Background Education of the Philippines Before 1 Transcript of "Historical foundation of philippine education " 1. 1. HistoricalFoundationsof Philippine Education Prepared by: Labog, Michael John R. II-21 BSE Social Science 2. 2. Development of Education inthe Philippines fromPre-Spanish to Present times 3. 3. TimelineBefore 1521 Education before the coming of Spaniards 1521-1896 Education during the Spanish Regime 1896-1899 Education during the Philippine Revolution 1898-1935 Education during the American Occupation 1935-1941 Education during the Philippine Commonwealth 1941-1944 Education during the Japanese Occupation1944- 1946 Education after the World War II1946-present Education under the Philippine Republic 4. 4. Pre- Hispanic Education• Pre- Hispanic education in thePhilippines was not formal•Education was oral, practical, andhands-on•The objective was basically to promotereverence for, and adoration of Bathala,respect for laws, customs, andauthorities represented by parents andelders•When the Spaniards arrived in thePhilippines they encountered islanderswho knew how to read and write. 5. 5. Education during the Spanish Regime•The Friars established parochialschools linked with churches to teachcatechism to the natives•Instruction was in the dialect•Education was managed, supervised,and controlled and the friars•Education in the country was notuniform•The system of schooling was nothierarchical nor structured, thus therewere no grade levels 6. 6. Major Problems•Lack of trained teachers•Lack of teachers(150 teacher-missionaries to instruct over half amillion inhabitants)• Lack of funds, instructional materials, and in manyinstances school houses
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Background Education of the Philippines Before
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Transcript of "Historical foundation of philippine education "
1. 1. HistoricalFoundationsof Philippine Education Prepared by: Labog, Michael John R. II-21 BSE Social Science
2. 2. Development of Education inthe Philippines fromPre-Spanish to Present times3. 3. TimelineBefore 1521 Education before the coming of Spaniards 1521-1896 Education
during the Spanish Regime 1896-1899 Education during the Philippine Revolution 1898-1935 Education during the American Occupation 1935-1941 Education during the Philippine Commonwealth 1941-1944 Education during the Japanese Occupation1944-1946 Education after the World War II1946-present Education under the Philippine Republic
4. 4. Pre- Hispanic Education• Pre- Hispanic education in thePhilippines was not formal•Education was oral, practical, andhands-on•The objective was basically to promotereverence for, and adoration of Bathala,respect for laws, customs, andauthorities represented by parents andelders•When the Spaniards arrived in thePhilippines they encountered islanderswho knew how to read and write.
5. 5. Education during the Spanish Regime•The Friars established parochialschools linked with churches to teachcatechism to the natives•Instruction was in the dialect•Education was managed, supervised,and controlled and the friars•Education in the country was notuniform•The system of schooling was nothierarchical nor structured, thus therewere no grade levels
6. 6. Major Problems•Lack of trained teachers•Lack of teachers(150 teacher-missionaries to instruct over half amillion inhabitants)• Lack of funds, instructional materials, and in manyinstances school houses
7. 7. Because of need, higher levelschools were established much later by virtue of royal decrees. •Colegios •Beaterios
8. 8. Subjects: Based on the Royal Decree of 1863 •Languages(Latin, Spanish grammar and literature, elementary Greek, French and English) •History( Universal, Spanish) •Mathematics(Arithmetic, Algebra, Trigonometry, Geometry) •Philosophy(Rhethoric, Logic, Ethics) •Geography •Pshychology
9. 9. Philippine Revolution•Illustrados spearheaded thePropaganda Movemnent•Curricular reforms1. Secularization of education2. Instruction of Spanish3. Greater attention to natural science4. The design of a relevant curriculum5. Improvement of higher centers of learning6. Improvement of educational system
10. 10. • Jose Rizal criticized unequivocally the friars’ method of instruction in his two novels Noli Me Tangere and El filibusterismo1. Disproportionate focus on religion2. Discourage the attempt of Filipino students to speak in Spanish3. Lack of pedagogical skills4. Irrelevant courses in the curriculum
11. 11. Curriculum To improve the existing curriculum, Rizal considered the ff. Subjects as required courses in secondary schools•Science•Math•History•Philosophy•Law•Language•P.E•Religion•Music•Social Sciences
12. 12. Graciano- Lopez Jaena“The outstanding cause of the distressed situation ofFilipinos today is the anomalous education receivedby the youth in schools. They learn to read correctlyand write gracefully, but they do not learn anythinguseful because they are not taught any. They aretaught how to pray and never go to work”
13. 13. American Occupation•The Americans used education as a vehiclefor its program benevolent asimilation•American soldiers were the first teachers•Restore damaged school houses, buildnew ones and conduct classes•Trained teachers replaced soldiers•Filipinos warmly received their newteachers, Thomasites•American teachers infused their studentsthe spirit of democracy and progress aswell as fair play
14. 14. TAKE NOTE!• It is not surprising that the democratic values espoused by the Americans, whether SINCERE or NOT, touched a receptive nerve un the Filipino psyche.
