BAKTERI PENYEBAB GASTROENTRITIS DAN HELICOBACTER PYLORI OLEH : MUHAMMAD ASAAD MAIDIN BAGIAN MIKROBIOLOGI , FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNHAS
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BAKTERI PENYEBAB
GASTROENTRITIS DAN
HELICOBACTER PYLORI
OLEH :
MUHAMMAD ASAAD MAIDIN
BAGIAN MIKROBIOLOGI, FAKULTAS
KEDOKTERAN UNHAS
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Enterohemorrhagic
( EHEC, VTEC )
Enteroadherent ( EAEC )
Shigella dysentriae, S.flexnery, S.boydii, S.sonnei
Salmonella typhi
Salmonella enteritidis*
Vibrionaceae
Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus
Campylobacter andHelicobacter
Campylobacter fetus,C.jejuni
Helicobacter pylori
Human carriers,possibly catle
Human carriers
Human GI tract
Human GI tract
Cattle, poultry
Human GI tractSeawater, seafood
Animals, humancarriers
Unknown
Diarrhea, hemorrhagiccolitis, hemolytic-uremicsyndrome
Diarrhea
Dysentery, diarrhea
Typhoid fever,bacteremia
Gastroenteritis
Profuse, watery diarrhea
Watery diarrhea
Diarrhea, septicemia
Chronic gastritis, peptic,ulecer, gastric cancer
EAEC=enterodherent E.coli; EHEC=enterohemorrhagie; ETEC= enterotoxigenic; E.coli; G1=gastrointestinal;
VTEC= verotoxin-producing E.coli. S. enteritidis is subclassified into hundreds of serotypes
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Gastrointestinal
Urinary tract infections
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Staphylococcus aureusAnaerobic bacteria
Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Escherichia coli
Salmonella species *
Shigella speciesCampylobacter species
Helicobacter pylori
Clostridium perfringens
Clostridium difficile
Bacillus cereusEscherichia coli
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Enterobacter species
Kl;ebsiella species
Proteus species
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Table 52-1. Noninvasive Versus Invasive Diarrhea
Noninvasive Invasive ( Bacterial / Parasitic )
Stool Profuse secretory Dysentery
(blood,mucus,PMN lukocytes( Severe, watery )
Fever No YesSystemic No YesAbdominal pain Mild Severe ( carmping, tenesmus )
Site of infection Small intestine Colon
PMN = polymorphonucleaR
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Tabel 52.2 . Features of specific Types of Noninvasive Bacterialdiarrhea
VibrioCholerae
Escherichiacoli
Clostridium
prefringens
Bacilluscereus*
Staphylococcus aureus+
Incubation( hours )
Duration( Housr )
Abdominalcramps
Vomiting
12 – 72
48 – 120
0
+
24 – 72
24 – 48
+
±
6 – 12
12 – 24
++++
+
3 – 8
12 – 24
++
++
1 – 6
6 – 12
++
++++
•Diarrhea can be caused by performed toxin or by toxin elaborated in the intestine by proliferating bacteria
+ Diarrhea can be caused by ingestion of toxin – contaminated food
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Table 52-3. Features of Specific Types of InvasiveBacterial Diarrhea
Shigella Escherich i coli
Salmonella Yersiniaenterocoliti ca
Incubation( hours )
Duartion(hours)
Abdominal
pain
Vomiting
Fever
24 – 72
48 – 120
++++
++
++
24 – 72
24 – 48
++++
+
++
8 – 48
12 – 24
+
+
++++
1 – 6
6 – 12
++
++
++
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Table 52-4. Clinical and Epidemiological Features of Bacterial FoodPoisoning
Cause
Percentageof Reported
Outbreaks
Incubation Period
( hours )
ClinicalPresentation
CharacteristicFoods
Intoxication
Bacillus cereus
Clostridium
botolinum
Staphylococcus
aureus
Vibrio
parahaemolyticus
Infections
Bacillus cereus
clostridium
perfringens
Salmonella
Shigella
1 – 2
5 – 15
15 – 25
1 – 2
1 – 2
5 – 15
10 – 30
2 – 5
1 – 6
12 – 27
2 – 4
10 24
6 – 24
9 – 15
6 – 48
12 – 48
Vomiting
Neuromuscular
Paralysis
Vomitingdiarrhea
Watery diarrhea
Watery diarrhea
Watery diarrhea
Dysentery
Dysentery
Re-warmed friedrice
Canned foods of alltypes
Metas, custrad,Salads
Shellfish
Meat, poultry,vegetables
Meat, poultry
Poultry, eggs, meat,
vegetables
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HELICOBACTER PYLORI
•
# Spiral shaped or curved negative gramrod similar in appearance to
campylobacters, but differ sufficiently in
certain biochemical and flagellar
characteristics.
• # Motile active
•
# On media skirrow or cocolate medium,growing with in 3-6 hari, 37’C,
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• # microaerofilic.
• # Oxidase positive
• # Catalase positive
• # Strongly urease positive
(Campylobacter urease negative)
• # Flagella positive
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• The environment found in the mucous
layer of the gut, a transitional zonebetween the anaerobic lumen and theoxygenated mucosa
•Size 3.5x o,6 um, with 1.5 wave lengthsand 4 to 7 sheated flagella at one endof the organism.
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• HP causes gastritis and peptic ulcer.
Infection with HP is a risk factor forgastric carcinoma.
• Transmission : person to personbecause there is clustering with infamilies.
• Laboratory diagnosis:
= Gram stained smears(endoscopy orbiopsy)
=
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