BO CO TI : QUI TRNH PHT TRIN SCRUM, VISUAL STUDIO TEAM SYSTEM TEAM FOUNDATION SERVER, NG DNG QUN L KINH DOANH QUN COOFFEE
GVHD: Trn Trng Tuyn Nhm SV thc hin gm:1. L Kim Hng (Nhm trng) 2. ng Th Hng Sm
3. Hunh L Ngc 4. Vn Th Thy Trinh
CHNG I: QUY TRNH PHT TRIN PHN MM LINH HOT SCRUM
I. nh ngha: Scrum l mt trong cc khung lm vic linh hot ph bin nhthin nay. Scrum c dng qun l cc d n pht trin phn mm, nhng cng c dng trong cc cng vic khc vi phc tp v tnh sng to rt a dng. Da trn l thuyt qun l thc nghim: Scrum s dng k nng lp v tng dn ti u ha s hiu qu v kim sot ri ro. Scrum rt n gin, d hc v kh nng ng dng ln. V vy, dng scrum chng ta cn nghin cu cc thnh phn sau y:
II. Cc thnh t cu to trong Scrum:1. Ba gi tr ct li: a) Minh bch (Transparency): Trong Scrum, minh bch c xem nh l gi tr ct li c bn nht. Mun thnh cng vi Scrum, thng tin phi minh bch v thng sut. T mi ngi vi cc vai tr khc nhau c thng tin cn thit tin hnh cc quyt nh c gi tr nng cao hiu qu cng vic. Cc cng c v cuc hp trong Scrum lun bo m thng tin c minh bch cho cc bn. b) Thanh tra (Inspection): Cng tc thanh tra lin tc cc hot ng trong Scrum bo m cho vic pht hin cc vn cng nh gii php thng tin a dng v hu ch n c vi cc bn tham gia d n. Vi vic truy xt k cng v lin tc l c ch khi u cho vic thch nghi v ci tin lin tc trong Scrum. c) Thch nghi (Adaptation): Scrum l mt trong nhng phng php pht trin rt linh hot. Nh n mang li tnh thch nghi rt cao. Scrum c th phn hi li cc thay i mt cch tch cc nh mang li nhiu thnh cng ln cho d n. 2. Ba vai tr:
a) Product Owner (Ch sn phm): L ngi chu trch nhim v s thnh cng ca d n, l ngi nh ngha cc yu cu v nh gi cui cng u ra ca cc nh pht trin phn mm. b) Scrum master (i trng): L ngi hiu bit su sc v Scrum v m bo nhm c th lm vic hiu qu vi Scrum. c) Team (i sn xut): L mt nhm lin chc nng c nhim v gii quyt cc yu cu t Product Owner to ra cc gi sn phm tt nht. 3. Bn cuc hp (Four ceremonies): a) Sprint Planning (Lp k hoach cho Sprint): i sn xut s gp g vi Product Owner ln k hoch lm vic cho mt Sprint. Cc cng vic nh l: chn la cc yu cu cn pht trin, phn tch v nhn bit cc cng vic phi lm km theo cc c lng thi gian cn thit hon tt cc cng vic. Scrum s dng phng thc lp k hoch tng phn v tng dn theo thi gian. Theo , vic lp k hoch khng din ra duy nht mt ln trong vng i ca d n m c lp i lp li, c s thch nghi vi tnh hnh thc tin trong tin trnh i n sn phm. b) Daily Scrum (Bui hp hng ngy): Scrum Master cng vi i sn xut t chc hp hng ngy i chia s tin cng vic cng nh cc kh khn gp phi trong qu trnh pht trin phn mm sut mt Sprint. c) Sprint Review (Bui hp nh gi): Cui Sprint, i sn xut cng vi Product Owner s r sot li cc cng vic hon thnh trong Sprint va qua v xut cc chnh sa hoc thay i cn thit cho sn phm. d) Sprint Retrospective (Bui hp ci tin):
Di s ch o ca Scrum Master, i sn xut s r sot li ton din Sprint va kt thc v tm cch ci tin quy trnh lm vic cng nh bn thn sn phm. 4) Ba cng c (Artifacts): a) Product backlog: C th hiu nh l danh sch cc yu cu ca d n. Product Owner chu trch nhim sp xp u tin cho tng hng mc trong Product Backlog da trn cc gi tr do Product Owner nh ngha. b) Sprint backlog: L kt qu ca bui hp lp k hoch cho mt Sprint vi s kt hp gia Product Owner v i sn xut. H s cng nhau phn tch cc yu cu theo u tin t cao xung thp hin thc ha cc hng mc trong Product Backlog di dng danh sch cng vic. c) Burndown Chart: y l biu hin th xu hng ca d n da trn lng thi gian cn thit hon tt cng vic. Burndown Chart cn c dng theo di tin ca mt Sprint hoc ca c d n.