15. 15. •Americans discarded the religious bias•Educational Act of 1901- Separation of Church andState in education•Encourage filipino in the field of teaching•Outstanding filipino scholars were sent to US to trainas teachers
16. 16. CurriculumPrimary Education•GMRC•Civics•Hygiene and Sanitation•GeographyIntermediate Curriculum•Grammar and composition•Reading, spelling•Science courses•Physiology•Hygiene and sanitation•Intensive teaching of geography
17. 17. •Government established NORMAL SCHOOL for futureteachers•Courses includeMethods of teaching, practice teaching, psychology,mathematics, language, science, history andgovernment, social sciences, P.E•White collar-job bias
18. 18. Philippine Commonwealth•All schools should develop moral character, personaldiscipline, civic conscience and vocational efficiency•Promote effective participation of the citizens in theprocesses of a democratic society•Educational Act of 1940“meet the increasing demand for public instructionand at the same time comply with the constitutionalmandate on public education”
19. 19. Japanese Regime•6 basic principles of japanese Education1. Realization of NEW ORDER and promote friendly relations between Japan and the Philippines to the farthest extent2. Foster a new Filipino culture based3. Endeavor to elevate the morals of people, giving up over emphasis of materialism4. Diffusion of the Japanese language in the philippines5. Promotion of VOCATIONAL course6. To inspire people with the spirit to love neighbor
20. 20. Curriculum•School calendar became longer•No summer vacation for students•Class size increased to 60•Deleted anti-asian opinions, banned the singing ofamerican songs, deleted american symbols, poemsand pictures•Nihongo as a means of introducing and cultivvatinglove for Japanese culture•Social Studies
21. 21. Take Note!Spanish- Reign for 300 yearsAmerican- 50 yearsJapanese- about four years•It is thus not surprising that despite the measurethey had instituted, the Japanese failed to succeed intransforming the values and attitudes of the people inline with their vision of the NEW ORDER.•A contributory factor was widely reported brutalitiesthat ushered in the Japanese occupation that thefilipinos did not experience with the same degreeduring the American period
22. 22. After World War IIIn 1947, by the virtue of Executive Order No. 94, theDepartment of Instruction was changed to"Department of Education." During this period, theregulation and supervision of public and privateschools belonged to the Bureau of Public and PrivateSchools.
23. 23. Education after 1940• The objective of the Philippine Education was to established “integrated, nationalistic, and democracy- inspired educational system” included the ff.1. Inculcate moral and spiritual values inspired by an abiding faith in God2. To develop an
enlighten, patriotic, useful and upright citizenry in a democratic society3. Conservation of the national resources4. Perpetuation of our desirable values5. Promote the science, arts and letters
24. 24. •Great experiments in the community school and the useof vernacular in the first two grades of the primaryschools as the medium of instruction were some ofthem.•An experiment worth mentioning that led to a change inthe Philippine Educational Philosophy was that of schooland community collaboration pioneered by Jose V.Aguilar.Schools are increasingly using instructional materials thatare Philippine-oriented.Memorandum No. 30, 1966 sets the order of priority inthe purchase of books for use in the schools were asfollows:Books which are contributions to Phil. LiteratureBooks on character education and other library materialsLibrary equipment and permanent features
25. 25. Martial Law period• The Department of Education became the Department of Education and Culture in 1972, the Ministry of Education and Culture in 1978, and with the Education Act of 1982, the Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports.• A bilingual education scheme was established in 1974, requiring Filipino and English to be used in schools.• Science and math subjects as well as English language and literature classes were taught in English while the rest were taught in Filipino.
26. 26. From 1986 to the present• The bilingual policy in education was reiterated in the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines.• (EDCOM), Congress passed Republic Act 7722 and Republic Act 7796 in 1994, creating theCommission on Higher Education (CHED) and the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA). The institute governing basic education was thus renamed in 2001 as the Department of Education (DepEd).
