Top Banner
LEANING BY DOING MÔN : PHẦN CỨNG MÁY TÍNH MÔN : PHẦN CỨNG MÁY TÍNH
43

Bai 05 bo nho chinh ramrom

Jun 17, 2015

Download

Documents

ntquangpro
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
  • 1. MN : PHN CNG MYTNHLEANING BY DOING

2. BI 5: B NH CHNH MAIN MEMORYTng quan v b nhChng loi v thng s k thutChun giao tipChn on v x l s cBi tp tnh hung Logo 3. MC TIU BI HCHiu bit cu to c bn ca b nhGii thch cc kiu b nhThng s k thut, cng ngh ca ROM v RAMPhng php lp t RAMChn on v x l liLogo 4. B nh ROMROM (Read Only Memory - b nh ch c): l loi chp nh c nh (Non-Volatile), thng tin lu tr trong ROM khng b mt khi tt my.Chc nng: dng lu tr cc chng trnh, cc thng s k thut ca cc thitb phc v cho qu trnh qun l, khi ng my tnh nh: BIOS, POST cghi bi nh sn xut. Logo 5. PHN LOI B NH Logo 6. Phn loi b nh ROMPROM (Programmable ROM): l loi chip c lp trnh bng chngtrnh c bit, d liu s khng b mt khi tt my. c lp trnh mtln v d liu trn chip khng th xa.EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM): l loi chip m thng tin lutr c th xa bng tia cc tm (xo ghi bng phn cng).Logo 12 7. Phn loi b nh ROMEEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM) c gi l FlashROM: loi chip nh c ch to bng cng ngh bn dn. Ton bthng tin c th xa bng in v sau ghi li m khng cn ly rakhi my tnh.Logo 8. B Nh RAM RAM (Random Access Memory - b nh truy xut ngu nhin): l thit b khng th thiu trong my tnh. Ni lu tr tm thi cc d liu, chng trnh trong qu trnh hot ng ca my tnh. Chip RAM l loi bin i Logo (Volatile) nn d liu s b mt khi tt my.www.themegallery.comwww.ispace.edu.vn 9. B nh RAMCu to: c kt hp bi nhiu chip nh. Chip nh l mch tch hp (IC) clm t hng triu bng bn dn (transistor) v t in. Mt bng bn dn v mtt in kt hp nhau to thnh t bo nh (Cell).T in thng xuyn mt in nn mch iu khin chip nh cn np li introng mt khong thi gian nht nh, khi mt ngun th thng tin trn chip s bmt.Trong qu trnh hot ng ca my tnh, mi ch th v cc chng trnh phnmm u c np trc tip vo RAM v ch CPU x l.Logo 10. PHN LOI B NH Logo 11. CC THNG S C TRNGDa vo cc c trng c bn ca b nh RAM s cung cp cho chng Da vo cc c trng c bn ca b nh RAM s cung cp cho chngta cc thng tin cn thit cho qu trnh lp rp v nng cp b nh ph ta cc thng tin cn thit cho qu trnh lp rp v nng cp b nh phhp vi nhu cu s dng. Cc thng s ny thng c ghi trn nhn hp vi nhu cu s dng. Cc thng s ny thng c ghi trn nhnca thanh RAM. ca thanh RAM.Dung lng (Memory Capacity): kh nng lu tr thng tin trn chipnh RAM, c tnh bng B/MB/GB. Dung lng ca RAM cng ln thLogoh thng hot ng cng nhanh.Tc (Speed): tn s hot ng ca RAM, tnh theo: tc v bngthng. 512 DDR333 bus 333MHz, dung lng 512MB. 512 PC2700 bng thng khi chy tc 333MHz l 2700MBps (l thuyt). 