III. Nguyn l hot ng ca Scrum:
Vi mi d n th nhim v ca Product Owner l to ra cc Product Backlog cha cc yu cu ca d n vi cc hng mc c sp xp theo th t u tin. i sn xut s c nhim v hin thc ha cc hng mc do Product Owner yu cu vi s lp i lp li cc giai on nc rt trong vng 2 n 4 tun, vi u vo l cc Product Backlog v u ra l cc gi sn phm c th chuyn giao c. Trong lc cng nhau ua nc rt th i sn xut cng hp vi Product Owner ln k hoch cho tng Sprint. Kt qu ca mi bui hp l cc Sprint Backlog. Trong qu trnh pht trin i sn xut s thng xuyn cp nht Sprint Backlog v thc hin cng vic ny hng ngy cng nhau chia s tin cng vic cng nh cc kh khn trong qu trnh lm vic. Mi Sprint kt thc l lc nhm to ra cc gi phn mm c th chuyn giao c. Cui mi Sprint, i sn xut s cng hp nh gi vi Product Owner thy c i sn xut chuyn giao c nhng g, cn nhng g phi lm hoc phi thay i, ci tin. Sau khi cuc hp nh gi kt thc, Scrum Master v i sn xut s t chc hp ci tin tm ra cc ci tin mi trc khi Sprint tip theo bt u. Cc Sprint s c lp i lp li cho ti khi cc hng mc trong Product Backlog c hon tt hoc khi Product Owner quyt nh dng d n cn c vo tnh hnh thc t. Vi chin thut quan trng lm trc nn cc hng mc mang li gi tr ln cho d n. Do , Scrum lun mang li gi tr tt nht cho ngi u t cho d n. Qui trnh lun c ci tin nn nhm Scrum thng c nng sut hot ng cao v y l li ch m Scrum mang li cho cc t chc.
IV. So snh Scrum v cc quy trnh phn mm truyn thng:1. Cc quy trnh truyn thng: a) Quy trnh thc nc(Waterfall): chia d n phn mm gm cc giai on: t t yu cu, thit k h thng, ci t (lp trnh), kim th v bo tr. Quy trnh ny d qun l nhng km linh hot v khng hiu qu bi c s thay i trong giai on sau s c s nh hng rt ln n cc giai on trc. Tt c cc yu cu
cng vic c xc nh trong qu trnh lp k hoch gm nhng vic c bn nh: xc nh cc yu cu sn phm, chi ph sn phm, ngy hon thnh Dn n kh nng thnh cng thp nu c nhng yu cu mi hoc chnh sa sn phm s c s nh hng rt ln n cc giai on trc. b) Quy trnh xon c (Spiral): chia d n thnh cc giai on nh: lp k hoch, phn tch ri ro, giao tip khch hng, nh gi li, sn xut v phn phi. Nhng cha c s dng rng ri. 2. i vi quy trnh Scrum: im mnh nht l vic linh hot, d n khng c c nh t u v thi gian hon thnh hay nhng yu cu m n s c xc nh khi pht trin thc t. Phn phi sn phm mm do: ni dung sn phm chuyn giao c xc nh linh hot theo mi trng s dng thc t. Thi gian biu linh hot: c th mun hoc sm hn so vi k hoch ban u. Cht lng sn phm tt v gim ri ro sn xut, chi ph thp. Kh nng trao i gia khch hng v nh pht trin, gia nhng thnh vin trong i c t ln mc cao. Tc pht trin nhanh, tit kim thi gian. Vic chun b hnh ng cho nhng thay i trong qu trnh pht trin tt hn v hu nh hng ngy lun c nhng bui hp nh gi li nhng vng lp pht trin. Cc bugs (li) v cc vn c pht hin sm hn rt nhiu so vi cc phng php truyn thng bi v khch hng c tham gia nh gi rt nhiu v u ra ca sn phm rt nhanh. V khi i sai hng, c th hy ngay Sprint quay li vi bn k hoch.
