Barcelona’s New Bus Network Josep Mension Director Central Services & Deputy Chief Officer of TMB Bus Network Rethinking Bus Network Design & Operation CIVITAS Study Tour, Nantes, 24 th February 2015
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Josep Mension Director Central Services &
Deputy Chief Officer of TMB Bus Network
Rethinking Bus Network Design & Operation CIVITAS Study Tour,
Nantes, 24th February 2015
0
Contents
1
• Background • The Goals • The New Bus Network • The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes • The Assessment of the Model • The Interchange Areas • Implementing First Phases: 1, 2 & 3 • Final Comments & Some Figures • Next Steps
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Background
2
• Background • The Goals • The New Bus Network • The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes • The Assessment of the Model • The Interchange Areas • Implementing First Phases: 1, 2 & 3 • Final Comments & Some figures • Next Steps
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Background
3 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
101,00 km2 1.620.943 inhabitants 15.985 inhab./km2
Barcelona
The
cit
y o
f B
arce
lon
a
Background
4
Dimension of TMB Bus division: • 650,000 trips/weekday • 200 million trips/year • 1,165 buses • 4 depots • More than 4,000 employees
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Background
5
The former BCN Bus network was highly-valued, but:
1. Good links only from the city centre to the outskirts 2. Too many redundant routes, which leads to a less efficient system 3. The only way to increase patronage is adding more resources 4. No significant changes -concerning its layout- have been made since the establishment of
an Integrated Fare System in the BCN Met Region (2001)
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The Goals
6
• Background • The Goals • The New Bus Network • The Orthogonal Routes • The Assessment of the Model • The Interchange Areas • Implementing First Phases: 1, 2 & 3 • Final Comments & Some Figures
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The Goals
7
For the Citizens
Easier to understand
More Connectivity (Effectiveness)
Without more resources (Efficiency)
New Bus Network
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
A Project of a new Network…
The New Bus Network
8
• Background • The Goals • The New Bus Network • The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes • The Assessment of the Model • The Interchange Areas • Implementing First Phases: 1, 2 & 3 • Final Comments & Some Figures • Next Steps
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The New Bus Network
9
• Horizontal & Vertical Routes
• Diagonal Routes
• Urban Routes
• Interurban Routes
• Local Bus of the Neighbourhood
• Feeder routes
• ORTHOGONAL & DIAGONAL
GRID NETWORK
• CONVENTIONAL RADIAL
NETWORK
• LOCAL & FEEDER NETWORK
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes
10
• Background • The Goals • The New Bus Network • The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes • The Assessment of the Model • The Interchange Areas • Implementing First Phases: 1, 2 & 3 • Final Comments & Some Figures • Next Steps
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
11
The new Orthogonal & Diagonal Grid Network: a hybrid model, based on:
1. The Orthogonal Route Model 2. The “RetBus” Model
+
1 2
The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
12
1.- The Orthogonal Route Model
The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes
• Is an isotropic route model (same features all around).
• Is a shape-demand model. It defines one corridor next
to the other without taking into account the demand,
which is expected to be reorganized and to be
readapted to the new routes.
• 4-minute headway on every corridor.
• Average distance between stops: 400 m.
• Instant implementation: from one day to the next.
• Priority measures: more bus lane stretches.
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
13
1.- The Orthogonal Route Model
The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
14
2.- The “RetBus” Model
The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes
Basic configuration of the hybrid network and variables
Grid hub & spokes
Complete Semi-alternate Alternate
Mod
el
b
B
a A
S
Me
thod
olo
gy
SupplyAnalysisSe ngupthemodel:hub(grid)&spoke
(nextslide)
Op miza onMin{Z(a,s,H)}→ ac*,sc*,Hc*
DemandAnalysis
Hybridnetwork“servedemand”;op mizedparameters:a*,s*,H*
Z,Func onsumofuser&operatorcosts• a=(a/A),sizeofcentralgrid• s,distancebetweenstops• H,headway
Sensi vityanalysis
s H
a
• A group of 12 high level of service routes that follow a
hybrid hub (grid) & spokes model.
• It’s a serve-demand model
• Different headways are set: 3-minute HW in the grid
zone and 6-minute HW in the antennas.
• Different average between stops: 430 m in the city
centre and 650 m in the outskirts.
• Diverse priority measures on each corridor: signal
priority, new bus lane stretches, etc.
• Gradual implementation.