27. 27. • The quality of public school education is generally considered to have declined since the post-war years, mainly due to insufficient funds. The Department of Education aims to address the major problems affecting public education by 2010.• Private schools are able to offer better facilities and education, but are also much more expensive. There is a wide variety of private schools, including all-boys’ and all-girls’ schools, religious schools, non-sectarian schools, Chinese schools, special schools, and international schools. Due to economic difficulties, there has been a recent increase in the popularity of home schooling and open universities in the Philippines.
28. 28. Reference•http://en.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Education_in_the_Philippines•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_the_Philippines•THE NATURE AND SCOPE OFCURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT(PHILIPPINE CONTEXT) by PROF. RONNIEESPERGAL PASIGUI
29. 29. Thank You forListening!
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Transcript of "the history of the Philippines education (teaching profession)"
1. 1. THE HISTORY OF THE PHILIPPINES EDUCATION2. 2. CAN ANYONE GIVE ME A LITTLE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE HISTORY OF
PHILIPPINES EDUCATION ? QUESTION3. 3. PRE-HISPANIC The education of Pre-Hispanic Filipinos was fit for the needs of their
times. There was no formal schooling. Parents trained their children informally . Mothers educated their female children in housekeeping, weaving, basket-making and other agriculture-related activities. Fathers trained their male children in hunting, carpentry, agriculture, shipbuilding and mining. Skills taught would vary on their industries and locations, i.e., whether highland, lowlands or along seashores. Education was oral, practical and hands-on
4. 4. ALIBATA Alibata is an ancient writing system that was used in what is now the Philippines. Although it was all but extinguished by Western colonization,variants of it are still used in parts of Mindoro and Palawan, and it is also increasingly used by Filipino youth as a way to express their identity.
5. 5. • While controlled by colonial rule for several years, once the Philippines gained their independence they took over control of the educational system and began to move it in their own direction. • Children in the Philippines are educated in the primary and secondary school systems for about thirteen to fourteen years, depending on when they start, after which they complete the College Entrance Examinations, that allow them to qualify for one of the many institutions of higher learning. • There are both private and public schools in the Philippines, and on the whole the education provided by the private schools is much more comprehensive than that provided by the public school system. • In fact, the Philippines was home to the first modern public schooling system in Asia. It is also home to the oldest universities, colleges, and vocational schools. • Education has been a priority in the Philippines for decades, and this is evidenced in the fact that many of the advancements in education in Asia have been pioneered in the Philippines.
6. 6. During the Pre-Spanish period, education was still decentralized. Children were provided more vocational training but lesser academics, which were headed by their parents or by their tribal tutors. They used a unique system of writing known as the baybayin. Pre-Spanish Period BAYBAYIN The term Baybay literally means "to spell“ in Tagalog. It also known as the alibata, were in it is the ancient writing system that was used before by the Filipinos.
7. 7. The pre-Spanish system of education underwent major changes during the Spanish colonization The tribal tutors were replaced by the Spanish Missionaries TRIBAL TUTORSTRIBAL TUTORS Education was informal and unstructured . Children were provided with vocational training and less academics by parents and houses of tribal tutors SPANISH MISSIONARIESSPANISH MISSIONARIES education was “religion-centered” education for the elite only Spanish is compulsory Boys and girls school are separated Inadequate, suppressed and controlled
8. 8. SPANISH When the Spanish first arrived in the Philippines, education of the indigenous people was mainly viewed as the duty of religious organizations. Parish friars put forth great effort to teach the indigenous people to read believing that literacy was the key to better lifestyles. EDUCATION DURING THE SPANISH REGIME
9. 9. EDUCATION DURING THE SPANISH REGIME The Friars establish parochial schools linked with Churches to teach catechism to the natives. Education was manage, supervised, and controlled By the friars. Spanish education played a major role in that transformation. The oldest universities, colleges, vocational schools and the first modern public education system in Asia were created during the colonial period The focus of education during the Spanish Colonization of the Philippines was mainly religious education. The Catholic doctrine schools that were set up initially became parochial schools which taught reading and writing along with catechism
10. 10. The Spanish missionaries established schools immediately after reaching the islands. • The Augustinians opened a school in Cebu in 1565. •The Franciscans, in 1577, immediately took to the task of teaching improving literacy, aside from the teaching of new industrial and
agricultural techniques.• Jesuits followed in 1581 •The Dominicans in 1587, which they started a school in their first mission at Bataan.