12. Cch tnh bng thng RAMCch tnh bng thng b nh RAM :Bandwidth = Bus speed x Bus width x ChannelV d: tc Bus l 400Mhz, rng ng truyn l 64 bit.Single Channel: BW = 400 x 64 / 8 x 1 = 3200MBps (PC3200).Dual Channel: BW = 400 x 64 / 8 x 2 = 6400MBps Logo 13. Cc chng loi SDR-SDRAM Tc TcChu Tc ChngBngxung inS chn n giao rng truynloi`Thng nhp th (pin) Bustip (Byte) (MB/s) (Mhz)(Mhz)Logo PC 66 66 66533 SDR PCSDRADIMM 1003.38168 100 800 100M PC 333133 1.066 133 14. Cc chng loi b nh RAMChu Tc STc Tc Chng nBngin xung rng chnBustruynloigiao Thng th nhp (Byte) (pin) (Mhz)(MB/s)tip (Mhz) PC 1600 100 2001.600 PC 2100 133 2662.133DDRAM DIMM 2.5Logo 8 184 PC 2700 166 3332.667 PC 3200 200 4003.200 PC 4300 266 5334.266DDRAMDIMM PC 5400 333 1.8 8 240 6675.333II PC 6400 400 8006.400 PC 8500 533 1066 8.500DDRAMDIMM PC1.5 8 240III667 1333 10.670 10600 15. Phn loi b nh RAMSRAM: (Static RAM-RAM tnh), l dngchip nh c tc hot ng nhanh t10 ns n 20 ns.SRAM c s dngLogocho b nh mcache trong CPUnh: cache L1, cacheL2, cache L3. 16. Phn loi b nh RAMDRAM: (Dynamic RAM-RAM ng), l dng chip nh c s dng lm b nhchnh cho hu ht cc my tnh hin nay. Tc truy xut chm hn SRAM,ch khong t 60ns n 80ns. C 2 loi chnh: SDRAM (Vit tt t Synchronous Dynamic RAM) c gi l DRAM ng b. SDRAM gm 3 phn loi: SDR, DDR, DDR2 v DDR3Logo RDRAM (Vit tt t Rambus Dynamic RAM), thng c gii chuyn mn gi tt l Rambus". y l mt loi DRAM c thit k k thut hon ton mi so vi k thut SDRAM. RDRAM hot ng ng b theo mt h thng lp v truyn d liu theo mt hng.www.themegallery.comwww.ispace.edu.vn 17. Cc chng loi b nh RAMSDR SDRAM (Single Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic RAM): c tc bus t 66/100/133/150MHz, tng s pin l 168, vi rng bus l 64 bit,in p l 3.3V v giao tip theo dng Modules DIMM.Logo 18. Cc chng loi b nh SDRAM Logo SDR-SDRAM 144pin SODIMMSDR-SDRAM 168pin DIMM 19. Cc chng loi b nh RAMDDR SDRAM (Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic RAM): Truynti 2 ln trong mt chu k b nh. C tc bus 200/266/333/400/MHz,64 bit d liu, tng s pin l 184, in p l 2.5V. Chun giao tip lModules DIMM.Logo DDR-SDRAM 200pin SODIMMDDR-SDRAM 184pin DIMM 20. Cc chng loi b nh RAMDDR II SDRAM (Double Data Rate II Synchronous Dynamic RAM): phttrin sau ny c tc bus kh ln 400/533/667/800/1066MHz, s bit dliu l 64 bit, tng s pin l 240, in p l 1.8V. Chun giao tip lModules DIMM.DDR2-SDRAM 200pin SODIMMLogo DDR2-SDRAM 240pin DIMM 21. Cc chng loi b nh RAM Logo 22. Cc chng loi b nh RAMDDR III SDRAM (Double Data Rate III Synchronous Dynamic RAM): ctc bus 800/1066/1333/1600 Mhz, s bit d liu l 64, in th l1.5v, tng s pin l 240.LogoDDR3-SDRAM 204pin SODIMM DDR2-SDRAM (trn) v DDR3-SDRAM (di) 23. RDRAMRDRAM (Vit tt t Rambus Dynamic RAM), thng c gii chuyn mngi tt l Rambus". y l mt loi DRAM c thit k k thut hon tonmi so vi k thut SDRAM. RDRAM hot ng ng b theo mt h thnglp v truyn d liu theo mt hng.Mt knh b nh RDRAM c th h tr n 32 chip DRAM. Mi chip c ghpni tun t trn mt module gi l RIMM (Rambus Inline