BARCODE HOUSING SYSTEM A computer-aided design system to support open and participatory building processes in mass housing ARC Engineering and Architecture La Salle Universitat Ramon Llull Barcelona, Spain www.salleurl.edu/arc
BARCODE HOUSING SYSTEM
Jun 15, 2015
This is a summary of the development of the BARCODE HOUSING SYSTEM, a project carried out by the research group ARC Engineering and Architecture La Salle, from 2002 to 2009. The purpose of the research has been the creation of an Internet-based environment which facilitates the interaction of the different actors (architects, builders, manufacturers, occupants, facilities managers) involved in the design, construction and use of affordable housing built with industrialized methods. This research project began in 2002, when we started to develop a rule-based system to automatically generate housing units and buildings resulting from their aggregation, by means of user-friendly interfaces. This system, which was completed in 2005, was stand-alone and limited to single users. We then proceeded to develop a new environment to overcome these limitations, facilitating the participation and interaction of different agents in the process of designing, building and using the housing generated with the support of the system. This second version of the system was carried out with a research grant of the Spanish National RDI plan, from 2005 to 2009. It is a modular environment which supports the decision-making process in an open and distributed fashion, allowing inputs from different users at any stage of the design and building process.
A poster of the first version of the system can be accessed here:
http://www.slideshare.net/lmadrazo/barcode-housing-systemprototype
A poster of the first version of the system can be accessed here:
http://www.slideshare.net/lmadrazo/barcode-housing-systemprototype
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BARCODE HOUSING SYSTEM
A computer-aided design system to support open and participatory building processes in mass housing
ARC Engineering and Architecture La Salle Universitat Ramon Llull
Barcelona, Spain www.salleurl.edu/arc
BARCODE HOUSING SYSTEM -This is a research project carried out by ARC Engineering and Architecture La Salle, Ramon Llull University, in two stages:
-2002-2005, development of a stand-alone prototype system
- 2005-2009, design and implementation of an open, participative, modular system which supports the decision-making process in an open and distributed fashion, allowing inputs from different users at different stages of the process
PROTOTYPE SYSTEM (2002-2005) www.barcodehousing.net
U N I T: S P A C E: M O D U L E
superficie construida : 75,6 m2
U N I T : S P A C E : F L E X I B I L I T Y
superficie construida : 75,6 m2
U N I T : S P A C E : F L E X I B I L I T Y
superficie construida : 75,6 m2
U N I T : S P A C E : F L E X I B I L I T Y
superficie construida : 75,6 m2
U N I T : S P A C E : F L E X I B I L I T Y
superficie construida : 64,8 m2
U N I T : S P A C E : F L E X I B I L I T Y
superficie construida : 54,0 m2
U N I T : S P A C E : F L E X I B I L I T Y
superficie construida : 86,4 m2
U N I T : S P A C E : F L E X I B I L I T Y
superficie construida : 97,2 m2
U N I T : S P A C E : F L E X I B I L I T Y
.
U N I T : G E N E R A T I O N
G E N E R A T I O N : G R A P H I C O U T P U T
V I S U A L I Z A T I O N : W E B E N V I R O N M E N T
U N I T : C O N S T R U C T I O N
6’00 7’20 9’60
8’40
3’00
1’20
4’80 -
U N I T : C O N S T R U C T I O N
www.barcodehousing.net
OPEN SYSTEM (2005-2009) With the support of the grant BIA BIA2005-08707-
C02-01 from the Spanish National RDI Plan
BAR_CODE HOUSING SYSTEM
ARCHITECTURAL / BUILDING SYSTEM
COMPUTER SYSTEM
- open spatial/formal composition: versatile, adaptable housing
- open building: exchangeable systems
- industrialized construction: dry construction, integrated building systems
- social housing: mass housing, with high quality standards
-generation of spatial / formal variations (rule-based system)
-web-based collaborative design and construction processes (non-linear processes)
-integration of computer-aided design, building and manufacturing (knowledge based systems)
SPACE STRUCTURE SERVICES ENVELOPES
SYSTEM STRUCTURE
SYSTEM
SUBSYSTEM SUBSYSTEM SUBSYSTEM SUBSYSTEM
S1
SS1 SS2 SS3 SS4
VARIABLE
V1
VARIABLE
V1
VARIABLE
V1
VARIABLE
V1
VARIABLE
V1
VARIABLE
V1
VARIABLE
V1
VARIABLE
V1
VARIABLE
V1
VARIABLE
V1
VARIABLE
V1
VARIABLE
V1
GENERIC PRINCIPLES: - Spatial structure (zones/bars, cells, rooms) - Modular grid - Dimensional coordination - Assembly rules (connectors)
BUILDING SPECIFIC PRINCIPLES: - A subsystem is characterized by a type of component (spaces, columns, ducts) and their rules of assembly
BUILDING COMPONENTS: -Descriptions of their properties, and constraints.