Bng so snh cc quy trnh phn mm:
c im Waterfall Xc nh cc Bt buc giai on pht
Spiral Bt buc
Scrum Ch c giai on lp k hoch v kt thc nh Xc nh trong trnh xy dng d n Xc nh trong qu trnh xy dng d n Xc nh trong qu trnh xy
trin Sn phm cui c xc nh c cng Chi phm Ngy ph
xc
trong qu trnh trong qu trnh lp qu lp k hoch k hoch sn c xc nh Thay i cc b trong qu trnh lp k hoch hon c xc nh Thay i cc b trong qu trnh
thnh sn phm p dng Kinh trao i ng
lp k hoch dng d n vi Trong k hoch Trong k hoch Xuyn sut t k ban u hoch n xy
mi trng s ban u
dng v kt thc nghim o to trc o to trc cho Thc hin trong cho n khi bt n khi bt tay qu trnh lm d lm d n Trung bnh thp n Cao
tay lm d n Kh nng thnh Thp cng
CHNG II: VISUAL STUDIO TEAM SYSTEM, TEAM FOUNDATION SERVER Gii thiu: Visual Studio Team System, Team Foundation Server l phn mm h tr nng cao hiu qu ca i ng pht trin phn mm c bn ca bn.
Th d bn ang s dng Team Foundation Server hay p dng t lu, th trong ti liu ny bn s tm thy nhng hng dn c th v hiu thu o iu chnh cho ph hp vi tnh hung c th ca bn. Nhng hng dn c th c trnh by trong nhng phn sau y: Phn I: Trnh by cho chng ta mt ci nhn tng qut mt cch nhanh chng ca Team Development vi Team Foundation Server. Bn cng s hnh dung ra bc tranh ln trong nhng iu kin ca mi trng pht trin phn mm ca bn, bao gm mi trng pht trin v kim th. Bn cng s tm hiu kin trc c bn ca Team Foundation Server. Phn II: Trnh by cho bn bng cch no kt cu Source Code ca bn v qun l nhng phn ph thuc. N cng trnh by cho bn bng cch no quyt nh mt chin thut Branching v Merging. V nhiu phn khc na.
Mc ch:M t cu trc Microsoft Visual Studio Team System (VSTS) v Team Foundation Server (TFS). Xc nh nhng thnh phn cu to nn cc tng Client, Application v Data. Lm r s khc nhau gia vic trin khai mt Single-server v Multi-server.
Tng quan v kin trc Team Foundation Server:Chng ny gii thiu vi cc bn kin trc TFS v s trin khai cu trc lin kt c bn.
Hnh 2: Thnh phn v cc tng trong TFS TFS c mt kin trc ba tng mt cch logic bao gm: mt tng Client, mt tng Application v mt tng Data. Tng Client tng tc vi tng Application qua cc Web Services khc nhau, tng Application s dng cc Database khc nhau trong tng Data. S trin khai cu trc c bn: phn ln ph thuc vo kch c nhm ca bn. Nu cc thnh vin tham gia trong nhm t hn 50 ngi th bn tin hnh trin khai cu trc Single-server. Nhng vi mt my ch mnh c th h tr ti a 400 ngi s dng. Nu cc thnh vin tham gia trong nhm vi s lng ln vi ngn ngi th bn tin hnh trin khai cu trc Dual-server.