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
15
2.- The “RetBus” Model
The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes
Basic configuration of the hybrid network and variables
Grid hub & spokes
Complete Semi-alternate Alternate
Mod
el
b
B
a A
S
Me
thod
olo
gy
SupplyAnalysisSe ngupthemodel:hub(grid)&spoke
(nextslide)
Op miza onMin{Z(a,s,H)}→ ac*,sc*,Hc*
DemandAnalysis
Hybridnetwork“servedemand”;op mizedparameters:a*,s*,H*
Z,Func onsumofuser&operatorcosts• a=(a/A),sizeofcentralgrid• s,distancebetweenstops• H,headway
Sensi vityanalysis
s H
a
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
16
Main features:
1. Maximum connectivity (from one end to the other of the city, with no antennas).
2. Serve-demand oriented route system. 3. High & very high frequency routes (5 – 8 min) from 7:00 am
to 9:00 pm. 4. 1! Route per corridor. 5. Average distance between stops: 400 m. 6. 90% of journeys can be made with 0-1 transfers. 7. Gradual implementation (4-5 routes every year)
The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
17
Main benefits:
1. Easier to Understand
2. Maximum Connectivity
3. More Frequent Buses: 5 - 8 min HW
4. A wider span: from 7:00 am to 9:00 pm
The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes
18
The
17
+8+3
ort
ho
gon
al a
nd
dia
gon
al r
ou
tes
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes
19
The
17
se
a-m
ou
nta
in r
ou
tes
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
#1 ÷ #17
The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes
20
The
8 p
aral
lel-
to-t
he
-se
a ro
ute
s
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
#1
÷
#8
The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes
21
The
3 d
iago
nal
ro
ute
s
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
#2
#1
#3
22
The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes
Nomenclature:
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
V+ Odd number
H+ Even number D + 20, 30 or 40
The Assessment of the Model
23
• Background • The Goals • The New Bus Network • The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes • The Assessment of the Model • The Interchange Areas • Implementing First Phases: 1, 2 & 3 • Final Comments & Some Figures • Steps
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The Assessment of the Model
24
Output0
Yes
No
Assessment
Optimized model
Average traveling time new model < Average traveling time current model
Amount of affected passengers ≤ V0
Scientific predesign: Hybrid Model
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The Interchange Areas
25
• Background • The Goals • The New Bus Network • The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes • The Assessment of the Model • The Interchange Areas • Implementing First Phases: 1, 2 & 3 • Final Comments & Some Figures • Next Steps
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The Interchange Areas
26
Axes are 3 blocks apart from each other Other cases
Ideal interchange Areas:
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
27
The Interchange Areas
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Real interchange Areas:
The Interchange Areas
28 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Inte
rch
ange
Are
as
Implementing Phases 1, 2 & 3
29
• Background • The Goals • The New Bus Network • The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes • The Assessment of the Model • The Interchangers • Implementing First Phases: 1, 2 & 3 • Final Comments & Some Figures • Next Steps
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Implementing Phases 1, 2 & 3
30
Total Routes Phases 1, 2 & 3: 13/28 (46%) Routes Still Pending: 15/28 (54%)
2012
2013
2014
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The 1st Phase
31 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The
2H
+2V
+1D
ro
ute
s o
f th
e 1
st P
has
e
The 1st Phase
32 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
H6 Route H8: Z. Universitària – Fabra i Puig
• Route of reference: 74 • Length: 19.3 km • Fleet: articulated buses
The 1st Phase
33 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
H12 Route H12: Gornal – Besòs Verneda
• Route of reference: 56 • Length: 22.6 km • Fleet: articulated buses
The 1st Phase
34 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Route V7: Pl. Espanya – Sarrià
• Route of reference: 30 • Length: 22.6 km • Fleet: standard buses
V7
The 1st Phase
35 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Route V21: Pg. Marítim – Montbau
• Route of reference: 10 • Length: 18.9 km • Fleet: articulated buses
V21
The 1st Phase
36 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Route D20: Pg. Marítim – Ernest Lluch
• Routes of reference: 57 & 157 • Length: 18.5 km • Fleet: standard buses
D20
The 1st Phase
37 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The
new
urb
an f
urn
itu
re w
ith
RTI
& T
M
The 1st Phase
38
The
new
urb
an f
urn
itu
re w
ith
RTI
& T
M
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The 1st Phase
39 ITS & Smart Mobility a Catalunya 2015
• Two screens: RTI & service info, with digital ink • Static information • Solar panel: it can be located anywere
The
En
han
ced
po
les,
PSI
The 1st Phase
40
Div
ers
e m
eas
ure
s o
f p
rio
rity
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The 1st Phase
41
The
ro
llin
g st
ock
CNG Standard bus
CNG Articulated bus
Hybrid Biarticulated bus (2013)
Friendly environmentally fleet:
CNG
Hybrid
Diesel Euro V
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The 1st Phase
42
The
ne
w V
an H
oo
l Exq
uiC
ity
24
m
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The 1st Phase
43
Cu
sto
me
r’s
info
rmat
ion
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The 1st Phase
44 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Cu
sto
me
