Bahan Kuliah SIM Minggu 1

Puji dan syukur kepada Allah SWT

Shalawat dan Salam teruntuk Rasulullah SAW

Bismillahirrahmanirrahiim

We Live in

Information Age

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Computers and Information System are all around

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Computers and Information System are all around

Dasar – Dasar

Sistem Informasi

Dalam Bisnis

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Pendahuluan

• Sistem Informasi dan teknologi telah menjadi komponen penting dalam kemajuan dan keberhasilan bisnis/organisasi

• Teknologi informasi membantu dalam peningkatan efisiensi, efektifitas, pengambilan keputusan manajerial, kerjasama kelompok kerja, dan memperkuat posisi kompetitif sebuah organisasi

• Pentingnya mempelajari sistem informasi sama dengan pentingnya mempelajari akuntansi, pemasaran, dan lainnya.

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An IS Framework for Business Professionals

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THE SYSTEMS VIEW

All components are there … but they don’t work well together!

What Is a System?

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System – a set of interrelated componentsthat must work together to achieve some common purpose

THE SYSTEMS VIEWWhat Is a System?

System – a set of interrelated proceduresthat must work together to achieve some common purpose

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A System

ManufacturingProcess

Input ofRaw Materials

Output ofFinished Products

Environment

Other Systems

Control byManagement

ControlSignals

ControlSignals

FeedbackSignals

FeedbackSignals

System Boundary

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THE SYSTEMS VIEW

Information System – the collection of IT, procedures, and

people responsible for the capture, movement,

management, and distribution of data and information

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Information System

Input ofData

Resources

Processing Data

Output ofInformation

Products

Control of System Performance

Storage of Data Resources

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InformationSystems

Resources

PeopleComponents of an Information System

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Components of an Information System

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Data versus Information

Monthly Sales Report for West Region

Sales Rep: Charles MannEmp No. 79154Item Qty Sold PriceTM Shoes 1200 $100

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Data vs Information,

Data• A “given,” or fact; a number, a statement, or a

picture

• Represents something in the real world

• The raw materials in the production of information

Information• Data that have meaning within a context

• Data in relationships

• Data after manipulation

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Data versus Information

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Attributes of Information Quality

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Attributes of Information Quality

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Major Roles of Information Systems

Support Strategies for

Competitive Advantage

SupportBusiness Decision Making

Support Business Processes and Operations

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History of the role of Information Systems

Data Processing

1950-1960

ElectronicData Processing- TPS

ManagementReporting

1960-1970

ManagementInformationSystems

DecisionSupport

1970-1980

DecisionSupportSystems- Ad hoc Reports

Strategic &End User

1980-1990

End UserComputingExec Info SysExpert SystemsSIS

Electronic Commerce

1990-2000

ElectronicBusiness & Commerce-InternetworkedE-Business &Commerce

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The e-Business Enterprise

Manufacturingand

Production

Engineering &Research

Accounting,and Finance

Suppliers and Other Business Partners

Supply Chain ManagementProcurement, Distribution, and Logistics

Customer Relationship ManagementMarketing Sales Customer Service

Consumer and Business Customers

CompanyBoundary

Intranets

The Internet

Extranets

Ext

ran

ets

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Types of Information Systems

Transaction

Processing

Systems

Process

Control

Systems

Enterprise

Collaboration

Systems

Operations

Support

Systems

Management

Information

Systems

Decision

Support

Systems

Executive

Information

Systems

Management

Support

Systems

Information Systems

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Sistem Pendukung Operasi

• Sistem Pemrosesan Transaksi, memproses data yang dihasilkan dari transaksi bisnis, memperbaharui database operasional, dan menghasilkan dokumen bisnis. Contoh : Pemrosesan penjualan dan persediaan, serta sistem akuntansi

• Sistem Pengendalian Proses, mengawasi dan mengendalikan berbagai proses industrial. Contoh : penyulingan minyak dan sistem produksi baja

• Sistem Kerjasama Perusahaan, mendukung komunikasi dan kerjasama tim, kelompok kerja dan perusahaan. Contoh : email, video conference, dan forum bincang

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• Sistem Informasi Manajemen, memberikan informasi dalam bentuk laporan yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya untuk mendukung pengambilan keputusan bisnis. Contoh : Analisis penjualan, dan sistem pelaporan trend biaya

• Sistem Pendukung Keputusan, memberikan dukungan interaktif khusus untuk proses pengambilan keputusan para manajer dan praktisi bisnis lainnya. Contoh : penetapan harga produk, dan sistem analisis risiko.

• Sistem Informasi Eksekutif, memberi informasi penting dari SIM, SPK, dan sumber lainnya yang dibentuk sesuai kebutuhan informasi para eksekutif. Contoh : sistem analisis pesaing, dan pendukung perencanaan strategis

Sistem Pendukung Manajemen

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• Sistem pakar (expert system),sistem berbasis pengetahuan yang menyediakan saran pakar dan bertindak sebagai konsultan. Contoh : penasihat aplikasi kredit

• Sistem manajemen pengetahuan (knowledge management system),sistem berbasis pengetahuan yang mendukung pembuatan, pengaturan, dan penyebaran pengetahuan bisnis dalam perusahaan. Contoh : akses intranet ke praktik bisnis terbaik.

• Sistem Informasi Strategis (strategic information system),mendukung operasi dan proses manajemen yang memberi perusahaan kemampuan strategis sebagai keunggulan kompetitif. Contoh : perdagangan sahan on-line, dan web e-commerce

Kategori Lainnya Sistem Informasi

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The Information Systems Development Process