I. Thnh phn cu to nn cc tng Client, Application v Data:
1. Tng Client:
Hnh 2.1 M hnh tng Client Cha cc thnh phn quan trng sau y: Team Foundation Server Object Model: y l public API c s dng tng tc vi TFS. Bn c th s dng m hnh i tng to nhng ng dng trong Client-side cho ring bn m tng tc vi TFS. Nhng thnh phn Visual Studio Industry Partners (VSIP): y l nhng cng c ca bn th ba (third-party tools), add-ins v nhng ngn ng c s dng trong Visual Studio. Microsoft Office tch hp: bao gm mt b cc add-ins dnh cho Microsoft Office excel v Microsoft Office Project cho php bn truy vn v cp nht cc Work Item trong c s d liu TFS Work Item Tracking. iu ny c bit hu ch cho cc nh qun l d n s dng rng ri cc cng c ny. Command-line tools: l nhng cng c cho php bn tng tc vi TFS t nhng dng lnh (Command-line). Phn ln cc cng c ny cung cp cc chc nng kim sot m ngun v chng hu ch trong vic t ng ha cc tc v lp v cc tc v c nh. Check-in Policy Framework: thnh phn ny h tr check-in policy feature, l mt c ch m rng cho php bn xc nhn tnh hp l ca Code trong sut Check-in process.
2. Tng Application:
Hnh 2.2 M hnh tng Application Nhng Web Services ny c nhm vo cc tp sau: Team Foundation Data Services. Team Foundation Integration Services. a) Team Foundation Data Services: Nhng Services ny gm c cc thnh phn sau: Version control Web Services: Tng Client s dng Web Services ny thc thi cc chc nng kim sot m ngun (Source Control Features) TFS khc nhau v tng ng vi Source Control Database. Work Item Tracking Web Services: Tng Client s dng Web services ny to, cp nht v truy vn cc Work Item trong Work Item Tracking Database. Team Foundation Build Web services: Tng Client v MS Build Framework s Web Services ny thc thi cc quy trnh thit k. b) Team Foundation Integration Services: Tp cc Web Services ny cung cp cc chc nng t ng v thng nht. Nhng Web Services ny khng tng tc vi tng Data. Nhng thnh phn trong Team Foundation Integration Services ny gm c: Registration Web Services: Service ny c s dng ng k cc dch v TFS khc. N gn gi thng tin trong mt c s d liu ng k. Nhng Web
Services s dng thng tin ny khm ph v xc nh xem bng cch no tng tc vi Web Services khc. Security Web Service: Service ny bao gm Group Security Service v Authorization Service. Group Security Service c dng qun l tt c cc User v Group ca TFS. Authorization Service cung cp mt h thng truy cp cho TFS. Linking Web Service: Service ny cho php cc cng c thit lp mt mi quan h c lin kt lng lo gia cc phn t d liu m chng ang cha. V d: Mi quan h gia mt Work Item sai sot v Source Code c thay i sa cha s sai sot c t chc bi TFS s dng mt Link. Eventing Web Service: Service ny cho php mt cng c hay mt dch v ng k cc loi s kin. Ngi s dng c th ng nhn c nhng s kin ny v thng bo qua e-mail hay s dn ra ca mt Web Service. V d: Bn c th s dng mt Check-in event kch hot mt Continuous Integration Build. Classification Web Service: Service ny lm vic vi Linking Web Service kch hot nhng TFS Artifact phn loi ty theo nhng nguyn tc phn loi c nh ngha trc. Thnh phn ny gip h tr Cross-tool Reporting ngay c i vi nhng Artifacts m khng chia s mt nguyn tc phn chia thng thng t chc d liu ca h. V d: Nu cc Work Item c t chc bnh thng bi nhm ca bn, trong khi Test c t chc bi cc thnh phn Component, bn cng c th t chc Test bi nhm ca bn cc Test c th c bo co cng vi cc Work Item.
3. Tng Data:
Hnh 2.3 M hnh tng Data TFS khng h tr truy cp trc tip n d liu m c lu tr trn tng Data t nhng ng dng Client. Thay vo , tt c cc yu cu v d liu c thc hin thng qua cc Web Services trn tng Application. Tng Data ca TFS bao gm cc d liu sau c lu tr tng ng vi cc Data Services trn tng Application. Work Item Tracking: Phn ny lu tr tt c cc d liu c lin quan n Work Items. Version Control: Phn ny lu tr tt c cc d liu c lin quan n Source Control. Team Foundation Build: Phn ny lu tr tt c cc thng tin lin quan n cc chc nng ca TFS Team Build. Reporting Warehouse: Phn ny lu tr tt c cc thng tin lin quan n tt c cc cng c v chc nng ca TFS. Reporting Warehouse gip vic to ra cc bo co n gin hn bng cch kt hp d liu t nhiu cng c khc nhau.