r’s
info
rmat
ion
The 1st Phase
45 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Evaluation:
CSS
of
the
New
Bu
s N
etw
ork
The 2nd Phase
46 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The
3H
+2V
ro
ute
s o
f th
e 2
nd P
has
e
The 2nd Phase
47 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Glo
bal
1st
an
d 2
nd P
has
e
The 2nd Phase
48 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
H8
Route H8: Camp Nou – La Maquinista
• Route of reference: 15 • Length: 25.7 km • Fleet: articulated buses
49 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
H10
The 2nd Phase
Route H10: Badal – Olímpic de Badalona
• Routes of reference: 43 & 44 • Length: 26.3 km • Fleet: articulated buses
The 2nd Phase
50 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
H16 Route H16: Paral·lel - Fòrum
• Routes of reference: 14, 36 & 41 • Length: 14.3 km • Fleet: standard buses
The 2nd Phase
51 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The 2nd Phase
52 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
V3
Route V3: Z. Franca – Can Caralleu
• Route of reference: 72 • Length: 17.3 km • Fleet: articulated buses
The 2nd Phase
53 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Route V17: Port Vell - Carmel
V17
• Route of reference: 28 • Length: 17.4 km • Fleet: standard buses
The 2nd Phase
54 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The 2nd Phase
55 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Alfons X Interchange
Area
De
sign
of
an In
terc
han
ge A
rea
The 2nd Phase
56 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Alfons X Interchange
Area
Spe
cifi
c si
gnp
ost
ing
at t
he
Inte
rch
ange
Are
a
The 2nd Phase
57 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Cu
sto
me
r’s
info
rmat
ion
Information guide at a transfer area
The 2nd Phase
58 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Cu
sto
me
r’s
info
rmat
ion
Static information: Leaflet of route H8
The 2nd Phase
59 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Cu
sto
me
r’s
info
rmat
ion
Static information: notice of upcoming changes on affected routes
The 2nd Phase
60 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Evo
luti
on
of
Rid
ers
hip
The 2nd Phase
61 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Evaluation:
CSS
of
the
New
Bu
s N
etw
ork
The 3rd Phase
62 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The
2H
+2V
ro
ute
s o
f th
e 3
rd P
has
e
The 3rd Phase
63 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Glo
bal
1st
, 2n
d &
3rd
Ph
ase
s
The 3rd Phase
64 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
• Routes of reference: 16 & 17 • Length: 20.4 km • Fleet: articulated buses
V15
Route V15: Barceloneta – Vall d’Hebron
The 3rd Phase
65 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
• Route of reference: 71 • Length: 22.1 km • Fleet: standard buses
V27 Route V27: Pg. Marítim – Canyelles
The 3rd Phase
66 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
• Routes of reference: H16 & 141 • Length: 19.4 km • Fleet: standard buses
H14
Route H14: Paral·lel – Sant Adrià
The 3rd Phase
67 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
• Routes of reference: 9, 41 & 141 • Length: 24.2 km • Fleet: articulated buses
H16
Route H16: Pg. Z. Franca – Fòrum
The 3rd Phase
68 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Evo
luti
on
of
Rid
ers
hip
The 3rd Phase
69 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Tactile screens, with access to diverse App, Wi-Fi, RTI, Static info; double (8m) & single (4m)
The smart shelters
The 3rd Phase
70 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Cu
sto
me
r’s
info
rmat
ion
The 3rd Phase
71 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Cu
sto
me
r’s
info
rmat
ion
The 3rd Phase
72 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Cu
sto
me
r’s
info
rmat
ion
The 3rd Phase
73 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Evaluation:
CSS
of
the
New
Bu
s N
etw
ork
Final Comments & Some Figures
74
• Background • The Goals • The New Bus Network • The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes • The Assessment of the Model • The Interchangers • Implementing First Phases: 1, 2 & 3 • Final Comments & Some Figures • Next Steps
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Final Comments & Some Figures
75 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
• Bus services: • 13/28 HLS routes already implanted • 2 new conventional routes created • 15 restructured routes • 16 conventional routes cancelled
• Buses of new routes are more frequent and run from 7:00 am to 9:00 pm
with their better headways (rush hour HWs)
• Ridership: • An average of 225,000 trips/weekday (≈35% of the over all network) • Horizontal routes: more than 20,000 trips/weekday • Vertical routes: from 12,000 to 18,000 trips/weekday
• New signposting for the Interchange areas
Final Comments & Some Figures
76 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
• Bus priority: • Signal priority:
• Macro (green wave based) • Micro (extension of green)
• About 400 bus stop improvements: • New double bus stops • RTI panels at main bus stops (including interchange areas) • Enhanced poles with RTI • Smart shelters
• 20% increase of length of bus lanes: currently more than 150 km in Barcelona
• More info: https://www.novaxarxabus.bcn.cat
Next Steps
77
• Background • The Goals • The New Bus Network • The Orthogonal & Diagonal Routes • The Assessment of the Model • The Interchangers • Implementing First Phases: 1, 2 & 3 • Final Comments & Some Figures • Next Steps
Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Next Steps
78 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
Ph
ase
IV
Next Steps
79 Barcelona’s New Bus Network
The
New
Bu
s N
etw
ork
aft
er
imp
lem
en
tin
g P
has
e 4