11. 11. In 1863, an educational decree mandated the establishment of free primary schools in each town, one for boys and one for girls, with the precise number of schools depending on the size of the population. There were 3 grades: entrada, acenso, and termino. The curriculum required the study of Christian doctrine, values and history as well as reading and writing in Spanish, mathematics, agriculture, etiquette, singing, world geography, and Spanish history. Girls were also taught sewing. The decree also provided for a normal school run by the Jesuits to educate male teachers in Manila. Normal schools for women teachers were not established until 1875, in Nueva Caceres. Despite the Decree of 1863, basic education in the Philippines remained inadequate for the rest of the Spanish period. Often, there were not enough schools built. Teachers tended to use corporal punishment.
12. 12. After the Spanish colonial government was overthrown, the schools established during the Spanish era were closed down for a time by Emilio Aguinaldo’s government. The Malolos Constitution made elementary education compulsory and provided for free schooling. The Universidad Literaria de Filipinas, which provided courses in law, medicine, surgery, pharmacy, and notarianship, was established by Aguinaldo on 19 October 1898. He also set up the Military Academy of Malolos and decreed that all diplomas awarded by UST after 1898 be considered null and void. The curricula of schools were not much different from those under Spanish domination. While Tagalogwas established as the national language by the Constitution of Biak-na-Bato, reading, writing and literary studies in Spanish were still given emphasis.
13. 13. QUESTION WHY IS IT IMPORTANT FOR US TO GO BACK AND RECALL AND THE PAST EDUCATION OF THE PHILIPPINES ? It give us not only a glimpse of the past but also what we could learn from it. History of Education will help you to understand how the past events shaped the present education systems, theories and related phenomenon in the area of teacher education in particular and education in general. Secondly, it will enable you to appreciate the importance of education to mankind since time immemorial across the generations.
14. 14. WHAT COULD BE THE BENEFITS THAT US FUTURE TEACHER THAT MAY HAVE AFTER STUDYING THE HISTORY OF THE PHILIPPINES ? QUESTION
15. 15. 1. The study of history of education helps teachers in training to appreciate the various aspects of their past educational process so as to link them to the present; 2. It enables teachers in training to know what type of education we had and the purpose it served in the past; 3. It gives teachers in training the opportunity of knowing our past mistakes in our education with the view to making necessary amends; 4. History of education gives teachers in training the opportunity of studying other people’s educational ideas and programmes with the aim of developing ours; 5. It also gives teachers in training a solid foundation to plan for our present and future educational development; 6. History of education guides teachers in training to proffer some positive solution to our present day educational problems 7. It helps teachers in training to understand some major trends and developments in our educational system; 8. It helps teachers in training to formulate and implement better philosophies of education; 9. History of education is a good academic exercise to improve teachers in training knowledge; 10.It widens the scope and knowledge of the teacher and makes him more comfortable and competent in his class
16. 16. PREPARED BY: LOREIN MAY F. PABILONA BTTE-ADT IV-D
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Education in the Philippines is managed and regulated by the Department of Education,
commonly referred to as the DepEd in the country. The Department of Education controls the
Philippine education system, including the curriculum used in schools and the allocation of funds. It
also regulates the construction of schools and other educational facilities and the recruitment of
teachers and staff.
Before Philippine Independence in 1946, the country's education system was patterned on the
system of its colonial powers, Spainand the United States. However, after Philippine independence,
its educational system changed radically.
Until 2011, the basic education system was composed of six years of elementary education starting
at the age of 6, and four years ofhigh school education starting at the age of 12. Further education
was provided by technical or vocational schools, or in higher education institutions such as
universities. Although the 1987 Constitution stated that elementary education was compulsory, this
was never enforced.[citation needed]
In 2011, the country started to transition from its old 10-year basic educational system to a K–12
educational system, as mandated by the Department of Education.[3] The new 12-year system is now
compulsory, along with the adoption of new curriculum for all schools (see 2010s and the K–12
program). The transition period will end with the 2017–2018 school year, which is the graduation
date for the first group of students who entered the new educational system.
All public schools in the Philippines must start classes on the date mandated by the Department of
Education (usually the first Monday for public, second Monday for private and third Monday for some
colleges for the month of June) since Estrada administration in 1999, and must end after each
school completes the mandated 200-day school calendar organized by the Department of Education
(usually around the third week of March to the second week of April). Private schools are not obliged
to abide by a specific date, but must open classes no later than the last week of August.
History[edit]
Pre-colonial period[edit]
Further information: Ancient Philippine scripts and Baybayin
During the pre-colonial period, children were provided with vocational training but there was no
schooling or traditional academics. Training was headed by parents or by tribal tutors or leaders.
Stories, songs, poetry and dances were passed from generation to generation mostly through oral
tradition. There was a writing system known as Baybayin but its use or knowledge was very limited.
Spanish period[edit]
Main article: Education in the Philippines during Spanish rule