GENERATIVE PROCEDURE BASED ON THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE DIFFERENT ZONES
SPATIAL LAYOUT CONFIGRUATION
TIPOLOGÍAS DE VIVIENDA SEGÚN FONDO EDIFICATORIO
HOUSING TYPES
HOUSING UNITS
TIPOLOGÍAS DE BLOQUE SEGÚN TIPO DE ACCESO/ALTURA/DENSIDAD
TIPOLOGÍAS DE BLOQUE SEGÚN TIPO DE ACCESO/ALTURA/DENSIDAD
AGRUPACIÓN PERPENDICULAR
BLOCK AGGREGATIONS
STRUCTURE
CASE 1C
SOPORTE: BASTIDOR METÁLICO ELABORADO EN TALLER FORMADO POR PERFILES METÁLICOS TUBULARES FORJADO: PANELES LIGEROS FORMADOS POR BASTIDOR Y CHAPA PLEGADA
EL ALZADO Y LA DISTRIBUCIÓN INTERIOR SE VERAN AFECTADOS POR LA DIMENSION DE LAS CAJAS DE PASO DE LAS INSTALACIONES
INSTALACIONES:
OPCIÓN A: RESERVA DE ESPACIO HECHA EN FORJADO Y CERRAMIENTO DEL CAJÓN CON PLADUR
OPCIÓN B: CAJÓN HECHO EN TALLER A BASE DE MONTANTES Y CHAPA PLEGADA
CASO 3C EST INS CNS ESP
EST INS CoNS ESP
SOPORTE: BASTIDOR METÁLICO ELABORADO EN TALLER FORMADO POR PERFILES METÁLICOS TUBULARES FORJADO: PANELES LIGEROS FORMADOS POR BASTIDOR Y CHAPA PLEGADA
EL ALZADO Y LA DISTRIBUCIÓN INTERIOR SE VERAN AFECTADOS POR LA DIMENSION DE LAS CAJAS DE PASO DE LAS INSTALACIONES
INSTALACIONES:
OPCIÓN A: RESERVA DE ESPACIO HECHA EN FORJADO Y CERRAMIENTO DEL CAJÓN CON PLADUR
OPCIÓN B: CAJÓN HECHO EN TALLER A BASE DE MONTANTES Y CHAPA PLEGADA
EST INS CoNS ESP
HOUSING TYPES
GRAPH 1B -3 BARS + GALLERY
5 BARS
CONSTRAINTS
DIMENSIONS BARS STRIPES
2MT + (5.00 A 7.00)MT + 1.2MT
BATHROOMS LIMITATION TO 1 BATHROOM, 3 BARS
KITCHENS LIMITATION OF 1 KITCHEN, 2 BARS IN ZONE 1, POSSIBLE APPROPRIATION OF ADJACENT SPACE IN ZONE 1.
GALLERIES LIMITATION OF THE NUMBER OF OCCUPIED BARS. MINIMUM OF TWO VOID SPACES OR BALCONY AT EACH FACADE.
ROOMS IT IS ONLY POSSIBLE THE DIVISION 2+3 OR 3+3 OR 5 OR 6.
CIRCULATION
GRAPH 1 -3 BARS * BUILDING CODE CAN BE OPTIONALLY APPLIED
6 BARS
-Tabiques móviles
-Paneles correderos
-Mobiliario
-Divisiones interiores
-Módulos baños/cocinas
TRANSFORMACIONES TEMPORALES PERIODO CORTO
TRANSFORMACIONES TEMPORALES PERIODO LARGO
TRANSFORMACIONES TEMPORALES PERIODO MEDIO
FLEXIBILIDAD EN GRADOS
CONNECTORS
CONNECTORS
Validations
• Spatial connectors [ accesibility] to housing unit
• Structural connectors [ load capacity of columns and beams]
• Services connectors [ number of ducts for the available space]
HOUSING UNIT CONFIGURATION
HOUSING UNITS ASSEMBLY
PRODUCTS’ CATALOGUES
HOUSING UNIT LAYOUTS
HOUSING UNIT GENERATIVE PROCESS
backtracking flooding best first search
More than 10.000 housing units generated…..
HOUSING UNIT GENERATION ENVIRONMENT
HOUSING UNIT CONFIGURATION
OCCUPANTS AND SPACES
VISUAL PERCEPTION OF THE LIVING SPACE
ROOM RELATIONSHIPS AND POSITIONING
CUSTOMIZATION OF THE LIVING UNIT
Housing unit selection
Volumetric envelope
Circulation layout
Attribute rating
GENERATIVE PROCESS OF A HOUSING BLOCK
User input interfaces
1. Initial population
2. Crossover function
x x x x x x
3. Mutation function
4. Evaluation & replacement
Generative process: Genetic Algorithm
Architectural system input: Connectors
- Morphology - Circulation - Facade levels - Compactness - Structure - Efficiency - Flexibility - Density - Homogeneity - Tributary areas - Building services - Optimization - Flexibility - Concentration levels - Supplies length
Evaluating attributes Individuals Abstract space
Candidate solutions Real space
Evaluated solutions Abstract space
BUILDING COMPONENTS CATALOGUE
CREATION OF A BULDING COMPONENT
BARCODE HOUSING SYSTEM ©2002-2009 ARC Engineering and Architecture La Salle
www.salleurl.edu/arc
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