Balai Budidaya Laut Batam

THE ADVANTAGE AND THE DISADVANTAGE OF INTEGRATED FISH FARM IN ASIA

By : Romi Novriadi (Indonesia) Floriefe M G, (Philipines)

Priyanka Biswas (Bangladesh)Eamy N Yaacob (Malaysia)

BACKGROUND

Integrated fish farming systems refer to the production, integrated management and

comprehensive use of aquaculture, agriculture and livestock, with an emphasis on aquaculture. China

has a long and rich history of integrated fish farming. Written records from the first and second

centuries B.C. documented the integration of aquatic plant cultivation and fish farming.

THE PRINCIPLE OF INTEGRATED FISH FARM

The waste products of one biological system serve as nutrients for a second biological system.

The integration of fish and plants results in a polyculture that increases diversity and yields multiple products.

Water is re-used through biological filtration and recirculation.

Local food production provides access to healthy foods and enhances the local economy.

BASIC MODEL OF INTEGRATED FISH FARM

a) Agri-based fish farming b) Live-stock fish farming The fish-cum live-stock farming is

realised as innovation for recycling of organic wastes as well as production of high protein content feed at low cost.

MODELS OF INTEGRATED FISH FARM

A multilevel integrated fish farming web of chicken-pig-fish (Source : FAO)

MODELS OF INTEGRATED FISH FARM

A web of integrated fish farming of cow-earthworm-duck-fish (FAO)

Parallel Connected Web of Multitrades

Integrated fish farming network in Xiang Yang Aquaculture Farm, Wuxi (Sorce : FAO)

THE ADVANTAGE OF INTEGRATED FISH FARM

1. Efficient waste utilisation from different culture practice for fish production (artificial balance)

The re-cycling of organic wastes for fish culture servesthe dual purpose of cleaning the environment (by

avoiding the problem of waste disposal).This is important to sustainable aquaculture

THE ADVANTAGE OF INTEGRATED FISH FARM

2. It reduces the additional cost for supplementary feeding as well as fertilisation

Manure loading in integrated fish farming basically comes from poultry and other farm animals, which contain considerable

quantities of nutrients for fish production. Protein content from manure ranges between 10 – 30%, energy between 110 - 1400 kcal

per kg manure with synthesized soluble vitamins in high concentration (Praff, 1975; Tuleun, 1992). It also contains non digested feed. It can be utilized to replace reasonable parts of

feed stuff used in conventional fish production cost

3. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies as a necessary complement to fish farming practice.

A study survey in Mekong Delta, Vietnam showed – IPM rice-fish have higest net income (19 500 000 VND/year/ha) due to comparatively low costs and high yields

of both rice and fish.

The production costs are lower but the rice yield is similar to that of non-IPM rice farm. Non-IPM rice-fish farmers have the lowest

net income (15 800 000 VND per year ha−1) due to their high costs and low yields (Berg, 2002)

THE ADVANTAGE OF INTEGRATED FISH FARM

3. It reduces the input and increases output and economic efficiency

The economic benefit of integrated fish farming cannot be over-emphasized since the integration is varied and diversified in nature. It is one of the most

viable, reliable and profitable of any farming enterprise

THE ADVANTAGE OF INTEGRATED FISH FARM4. Has potential to

increase the production and socio-economic status of weaker section of our society

It contributes immensely to the economic empowerment of many families especially in

the rural communities. It enables the farmer to be

productive all the year round and fully maximize its

production

THE ADVANTAGE OF INTEGRATED FISH FARM

4. Meet the Milennium Development Goals (MDG’s) Objective

Ensure the food security and the Food availability

THE DISADVANTAGE

Consider this

The spread of diseaseTo the fish

To the Human

THE DISADVANTAGE

To the fish

Environment measurement at Chicken-fish farm

Spread of Fish Diseasefish become more susceptible to- diseases both parasites, bacteria, and viruses that are transmitted from livestock manure or from food remains with a poor quality,

Degradation of Water qualityWater as a live place for fish, become worse, as a result of excessive nutrient input and low of dissolved oxygen

Pesticide

P

Disease

Chemica

lPoor water quality

N

Death fish at Agri-based fish farm

Rice-fish farming in Northern Malaysia, concurrent increase use of pesticides and herbicides – affected fish species. Double cropping of rice - shorter growing season for fish.

Pesticide – necessary for high yield, but adverse effect on health and environment.

THE DISADVANTAGE

To the HumanRemember about H5N1

?

Chicken farm at Catfish

Chicken got H5N1 virus

Given to Catfish

Now, suppose chickens had died of H5N1. Surely this way, would get H5N1 into the fish guts (how long might it remain?), as well as onto skin, and into water? And how about us

as consumer?

THE DISADVANTAGE

fish production will be very dependent on the production of other livestock (especially to the food)

disrupt the growth rate of fish – fish/duck > fish/goat (Geeta, 1988).

Stress fishReduce the immunity

Where is my food?

SOLUTIONSocio-cultural factor – together with economic and technical feasibility studies on integrated farming.

Budget analysis, estimate cost of production and profit of operation.

Finance well-planned development projects to promote integrated fish farming.

Use of formulated bio-fertilizer and microagent for water manipulation

SOLUTIONTraining on  integrated aquaculture-agriculture by bilateral oranization - World Fish Center

Showed significant positive impact on farmers' technical efficiency, total factor productivity and net incomes (Murshed-E-Jahan and Pemsl, 2011).

References

Murshed-E-Jahan, K. & Pemsl, D.E., 2011. The impact of integrated aquaculture-agriculture on small-scale farm sustainability and farmers' livelihoods: Experience from Bangladesh. J. Agri. Syst. 104 (5); 392-402.

Berg, H., 2002. Rice monoculture and integrated rice-fish farming in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam—economic and ecological consideration. Ecological Economics, 41; 95-107.

DANK U