“Back Home” 12.4

“Back Home”12.4

Back HomeBack Home• Funding the warFunding the war

–Liberty BondsLiberty Bonds$20 billion raised$20 billion raised

• Price ControlsPrice Controls• RationingRationing

–““Food will win the war.”Food will win the war.”–Daylight savings timeDaylight savings time

Liberty Bonds

Liberty Bonds

War Trade Board

• Licenses trade with foreign countries• Punishes companies suspected of dealing

with the enemy.

War Labor Board

• Settled labor disputes that might interfere with the war effort

• Very anti-union– Supported by Samuel

Gompers

Back HomeBack Home• Espionage ActEspionage Act

–Illegal to interfere with draftIllegal to interfere with draft

• Sedition ActSedition Act–Illegal to obstruct sale of LB’sIllegal to obstruct sale of LB’s

–Illegal to say anything bad about Illegal to say anything bad about the USAthe USA

Sedition – Sedition – Political RadicalsPolitical Radicals

• Eugene DebsEugene Debs– 10-year jail 10-year jail

sentence for sentence for criticizing the criticizing the governmentgovernment

• NewspapersNewspapers– Mailing rights of Mailing rights of

45 were revoked 45 were revoked within 1 yearwithin 1 year

Alien Act

• Imposed a Literacy test for immigrants • Passed over Wilson’s veto

Affects of the war…

• Women– Women find work on farms, factories and offices– The war seemed to bring about major social change

African and Mexican Americans

• Companies that had once refused to hire minorities now actively recruited them for work

Immigration• WWI virtually stopped the flow of immigrants

from Europe

What does Wilson Want?

What do European leaders want?

14 Points14 Points• This was This was

Wilson’s plan.Wilson’s plan.

• Contains plan Contains plan for thefor theLeague of League of NationsNations

ReparationsReparations• Other Allies demanded Other Allies demanded

reparations from Germany.reparations from Germany.–““War guilt” left many bitterWar guilt” left many bitter

• Germans initially refuse to Germans initially refuse to sign the treatysign the treaty–France threatens themFrance threatens them

The “Irreconcilables”

Wilson’s CrusadeWilson’s Crusade• Wilson needs approval of Wilson needs approval of

Congress Congress DIFFICULTDIFFICULT

• US tourUS tour–36 speeches in 3 weeks36 speeches in 3 weeks

–Stroke & paralysisStroke & paralysis

US Ends WarUS Ends War• Congress rejected the Treaty Congress rejected the Treaty

of Versaillesof Versailles

• Separate peace w/ Germany Separate peace w/ Germany after Wilson leaves officeafter Wilson leaves office(1921)(1921)

–Never joined League of NationsNever joined League of Nations