Bags Chapter 1 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. Data Structures and Abstractions with Java, 4e Frank Carrano.

Bags

Chapter 1

© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.

Data Structures and Abstractions with Java, 4e Frank Carrano

The ADT Bag

• Definition− A finite collection of objects in no particular

order− Can contain duplicate items

• Possible behaviors− Get number of items− Check for empty− Add, remove objects


CRC Card

FIGURE 1-1 A CRC card for a class Bag


Specifying a Bag

• Describe its data and specify in detail the methods

• Options that we can take when add cannot complete its task:− Do nothing− Leave bag unchanged, but signal client

• Note which methods change the object and which do not


UML Notation

FIGURE 1-2 UML notation for the class Bag


Design Decision

What to do for unusual conditions?

•Assume it won’t happen

•Ignore invalid situations

•Guess at the client’s intention

•Return value that signals a problem

•Return a boolean

•Throw an exception


An Interface

LISTING 1-1 A Java interface for a class of bags


An Interface



An Interface



Using the ADT Bag

LISTING 1-2 A program that maintains a bag for online shopping


Using the ADT Bag



Using the ADT Bag



Example: A Piggy Bank

LISTING 1-3 A class of piggy banks



LISTING 1-3 A class of piggy banks



LISTING 1-4 A demonstration of the class PiggyBank








Using ADT Like Using Vending Machine

FIGURE 1-3 A vending machine


Observations about Vending Machines

• Can perform only tasks machine’s interface presents.

• You must understand these tasks

• Cannot access the inside of the machine

• You can use the machine even though you do not know what happens inside.

• Usable even with new insides.


Observations about ADT Bag

• Can perform only tasks specific to ADT

• Must adhere to the specifications of the operations of ADT

• Cannot access data inside ADT without ADT operations

• Use the ADT, even if don’t know how data is stored

• Usable even with new implementation.© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.

Java Class Library: The Interface Set

Listing 1-5 A Java interface for a class of sets


Java Class Library: The Interface Set

Listing 1-5 A Java interface for a class of sets


End

Chapter 1


Bags Chapter 1 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. Data Structures and Abstractions with Java, 4e Frank Carrano.

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