II. S khc nhau gia vic trin khai mt Single-server v Multi-server:1. Single-server Deployment:
Hnh 2.2.1 Cu trc lin kt Single Server. S trin khai Single-server l mt cu trc lin kt n gin nht v dnh cho mt i pht trin hay nhng d n th im ti a cho 400 ngi s dng. Vi phng php tip cn ny, bn ci t tt c cc thnh phn ca tng Application v tng Data trn mt Single-server v truy cp chng trn mt Domain. Nu bn cn ci th cho vic kim th, th bn c th ci t chng trn mt node server hay l mt hay nhiu Client.
2.Dual-server Deployment:
Hnh 2.2.2 Cu trc lin kt Dual Server Trin khai cu trc lin kt Dual-server rt c li cho cc nhm pht trin ln khong 2000 ngi s dng. Trong vic trin khai cu trc ny, bn ci t tng Application trn mt server node ring bit t tng Data. Bn c th ci t Team Foundation Build Server trn tng Application, nhng bn c khuyn khch thit lp mt hay nhiu Build Server dnh ring cho cc nhm ln. Nu d n dng kim th th chng ta c th trin khai cc thit b kim th n cc server node b sung. 3. Gii thch r v vic trin khai cu trc lin kt: Bn c th trin khai cu trc TFS bng cch s dng mt s khc nhau ca vng cu trc lin kt khc nhau t vic ci t Single server n gin n cu trc lin kt phc tp hn l Multi server. Bt k bn s dng bao nhiu cu trc lin kt th bn cn phi nhn bit c mt s yu cu chnh sau: Bn phi ci t tng Application v tng Data trn cng mt Domain, mc d chng c th c t trn cng Node server hay l trn mt Node server ring l. Bn phi ci t nhng my tnh c TFS vi Microsoft Windows Server 2003 phin bn Service Pack 1 hoc mi hn.
Bn phi ci t tt c cc tng ng dng ca TFS Web Services trn cng mt Server. Bn phi ci t nhng th hin TFS n trn mt my tnh n. Bn khng th ci t nhiu hn mt th hin ca TFS trn mt server. Bn khng th phn tn nhng Database ca TFS qua nhiu server d liu. Tt c cc d n phi tp trung vo mt nhm Team Foundation Server, v khng th trin khai trn nhiu nhm Server. Bn khng th s dng mt Microsoft Sharepoint portal Server Infrastructure tn ti lu tr cho cng d n ca nhm bn. Hy cn nhc vic s dng mt Server dnh ring cho cc cng TFS Sharepoint. Bn khng nn ci t TFS trn mt Server c cu hnh nh mt Domain Controller bi v iu ny khng c h tr. i vi vic trin khai Dual-Server, bn cn phi chun b mt vi Account Domain s dng khi chy TFS services. Th d: Bn cn to cc account nh l: Domain\TFS Service ang Dmain\TFS Reports. CHNG III: NG DNG QUN L KINH DOANH QUN COFFEE I. M hnh qun c ph gm: Din tch ca qun: 1000 m2 S bn: 40 bn Khu_Tng: 3 khu, 1 tng. S lng qun l v nhn vin phc v: 2 qun l, 15 nhn vin. II. Bng c s d liu: Thc n ( Tn nhm, tn mt hng, n v tnh, s lng, n gi) Mt hng ( M mt hng, tn mt hng)
Hng ha ( Mahh, tn hng, nhm, n v tnh, gi nhp, trng thi) Nhm hng ha ( M nhm, tn nhm) n v tnh ( M n v tnh, tn n v tnh) Ca lm vic ( M ca lm vic, thi gian) Khu-tng ( STT, tn khu-tng) Bn ( STT, m bn, tn bn, thuc khu-tng, tnh trng) Ha n ( M h, tn h, mhh, tn hng, n v tnh, s lng, n gi, thnh tin) Nhn vin ( STT, mnv, h hn, a ch, sodt, chc v, ngy vo lm, hsl, hslcb, gii tnh) Phiu N-X ( Msp, tn phiu, s lng nhp, s lng xut, n gi, ngy nhp, ngy xut, Phn loi N-X) Bn ( Mhh, m mt hng, tn mt hng, s lng bn, n gi bn, ngy bn) III. Cc hng mc v yu cu: Lit k dang sch tt c cc mt hng. Lit k danh sch hng ha nhp vo trong ngy. 1. Lit k danh sch hng ha nhp vo t ngy n ngy. 2. Thng k nhng mt hng bn ra nhiu nht trong ngy, in ra nhng danh sch .
