Babok2 chapter5 final

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BABOK® v2.0 Chapter 5: Enterprise Analysis

Enterprise Analysis

Outline:

5.1 Define Business Need

5.2 Assess Capability Gaps

5.3 Determine Solution Approach

5.4 Define Solution Scope

5.5 Define Business Case

Enterprise Analysis

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Describes the business analysis activities that take place for organizations to: Analyze

Business situation

Assess Capabilities of the enterprise

Determine Most feasible business approach

Define Solution scope (and document) business requirements

Enterprise Analysis

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Provides context to requirements analysis and solution identification

Often the starting point for initiating a new project

Business requirements are identified and documented through enterprise analysis activities

Enterprise Analysis

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Activities are derived from Inputs, (information) relating to specific Tasks (activities), that create specific Outputs (deliverables)

5.1 Define Business Need

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Purpose: Why define the business need? Identify why a change to the organizational systems is required Define why a change to the organizational systems is required

Description Defines the problem that the business analyst is trying to find a

solution for. Critical Step in the business analyst effort! The way the business need is defined determines which alternative

solutions will be considered, which stakeholders will be consulted, and which solution approaches will be evaluated.

5.1 Define Business Need

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Inputs Business Goals and

Objectives Requirements [Stated]

Task Define Business Need

Outputs A fully defined

business need is used by many tasks

5.1.4 Elements

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5.1.4 Elements

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.2 Business Problem or Opportunity Make sure that there is in fact an opportunity for

improvement if the issue is resolved

.3 Desired outcome NOT a solution! Describes the business benefits that will result from

meeting the business need and the desired end state

5.1.5 Techniques

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General Techniques Benchmarking (9.2) Brainstorming (9.3) Business Rules Analysis (9.4) Focus Groups (9.11) Functional Decomposition (9.12) Root Cause Analysis (9.25)

5.1.6 Stakeholders

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Customer or Supplier Domain SME and End User Implementation SME Regulator Sponsor

5.1.7 Output

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Business Need: A business need describes a problem that the organization is or is likely to face, or an opportunity that it has not taken, and the desired outcome. The business need will guide the identification and definition of possible solutions.

5.2 Assess Capability Gaps

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Purpose Identify new capabilities required by the enterprise to meet the

previously defined business need.

Description Assess the current capabilities of the enterprise and find the gaps

that prevent the organization from doing what it wants to be doing. Is it even possible? How big will the change be?

5.2 Assess Capability Gaps

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Inputs Business Need Enterprise Architecture Solution Performance

Assessment

Task Assess Capability Gaps

Outputs Capability requirements

are used by many tasks

5.2.4 Elements

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.1 Current Capability Analysis Gather as much information as possible about the current state of

the areas of the enterprise affected by the business need.

Goal: Understand the business and how the business and technology architectures support it.

.2 Assessment of New Capability Requirements Compare future and desired business states What, if anything, needs to be added?

.3 Assumptions Must be identified and clearly understood

5.2.5 Techniques

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General Techniques Document Analysis (9.9) SWOT Analysis (9.32)

5.2.6 Stakeholders

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Customer and Supplier May be impacted

May be able to support the new capabilities themselves

Domain SME, End User, Implementation SME, and Sponsor Will provide information on the strengths and weaknesses of

current capabilities.

5.2.7 Output

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Required Capabilities: An understanding of the current capabilities of the organization and the new capabilities (processes, staff, features in an application, etc.) that may be required to meet the business need.

5.3 Determine Solution Approach

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Purpose To determine the most viable solution approach to meet the business

need in enough detail to allow for definition of solution scope and prepare the business case

Description Describes the general approach to create or acquire the new

capabilities to meet the business need Consider:

Possible approaches Means of delivery Organizational capabilities to implement and use

5.3 Determine Solution Approach

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Inputs Business Need Organizational Process Assets Required Capabilities

Task Determine Solution Approach

Outputs The Solution Approach is used

in defining the Solution Scope

5.3 Elements

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.1 Alternative Generation Identify as many potential options as possible to meet the

business objectives and fill in the capability gaps

.2 Assumptions and Constraints Should always be questioned to ensure they are valid

.3 Ranking and Selection of Approaches Analyze the operational, economic, technical, schedule-

based, organizational, cultural, legal and marketing feasibility.

