Baisc Components Functions

8/11/2019 Baisc Components Functions

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Department of Aerospace Engineering

AE332 - Aerospace Structures II

Basic Construction and Functions of Aircraft Parts

Figure 1: Parts of an aircraft


AE332 Aircraft Structures IICourse Instructor: Dr. PM Mohite

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Figure 2 (a: Construction of a t!pica" aircraft #ing ($#o Spars



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Figure 2(&: 'ing construction (Sing"e Spar




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Figure 3: 'ing &o) cross*section



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Figure %: $!pica" #ing spar configurations



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Figure : 'ing front spar (of C1%1 #ing



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Figure +: $!pica" #ing ri& configurations




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Figure: Fuse"age of a transport aircraft

Figure ,: Fuse"age structure t!pes



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Figure -(a: $!pica" "an0ing gear s!stem



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Typical Transport Aircraft ing Structural eig!t Distri"ution

Engine 2#$

Interior% &'$System% 2#$

Airframe% ('$ &) ing ('$ 2) Fuselage ('$ 3) Tail $

Sin stringers an0 spar caps 3

Access 0oors sp"icers an0 attachments -

Spar #e&s ,

4i&s 5u"hea0s -

6E an0 $E 11

Secon0ar! structures %

Contro" surfaces 1-



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Functions of S*in or Co+er

1. It transmits t!e aerodynamic forces to t!e longitudinal and trans+ersesupporting mem"ers "yplate and membrane action

2. It develops shearing stresses,!ic! react to t!e applied torsional moments

and s!ear forces

3. It acts with the longitudinal members in resisting the applied bending and axial

loads

4. It acts with longitudinal in resisting the axial load with the transverse members

in reacting t!e !oop or circumferential load ,!en t!e structure is

pressuri.ed

5. In addition to t!eses/ it pro+ides an aerodynamic surface and co+er for t!e

contents of t!e +e!icle

Spar ,e"s play a role t!at is similar to function 2 of t!e s*in

Functions of 0ongitudinals/ Stringers or Stiffenners 10ongerons)

& T!ey resist bending and axial loadsalong ,it! t!e s*in

2 T!ey divide the skin into small panelsand t!ere"y increase its "uc*ling and

failure stresses

3 T!ey act with the skin in resisting axial loadscaused "y pressuri.ation

T!e spar caps in an aerodynamic surface perform functions & and 2

Functions of Frames/ ings 1Bul*!eads)

& aintain cross section s!ape

2 Distri"ute concentrated loads into t!e structure and redistri"ute stresses

around structural discontinuities

3 Establish the column length and provide end restraint for the longitudinal to

increase their column buckling stress

( Provide edge restraint for the skin panels and thereb increase the plate

buckling stress of these elements

' Act ,it! t!e s*in in resisting t!e circumferential loads due to pressuri.ation



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Baisc Components Functions

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