BABY’S ARRIVAL Chapter 7 Page 215
Jan 19, 2016
BABY’S ARRIVAL Chapter 7Page 215
Labor and Birth
Early signs of labor Cervix- lower part of the uterus ‘bloody show’- loss of the mucus plug from the cervix Amniotic sac breaks- ‘water breaks’
Woman should note the color, amount and smell Once this happens baby must be born within 24-48
hours.
Labor
Contractions- tightening and releasing of the uterine muscles Become closer together and stronger as time passesFalse Labor- “Braxton Hicks” Contractions Not regular or rhythmic Don’t get stronger End if the woman walk/ moves around
Stage 1: Dilation
1st Stage- Dilation Dilation- cervix widens until 10 cm wide Effacement- cervix thins to allow widening Contractions last about 1 min. and become about 5-6
minutes apart Baby moves down into birth canal Transition- bridge between 1st & 2nd stages
Very strong contractions and much closer together Most difficult part of labor
Stage 2: A Baby is Born
2nd Stage- baby is delivered Woman can now push
Tight fit- Ligaments in pelvic bone expand Hormone allows vagina to be very stretchy Baby’s skull is soft & flexible Episiotomy- opening is widen to allow the baby more
room and to avoid the mother tearing
Woman’s feet are elevated Doctor supports the baby’s head Forceps- surgical tongs used to help pull out babies Vacuum Extraction- suction is applied to baby’s head to
help baby move through the birth canal
3rd Stage- Placental Delivery
Weaker contractions continue after the baby is born Placenta is delivered with little discomfort Placenta must be inspected by doctor for signs of
problems Very important step to ensure no bleeding, infection or
serious illness exists
Cesarean Birth
Delivery of a baby by making a surgical incision in the mother’s abdomen
Used when complications arise or emergencies Sometimes scheduled/planned if woman is known to have
very difficult deliveries Women can have a vaginal birth after a c-section
A New Life…
Breathing During labor amniotic fluids are pushed out Takes first breath when lungs fill with oxygenCirculation Valve in the heart closes allowing blood to flow through
the heart and lungs Umbilical cord-stops pulsing and begins to shrink
In clamped off on both the mother & baby’s side then cut
Newborn at Birth
Fontanels- ‘soft spots’ or bones in the baby’s skull that haven’t fused together
Flat nose & receding chin- help w/ feeding Eyes- nearly adult size & blue at birth Lanugo- downy hair on forehead, back & shoulders
(especially babies born early) Vernix- cottage cheese looking substance that protects
baby from the amniotic fluids Milia- baby acne due to the mother’s hormones
POSTNATAL PERIODSection 7-2
Apgar Scale
0 1 2
Heart Rate Absent Under 100 Over 100
Breathing Absent Slow, irregular
Good, crying
Muscle Tone Limp Some limb movement
Active motion
Response None Grimace Cough
Color Blue, pale Pink body; blue limbs
Completely pink
Early Hours
Bonding- strong emotional tie between parent & child Breast feeding- baby’s instincts guide
Colostrum (1st milk)- easy to digest, provides antibodies, very important!!
Typically stay in hospital for 1-2 days Jaundice- baby has a yellow color on their skin
Blood has too much of a chemical If untreated, could harm nervous system Treated by putting baby in sunlight or under flourescent
lighting
Rooming In- baby stays in the mother’s room as much as parents like Allow for bonding Helps the parents practice taking care of the baby Legal Documents Must complete birth certificate Social Security Number/Card
Premature Babies
5-6% of babies are premature Incubator- help control temperature, breathing and
feeding Often have difficulties with breathing, infections & eating Babies weighing less than 1 pound have survived to be
healthy
Mother’s Postnatal Care
Physical Needs Rest- sleep when the baby does Exercise- as soon as mother feels ready can do mild
exercise Helps with weight loss and mental health
Nutrition- very important to help the body recover Especially if breast feeding Increase calories by 600 if breast feeding
Amazing Newborn
Reflexes- instinctive, automatic responses Rooting Reflex- when touched on lips or cheek baby turns
to feed Grasp Reflex- hand closes over anything that touches the
palm Startle Reflex- reaction to loud sound
Legs throw up, finders spread and arms are first extended then brought back rapidly while fingers clamp shut
Adjustments
Newborns need several weeks to settle into a predictable pattern
Baby needs to feel secure, loved and provided for Baby’s Language- parents begin to understand different
cries Temperament- baby’s style of reacting to the world and
relating to others All babies are different, some very sensitive and others
very laid back