Bacterial Infection of Cardiovascular system By Dr. Humodi A. Saeed Associate Prof. of Medical Microbiology College of Medical Laboratory Science Sudan.

Bacterial Infection of Cardiovascular system

ByBy

Dr. Humodi A. SaeedDr. Humodi A. SaeedAssociate Prof. of Medical MicrobiologyAssociate Prof. of Medical MicrobiologyCollege of Medical Laboratory ScienceCollege of Medical Laboratory ScienceSudan University of Science and TechnologySudan University of Science and TechnologyE mail address: [email protected] mail address: [email protected]

Cardiovascular system (CVS)


What is Cardiovascular system?


Definition

Cardiovascular system (circulatory system), defined as a group of organs that transport blood and the

substances it carries to and from all parts of the body.

Bacterial Infection of CVS

Components?


Components

The cardiovascular (circulatory) system consists of :

1 .The heart 2 .Blood vessels .


Functions?


Functions

1 .Circulates blood throughout the body .2 .Delivers nutrients and other essential materials to

cells .

3. Removes waste products.


Function

(It serves as the body's transportation system.)


Diseases?


Cardiovascular diseases

Disease of the heart and blood vessels.


Bacteraemia


1 .Bacteraemia• Presence of organisms not permanent.• Organisms not multiplying.• Patient asymptomatic.

• Important means of spread for other diseases.


Causes of Bacteraemia • Group B streptococcus • Escherichia coli (and other enteric Gram negative

bacilli) • Listeria monocytogenes • Streptococcus pneumoniae • Haemophilus influenzae • Staphylococcus aureus • Neisseria meningitides • Salmonella spp


Causes of Bacteraemia (cont.)

• Streptococcus pneumoniae

• Group B streptococcus

• Neisseria meningitides

• Salmonella spp

• Haemophilus influenzae

• Listeria monocytogenes


Causes of Bacteraemia (cont.)

• Streptococcus pneumoniae

• Haemophilus influenzae

• Neisseria meningitides

• Salmonella spp


Septicaemia


2. Septicaemia Septicaemia is a potentially life-threatening infection

in which large amounts of multiplying bacteria are present in the blood. It is commonly referred to as blood poisoning.


Septicaemia

• Organisms actively multiplying.• Patient acutely symptomatic.


Causes Septicaemia usually arises as a result of localised infection in the body. The primary site of infection may occur in the:

• Respiratory system• Skin• The gastrointestinal system• Genitourinary system.

Bacteria usually spill over from the primary infection site into the blood and are carried throughout the body thereby spreading infection to various systems of the body.


Symptoms1. Fevers

2. Chills

3. Rash


Mortality1. Very high even with prompt therapy.

2. Gram positive 10 – 20%

3. Gram negatuve 25 – 40%

4. Septic shock 40 – 90%


Endocarditis


3 .Endocarditis

Viridans Streptococci

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Staphylococcus aureus

CoN Staphylococci Stomatococcus species

Enterococcus species


3. Endocarditis (Cont.)HACEK group Bartonella species Rickettsia burnetii

Brucella species Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Enterobacteriaceae

Ps. aeruginosa, Corynebacterium sp. Propionibacterium sp.


Myocarditis


4. Myocarditis

Cory.diphtheriae

Clostridium perfringens

group A Streptococcus Borrelia burgdorferi Neisseria meningitidis Staphylococcus aureus


4. Myocarditis (Cont.)Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Chlamydia pneumoniae

Chlamydia psittaci

Rickettsia rickettsii

Rickettsia tsutsugamushi


Pericarditis


5. PericarditisStreptococcus pneumoniae

Staphylococcus aureus

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Neisseria meningitidis

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Bacterial Infection of CVSLab. Diagnosis

Specimen

Blood

Bacterial Infection of CVSLab. Diagnosis

Essential points1. Multiple collections

(3 in 24 hours)

2. Maximum volume

(do not overfill!)

3. Aseptic collection / handling technique is CRITICAL

Bacterial Infection of CVS Lab. Diagnosis

Microscopy

Gram stain

To detect:

1. Gram positive

2. Gram negative

Bacterial Infection of CVS Lab. Diagnosis

Blood culture:To isolate the causative

agent (s).


Treatment

After performing sensitivity test.

Thank you

Bacterial Infection of Cardiovascular system By Dr. Humodi A. Saeed Associate Prof. of Medical Microbiology College of Medical Laboratory Science Sudan.

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