3. Thng k cc mt hng tn trong ngy, in ra nhng danh sch ny. 4. In phiu tnh tin cho khch hng. 5. Tnh tng s tin chi ra trong ngy. 6. Tnh tng s tin thu vo trong ngy. 7. Tnh lng cho qun l v nhn vin phc v.
IV. D kin hon thnh cc hng mc: trong thi gian 3 tun (21 ngy). Tun u tin, nhm s tin hnh kho st hin trng v xc lp cc yu cu. V kho st hin trng: Nhm tin hnh i thc t a im cn kho st. Thu thp cc thng tin v t liu lin quan v qun Cooffee nh: a ch qun, tn qun, din tch, cch phn chia cc khu_tng qun l, s lng bn, s lng qun l_nhn vin phc v, thi gian hot ng ca qun, bi u xe Qun c bn nhng loi thc ung g, cch b tr nhn vin nh th no phc v khch hng mt cch tt nht, ni pha ch thc ung, kho cha hng V xc nh cc yu cu: Vi nhng thng tin v t liu c c trong qu trnh kho st, nhm s tin hnh to ra cc bng d liu cha thng tin cc i tng cn qun l. Cc i tng qun l y nh l: khch hng, qun l_nhn vin phc v, thc n, qun l cc khu_tng, s lng bn T cc i tng , nhm s xc lp ra cc hng mc v yu cu nh trn. Trong hai tun tip theo, vi cc hng mc v yu cu c sp xp u tin bi ch sn phm. Ngy th nht, nhm s cng nhau gii quyt hng mc u tin th nht. Trong lc gii quyt th nhm t chc hp phn tch, thit k. Vi hng mc
ny th cn lm nhng vic g v cch thc thit k cho hng mc ny ra sao. Khi phn tch hng mc mt cch r rng v thng sut th nhm s tin hnh thc thi hng mc ny. Ngy th hai, trc khi i vo gii quyt cc hng mc tip theo. Nhm trng cng cc thnh vin trong nhm s t chc hp kim tra, r sot li vi hng mc th nht th nhm lm c nhng g, cn nhng g cn chnh sa v thay i. Khi kim tra xong thy hng mc c th chuyn giao c th nhm trng vi nhim v mang hng mc c thc hin chuyn giao cho khch hng khch hng thy c trong hng mc ny nhm lm c nhng g, c ng vi yu cu hay cha, cn thay i, chnh sa nhng vn g hay khng. Trong lc nhm trng chuyn giao hng mc cho khch hng th cc thnh vin cn li trong nhm s tin hnh thc thi cc hng mc tip theo. Sau bui hp nh gi gia khch hng v nhm trng kt thc l cc bui hp ci tin ( Hp ci tin nhm mc ch tm ra hng i pht trin hn. Nu trong hng mc th nht chng ta lm nhng cng vic v thi gian nh th ny th trong hng mc th hai chng ta cn phi lm g tip theo, vi thi gian hon thnh bao lu, c th rt ngn hn.. ). V cc cng vic ny s c lp i lp li hng ngy cho ti khi no cc hng mc v yu cu c hon tt nh thi gian quy nh. V ngy cui cng th nhm s chuyn giao tt c cc gi phn mm cho khch hng theo ng thi gian. Vi m hnh qun c ph ny, nhm tin hnh lp t 3 my tnh c kt ni vi nhau theo cu trc Single-server. Trong c mt my ch v hai my con c t mi khu, tng nhm thc hin vic tnh ton, thu ngn cho cc khu, tng. Nhim v ca my ch l thng xuyn cp nht thng tin t cc my con.