5.3.5 Techniques

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General Techniques Benchmarking (9.2) Brainstorming (9.3) Decision Analysis (9.8) Estimation (9.10) SWOT Analysis (9.23)

Feasibility Analysis Preliminary analysis of solution alternatives or options to determine

whether and how each option can provide an expected business benefit to meet the business need.

5.3.6 Stakeholders

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Customer, Domain SME, End User, and Supplier May be able to provide suggested approaches May be able to identify assumptions and constraints

Implementation SME Will be needed to assess the feasibility of possible approaches

Sponsor May be the source of constraints!

Most likely be required to approve the recommended approach

5.3.7 Output

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Solution Approach: A description of the approach that will be taken to implement a new set of capabilities. Solution approaches describe the types of solution components that will be delivered (new processes, a new software application, etc.) and may also describe the methodology that will be used to deliver those components.

5.4 Define Solution Scope

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Purpose To define which capabilities a project or iteration will deliver

Description Conceptualize the recommended solution in enough detail to so

stakeholders understand the business capabilities to be delivered Solution scope includes:

The scope of analysis The capabilities supported The capabilities that will be supported by future iterations The enabling capabilities that are required in order for the

organization to develop the capabilities required to meet the business need

5.4 Define Solution Scope

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Inputs Assumptions and Constraints Business Need Required Capabilities Solution Approach

Task Define Solution Scope

Outputs Many other task use the fully

defined Solution Scope

5.4.4 Elements

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.1 Solution Scope Definition Describes solution in terms of major features and functions

as well as interactions with outside people and systems

.2 Implementation Approach Describes how the chose solution approach will deliver the

solution scope

.3 Dependencies Define major business and technical dependencies that will

impose constraints on the effort to deploy the solution

5.4.5 Techniques

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General Techniques Functional Decomposition (9.12) Interface Analysis (9.13) Scope Modeling (9.27) User Stories (9.33)

5.4.5 Techniques

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Problem or Vision Statement States the business need, identifies key stakeholders, and

briefly describes the positive impact that meeting the business need will have on those stakeholders

5.4.6 Stakeholders

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Domain SME Will participate in identifying the affected organizational units,

modeling the scope of possible solutions, and determining the relative priorities of the required capabilities

Implementation SME Will participate in the allocation of capabilities to solution

components and in determining the time and effort required to deliver new capabilities

5.4.6 Stakeholders

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Project Manager May assist with the development of the overall solution

scope, which will be used as an input to the project charter Responsible for the definition of the project scope Play a major role in allocating capabilities to components

and primarily responsible for determining the time and effort required to deliver a capability

Sponsor Will participate in setting priorities and approving the

solution scope

5.4.7 Output

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Solution Scope: Defines what must be delivered in order to meet the business need, and the effect of the proposed change initiative on the business and technology operations and infrastructure.

5.5 Define Business Case

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Purpose To determine if an organization can justify the

investment required to deliver a proposed solution

Description Describes the justification for the project in terms of the

value to be added to the business as a result of the deployed solution, as compared to the cost to develop and operate the solution

5.5 Define Business Case

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Inputs Assumptions and Constraints Business Need Solution Scope Stakeholder Concerns

Task Define Business Case

Output Many tasks use the business

case

5.5.4 Elements

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.1 Benefits Qualitative and quantitative gains

.2 Costs Estimate the total net cost of the solution

Total cost of ownership Opportunity costs

.3 Risk Assessment Determine if the proposed initiative carries more risk than

the organization is willing to bear

.4 Results Measurement How the costs and benefits will be assessed and evaluated

5.5.5 Techniques

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General Techniques Decision Analysis (9.8)

Estimation (9.10)

Metrics and Key Performance Indicators (9.16)

Risk Analysis (9.24) SWOT Analysis (9.32) Vendor Assessment (9.34)

5.5.6 Stakeholders

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Sponsor Approves the business case and authorizes funding

Domain SME Assists in estimating business benefits expected from

the new initiative

Implementation SME Assists in estimating cost projections for the

technology needed to support the new solution

Project Manager Participates in developing time and cost estimates May develop preliminary project plan and WBS

5.5.7 Output

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Business Case: Presents the information necessary to support a go/no go decision to invest and move forward with a proposed project.