Bang Bua Canal Slum

BANG BUA CANAL SLUM

THAILAND

What is a Canal ?Canals are artificial channels for water.

Canal = Khlongs

There are two types of canals: • water conveyance canals• waterways

Canals in Bangkok ( “Venice Of The East”) are due to it’s history as a trading post with waterways as means transportation

Where is Bang Bua Canal ?

It is located in South east Asia, THAILAND (10 Km’s north of Bangkok; the Capital of the nation)

A little background on the upgrading of Bang Bua canal.

• 3,400 families

• many of them vendors, laborers and daily-wage workers.

•a lot of the houses were built on stilts right over the canal, and houses would collapse frequently

•12 informal settlements which line the 13 kilometer stretch of Bangkok Bang Bua Canal.

• insecurity, with the daily risk of fires and eviction,

• facing constant accusations of polluting the canal

• Access to community ------- network of dangerous, narrow, rickety walkways made of wood planks and bamboo.

• the people living along the Bang Bua

canal joined hands with the Baan

Mankong Program to upgrade their

communities.

Old Housing

This was what the houses along Bang Bua looked like prior to renovation.

• Inadequate space for an acceptable standard of living

• Prone to flash floods during monsoon season

• Extremely poor sanitation system

• Water pollution

REASONS FOR REPLANNING AND REBUILDING

•Atmosphere was a breeding ground for crime related deeds.

• Poor safety for residents in terms of access to public protection (FIRE brigade)

• Low levels of community spirit and sense of belonging.

• Houses are aesthetically unattractive, creating low esteem levels amongst Locals.

REGENERATION PROGRAMMS

• Klong Bang Bua scheme

• ACHR (Asian Coalition of Housing Rights)

• CODI (Community Organization Development Institution)

• Baan Mankong

KHLONG BANG BUA PROJECT• Reduce fire hazards, eviction rates and accusation

of canal pollution

• Improve communities and increase land tenure

ACHR• is a part of the Homeless International, focuses

on urban poverty issues in the developing world

• tackles the issue of forced evictions, develop opportunities and organizations for the poor.

CODI• A public organization underneath the Ministry of

Social Development and Human Security

• Supporting and assisting community organizations’ career development.

BAAN MANKONG PPROJECT• An organization setup by the Thai government to

address housing problems on Thailand’s poorest urban citizen.

HOUSING

Three types of new housing built :

• Detached house,

• twin houses and

• row houses

• Recycled building materials were used = cost-efficient

• Welfare housing and Welfare support for the extremely poor

• Housing for renters

• Houses built by the people of the community = cost efficient + experience

Tactics for Improvement1. Slum upgrading2. Re-blocking3. Land sharing4. Reconstruction5. Relocation

The Project

• There are 112 households in this community. The reconstruction is planned in three phases :

• Phase 1: build 14 houses• Phase 2 : Build 37 – 40 houses• Phase 3 : build 35 houses

TOTAL 112 units

STRATERGIES

• Houses are compactly planned to counter floods

• supported on concrete stilts for strength against collapsing

• Renting of houses encouraged for economic purposes

• developing secure housing with the involvement of the community enhances communal bonds.

POSITIVE OUTCOMES

• No eviction

• Houses built without loans, recycled materials were used = no debt to community

• Canal walkway built for easy access

• Better living conditions

•Septic tanks : Each house has its own septic tank

•Kitchen grease filters : Each house also has a small grease-trap filter in the kitchen made from PVC pipes, plastic buckets, gravel and charcoal.

• Community-wide waste water treatment : “gray water”---- central treatment plant------water trees -----rest goes

into the canal

• Community wide waste collection is done and disposed without polluting the canal

• Oil Collected from filters in kitchens: Sold to make candles

• Growing Pak boong (kind of vegetable): cleans water in natural way, available to eat, and to sell

• Community health centre and school

• Tourism increased (floating market)

• 3-meter street along canal– Walking– Cars (if necessary)

• Boats are no longer able to run along the canal

• Separate pedestrian and vehicular paths are not provided.

• Cheap materials were used for households:Problems may result because of this later on.

NEGATIVE OUTCOMES

A SLUM REDEVELOPMENT PROJECT

INTEGRATED HOUSING AND SLUM REDEVELOPMENT PROJECT AT

VIRAR,THANE,MAHARASHTRA, INDIA ARCHITECT-SUVARNA LELE

PREVAILING SCENARIO

India is undergoing transition from rural to semi urban society

Increasing migration from RURAL to URBAN areas

Mismatch between demand and supply of sites and services

Disparity between high land costs , cost of construction and lower incomes leading to non

sustainable situation

Lack of equitable supply of land, shelter and services at affordable prices

Environmental paradigms neglected while design and planning

Depletion of resources in construction and negligence of ecology in design

Lack of application of cost effectiveness and energy efficiency in construction

IHSDP PROJECT BENEFITS TO SLUM DWELLERS

Housing

Provision of Individual Toilets, Drainage

Water Supply Arrangement

Roof Top Rain Water Harvesting

Electric Connection

Storm Water disposal pipe line

Community Centre

USE OF ADVANCE COST EFFECTIVE TECHNOLOGY /

MATERIAL

Fly -Ash, Lime and Gypsum mixed bricks (Fal-G) will be

used for construction of dwelling units.

Precast Ferro Cement jali will be used in place of steel

or wooden window.

Man Hole Covers For Inspection Chamber will be

used made from precast Ferro cement

Precast RCC door frame will used in place of teak-

wood frame.

Precast Ferro Cement Chajja cum Lintel will be

used in place of conventional insitu RCC for cost & time saving

purpose

RCC for cost & time saving purpose. Precast Ferro

Cement steps will be used in place of conventional brick

masonry.

PUSHPA NAGAR SLUMSPREVAILING SCENARIO

Justification for need of the IHSDP

•No Housing scheme like Lok Awas Yojana (LAY) of GOM of VAMBAY (Valmiki Ambedkar Malin Basti Awas Yojana) was launch by the State or GOI.

•The above scheme was only in 61 town of the state. Hence DMC could not provide the basic need to slum residents

•Under IHSDP it provided shelter along with the basic need like Water, Road, Drain, Storm Water Disposal, Solid Waste Disposal, Sewerage, Street light etc are in one package which provides hygienic and habitable condition to the poor, which will definitely up lift the standard of living

PROPOSED SITE PLAN

PLAN OF A SINGLE FLAT

BUILDING PLAN

BUILDING PLAN WITH LAWN

COMMUNITY CENTRE

SECOND FLOOR THIRD FLOOR

Community centre TEMPLE

Small Area available for community centre which is situated at the

entrance of the site

Temple area with lawn and sitting for recreation

Energy saving electrical fittings

Rainwater water harvesting

Compact planning due to less area available resulted in 4-1 dwelling unit.Use of eco-friendly materials for better environment.TEMPLE and COMMUNITY CENTRE enhances community bondingRainwater harvesting technique as energy saving measure.

INFERENCES

THANK YOU

CHAITANYA 090159RACHANA 090160RAVALI 090172MANOGNA 090175MEHAR 090176