Memory Module) nhngvic truyn d liu c thc hin gia cc mch iu khin v tng chip ringbit ch khng truyn gia cc chip vi nhau. LogoBus b nh RDRAM l ng dn lin tc i qua cc chip v module trn bus,mi module c cc chn vo v ra trn cc u i din. Do , nu cc khe cmkhng cha RIMM s phi gn mt module lin tc m bo ng truync ni lin. Tc Rambus t t 400-800MHz 24. Cc chng loi b nh RAMRDRAM (Rambus DRAM): c bus 600/700/800/1066Mhz, in p 2.5v,s bit d liu 64, s pin 184, chun giao tip Modules RIMM. Loi RAMny ch yu dng trong nhng my cao cp.Rambus c hai loiR DRAM: 16-bit, gm PC-600, PC-800, PC-1066 c 184 chn 32-bit, gm PC-3200, PC-4200 c 232 chn. Logo 25. 16Bit RDRAM CRIMM 184 pin Logo 26. 32bit RDRAM CTRIMM 232pinLogo 27. Cc chng loi b nh RAM Logo 28. Cng ngh Dual ChannelCng ngh Dual Channel: k thut RAM knh i (tng ngtruyn bng thng gp 2 ln - m rng rng bus d liu t 64bitln 128bit) tng tc truy xut d liu trn RAM.Khi ng dng k thut Dual Channel cn c nhng yu cu sau:mainboard & chipset h tr, cc cp thanh RAM phi cng loi,cng hng sn xut & c gn trn cc knh khc nhau. Logo 29. Cng ngh Dual Channel Logo 30. Knh n v knh iLogo 31. THAO TC LP RP B NHK thut thao tc an ton gip hn ch cc s c hng hc c th xy K thut thao tc an ton gip hn ch cc s c hng hc c th xyra trong qu trnh tip xc vi thit b. C nhiu loi RAM khc nhau ra trong qu trnh tip xc vi thit b. C nhiu loi RAM khc nhaunhng cc thao tc u tng t nhau. nhng cc thao tc u tng t nhau.Logo 12 1233 32. THAO TC LP RP B NHLogo 33. THAO TC LP RP B NHLogo 34. THAO TC LP RP B NHLogo 35. THAO TC LP RP B NHLogo 36. THAO TC LP RP B NHLogo 37. CHN ON V X L S C RAM S c Chn onKhc phcOxy ho.Cc im tip xc trn RAM V sinh chn tip xcv slot b oxy ho do dng (gm) & khe cmin v mi trng sau 1 thi (xng thm v bnchi).gian s dng.Chy chip / chn tip Do lp t sai, khng st, Thay th thanh RAMLogoxc.tho lp khi ngun ang hot khc.ng.Li chip nh, mn H mi hn, li k thut, xung Dng phn mm Goldhnh xanh dump. t.Memory, Docmemory,Memtest kimtra.H thng pht ra RAM li, cha gn RAM, Kim tra / thay thting beep lin tc RAM khng tng thchRAM.khi POST. 38. Mn hnh xanh - dumpLogo 39. Chng trnh GoldMemoryLogo 40. Chng trnh Memtest 86Logo 41. BI TP KIM TRAChip nh RAM c 2 dng c bn l?SDR SDRAM c chun giao tip l?RDRAM c chun giao tip l?DDR SDRAM c bao nhiu pin?, in p?DDR 2 SDRAM thng c bus l?SIMM l t vit tt ca cm t?LogoCng ngh Dual Channel c tch hp trn?Trn Modules RAM c ghi PC2 5400 bus hiu dng?, 42. TNG KT BI HCROM & RAM l b nh chnh (b nh trong) ca my tnh thuckhi b nh.ROM l b nh ch c, khng mt thng tin khi mt in. ROMcha chng trnh BIOS, c trn mainboard & cc thit b ngoi vi.RAM l b nh truy xut ngu nhin, lu tr d liu tm thi, khimt in th d liu trn RAM s mt. C 2 dng: SRAM & DRAM.LogoCc thng s RAM: dung lng, bus, in th, chng loi, bngthngCc s c thng gp: h chip, g st, li chip nh, chy chip, oxyho... 43. HI VPLEANING BY DOING