roane

Summers

Taylor

Tucker

Tyler

Upshur

Wayne

Webster

Wetzel

Wirt

Wood

Wyoming

JeffersonPleasantsDodd-ridge

Cal-houn

4 (12.7)

4 (12.7)

7 (10.9)

11(27.8)Marshall

11 (4.2)

5 (26.6)

4 (18.9)

2 (10.4)

3 (15.5)

5 (43.8)

2 (13.2)

2 (16.2)

3 (19.9)

9(25.2)4 (15.2)

2 (11.8)

15 (12.9)

2 (21.1)

3 (27.3)

18 (10.5)3 (24.2)

44 (20.0)

6 (14.6)

1 (3.5)

14 (15.1)

3 (21.2)2 (6.2)

10 (25.5)

4 (6.2)

West Virginia Suicides by countyAges 15-242002-2011

Rate per 100,000 Population

WV Rate 13.7/100,000330 Deaths by Suicide

14.6 – 43.8

0.00 – 10.5

Suicide:

A PREVENTABLE DEATH IN OUR STATE

3 (28.6)

14 (19.0)

4 (15.2)

2 (23.3)

2 (7.1)

0 (0.00)

5 (16.3)

7 (19.3)

2 (6.0)

4 (22.6)1 (11.4)

14(24.9)

11 (13.2)

1 (3.6)

4 (11.1)

1 (3.4)

5 (13.3)

11 (17.9)

15 (17.1)

1 (6.6)

2 (28.3)

9 (8.8)

5 (9.8)

0 (0.00)

3 (17.2)

10.9 – 13.3

1 (9.9)

What do teens deal with?

Increased school pressures as they progress through higher grades

First romantic relationships

Increased independence and identity

Experimenting with substance use

Puberty and Hormone fluctuation

Bullying

Adolescent Development

Erickson Developmental Stage-

Learning Identity Versus Identity Confusion

(Fidelity)

Learning Intimacy Versus Isolation (Love)

Adolescent Ego

Imaginary Audience

Personal Fable

The Teenage Brain

Adolescence is a time of profound brain growth.

Greatest changes to the brain that are responsible for impulse control, decision making, planning, organization, and emotion occur in adolescence (prefrontal cortex).

Do not reach full maturity until age 25.

Sexual Identification

Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual youth are 1 ½ - 7 times more likely to have reported ideation.

LGB Youth in multiple studies are found to be 3-4 times more likely to attempt suicide.

58% of LGB youth who had attempted suicide reported they really hoped to die vs. 33% of heterosexuals who attempted and reported really hoping to die.

Have elevated risk factors and lower protective factors

• Risk Factors- characteristics that will may it more likely that an individual will consider, attempt, or die by suicide

• Invitations/Clues- behaviors that indicate signs of immediate risk

• Protective Factors- characteristics that make it less likely that individuals will consider, attempt, or die by suicide.

Suicide: Factorst

IS PATH WARM?sk Factors- IS PATH WARM

Ideation Substance Abuse Purposelessness Anxiety Trapped Hopelessness Withdrawal Anger Recklessness Mood Changes

Prior suicide attemptsMental health disordersHistory of trauma or abuse

Family history of suicideLack of social supportAccess to means

Increased Risk

Acquiring a gun or stockpiling pills

Talking about wanting to die or kill oneself

Impulsivity/increased risk taking

Giving away prized possessions

Self-destructive acts (i.e., cutting)

Increased drug or alcohol abuse

Talking about no reason to live

Invitations/Clues:

“I’m tired of life, I just can’t go on.”“My family would be better off without me.”“Who cares if I’m dead anyway.”“I just want out.”“I won’t be around much longer.”“Pretty soon you won’t have to worry about me.”

Indirect or “Coded” Verbal Clues:

Protective Factors

Treatment for MH/SA, physical disorders

Increased access to interventions Restricted access to highly lethal

means Strong connections to family and

community support Strong problem-solving and conflict

resolution skills Cultural and religious beliefs that

discourage suicide and support self-preservation

What to do – Be Genuine

Listen and don’t show shock or disapproval

Show that you care, it is more important than saying “the right thing.”

Avoid trying to explain away the feelings…(saying things like “you have a lot to live for” or “you are just confused right now”)

Question:Direct Approach

“You know when people are as upset as you seem to be, they sometimes wish they were dead, I was wondering if you were feeling that way too.”

“You look pretty miserable, I was wondering if you were thinking about suicide.”

“Are you thinking about killing yourself?”

Tips for asking the question

PersuadeHow to persuade someone to stay alive

• Listen to the problem and give them your full attention

• Remember, suicide is not the problem, only the solution to a perceived insoluble problem

• Do not rush to judgment• Offer hope in any form• Find the life side

Refer

• Suicidal people often believe they can not be helped, so you may have to do more.

• The best referral involves taking the person to someone who can help.

• The next best referral is getting commitment from them to accept help.

• The third best referral is to give referral information and try to get a good faith commitment not to complete or attempt suicide. Any willingness to accept help at some time, even in the future is a good outcome.

Safety Plan

KEEP SAFE Agreement

Disable the suicide plan (if applicable)

Safety Contact (s) Safety Plan Notify

Parents/Guardians Safe/no use of

alcohol and drugs Link to resources Link to services

TO DO - Immediately

Apps

Suicide Safe by SAMHSA

Learn how to use the SAFE-T approach.

Explore interactive sample case studies

Quickly access and share information, including crisis lines, fact sheets, educational opportunities, and treatment resources.

Browse conversation starters that provide sample language and tips for talking with patients who may be in need of suicide intervention.

Locate treatment options, filter by type and distance, and share locations and resources to provide timely referrals for patients.

SAFE-T

Identify Risk Factors Identify Protective Factors Conduct Suicide Inquiry Determine Risk Level/ Intervention Document

Screenings/Assessments

PHQ-9▪ 9 items ▪ Over the last 2 weeks▪ Assessment of depression and suicidality

C-SSRS- Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale▪ 6 Questions- Suicidal Thoughts and Ideations▪ Free Web training

ASAP-20 ▪ Semi-structured clinical interview▪ Assesses suicide risk and protective factors based on

psychological interviews▪ Gives guidelines/documentation of next steps.

• www.sprc.org• www.wvaspen.com• www.preventsuicidewv.org• www.afsp.org• www.zerosuicide.com• www.wvsuicidecouncil.org• www.jasonfoundation.org• www.jedfoundation.org

For More Information

Offerings Signs of Suicide (SOS)

Evidence-Based Middle School and High School programs

Brief Introductory Training 25 minute Video Guided Discussion Screening Instrument

Lifelines 4- 45 minute sessions Teachers education Prevention, Intervention, Postvention

Offerings More Than SAD

Evidence-Based Middle School and High School programs

Brief Introductory Training 25 minute Video

High School TOOLKIT Teachers education Prevention, Intervention, Postvention Guidelines

Contact Information

Patrick Tenney, BANorthern Regional Director304-296-1731 ext. [email protected]

Hope Siler, MA, LSWSouthern Regional Director304-341-0511 ext. [email protected]

Barri Sky Faucett, MAProject Director304-341-0511 ext. [email protected]